CN117432022A - Electric excavator heat dissipation system and method and electric excavator - Google Patents
Electric excavator heat dissipation system and method and electric excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN117432022A CN117432022A CN202311670306.3A CN202311670306A CN117432022A CN 117432022 A CN117432022 A CN 117432022A CN 202311670306 A CN202311670306 A CN 202311670306A CN 117432022 A CN117432022 A CN 117432022A
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
- E02F9/0858—Arrangement of component parts installed on superstructures not otherwise provided for, e.g. electric components, fenders, air-conditioning units
- E02F9/0866—Engine compartment, e.g. heat exchangers, exhaust filters, cooling devices, silencers, mufflers, position of hydraulic pumps in the engine compartment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2095—Control of electric, electro-mechanical or mechanical equipment not otherwise provided for, e.g. ventilators, electro-driven fans
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a heat dissipation system and a heat dissipation method of an electric excavator and the electric excavator, wherein the system comprises the following components: the system comprises a refrigeration branch, a first cooling branch, a second cooling branch, a power battery cooling loop and a control module; the refrigeration branch comprises a compressor and a condenser; a stop valve and a cab cooling module are arranged on the first cooling branch; an electronic expansion valve and a heat exchanger are arranged on the second cooling branch; the power battery cooling loop is provided with a heat exchanger, a power battery pack and a water supply module, and heat exchange is performed between the power battery cooling loop and the second cooling branch through the heat exchanger; the control module comprises a thermal management controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the thermal management controller obtains the temperature of a battery cell of the power battery pack through the temperature sensor and controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipation cost of the heat dissipation system of the electric excavator is reduced, and the heat dissipation effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy conservation, in particular to a heat dissipation system and method of an electric excavator and the electric excavator.
Background
With the gradual maturation of the three-electricity technology, the manufacturing cost of the electric product is continuously reduced. Compared with the fuel excavator, the full life cycle cost of the electric excavator is lower, and the electric excavator becomes one of the important directions of green development of the electric excavator. Different from an automobile, the electric excavator is more severe in working condition and higher in use power, and has higher heat dissipation requirements on a power battery box and an electric drive system.
Existing electric excavator heat dissipation systems typically include a cabin air conditioning refrigeration system, an electric drive cooling system, and a power battery cooling system that are independent of one another. The air conditioning refrigerating system and the electric driver cooling system of the cab respectively adopt a set of compressor, a condenser and a refrigerant pipeline. The electric driver cooling system and the power battery cooling system respectively adopt a set of coolant pump and a pipeline thereof.
However, each cooling system has a set of independent heat dissipation equipment, so that repeated parts in the existing heat dissipation system of the electric excavator are more, and the cost is higher. Secondly, the repeated parts in the electric excavator are too many, which results in poor air flowability and poor heat dissipation capability. Finally, since the power battery system and the hydraulic system already occupy most of the space in the electric excavator, the available space for the heat dissipating system is limited, resulting in the need to discard the same ton class of excavator form factor when arranging the heat dissipating system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat dissipation system and method of an electric excavator and the electric excavator, which reduce the cost of heat dissipation management of the electric excavator and improve the heat dissipation capacity and space utilization rate of the electric excavator.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat dissipation system for an electric excavator, including: the refrigeration branch comprises a compressor and a condenser which are connected in sequence;
one end of the first cooling branch is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, the other end of the first cooling branch is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, and a stop valve and a cab cooling module are arranged on the first cooling branch;
one end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, the other end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, and an electronic expansion valve and a heat exchanger are arranged on the second cooling branch;
the power battery cooling loop is provided with a heat exchanger, a power battery pack and a water supply module, and heat exchange is performed between the power battery cooling loop and the second cooling branch through the heat exchanger;
the control module comprises a thermal management controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the thermal management controller obtains the temperature of a battery cell corresponding to the power battery pack through the temperature sensor, and controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery cell so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch.
Optionally, the cab cooling module includes:
an expansion valve, and an evaporator connected to the expansion valve.
Optionally, the water supply module includes:
the water inlet of the water tank is connected with the power battery pack, and the water outlet of the water tank is connected with a coolant pump;
a first flow valve is arranged between the coolant pump and the heat exchanger;
the first flow valve is used for adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid output by the cooling liquid pump.
