CN117431664A - Superfine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Superfine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117431664A
CN117431664A CN202311622261.2A CN202311622261A CN117431664A CN 117431664 A CN117431664 A CN 117431664A CN 202311622261 A CN202311622261 A CN 202311622261A CN 117431664 A CN117431664 A CN 117431664A
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China
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alkaline earth
hexaaluminate
fiber
inorganic fiber
earth hexaaluminate
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CN202311622261.2A
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Inventor
袁康康
陈云昆
靳晓彤
代佳妮
陈晋
黄运龙
李呈顺
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Qilu University of Technology
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Qilu University of Technology
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrafine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the diameter of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber is 0.1-3.0 mu m, and the diameter is continuously adjustable within the range, and the prepared alkaline earth hexaaluminate fiber keeps fiber flexibility within the temperature range from room temperature to high temperature 1300 ℃, keeps fiber crystalline phase stable at high temperature 1400 ℃ and has complete fiber morphology. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing and dissolving aluminum sol, alkaline earth salt and high molecular polymer in water to obtain sol, and then carrying out electrostatic spinning to obtain precursor fiber, wherein the precursor fiber is subjected to high-temperature heat treatment to obtain alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber. The invention has low cost and good fiber structure stability, and has wide application prospect in the fields of catalysts, catalyst carriers, fiber structure reinforcement, heat insulation, heat preservation and the like.

Description

Superfine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrafine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of inorganic nonmetallic materials.
Background
Alkaline earth hexaaluminates, hexaSquare layered structure with magnetoplumbite and beta-Al as main crystal structure 2 O 3 Wherein the calcium hexaaluminate and the strontium hexaaluminate are of magnetoplumbite type structure, and the barium hexaaluminate is beta-Al 2 O 3 Type (2). The structure of the type not only has the advantages of high melting point, stable high-temperature structure, good sintering resistance, high thermal resistance, high specific surface area, good structural adjustability, strong thermal shock resistance and the like, but also is widely studied in the fields of structural reinforcement, high-temperature heat insulation, catalysts, catalyst carriers and the like. In various material forms, the one-dimensional fiber structure and fiber products thereof have the characteristics of light weight, large specific surface area, low heat conductivity, high porosity, high air permeability and the like, and the preparation of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate fiber is realized by the structure of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate phase, so that the application advantages of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate in the fields of high-temperature heat insulation, structural reinforcement, catalyst carrier and the like can be further improved.
At present, the research work of alkaline earth hexaaluminate is mainly focused on the preparation of powder with high specific surface area and the application research of the powder in the fields of catalysts and catalyst carriers, for example, patent CN202110105190.3 discloses a hexaaluminate catalyst and a method for preparing sulfur by adopting the hexaaluminate catalyst to selectively oxidize hydrogen sulfide under the medium-high temperature condition, and the catalyst shows high catalytic activity under the medium-high temperature condition; in addition, alkaline earth hexaaluminates can also be used as thermal barrier coating materials in the high temperature field, for example, patent CN109023203a discloses a method for preparing a stable crystalline hexaaluminate thermal barrier coating which has good phase stability and thermal shock cycle resistance at high temperatures. Whereas the reports for alkaline earth hexaaluminate fibres are rare. In order to make up for the defect of the research of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate fiber, a new method and a new product are provided for the application of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate fiber in the field of catalysis, high-temperature heat insulation and heat preservation, and the invention is particularly provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of lack of research on the existing alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber, the invention provides an ultrafine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber and a preparation method thereof, provides a new form for the application of alkaline earth hexaaluminate materials, and provides a new thought and new products for the development of alkaline earth hexaaluminate fibers and fiber products and the application thereof in the fields of high-temperature heat insulation and preservation, high-temperature catalysis and catalyst carriers.
