CN117431555A - Electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas - Google Patents

Electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas Download PDF

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CN117431555A
CN117431555A CN202311742372.7A CN202311742372A CN117431555A CN 117431555 A CN117431555 A CN 117431555A CN 202311742372 A CN202311742372 A CN 202311742372A CN 117431555 A CN117431555 A CN 117431555A
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heat exchange
hydrogen production
gas
production device
electrolytic hydrogen
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王杭州
杨德志
马成国
崔天成
杨征
赵宝生
刘菲菲
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Petrochina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute Co ltd
Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute Co ltd
Petrochina Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202311742372.7A priority Critical patent/CN117431555A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C25B1/042—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C25B15/021—Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/67—Heating or cooling means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1258—Pre-treatment of the feed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, in particular to an electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas, which aims to solve the technical problem of energy waste caused by insufficient utilization of a large amount of associated gas in an oilfield. The invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas, which comprises a desulfurizer, a water vapor generation device, a reformer, a fuel cell and an electrolytic hydrogen production device, wherein the desulfurizer is used for removing sulfur elements in oilfield associated gas, and the water vapor generation device is used for generating water vapor; the reformer comprises a reforming cavity, steam and desulfurized oilfield associated gas can generate reforming reaction in the reforming cavity and generate combustible gas, the combustible gas can react on a fuel cell and generate electricity, and the generated electric energy can be used for an electrolytic hydrogen production device, so that in the hydrogen production process, the electricity generation device is not required to be additionally arranged, the electric energy is greatly saved, the production cost of enterprises is reduced, and the energy of the associated gas is stored by utilizing hydrogen.

Description

Electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to an electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas.
Background
The existing oil field contains a large amount of associated gas, the associated gas is not fully utilized at present, so that energy waste is caused, and in addition, a generator is required to be additionally arranged for generating electricity in the electrolytic hydrogen production process, so that the generation cost is increased.
Therefore, how to realize reasonable utilization of energy is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas, which aims to solve the technical problem that a large amount of associated gas in an oilfield is not fully utilized and energy is wasted by converting the energy of the associated gas into hydrogen energy for storage.
According to the invention, the reformed oilfield associated gas is sequentially connected with the reformer and the fuel cell, so that the oilfield associated gas can be fully utilized in the fuel cell as combustible gas, the solid oxide fuel cell is matched with the solid oxide electrolytic hydrogen production device for use, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is supplied to the electrolytic hydrogen production device, the electrolytic hydrogen production device utilizes the electric energy generated by the fuel cell to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen can be used as energy for storage for standby, so that the energy of the associated gas is stored by utilizing the hydrogen. Namely, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on the oilfield associated gas is an energy storage system for efficiently storing the energy of the associated gas by utilizing hydrogen.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas, which comprises: the desulfurizer is used for removing sulfur elements in the oilfield associated gas to obtain oilfield associated gas capable of being reformed; a water vapor generating device for generating water vapor; the reformer comprises a reforming cavity, the reforming cavity is connected with the desulfurizer and the steam generating device, and steam output by the steam generating device and desulfurized oilfield associated gas can generate reforming reaction in the reforming cavity and combustible gas; the first input end of the fuel cell is connected with the reforming cavity, and the combustible gas can perform oxidation reaction on the fuel cell so as to enable the fuel cell to generate electricity; the electrolytic hydrogen production device is connected with the fuel cell, and the electrode output end of the fuel cell can supply power for the electrolytic hydrogen production device.
The electrolytic hydrogen production device based on the oilfield associated gas comprises a desulfurizer, a steam generation device, a reformer, a fuel cell and an electrolytic hydrogen production device, wherein the desulfurizer is used for removing sulfur elements in the oilfield associated gas, so that poisoning failure of the fuel cell and the output of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide in the later period can be avoided, the environment is prevented from being polluted by the harmful gases, the human health is endangered, and the steam generation device is used for generating steam; the reformer comprises a reforming cavity, the reforming cavity is connected with the desulfurizer and the steam generating device, steam and desulfurized oilfield associated gas can generate reforming reaction in the reforming cavity and combustible gas is generated, wherein the reforming cavity contains a heating device for heating materials in the reforming reaction to reach the temperature required by the reforming reaction, and a specific reforming reaction equation comprises the following reaction equation:
CH 4 +H 2 O→CO+3H 2 ；ΔH=206kj/mol；
CH 4 +2H 2 O→CO 2 +4H 2 ；ΔH=165kj/mol；
It can be appreciated that the main component in the associated gas is methane, so that methane and steam can be subjected to reforming reaction; further, fuel cell and reforming chamber are connected, the combustible gas can take place oxidation reaction on fuel cell, and then make fuel cell electricity generation, fuel cell's electrode output can also be for electrolysis hydrogen plant power supply, the oil field associated gas's of this application electrolysis hydrogen plant uses associated gas as fuel, reform through the reformer, the combustible gas that reforms produced can react and generate electricity on fuel cell again, the electric energy of production can use for electrolysis hydrogen plant again like this, in hydrogen production process, need not additionally increase power generation facility like this, great saving the electric energy, great reduction the manufacturing cost of enterprise, utilize hydrogen to store the energy of associated gas.