Optionally, the electric excavator heat dissipation system further comprises a third cooling branch;
one end of the third cooling branch is communicated with the water outlet of the coolant pump, the other end of the third cooling branch is communicated with the water inlet of the water tank, a second flow valve, an electric driving system and a radiator assembly are arranged on the third cooling branch, and the radiator assembly is positioned at the upstream of the electric driving system.
Optionally, the control module further includes: a first temperature pressure sensor and a second temperature pressure sensor;
the first temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a circuit between the compressor and the heat exchanger;
the second temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a circuit between the condenser and the electronic expansion valve;
the first temperature pressure sensor and the second temperature pressure sensor are electrically connected with the thermal management controller, and the first temperature pressure sensor and the second temperature pressure sensor are used for monitoring the state of cooling liquid corresponding to the refrigeration branch.
Optionally, the control module further includes: a pressure switch electrically connected with the thermal management controller;
the pressure switch is used for alarming when the pressure of the cooling liquid in the corresponding pipeline of the compressor is larger than or equal to a preset pressure threshold value.
Optionally, the control module further includes: and the electronic fan is electrically connected with the thermal management controller and is used for radiating heat of the condenser.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a heat dissipation method for an electric excavator, where the heat dissipation method for an electric excavator is applied to the heat dissipation system for an electric excavator provided in any one embodiment, and the heat dissipation method for an electric excavator includes:
acquiring the temperature of a battery cell corresponding to the power battery pack through a temperature sensor;
and controlling the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off state of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery core so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch.
Optionally, the battery core temperature includes maximum battery core temperature and average battery core temperature, and the aperture of electronic expansion valve and the break-make of stop valve are controlled according to the battery core temperature to distribute the refrigerant of refrigeration branch road to first cooling branch road and/or second cooling branch road, include:
if the maximum cell temperature is greater than or equal to the maximum cell temperature threshold and the average cell temperature is greater than or equal to the average cell temperature threshold, the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch is cut off from flowing to the cab cooling module by closing the cut-off valve;
If the maximum cell temperature is smaller than the maximum cell temperature threshold or the average cell temperature is smaller than the average cell temperature threshold, setting the opening of the electronic expansion valve to be a preset minimum opening, so that the refrigerants of the refrigerating branch are all distributed to the first cooling branch, and the cab refrigeration is realized.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an electric excavator, including:
at least one electric excavator heat dissipation system; and
at least one memory; the electric excavator heat dissipation system comprises a thermal management controller, and the memory is in communication connection with the thermal management controller; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one thermal management controller to enable the at least one thermal management controller to perform the electric shovel heat dissipation method provided by any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat dissipation system of an electric excavator, which comprises the following components: the system comprises a refrigeration branch, a first cooling branch, a second cooling branch, a power battery cooling loop and a control module; the refrigeration branch comprises a compressor and a condenser which are connected in sequence; one end of the first cooling branch is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, the other end of the first cooling branch is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, and a stop valve and a cab cooling module are arranged on the first cooling branch; one end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, the other end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, and an electronic expansion valve and a heat exchanger are arranged on the second cooling branch; the power battery cooling loop is provided with a heat exchanger, a power battery pack and a water supply module, and heat exchange is performed between the power battery cooling loop and the second cooling branch through the heat exchanger; the control module comprises a thermal management controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the thermal management controller obtains the temperature of a battery core corresponding to the power battery pack through the temperature sensor, and controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery core so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipation cost of the heat dissipation system of the electric excavator is reduced, and the heat dissipation effect and the space utilization rate are improved.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description that follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigeration branch according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a first cooling branch according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of a second cooling branch according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1d is a schematic diagram of a cooling circuit for a power battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1e is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation system of an electric excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of another heat dissipation system of an electric excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a third cooling branch according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3a is a flowchart of a heat dissipation method of an electric excavator according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3b is a flowchart of a method for cooling a power battery pack and a cab, respectively, according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3c is a flow chart of a method for simultaneously cooling a power battery pack and an electric drive system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electric excavator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses an electric excavator cooling system, includes: the system comprises a refrigeration branch, a first cooling branch, a second cooling branch, a power battery cooling loop and a controller. The embodiment can be applied to the situation of radiating heat of a cab, a power battery pack and an electric drive system in the electric excavator.
Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigeration branch according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1a, the refrigeration circuit comprises a compressor 101 and a condenser 102 connected in sequence.
Specifically, the downstream of the compressor 101 is connected to the upstream of the condenser 102.