The molecular formula of the superfine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber prepared by the invention is AAl 12 O 19 (a=ca, sr, ba), the ultrafine fiber diameter is 0.1 μm to 3.0 μm and is continuously adjustable within this range, the alkaline earth hexaaluminate fiber maintains the fiber flexibility in the temperature range of room temperature to high temperature 1300 ℃, and maintains the fiber crystalline phase stability and the fiber morphology integrity at high temperature 1400 ℃.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
according to the invention, a preparation method of superfine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fibers comprises the following steps:
(a) Preparation of alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor sols
Respectively adding a raw material aluminum source and an alkaline earth source into solvent water according to the molar ratio of metal ions of aluminum to alkaline earth metal= (11-12): (0.25-3), and stirring and dissolving to obtain alkaline earth hexaaluminate solution with the mass fraction of 8-30%; adding 0.2-10% of high molecular polymer into alkaline earth hexaaluminate solution under the condition of heating and stirring at 20-90 ℃ to fully dissolve to prepare alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor sol;
(b) Preparation of alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fibers
Preparing alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor fiber from the alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor sol obtained in the step (a) through an electrostatic spinning method, then carrying out heat treatment on the alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor fiber to 450-600 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-10 ℃/min under an atmosphere condition, and preserving heat for 0-4 h; then heat-treating to 1000-1300 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-4 h to obtain the alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber.
According to the invention, the molar ratio of the aluminum source to the alkaline earth source in the step (a) is (0.5-1.5) that of aluminum to alkaline earth metal= (11-12);
according to the invention, preferably, the spinning aid in the step (a) is one or a combination of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol;
according to the invention, the mass fraction of the spinning aid in the step (a) is as follows: 0.5 to 8 percent;
according to the invention, the process conditions of the electrospinning method in the step (b) are as follows: the sol injection rate is 0.8-2.2 mL/h, the spinning voltage is 14-35 kV, the fiber receiving distance is 12-35 cm, the spinning environment temperature is 20-45 ℃, and the spinning environment humidity is 20-55%.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the atmosphere of step (b) is an air atmosphere.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat treatment schedule of step (b) is: heat-treating to 400-600 deg.C at the rate of 2-5 deg.C/min, then heat-treating to 1050-1200 deg.C at the rate of 4-10 deg.C/min, and preserving heat for 1-2 h to obtain the superfine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber.
The invention has the following excellent effects:
1. the raw materials used by the invention have wide sources, low cost, low requirements on spinning environment and easy realization of spinning conditions.
2. The diameter of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber prepared by the invention is 0.1-3.0 mu m, the fiber flexibility is kept in the temperature range from room temperature to high temperature 1300 ℃, and the crystalline phase stability and the integrity of the fiber form are kept at the high temperature 1400 ℃.
3. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber phase prepared by the invention is prepared from hexagonal AAl 12 O 19 (a=ca, sr, ba) and the microstructure of the fiber is platelet or equiaxed crystal, with excellent high Wen Jingxiang stability and microstructural stability.
4. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber prepared by the invention has excellent high-temperature stability and microstructure stability, so that the alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber has wide application prospect in the fields of catalysts, catalyst carriers, fiber structure reinforcement, heat insulation, heat preservation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical photograph of the calcium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber film obtained in example 1 heat-treated to 1200 ℃
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a heat-treated calcium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber membrane obtained in example 1 to 1200 DEG C
FIG. 3 is an XRD pattern of the barium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber obtained in example 3 heat-treated to 1200 ℃
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the heat-treated barium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber obtained in example 3 to 1200 DEG C
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by way of example, but not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The starting materials used in the examples were all commercially available.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the superfine calcium hexaluminate inorganic fiber comprises the following steps:
(a) Adding 3.00g of water into 10.00g of aluminum hydroxychloride sol with the mass fraction of 24wt% to obtain aluminum sol, adding calcium acetate into the aluminum sol according to the molar ratio Al: ca=11:1, then adding 0.12g of polyethylene oxide, stirring and dissolving to obtain calcium hexaaluminate precursor sol.
(b) Preparing calcium hexaaluminate precursor fiber by an electrostatic spinning method, wherein the electrostatic spinning process conditions are as follows: the ambient humidity is 30-40%, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃, the injection rate is 0.8mL/h, the voltage is 16kV, and the spinning distance is 18cm. And (3) carrying out heat treatment on the obtained calcium hexaaluminate precursor fiber to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min under an air condition, then carrying out heat treatment to 1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation for 2 hours to obtain the calcium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber. The prepared inorganic fiber membrane of calcium hexaaluminate is shown in fig. 1, and the SEM image of the fiber membrane is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2:
preparation method of superfine strontium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber
As described in example 1, except that calcium acetate in step (a) was replaced with strontium acetate.