In the above technical scheme, the reformer further comprises a heat exchange cavity, and is capable of exchanging heat with the reforming cavity, and the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: the burner is connected with the tail gas output end of the fuel cell and the heat exchange cavity, the tail gas output after the oxidation reaction of the fuel cell can be burnt in the burner, and the combustion tail gas generated by the combustion can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the reforming cavity for the first time.
In the technical scheme, the burner is connected with the tail gas output end of the fuel cell and the heat exchange cavity, the tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell can be combusted in the burner, and the combustion tail gas generated by combustion can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the reforming cavity, so that the heat supply of the heating device in the reforming cavity to the reforming reaction is reduced, namely the heating device can ensure the smooth progress of the reforming reaction of the steam in the reforming cavity and the oilfield associated gas without high power, and the recycling of energy in the associated gas is realized. Further, the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the heat exchange cavity before heat exchange is more than or equal to 900 ℃ and less than or equal to 1000 ℃; the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the heat exchange cavity after heat exchange is more than or equal to 800 ℃ and less than or equal to 850 ℃. The tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell mainly comprises unreacted hydrogen and carbon monoxide on the fuel cell, and gases such as carbon dioxide and water vapor generated by the reaction.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: a first heat exchanger comprising: one end of the first heat exchange flow passage is respectively connected with the desulfurizer and the steam generating device, and the other end of the first heat exchange flow passage is connected with the reforming cavity and is used for heating the associated gas and the steam after desulfurization; the second heat exchange flow passage is connected with the heat exchange cavity, and the combustion tail gas after the first heat exchange can enter the second heat exchange flow passage to perform the second heat exchange with the first heat exchange flow passage.
In this technical scheme, electrolytic hydrogen plant based on oil field associated gas still includes first heat exchanger, first heat exchanger includes first heat transfer runner and second heat transfer runner, the one end of first heat transfer runner is connected with desulfurizer and vapor generation device respectively, the other end is connected with the reformer, just so can heat associated gas and vapor after the desulfurization to carry in carrying the reforming reaction to the reformer, second heat transfer runner is connected with the heat transfer chamber, the burning tail gas after the heat transfer of first time can carry out the heat transfer of second time with first heat transfer runner. Further, the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel before heat exchange is more than or equal to 800 ℃ and less than or equal to 850 ℃; the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel after heat exchange is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: a second heat exchanger comprising: one end of the third heat exchange flow passage comprises an air inlet, and the other end of the third heat exchange flow passage is connected with a second input end of the fuel cell; and the fourth heat exchange flow passage is connected with the second heat exchange flow passage, and the combustion tail gas after the second heat exchange can perform third heat exchange with the third heat exchange flow passage in the fourth heat exchange flow passage.
In this technical scheme, electrolytic hydrogen plant based on oil field associated gas still includes the second heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger includes third heat transfer runner and fourth heat transfer runner, the one end of third heat transfer runner includes air inlet, the other end is connected with fuel cell's second input, just so can be through air inlet to fuel cell input high temperature air, fourth heat transfer runner is connected with the second heat transfer runner, the burning tail gas after the second heat transfer can carry out the third heat transfer with third heat transfer runner in fourth heat transfer runner, through further carrying out heat transfer to burning tail gas, can heat to fuel cell's air, improve the utilization ratio of energy, need not to cool down the processing to the exhaust tail gas in whole in-process. Further, the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the fourth heat exchange flow channel before heat exchange is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃; the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel after heat exchange is more than or equal to 200 ℃ and less than or equal to 300 ℃.
In the above technical scheme, the steam generating device includes first steam outlet and second steam outlet, and the reforming chamber is connected with first steam outlet, and electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oil field associated gas still includes: and the heating component is connected with the second steam outlet and the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for heating the steam flowing out of the second steam outlet, and the heated steam can generate electrolytic reaction on the electrolytic hydrogen production device.
In the technical scheme, the steam generating device comprises a first steam outlet and a second steam outlet, the reforming cavity is connected with the first steam outlet, the heating component is connected with the second steam outlet and used for heating steam flowing out of the second steam outlet, the electrolytic hydrogen production device is connected with the heating component, and the heated steam can generate electrolytic reaction on the electrolytic hydrogen production device.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: a gas mixing device disposed between the second water vapor outlet and the heating assembly; the hydrogen generation device is connected with the gas mixing device and is used for generating hydrogen; the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating device and the water vapor output by the second water vapor outlet can be mixed in the gas mixing device and flow into the heating component together.
In this technical scheme, electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oil field associated gas still includes gas mixing arrangement and hydrogen generation device, gas mixing arrangement sets up between second vapor outlet and heating element, hydrogen generation device is connected with gas mixing arrangement, can produce hydrogen, the vapor that hydrogen generation device produced and second vapor outlet produced can mix in gas mixing arrangement like this to together flow into heating element in, hydrogen can prevent electrolytic hydrogen production device's negative pole by oxidation like this, also prevent nickel metal by oxidation promptly, ensure electrolytic reaction's smooth going on. It can be appreciated that the application adopts nickel metal as an electrolytic cathode, and can prevent the nickel metal from being oxidized by setting an electrolytic environment of hydrogen.
In the above technical solution, the heating assembly includes: the first heat exchange part is connected with the gas mixing device and is used for carrying out primary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor; the first electric heater is connected with the first heat exchange part and the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for carrying out secondary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor after primary heating.