Fig. 1b is a schematic structural diagram of a first cooling branch according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1b, the first cooling branch is provided with a shut-off valve 103 and a cab cooling module 104.
Specifically, the cab cooling module 104 is disposed downstream of the shut-off valve 103.
Fig. 1c is a schematic structural diagram of a second cooling branch according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1c, the second cooling branch is provided with an electronic expansion valve 105 and a heat exchanger 106.
Specifically, the heat exchanger 106 may be disposed downstream of the electronic expansion valve 105.
Fig. 1d is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling circuit for a power battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1d, a heat exchanger 106, a power battery pack 107 and a water supply module 108 are provided on the power battery cooling circuit.
Specifically, one end of the power battery pack 107 is connected downstream of the heat exchanger 106, and the other end is connected upstream of the water supply module 108.
Fig. 1e is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation system of an electric excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1e, a refrigeration branch comprising a compressor 101 and a condenser 102 connected in sequence; a first cooling branch, one end of which is communicated with the downstream of the condenser 102, and the other end of which is communicated with the upstream of the compressor 101, wherein a stop valve 103 and a cab cooling module 104 are arranged on the first cooling branch; a second cooling branch, one end of which is communicated with the downstream of the condenser 102, and the other end of which is communicated with the upstream of the compressor 101, wherein an electronic expansion valve 105 and a heat exchanger 106 are arranged on the second cooling branch; the power battery cooling loop is provided with a heat exchanger 106, a power battery pack 107 and a water supply module 108, and heat exchange is performed between the power battery cooling loop and the second cooling branch through the heat exchanger 106; the control module comprises a water tank communicated with the downstream of the power battery pack, and a thermal management controller 109 acquires the corresponding cell temperature of the power battery pack 107 through a temperature sensor 110 and controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 105 and the on-off state of the stop valve 103 according to the cell temperature so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch.
In this embodiment, the compressor 101 may be used to convert low pressure gas into high temperature and high pressure gas. The condenser 102 may be used to convert high temperature and high pressure gas output from the compressor 101 into low temperature and high pressure liquid. The shutoff valve 103 is used for shutting off the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch from flowing to the cab cooling module 104. The cab cooling module 104 may be configured to cool the cab according to a refrigerant in the cooling branch. The water supply module 108 may be used to drive the flow of coolant in the power cell cooling circuit. Alternatively, the power battery pack 107 may be provided in a power battery box to insulate and waterproof the power battery pack.
In a specific embodiment, for the first cooling branch, a shut-off valve 103 and a cab cooling module 104 may be disposed in sequence downstream of the condenser 102 to shut off the refrigerant of the cooling branch from flowing to the cab cooling module 104. For the second cooling branch, an electronic expansion valve 105 may be disposed downstream of the condenser 102 to control the flow of refrigerant to the power cell cooling circuit. Then, part of the heat of the power battery pack 107 can be transferred to the refrigerant in the power battery cooling circuit through the heat exchanger 106 to realize power battery cooling.
For example, in the case of cooling only the power battery pack 107, the shut-off valve 103 may be closed, and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 105 may be adjusted to a preset maximum opening degree to distribute the refrigerant of the cooling branch entirely to the second cooling branch.
In the case of cooling only the cab, the shutoff valve 103 may be opened, and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 105 may be adjusted to a preset minimum opening degree to distribute the refrigerant of the cooling branch entirely to the first cooling branch.
In the case of simultaneously cooling the power battery pack 107 and the cab, the stop valve 103 may be opened, and the opening of the electronic expansion valve 105 may be adjusted according to the preset power battery pack inlet coolant temperature, so that the coolant of the cooling branch is distributed to the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch.
The advantage of setting like this is that, compare in current electric excavator cooling system, driver's cabin and power battery group respectively adopt one set of independent cooling device, lead to each set of cooling device mutual interference, the radiating effect is not good. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the cab and the power battery pack share the compressor and the condenser through the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch respectively, so that the air duct blockage of the excavator is avoided, and the heat dissipation effect is improved. Secondly, because the technical scheme of the embodiment reduces the number of repeated parts, the cost of heat dissipation management of the electric excavator is reduced. Finally, since the heat dissipation system of the electric excavator in the present embodiment can be distributed in the electric excavator, the space utilization rate of the electric excavator is improved.