Example 3:
preparation method of superfine barium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber
As described in example 1, except that calcium acetate was replaced with barium acetate in step (a) with a molar ratio of Al: ca=11:1 replaced with Al: ba=12:0.5. The XRD pattern of the prepared barium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber is shown in figure 3, and the SEM pattern is shown in figure 4.
Example 4:
superfine multicomponent calcium strontium barium hexaaluminate (Ca 0.33 Sr 0.33 Ba 0.33 Al 12 O 19 ) The inorganic fibers were prepared as described in example 1, except that in step (a) the calcium acetate was replaced with calcium acetate, strontium acetate, barium acetate, and the molar ratio Al: ca=11:1 was replaced with Al: ca: ba=12:0.33:0.33:0.33.
Example 5:
preparation method of superfine calcium hexaaluminate inorganic fiber
As described in example 1, except that the calcium acetate in step (a) was replaced with calcium nitrate and the co-spinning agent polyethylene oxide was replaced with polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Claims (7)

1. An ultrafine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber is characterized in that the diameter of the alkaline earth hexaaluminate fiber is 0.1-3.0 mu m, the fiber flexibility is kept in the temperature range from room temperature to high temperature 1300 ℃, and the crystalline phase of the fiber is kept stable and the fiber form is complete at high temperature 1400 ℃;
the alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber is prepared by the following steps:
(a) Preparation of alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor sols
Respectively adding a raw material aluminum source and an alkaline earth source into solvent water according to the molar ratio of metal ions of aluminum to alkaline earth metal= (11-12): (0.25-3), and stirring and dissolving to obtain alkaline earth hexaaluminate solution with the mass fraction of 8-30%; adding 0.2-10% of high molecular polymer into alkaline earth hexaaluminate solution under the condition of heating and stirring at 20-90 ℃ to fully dissolve to prepare alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor sol;
(b) Preparation of alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fibers
Preparing alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor fiber from the alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor sol obtained in the step (a) through an electrostatic spinning method, then carrying out heat treatment on the alkaline earth hexaaluminate precursor fiber to 450-600 ℃ at a heating rate of 0.5-10 ℃/min under an atmosphere condition, and preserving heat for 0-4 h; then heat-treating to 1000-1300 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-4 h to obtain the alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber.
2. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber of claim 1, wherein the alkaline earth hexaaluminate comprises a multicomponent hexaaluminate of one of calcium hexaaluminate, strontium hexaaluminate, barium hexaaluminate, and combinations thereof.
3. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber of claim 1, wherein the aluminum source of step (a) is one or a combination of aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxychloride, aluminum carboxylate.
4. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber of claim 1, wherein when the alkaline earth hexaaluminate is calcium hexaaluminate, the alkaline earth source of step (a) is one of calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, or a combination thereof; when the alkaline earth hexaaluminate is strontium hexaaluminate, the alkaline earth source of step (a) is one or a combination of strontium acetate, strontium nitrate, strontium chloride; when the alkaline earth hexaaluminate is barium hexaaluminate, the alkaline earth source of step (a) is barium acetate.
5. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber of claim 1, wherein the high molecular polymer of step (a) is one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, or a combination thereof.
6. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber of claim 1, wherein the electrospinning process conditions of step (b) are: the spinning distance is 6-50 cm, the spinning voltage is 6-50 kV, the sol advancing speed is 0.2-5.0 mL/h, the ambient temperature is 20-95 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 10-65%.
7. The alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber of claim 1, wherein the atmosphere of step (b) is one of air, water vapor, nitrogen, argon, or a combination thereof.
CN202311622261.2A 2023-11-30 2023-11-30 Superfine alkaline earth hexaaluminate inorganic fiber and preparation method thereof Pending CN117431664A (en)

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