In the technical scheme, the high-temperature gas waste heat is fully utilized by utilizing the first heat exchange part to preheat the mixed hydrogen and water vapor, and then the mixed hydrogen and water vapor is heated to the electrolysis temperature by utilizing the first electric heater, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the system can be improved. It can be understood that, for example, the heat generated in the boiler room firstly preheats the first heat exchange part, then the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the mixed hydrogen and water vapor, and firstly carries out primary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor, so that the heat in the boiler room can be recycled, and compared with the case of directly heating to the electrolysis temperature by the first electric heater, the utilization rate of energy sources is improved. That is, the high temperature gas waste heat originates from the gas waste heat in the boiler room. Of course, the method is not limited to the waste heat of high-temperature gas in the boiler room, and only gas with certain temperature is provided, the stored heat of the waste heat can preheat the first heat exchange part, and then the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the mixed hydrogen and water vapor, so that the energy recovery is realized. Further, the heating temperature of the primary heating is 550 ℃ or higher and 600 ℃ or lower, and the heating temperature of the secondary heating is 700 ℃ or higher and 750 ℃ or lower.
In the above technical scheme, the first steam outlet and the second steam outlet are the same outlet, and the first steam outlet and the second steam outlet are set to be the same outlet, so that the purchased steam generating device can be directly assembled without an additional opening on the steam generating device.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: the second heat exchange part is connected with the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for carrying out one-stage cooling on hydrogen generated by the cathode in the electrolytic process to a first preset temperature; the first cooler is connected with the second heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage cooling on the hydrogen subjected to first-stage cooling to a second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.
In the technical scheme, the hydrogen generated by the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device is cooled through the second heat exchange part and the first cooler, so that the recycling of the hydrogen can be realized, and the utilization rate of energy sources is improved. Further, the first preset temperature is greater than or equal to 200 ℃ and less than or equal to 250 ℃; the second preset temperature is 25 ℃ or higher and 50 ℃ or lower.
In the above technical scheme, the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part are arranged on the same heat exchanger.
In this technical scheme, first heat exchange portion and second heat exchange portion set up on same heat exchanger, for example all set up on the third heat exchanger, can understand that the third heat exchanger includes first cold junction and first hot junction, and first hot junction is used for preheating the vapor as first heat exchange portion, and first cold junction is used for cooling the hydrogen as second heat exchange portion, sets up first heat exchange portion and second heat exchange portion on same heat exchanger, just so can reduce the quantity of heat exchanger, has reduced the holistic complexity of device.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: the gas conveying component is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for conveying air to the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device so as to mix the air with oxygen generated by the anode in the electrolytic process to obtain oxygen-enriched gas; and the gas recovery component is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for recovering oxygen-enriched gas.
In the above technical solution, the gas delivery assembly includes: the blower comprises a blower opening and is used for conveying air; the third heat exchange part is connected with the air supply port and is used for heating the air sent out by the air supply port for one section; the fourth heat exchange part is connected with the third heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage heating on the air subjected to first-stage heating; the second electric heater is connected with the fourth heat exchange part and the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for carrying out three-section heating on the air after the two-section heating.
In the technical scheme, the air sent out by the air supply outlet is heated in a segmented mode, so that the utilization rate of energy sources can be improved.
In the technical scheme, the heating temperature of one-stage heating is more than or equal to 250 ℃ and less than or equal to 300 ℃; the heating temperature of the two-stage heating is more than or equal to 550 ℃ and less than or equal to 600 ℃; the heating temperature of the three-stage heating is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃.
In the above technical scheme, the air supply port is connected with the air inlet, and part of air sent out by the air supply port is sent to the third heat exchange flow channel through the air inlet, and the other part is sent to the third heat exchange part.
In the technical scheme, the air supply outlet is also connected with the air inlet, so that part of air sent out by the air supply outlet is sent into the third heat exchange flow channel through the air inlet, and the other part of air is sent into the third heat exchange part, and one fan is shared, so that the number of fans is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In the above technical solution, the gas recovery assembly includes: the return air blower is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device and comprises a return air inlet, and the return air inlet is used for recycling oxygen-enriched gas; the fifth heat exchange part is connected with the return air inlet and is used for carrying out one-stage cooling on the oxygen-enriched gas recovered by the return air inlet to a third preset temperature; and the sixth heat exchange part is connected with the fifth heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage cooling on the oxygen-enriched gas subjected to first-stage cooling to a fourth preset temperature, and the fourth preset temperature is lower than the third preset temperature.
In the technical scheme, the recovered high-temperature oxygen-enriched air is subjected to first-stage cooling through the fifth heat exchange part, and then subjected to second-stage cooling through the sixth heat exchange part, so that the oxygen-enriched air can be reduced to the stored temperature for storage for later use.
In the above technical scheme, the third preset temperature is greater than or equal to 500 ℃ and less than or equal to 550 ℃; the fourth preset temperature is 50 ℃ or higher and 150 ℃ or lower. Further, the third preset temperature is 520 ℃, and the fourth preset temperature is 70 ℃, so that the temperature is reduced in sections, and the cooling rate is improved.
In the technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device is a solid oxide electrolytic cell, and the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.
The solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC, solid oxide electrolysis cell) is a high-efficiency electrolytic hydrogen production device that can be operated in a regeneration mode, and the electrolytic efficiency can be improved by using the solid oxide electrolytic cell to electrolyze water vapor to produce hydrogen and oxygen. In addition, the solid oxide electrolytic cell is a solid oxide fuel cell which runs in reverse, and in the electrolytic mode, H is electrolyzed under the condition of applied voltage and high temperature 2 O, H is generated 2 With O 2 The conversion of electric energy and heat energy into chemical energy is realized. According to the invention, the electrolytic cell provided with the solid oxide is used as an electrolytic hydrogen production device, so that the hydrogen production efficiency can be improved, and the service life can be prolonged.
A solid oxide fuel cell (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, abbreviated as SOFC) is an all-solid chemical power generation device that converts chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy at medium and high temperatures with high efficiency and environmental friendliness, and has a high theoretical energy density in the fuel cell. The invention uses the solid oxide fuel cell as the fuel cell, so that the power generation efficiency can be improved, and the cost can be saved.
In the invention, the high-efficiency energy storage effect is realized by combining the solid oxide fuel cell and the solid oxide electrolytic cell.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device comprises a third input end, a fourth input end, a first output end, a second output end, an electrode input end and a third input end, wherein the third input end is connected with the first electric heater, the fourth input end is connected with the second electric heater, the first output end is connected with the third heat exchanger, the second output end is connected with the fifth heat exchanger, and the electrode input end is connected with the electrode output end of the fuel cell. The hydrogen and the water vapor are protected and sequentially heated by the gas mixing device, the first heat exchange part and the first electric heater, then enter the electrolytic hydrogen production device from the third input end, and in addition, outside air can enter the electrolytic hydrogen production device after sequentially being heated by the third heat exchange part and the fourth heat exchange part, so that the water vapor is electrolyzed to prepare hydrogen, the prepared hydrogen can be output from the first output end, and the generated oxygen-enriched air can be output from the second output end.
The fuel cell comprises a first input end, a second input end, an electrode output end and a tail gas output end, wherein the first input end is connected with the reforming cavity, the second input end is connected with a third heat exchange flow channel of the second heat exchanger, the electrode output end is connected with the electrode input end of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, and the tail gas output end is connected with the burner. During the power generation of the fuel cell, the combustible gas H generated after passing through the reformer 2 CO and the like enter the fuel cell through the first input end to serve as a fuel electrode, and after heat exchange is performed on the outside air in the third heat exchange flow channel of the second heat exchanger, the outside air enters the fuel cell through the second input end to serve as an air electrode, so that power generation of the fuel cell is completed. According to the invention, the electrolytic cell of the solid oxide is arranged as an electrolytic hydrogen production device, so that the hydrogen production efficiency can be improved, the service life can be prolonged, and the solid oxide fuel cell is used as a fuel cell, so that the power generation efficiency can be improved, and the cost can be saved.
In the above technical solution, the fourth heat exchange portion and the fifth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger.
In this technical scheme, fourth heat transfer portion and fifth heat transfer portion set up on same heat exchanger, for example all set up on the fifth heat exchanger, can understand that the fifth heat exchanger includes second cold junction and second hot junction, and the second hot junction is used for preheating the vapor as fourth heat transfer portion, and the second cold junction is used for cooling oxygen-enriched air as fifth heat transfer portion, sets up fourth heat transfer portion and fifth heat transfer portion on same heat exchanger, just so can reduce the quantity of heat exchanger, has reduced the holistic complexity of device.
In the above technical solution, the third heat exchange portion and the sixth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger.
In this technical scheme, third heat transfer portion and sixth heat transfer portion set up on same heat exchanger, for example all set up on the fourth heat exchanger, can understand that the fourth heat exchanger includes third cold junction and third hot junction, and the third hot junction is used for preheating the vapor as third heat transfer portion, and the third cold junction is used for cooling oxygen-enriched air as sixth heat transfer portion, sets up third heat transfer portion and sixth heat transfer portion on same heat exchanger, just so can reduce the quantity of heat exchanger, has reduced the holistic complexity of device.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: and the hydrogen recovery tank is connected with the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device and is used for recovering hydrogen generated by the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device.
In the technical scheme, the hydrogen is recovered and stored by arranging the hydrogen recovery tank for later use, so that the utilization rate of energy sources is improved.
In the technical scheme, the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic hydrogen production device is more than or equal to 90% and less than or equal to 95%.
In the above technical solution, the chemical equation of the reforming reaction includes: CH (CH) 4 +H 2 O→CO+3H 2 ；CH 4 +2H 2 O→CO 2 +4H 2 After such reforming reaction, hydrogen gas andthe combustible gas such as carbon monoxide can perform oxidation reaction on the fuel cell, so that the fuel cell generates electricity and further supplies power for the electrolytic hydrogen production device.
In the above technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas further comprises: a water tank for storing water; and the water pump is connected with the water tank and the water vapor generating device and is used for conveying water in the water tank to the water vapor generating device.