The technical scheme of this embodiment provides an electric excavator cooling system, and this electric excavator cooling system includes: the refrigeration branch comprises a compressor and a condenser which are connected in sequence; one end of the first cooling branch is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, the other end of the first cooling branch is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, and a stop valve and a cab cooling module are arranged on the first cooling branch; one end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, the other end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, and an electronic expansion valve and a heat exchanger are arranged on the second cooling branch; the power battery cooling loop is provided with a heat exchanger, a power battery pack and a water supply module, and heat exchange is performed between the power battery cooling loop and the second cooling branch through the heat exchanger; the control module comprises a thermal management controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the thermal management controller obtains the temperature of a battery cell corresponding to the power battery pack through the temperature sensor, and controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery cell so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigerating branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch, so that the problems that a set of independent heat dissipation equipment is adopted by a cab and the power battery pack, the number of repeated parts is large, and the cost is high are solved, the cost for carrying out heat dissipation management on the electric excavator is reduced, and the heat dissipation effect and the space utilization rate are improved.
Example two
Fig. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of another heat dissipation system for an electric excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the present embodiment is further optimized and expanded based on the foregoing embodiments, and may be combined with various alternative solutions in the foregoing embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2a, the heat dissipation system of an electric excavator disclosed in this embodiment includes: a refrigeration branch including a compressor 101 and a condenser 102; a first cooling branch comprising a shut-off valve 103 and a cab cooling module 104; a second cooling branch comprising an electronic expansion valve 105 and a heat exchanger 106; a power cell cooling circuit comprising a power cell stack 107 and a water supply module; a control module comprising a thermal management controller 109 and a temperature sensor 110.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2a, the cab cooling module 104 includes an expansion valve 201, and an evaporator 202 coupled to the expansion valve 201.
In the present embodiment, one end of the expansion valve 201 is connected downstream of the shutoff valve 103, and the other end is connected upstream of the evaporator 202. The expansion valve 201 is configured to receive the refrigerant output from the condenser 102 and atomize the refrigerant when the shutoff valve 103 is opened. In practical application, the vaporous refrigerant output by the expansion valve 201 can be gasified by the evaporator 202 to absorb heat in the cab, so as to achieve the effect of cab refrigeration.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2a, the water supply module includes a water tank 203, a water inlet of the water tank 203 is connected with the power battery pack 107, and a water outlet of the water tank 203 is connected with a coolant pump 204; a first flow valve 205 is provided between the coolant pump 204 and the heat exchanger 106.
In this embodiment, the water tank 203 may be used to store the cooling liquid. The coolant pump 204 may be used to receive and drive the coolant output by the water tank 203 for circulation within the power cell cooling circuit. The first flow valve 205 may be used to regulate flow to the power cell coolant circuit.
Specifically, the coolant of the tank 203 may be delivered to the first flow valve 205 by the coolant pump 204. Then, the opening degree of the first flow valve 205 may be controlled by the thermal management controller 109, thereby controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid corresponding to the heat exchanger 106. Finally, the power battery pack 107 may be cooled by the heat exchanger 106.
Fig. 2b is a schematic structural diagram of a third cooling branch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
In addition to the above embodiment, optionally, as shown in fig. 2b, the heat dissipation system of the electric excavator further includes a third cooling branch; one end of the third cooling branch is communicated with the water outlet of the coolant pump 204, the other end of the third cooling branch is communicated with the water inlet of the water tank 203, a second flow valve 206, an electric driving system 207 and a radiator assembly 208 are arranged on the third cooling branch, and the radiator assembly 208 is located upstream of the electric driving system 207.
In this embodiment, the second flow valve 206 has one end that is in communication with the coolant pump 204 downstream and the other end that is in communication with the radiator assembly 208 upstream. An electric drive system 207 is provided downstream of the radiator assembly 208, and a water tank 203 is provided downstream of the electric drive system 207.
Specifically, the second flow valve 206 is configured to control a flow rate of the cooling fluid corresponding to the third cooling branch, that is, a flow rate of the cooling fluid delivered to the radiator assembly 208. The radiator assembly 208 may include a water inlet chamber, a water outlet chamber, a radiator, and the like. The radiator assembly 208 is used for absorbing heat of the electric drive system 207 according to the cooling liquid to realize cooling of the electric drive system 207. The electric drive system 207 may include drive motors, transmissions, power inverters, motor controllers, and the like.
The advantage of setting like this is that, compare in prior art electric drive system and power battery group respectively adopts a set of independent cooling device, leads to each cooling device to correspond the flow field mutual interference, and the complete machine wind channel is unobstructed. According to the technical scheme, through adjusting the first flow valve and the second flow valve, the flow of the cooling liquid distributed to the power battery cooling loop and the third cooling branch is controlled, the electric driving system and the power battery pack share one set of cooling water pump and pipelines of the cooling water pump, the situation that repeated parts block the air duct of the whole excavator more is avoided, the heat dissipation effect is improved, and the cost for heat dissipation management of the electric excavator is reduced. Secondly, the electric excavator of the embodiment adopts integrated heat dissipation, so that a heat dissipation flow field is smoother, and the heat dissipation effect and the service life of parts such as a power battery are improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2a, the control module further includes: a first temperature-pressure sensor 209 and a second temperature-pressure sensor 210; the first temperature and pressure sensor 209 is arranged on a line between the compressor 101 and the heat exchanger 106; the second temperature and pressure sensor 210 is disposed on a line between the condenser 102 and the electronic expansion valve 105; the first temperature and pressure sensor 209 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 210 are electrically connected to the thermal management controller 109, and the first temperature and pressure sensor 209 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 210 are used for monitoring the state of the cooling liquid corresponding to the refrigeration branch.
In practice, the thermal management controller 109 may receive the cooling fluid states (such as temperature and pressure) obtained by the first temperature and pressure sensor 209 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 210, and adjust the electronic expansion valve 105 according to the cooling fluid temperature, so as to implement cooling of the power battery pack. Alternatively, the thermal management controller 109 may adjust the electronic expansion valve 105 and the stop valve 103 according to the cooling fluid pressure, so as to avoid damage to the compressor 101 and failure of the refrigeration branch.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2a, the control module further includes: a pressure switch 211 electrically connected to the thermal management controller 109; the pressure switch 211 is used for alarming when the pressure of the cooling fluid in the corresponding pipeline of the compressor 101 is greater than or equal to a preset pressure threshold.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2a, the control module further includes: the electronic fan 212 is electrically connected to the thermal management controller 109, and the electronic fan 212 is used for dissipating heat from the condenser 102.
Specifically, the rotational speed of the electronic fan 212 may be controlled by the thermal management controller 109 according to preset calibration data to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the refrigerant, the condenser 102, and the electric drive system 207.
The advantage of setting up like this is that through setting up electronic fan, improved the air flowability of electric excavator cooling system, and then improved the heat dispersion of electric excavator.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2a, the control module further includes: a water temperature sensor 213.
In the present embodiment, the water temperature sensor 213 is electrically connected to the thermal management controller 109. A water temperature sensor 213 is provided on the line between the cooling water pump 204 and the first flow valve 205 for monitoring the coolant temperature of the power cell cooling circuit.
The power battery pack is enabled to work in the optimal battery core temperature range all the time through the arrangement of the temperature sensor and the water temperature sensor, and the service life of the power battery is prolonged.
The technical scheme of this embodiment provides an electric excavator cooling system, and this electric excavator cooling system includes: the system comprises a refrigeration branch, a first cooling branch, a second cooling branch, a third cooling branch, a power battery cooling loop and a control module; the first cooling branch comprises a stop valve and a cab cooling module, and the cab cooling module comprises an expansion valve and an evaporator connected with the expansion valve; the power battery cooling loop comprises a power battery pack, a water supply module and a heat exchanger; the water supply module includes: the water inlet of the water tank is connected with the power battery pack, and the water outlet of the water tank is connected with a coolant pump; a first flow valve is arranged between the coolant pump and the heat exchanger; the first flow valve is used for adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid output by the cooling liquid pump; one end of the third cooling branch is communicated with a water outlet of the coolant pump, the other end of the third cooling branch is communicated with a water inlet of the water tank, a second flow valve, an electric driving system and a radiator assembly are arranged on the third cooling branch, and the radiator assembly is positioned at the upstream of the electric driving system; the control module comprises a thermal management controller, a temperature sensor, a first temperature pressure sensor and a second temperature pressure sensor, so that the problems that a set of independent heat dissipation equipment is adopted by a cab, a power battery pack and an electric drive system, repeated parts are more, and the cost is high are solved, the cost of heat dissipation management of the electric excavator is reduced, and the heat dissipation effect and the space utilization rate are improved. Secondly, the heat dissipation system of the electric excavator adopts integrated heat dissipation, so that the energy utilization rate of the heat dissipation system is improved, and the cruising ability of the electric excavator is further improved. Finally, integrated heat dissipation can effectively reduce the noise of the whole machine, and driving experience is improved.