In the technical scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production device based on the oilfield associated gas also comprises a water tank and a water pump, wherein the water tank is used for storing water; the water pump is connected with the water tank and the water vapor generating device and is used for conveying water in the water tank to the water vapor generating device, so that the water vapor generating device can be used for supplying water in time when the water vapor generating device lacks water, and the overall efficiency is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the related art will be briefly described below, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The correspondence between the names and the reference numerals of the components in fig. 1 and 2 is as follows:
the device comprises a water vapor generating device 1002, a first water vapor outlet 1004, a second water vapor outlet, a 2 reformer, a 3 fuel cell, a 32 first input end, a 34 second input end, a 36 electrode output end, a 38 tail gas output end, a 4 burner, a 5 first heat exchanger, a 6 second heat exchanger, a 7 gas mixing device, a 8 third heat exchanger, a 9 first electric heater, a 10 electrolytic hydrogen production device, a 102 third input end, a 104 fourth input end, a 106 first output end, a 108 second output end, a 109 electrode input end, a 11 first cooler, a 12 fourth heat exchanger, a 13 fifth heat exchanger and a 14 second electric heater.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas, which comprises a desulfurizer (not shown) for removing sulfur element in oilfield associated gas to obtain oilfield associated gas which can be used in the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, a steam generation device 1, a reformer 2, a fuel cell 3 and the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10; the water vapor generating device 1 is used for generating water vapor; the reformer 2 comprises a reforming cavity, the reforming cavity is connected with the desulfurizer and the steam generating device 1, and steam output by the steam generating device 1 and desulfurized oilfield associated gas can generate reforming reaction in the reforming cavity and combustible gas; a first input end of the fuel cell 3 is connected with the reforming cavity, and the combustible gas can perform oxidation reaction on the fuel cell 3 so as to enable the fuel cell 3 to generate electricity; the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 is connected with the fuel cell 3, and the electrode output end of the fuel cell 3 can supply power for the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10.
The electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on the oilfield associated gas comprises a desulfurizer, a water vapor generation device 1, a reformer 2, a fuel cell 3 and the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, wherein the desulfurizer is used for removing sulfur elements in the oilfield associated gas, so that poisoning failure of the fuel cell and the output of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide in the later period can be avoided, the environment is prevented from being polluted by the harmful gases, The water vapor generating device 1 is used for generating water vapor, which is harmful to human health; the reformer 2 comprises a reforming cavity, the reforming cavity is connected with the desulfurizer and the water vapor generating device 1, the water vapor and the desulfurized oilfield associated gas can generate reforming reaction in the reforming cavity and generate combustible gas, wherein the reforming cavity contains a heating device for heating materials in the reforming reaction to reach the temperature required by the reforming reaction, and a specific reforming reaction equation comprises the following reaction equation: CH (CH) 4 +H 2 O→CO+3H 2 ；ΔH=206 kJ/mol；CH 4 +2H 2 O→CO 2 +4H 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Δh=165 kJ/mol; it can be appreciated that the main component in the associated gas is methane, so that methane and steam can be subjected to reforming reaction; further, the fuel cell 3 is connected with the reforming chamber, the combustible gas can perform oxidation reaction on the fuel cell 3, so that the fuel cell 3 generates electricity, the electrode output end of the fuel cell 3 can also supply electricity to the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, as shown by a dotted line in fig. 1, the electrode output end of the fuel cell 3 supplies electricity to the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 for oilfield associated gas uses the associated gas as fuel, the reformer 2 reforms the associated gas, the fuel gas generated by reforming can react on the fuel cell 3 and generate electricity, and the generated electric energy can be used for the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, so that an additional power generation device is not required to be added in the hydrogen production process, the electric energy is greatly saved, the production cost of enterprises is greatly reduced, and the energy of the associated gas is stored by utilizing hydrogen.
In the above embodiment, the reformer 2 further includes a heat exchange cavity, and is capable of exchanging heat with the reforming cavity, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a combustor 4, and is connected with the tail gas output end of the fuel cell 3 and the heat exchange cavity, the tail gas output after the oxidation reaction of the fuel cell 3 can be combusted in the combustor 4, and the combustion tail gas generated by the combustion can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the reforming cavity for the first time.
In this embodiment, combustor 4 is connected with fuel cell 3's tail gas output and heat transfer chamber, and fuel cell 3 exhaust tail gas can be in combustor 4 internal combustion, and the combustion tail gas that the burning produced can get into the heat transfer intracavity and carry out the heat transfer with the reforming chamber to reduce the heat that adds the thermal device and reform the reaction in the reforming chamber and provide, also add the thermal device and need not high-power just can guarantee reforming intracavity vapor and oilfield associated gas reforming reaction's going on smoothly promptly, improved generating efficiency, realized the recycle of the energy in the associated gas. Further, the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the heat exchange cavity before heat exchange is more than or equal to 900 ℃ and less than or equal to 1000 ℃; the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the heat exchange cavity after heat exchange is more than or equal to 800 ℃ and less than or equal to 850 ℃. The tail gas discharged from the fuel cell 3 mainly includes unreacted hydrogen and carbon monoxide on the fuel cell 3, and gases such as carbon dioxide and water vapor generated by the reaction.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a first heat exchanger 5, where the first heat exchanger 5 includes a first heat exchange flow channel and a second heat exchange flow channel, and one end of the first heat exchange flow channel is connected to the desulfurizer and the steam generator 1, and the other end of the first heat exchange flow channel is connected to the reforming chamber, so as to heat the desulfurized associated gas and steam; the second heat exchange flow channel is connected with the heat exchange cavity, and the combustion tail gas after the first heat exchange can enter the second heat exchange flow channel to perform the second heat exchange with the first heat exchange flow channel.
In this embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a first heat exchanger 5, where the first heat exchanger 5 includes a first heat exchange flow channel and a second heat exchange flow channel, one end of the first heat exchange flow channel is connected to the desulfurizer and the steam generator 1, and the other end is connected to the reformer 2, so that the desulfurized associated gas and steam can be heated and conveyed into the reformer 2 for reforming reaction, the second heat exchange flow channel is connected to the heat exchange cavity, and the combustion tail gas after the first heat exchange can perform the second heat exchange with the first heat exchange flow channel. Namely, the first heat exchange flow passage of the first heat exchanger 5, the reforming cavity of the reformer 2 and the first input end 32 of the fuel cell 3 form a flow passage, the flow passage is used for reforming reaction and forms a fuel electrode of the fuel cell 3, the tail gas output end 38 of the fuel cell 3, the burner 4, the heat exchange cavity of the reformer 2 and the second heat exchange flow passage of the first heat exchanger 5 form a flow passage, and the flow passage is used for exchanging heat for reforming reaction of water vapor and oilfield associated gas, so that energy sources are saved, and heat supply of heating devices in the reforming cavity for reforming reaction is reduced. Further, the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel before heat exchange is more than or equal to 800 ℃ and less than or equal to 850 ℃; the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel after heat exchange is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes the second heat exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 6 includes the third heat exchange flow path and the fourth heat exchange flow path, one end of the third heat exchange flow path includes the air inlet, another end is connected with the second input end 34 of the fuel cell 3; the fourth heat exchange flow channel is connected with the second heat exchange flow channel, and the combustion tail gas after the second heat exchange can perform third heat exchange with the third heat exchange flow channel in the fourth heat exchange flow channel.
In this embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a second heat exchanger 6, where the second heat exchanger 6 includes a third heat exchange flow channel and a fourth heat exchange flow channel, one end of the third heat exchange flow channel includes an air inlet, and the other end is connected to the second input end 34 of the fuel cell 3, so that high-temperature air can be input to the fuel cell 3 through the air inlet, the fourth heat exchange flow channel is connected to the second heat exchange flow channel, and the combustion tail gas after the second heat exchange can perform third heat exchange with the third heat exchange flow channel in the fourth heat exchange flow channel. More specifically, the external air, the third heat exchange flow channel of the second heat exchanger 6 and the second input end 34 of the fuel cell 3 form a flow path, and the flow path is used for generating high-temperature gas to serve as an air pole of the fuel cell 3, and the tail gas output end 38 of the fuel cell 3, the burner 4, the heat exchange cavity of the reformer 2, the second heat exchange flow channel of the first heat exchanger 5 and the fourth heat exchange flow channel of the second heat exchanger 6 form a flow path, so that the flow path can not only play the roles of providing heat for reforming reaction of water vapor and oilfield associated gas, but also preheating air in the third heat exchange flow channel of the second heat exchanger 6 to ensure that the air pole of the fuel cell 3 has stable high-temperature air. Through further carrying out heat transfer to burning tail gas, can heat the air that flows into fuel cell 3, improve the utilization ratio of energy, need not to cool down the processing to exhaust tail gas in whole in-process. Further, the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the fourth heat exchange flow channel before heat exchange is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃; the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel after heat exchange is more than or equal to 200 ℃ and less than or equal to 300 ℃.
In the above embodiment, the steam generating device 1 includes the first steam outlet 1002 and the second steam outlet 1004, the reforming chamber is connected to the first steam outlet 1002, and the electrolytic hydrogen generating device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes: and a heating unit connected to the second steam outlet 1004 and the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, for heating the steam flowing out from the second steam outlet 1004, wherein the heated steam can generate an electrolytic reaction in the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10.
In this embodiment, the steam generating device 1 includes a first steam outlet 1002 and a second steam outlet 1004, the reforming chamber is connected to the first steam outlet 1002, the heating element is connected to the second steam outlet 1004, for heating the steam flowing out of the second steam outlet 1004, the electrolytic hydrogen generating device 10 is connected to the heating element, and the heated steam can generate an electrolytic reaction on the electrolytic hydrogen generating device 10. Of course, the first steam outlet 1002 and the second steam outlet 1004 may be the same outlet, and as shown in fig. 2, the first steam outlet 1002 and the second steam outlet 1004 may be provided as the same outlet, so that the purchased steam generator 1 may be directly assembled without an additional opening in the steam generator 1.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes the gas mixing device 7 and the hydrogen generation device, and the gas mixing device 7 is disposed between the second water vapor outlet 1004 and the heating assembly; the hydrogen generating device is connected with the gas mixing device 7 for generating hydrogen (i.e. the guard hydrogen in fig. 1); the hydrogen gas generated by the hydrogen generating device and the water vapor output from the second water vapor outlet 1004 can be mixed in the gas mixing device 7 and flow into the heating unit together.
In this embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a gas mixing device 7 and a hydrogen generating device, where the gas mixing device 7 is disposed between the second steam outlet 1004 and the heating component, and the hydrogen generating device is connected to the gas mixing device 7, so that hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating device and steam generated by the second steam outlet 1004 can be mixed in the gas mixing device 7 and flow into the heating component together, so that hydrogen can prevent the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 from being oxidized, i.e. prevent nickel metal from being oxidized, and ensure smooth electrolytic reaction. It can be appreciated that the application adopts nickel metal as an electrolytic cathode, and can prevent the nickel metal from being oxidized by setting an electrolytic environment of hydrogen.