Example III
Fig. 3a is a flowchart of a heat dissipation method for an electric excavator according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where the present embodiment is further optimized and expanded based on the foregoing embodiments, and may be combined with various optional technical solutions in the foregoing embodiments.
As shown in fig. 3a, the heat dissipation method of an electric excavator disclosed in this embodiment is applied to the thermal management controller of any embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:
s110, acquiring the temperature of the battery cell corresponding to the power battery pack through a temperature sensor.
In this embodiment, the cell temperature may include a maximum cell temperature, a minimum cell temperature, an average cell temperature, and the like.
And S120, controlling the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery cell so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch.
Specifically, the state of the electric shovel can be first obtained. The electric excavator state may include an operating state, a charging state, and the like. Then, when the electric excavator is in a working state or a charging state, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve can be controlled according to the temperature of the battery cell.
In a specific embodiment, if the battery cell temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold value in a state of charge of the electric excavator, the stop valve may be closed, and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve may be adjusted according to a first preset temperature (e.g., 15 ℃ ±5 ℃). The first preset temperature may be a temperature of the coolant required at the inlet of the power battery pack when the preset electric excavator is in a charged state.
Fig. 3b is a flowchart of a method for cooling a power battery pack and a cab, respectively, according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
For example, as shown in fig. 3b, first, it may be judged whether the electric excavator is in an operating state. If the electric shovel is not in an operating state, it may be determined whether the electric shovel is in a charged state. If yes, whether the cooling condition of the power battery is met can be judged according to the temperature of the battery core. If the cell temperature meets the power battery cooling condition (i.e., the cell temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold), the shut-off valve may be closed and the corresponding opening of the sub-expansion valve and the first flow valve may be set to a preset maximum opening.
If the electric shovel is in an operating state, it can be judged whether to cool the power battery pack or the cab. If so, the electronic expansion valve and the first flow valve may be adjusted.
In an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, controlling the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off state of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery cell, so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch, includes: if the maximum cell temperature is greater than or equal to the maximum cell temperature threshold and the average cell temperature is greater than or equal to the average cell temperature threshold, the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch is cut off from flowing to the cab cooling module by closing the cut-off valve; if the maximum cell temperature is smaller than the maximum cell temperature threshold or the average cell temperature is smaller than the average cell temperature threshold, setting the opening of the electronic expansion valve to be a preset minimum opening, so that the refrigerants of the refrigerating branch are all distributed to the first cooling branch, and the cab refrigeration is realized.
In a specific embodiment, for a scenario of cooling only the power battery pack, the electric excavator is in a charging state, if the maximum cell temperature is greater than or equal to the maximum cell temperature threshold value and the average cell temperature is greater than or equal to the average cell temperature threshold value, the stop valve may be closed, the opening corresponding to the second flow valve is reduced, and the opening of the first flow valve is set to be a preset maximum opening, so that the power battery pack is cooled with the maximum refrigerating capacity. Specifically, the preset maximum opening may be 100%.
The advantage of this setting is that, because the excavator is in the state of charge, and operating temperature and the power that generates heat that power battery group corresponds are biggest, and the calorific capacity that electric drive system corresponds is minimum, therefore the technical scheme of this embodiment is through closed stop valve and will set the aperture of first flow valve to predetermine maximum aperture, can realize cooling power battery group with maximum refrigerating capacity.
For the scene of refrigerating only the cab, the electric excavator is in a working state, and if the maximum cell temperature is smaller than the maximum cell temperature threshold or the average cell temperature is smaller than the average cell temperature threshold, an instrument refrigerating instruction can be received through the thermal management controller, and the opening of the electronic expansion valve is controlled to be a preset minimum opening, so that the refrigerant of the refrigerating branch is circulated only to the cab. Specifically, the preset minimum opening may be 0%. At this time, the coolant flow of the electric drive system prioritizes the power battery, adjusts the opening of the second flow valve to a preset maximum opening, and makes the opening of the first flow valve constant, so that the power battery pack keeps circulating corresponding to the coolant.