In the above embodiment, the heating assembly includes the first heat exchange portion and the first electric heater 9, the first heat exchange portion is connected with the gas mixing device 7, for performing primary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor; the first electric heater 9 is connected with the first heat exchange part and the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 and is used for carrying out secondary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor after primary heating.
In this embodiment, by heating in stages, the waste heat of the high-temperature gas is fully utilized by the first heat exchanging part, the mixed hydrogen and water vapor are preheated, and then the mixed hydrogen and water vapor are heated to the electrolysis temperature by the first electric heater 9, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the system can be improved. It can be understood that, for example, the heat generated in the boiler room firstly preheats the first heat exchange portion, then the first heat exchange portion exchanges heat with the mixed hydrogen and water vapor, and firstly carries out primary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor, so that the heat in the boiler room can be recycled, and compared with the case of directly heating to the electrolysis temperature by the first electric heater 9, the energy utilization rate is improved. That is, the high temperature gas waste heat originates from the gas waste heat in the boiler room. Of course, the method is not limited to the waste heat of high-temperature gas in the boiler room, and only gas with certain temperature is provided, the stored heat of the waste heat can preheat the first heat exchange part, and then the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the mixed hydrogen and water vapor, so that the energy recovery is realized. Further, the heating temperature of the primary heating is 550 ℃ or higher and 600 ℃ or lower, and the heating temperature of the secondary heating is 700 ℃ or higher and 750 ℃ or lower.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a second heat exchange portion and a first cooler 11, where the second heat exchange portion is connected to the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, and is used for performing a first-stage cooling on hydrogen generated by the cathode in the electrolytic process to a first preset temperature; the first cooler 11 is connected with the second heat exchange portion, and is used for performing second-stage cooling on the hydrogen subjected to first-stage cooling to a second preset temperature, wherein the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen generated at the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 is cooled by the second heat exchange portion and the first cooler 11, so that the hydrogen can be recycled, and the energy utilization rate is improved. Further, the first preset temperature is greater than or equal to 200 ℃ and less than or equal to 250 ℃; the second preset temperature is 25 ℃ or higher and 50 ℃ or lower.
In the above embodiment, the first heat exchanging portion and the second heat exchanging portion are provided on the same heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, the first heat exchange portion and the second heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, for example, both are disposed on the third heat exchanger 8 (as shown in fig. 1), it is understood that the third heat exchanger 8 includes a first cold end and a first hot end, the first hot end is used as the first heat exchange portion to preheat vapor and protection hydrogen, the first cold end is used as the second heat exchange portion to cool hydrogen, and the first heat exchange portion and the second heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, so that the number of heat exchangers can be reduced, and the complexity of the whole device is reduced. In addition, because the water vapor and the protection hydrogen of the first heat exchange part have lower temperature than the high-temperature hydrogen of the second heat exchange part, and the high-temperature hydrogen of the second heat exchange part has higher temperature, the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part are arranged on the same heat exchanger, the hydrogen and the water vapor passing through the first heat exchange part can be used for cooling the high-temperature hydrogen passing through the second heat exchange part, and conversely, the high-temperature hydrogen passing through the second heat exchange part is used for heating the protection hydrogen and the water vapor passing through the first heat exchange part, so that the utilization rate of energy sources is improved.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a body conveying component and a gas recovery component, where the gas conveying component is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 and is used to convey air to the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, so that the air is mixed with oxygen generated by the anode in the electrolysis process to obtain oxygen-enriched gas; the gas recovery assembly is connected to the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen plant 10 for recovering the oxygen-enriched gas.
In the above embodiment, the gas delivery assembly includes the blower, the third heat exchanging portion, and the fourth heat exchanging portion: the blower comprises a blower opening for conveying air; the third heat exchange part is connected with the air supply port and is used for heating the air sent out by the air supply port for one section; the fourth heat exchange part is connected with the third heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage heating on the air subjected to first-stage heating; the second electric heater 14 is connected with the fourth heat exchange part and the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, and is used for performing three-stage heating on the air after the two-stage heating.
In this embodiment, the air sent from the air supply port is heated in sections, so that the energy utilization rate can be improved.
In the above embodiment, the heating temperature for one heating is 250 ℃ or higher and 300 ℃ or lower; the heating temperature of the two-stage heating is more than or equal to 550 ℃ and less than or equal to 600 ℃; the heating temperature of the three-stage heating is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃.
In the above embodiment, the air supply port is connected to the air inlet, and a part of the air sent from the air supply port is sent to the third heat exchange flow passage through the air inlet, and the other part is sent to the third heat exchange portion.
In this embodiment, the air supply port is further connected to the air inlet, so that a part of the air sent from the air supply port is sent to the third heat exchange flow channel through the air inlet, and another part of the air is sent to the third heat exchange portion, and by sharing one fan, the number of fans is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In the above embodiment, the gas recovery assembly includes the return air blower, the fifth heat exchange portion, and the sixth heat exchange portion: the return air machine is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 and comprises a return air inlet, and the return air inlet is used for recycling oxygen-enriched gas; the fifth heat exchange part is connected with the return air inlet and is used for carrying out one-stage cooling on the oxygen-enriched gas recovered by the return air inlet to a third preset temperature; the sixth heat exchange part is connected with the fifth heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage cooling on the oxygen-enriched gas subjected to first-stage cooling to a fourth preset temperature, and the fourth preset temperature is lower than the third preset temperature.