The advantage of this setting is that, because the cab refrigeration only allows to turn on when the excavator is in the operating condition, forbids to turn on when the excavator charges, therefore the technical scheme of this embodiment is through setting the aperture of the electronic expansion valve to the minimum aperture of predetermineeing to keep the aperture of first flow valve invariable, can realize refrigerating the cab with maximum refrigerating capacity, makes the power battery pack keep circulating corresponding coolant simultaneously.
For the scene of simultaneously refrigerating the cab and the power battery pack, the electric excavator is in a working state, and if the maximum battery cell temperature is greater than or equal to the maximum battery cell temperature threshold value and the average battery cell temperature is greater than or equal to the average battery cell temperature threshold value, the opening of the electronic expansion valve can be controlled according to a calibration table and a preset calibration value. The opening degree of the first flow valve and the second flow valve is adjusted according to a second preset temperature (e.g., 18 ℃ + -5 ℃). The second preset temperature may be a set coolant temperature at an inlet of the power battery pack when the electric excavator is in a working state.
The advantage of setting like this is that because compare the state of charge, when the excavator was in operating condition, power battery's heating power is less, therefore the technical scheme of this embodiment is through opening the stop valve to the aperture of second preset temperature regulation first flow valve and second flow valve can realize simultaneously refrigerating electric drive system, power battery and driver's cabin.
Fig. 3c is a flow chart of a method for simultaneously cooling a power battery pack and an electric drive system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
For example, as shown in fig. 3c, it is determined whether the electric shovel is in a charged state. If so, the second flow valve may be closed and the first flow valve may be adjusted according to the first preset temperature. The cooling liquid can then be fed via the first flow valve to the heat exchanger by means of a cooling water pump. Thereafter, the power battery pack may be cooled by a heat exchanger using a cooling liquid. Finally, the used cooling liquid is stored to a water tank.
If not, judging whether to refrigerate the power battery pack according to the temperature of the battery cell. And if the power battery pack is refrigerated, adjusting the first flow valve and the second flow valve according to the first preset temperature. If the power battery pack is not started for refrigeration, the first flow valve is closed, and the second flow valve is regulated. The electric drive system may then be cooled by the radiator assembly using the coolant output via the second flow valve. Finally, the used cooling liquid is stored to a water tank.
According to the technical scheme, the temperature of the battery cell corresponding to the power battery pack is obtained through the temperature sensor; the opening of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve are controlled according to the temperature of the battery cell, so that the refrigerant of the refrigerating branch is distributed to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch, the problems that a set of independent cooling equipment is adopted by a cab, a power battery pack and an electric driving system, so that repeated parts are more and the cost is high are solved, the cost of heat dissipation management of the electric excavator is reduced, and the heat dissipation effect and the space utilization rate are improved.
Example IV
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the structure of an electric shovel 10 that may be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the electric excavator 10 includes at least one thermal management controller 11, and a memory such as a Read Only Memory (ROM) 12, a Random Access Memory (RAM) 13, etc. communicatively connected to the at least one thermal management controller 11, wherein the memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one thermal management controller, and the thermal management controller 11 may perform various suitable actions and processes according to the computer programs stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM) 12 or the computer programs loaded from the storage unit 18 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electric shovel 10 can also be stored. The thermal management controller 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to bus 14.
Various components in the electric shovel 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16 such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 18 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 19 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electric shovel 10 to exchange information/data with other devices through a computer network, such as the internet, and/or various telecommunications networks.
Thermal management controller 11 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of thermal management controller 11 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various thermal management controllers running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal thermal management controllers (DSPs), and any suitable thermal management controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The thermal management controller 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the electric shovel heat dissipation method.
In some embodiments, the electric shovel heat dissipation method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied on a computer-readable storage medium, such as the storage unit 18. In some embodiments, some or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electric shovel 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by thermal management controller 11, one or more steps of the electric shovel heat dissipation method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, thermal management controller 11 may be configured to perform the electric shovel heat dissipation method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), systems On Chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable thermal management controller, which may be a special purpose or general purpose programmable thermal management controller, that may receive data and instructions from, and transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
A computer program for carrying out methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a thermal management controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the computer programs, when executed by the thermal management controller, cause the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks to be implemented. The computer program may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electric shovel having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) through which a user can provide input to the electric shovel. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a background component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such background, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the internet.
The computing system may include clients and servers. The client and server are typically remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical hosts and VPS service are overcome.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention are achieved, and the present invention is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electric shovel heat dissipation system, comprising:
the refrigeration branch comprises a compressor and a condenser which are connected in sequence;
a first cooling branch, one end of which is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, and the other end of which is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, wherein a stop valve and a cab cooling module are arranged on the first cooling branch;
one end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the downstream of the condenser, the other end of the second cooling branch is communicated with the upstream of the compressor, and an electronic expansion valve and a heat exchanger are arranged on the second cooling branch;
The power battery cooling loop is provided with a heat exchanger, a power battery pack and a water supply module, and heat exchange is performed between the power battery cooling loop and the second cooling branch through the heat exchanger;
the control module comprises a thermal management controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the thermal management controller obtains the temperature of a battery cell corresponding to the power battery pack through the temperature sensor, and controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery cell so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch.
2. The electric excavator heat removal system of claim 1 wherein the cab cooling module comprises:
an expansion valve, and an evaporator connected with the expansion valve.
3. The electric excavator heat removal system of claim 1 wherein the water supply module comprises:
the water inlet of the water tank is connected with the power battery pack, and the water outlet of the water tank is connected with a coolant pump;
a first flow valve is arranged between the coolant pump and the heat exchanger;
the first flow valve is used for adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid output by the cooling liquid pump.
4. The electric shovel heat dissipation system according to claim 3, further comprising a third cooling branch;
one end of the third cooling branch is communicated with the water outlet of the coolant pump, the other end of the third cooling branch is communicated with the water inlet of the water tank, a second flow valve, an electric driving system and a radiator assembly are arranged on the third cooling branch, and the radiator assembly is located at the upstream of the electric driving system.
5. The electric shovel heat dissipation system according to claim 1, wherein the control module further comprises: a first temperature pressure sensor and a second temperature pressure sensor;
the first temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a circuit between the compressor and the heat exchanger;
the second temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a circuit between the condenser and the electronic expansion valve;
the first temperature pressure sensor and the second temperature pressure sensor are electrically connected with the thermal management controller, and the first temperature pressure sensor and the second temperature pressure sensor are used for monitoring the state of cooling liquid corresponding to the refrigeration branch.
6. The electric shovel heat dissipation system according to claim 1, wherein the control module further comprises: a pressure switch electrically connected to the thermal management controller;
And the pressure switch is used for alarming when the pressure of the cooling fluid in the corresponding pipeline of the compressor is greater than or equal to a preset pressure threshold value.
7. The electric shovel heat dissipation system according to claim 1, wherein the control module further comprises: and the electronic fan is electrically connected with the thermal management controller and is used for radiating heat of the condenser.
8. An electric shovel heat dissipation method, wherein the electric shovel heat dissipation method is applied to the electric shovel heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises:
acquiring the temperature of a battery cell corresponding to the power battery pack through a temperature sensor;
and controlling the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off state of the stop valve according to the temperature of the battery core so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch.
9. The heat dissipation method of an electric excavator according to claim 8, wherein the cell temperature includes a maximum cell temperature and an average cell temperature, and the controlling the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the on-off of the stop valve according to the cell temperature so as to distribute the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch to the first cooling branch and/or the second cooling branch includes:
If the maximum battery cell temperature is greater than or equal to the maximum battery cell temperature threshold and the average battery cell temperature is greater than or equal to the average battery cell temperature threshold, closing the stop valve to stop the refrigerant of the refrigeration branch from flowing to the cab cooling module;
if the maximum cell temperature is smaller than the maximum cell temperature threshold or the average cell temperature is smaller than the average cell temperature threshold, setting the opening of the electronic expansion valve to be a preset minimum opening, so that the refrigerants of the refrigerating branch are all distributed to the first cooling branch, and cab refrigeration is realized.
10. An electric excavator, characterized in that the electric excavator comprises:
the electric shovel heat dissipation system of any one of claims 1-9; and
at least one memory, the electric excavator heat dissipation system comprising a thermal management controller, the memory being in communication with the thermal management controller; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one thermal management controller to enable the at least one thermal management controller to perform the electric shovel heat dissipation method of any one of claims 8-9.
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| CN202311670306.3A CN117432022A (en) | 2023-12-06 | 2023-12-06 | Electric excavator heat dissipation system and method and electric excavator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311670306.3A CN117432022A (en) | 2023-12-06 | 2023-12-06 | Electric excavator heat dissipation system and method and electric excavator |
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