In this embodiment, the recovered high-temperature oxygen-enriched air is first subjected to first-stage cooling by the fifth heat exchange portion, and then subjected to second-stage cooling by the sixth heat exchange portion, so that the oxygen-enriched air can be reduced to a stored temperature for storage for later use.
In the above embodiment, the third preset temperature is 500 ℃ or higher and 550 ℃ or lower; the fourth preset temperature is 50 ℃ or higher and 150 ℃ or lower. Further, the third preset temperature is 520 ℃, and the fourth preset temperature is 70 ℃, so that the temperature is reduced in sections, and the cooling rate is improved.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 is a solid oxide electrolytic cell, and the fuel cell 3 is a solid oxide fuel cell 3, wherein the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 includes a third input end 102, a fourth input end 104, a first output end 106, a second output end 108, and an electrode input end 109, the third input end 102 is connected to the first electric heater 9, the fourth input end 104 is connected to the second electric heater 14, the first output end 106 is connected to the second heat exchanging portion on the third heat exchanger 8, the second output end 108 is connected to the fifth heat exchanging portion on the fifth heat exchanger 13, and the electrode input end 109 is connected to the electrode output end 36 of the fuel cell 3. The hydrogen and the water vapor are protected and then sequentially heated by the gas mixing device 7, the first heat exchange portion on the third heat exchanger 8 and the first electric heater 9, and then enter the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 through the third input end 102, in addition, external air can be heated and then enter the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 after sequentially passing through the third heat exchange portion on the fourth heat exchanger 12 and the fourth heat exchange portion on the fifth heat exchanger 13, so that the water vapor is electrolyzed to prepare hydrogen, the prepared hydrogen can be output from the first output end 106, and the generated oxygen-enriched air can be output from the second output end 108.
The fuel cell 3 includes a first input end 32, a second input end 34, an electrode output end 36, and an exhaust output end 38, where the first input end 32 is connected to the reforming chamber, the second input end 34 is connected to the third heat exchange flow path of the second heat exchanger 6, the electrode output end 36 is connected to an electrode input end 109 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10, and the exhaust output end 38 is connected to the combustor 4. In the power generation process of the fuel cell 3, the combustible gas H2, CO and the like generated after passing through the reformer enter the fuel cell 3 through the first input end 32 to serve as a fuel electrode, and the external air enters the fuel cell 3 through the second input end 34 to serve as an air electrode after exchanging heat in the third heat exchange flow channel of the second heat exchanger 6, so that the power generation of the fuel cell 3 is completed.
The invention can improve the hydrogen production efficiency and prolong the service life by arranging the electrolytic cell of the solid oxide as the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10. By using the solid oxide fuel cell 3 as the fuel cell 3, the power generation efficiency can be improved and the cost can be saved.
In the above embodiment, the fourth heat exchanging portion and the fifth heat exchanging portion are provided on the same heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, the fourth heat exchange portion and the fifth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, for example, both are disposed on the fifth heat exchanger 13, and it is understood that the fifth heat exchanger 13 includes a second cold end and a second hot end, the second hot end is used as the fourth heat exchange portion for preheating air, the second cold end is used as the fifth heat exchange portion for cooling oxygen-enriched air, and the fourth heat exchange portion and the fifth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, so that the number of heat exchangers can be reduced, and the complexity of the whole device is reduced. In addition, since the air of the fourth heat exchange portion has a lower temperature than the oxygen-enriched air of the fifth heat exchange portion, and the high-temperature oxygen-enriched air of the fifth heat exchange portion has a higher temperature, the fourth heat exchange portion and the fifth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, and the oxygen-enriched air passing through the fifth heat exchange portion can be cooled by the air passing through the fourth heat exchange portion, and in turn, the air passing through the fourth heat exchange portion is heated by the high-temperature oxygen-enriched air passing through the fifth heat exchange portion, thereby reducing the heating power of the second electric heater 14, and improving the utilization ratio of energy.
In the above embodiment, the third heat exchanging portion and the sixth heat exchanging portion are provided on the same heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, the third heat exchange portion and the sixth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, for example, both are disposed on the fourth heat exchanger 12, and it is understood that the fourth heat exchanger 12 includes a third cold end and a third hot end, the third hot end is used as the third heat exchange portion for preheating air, the third cold end is used as the sixth heat exchange portion for cooling oxygen-enriched air, and the third heat exchange portion and the sixth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, so that the number of heat exchangers can be reduced, and the complexity of the whole device is reduced. In addition, since the air of the third heat exchange portion has a lower temperature than the high-temperature oxygen-enriched air of the sixth heat exchange portion, and the high-temperature oxygen-enriched air of the sixth heat exchange portion has a higher temperature, the third heat exchange portion and the sixth heat exchange portion are disposed on the same heat exchanger, and the air passing through the third heat exchange portion can be used to cool the oxygen-enriched air passing through the sixth heat exchange portion, and conversely, the air passing through the third heat exchange portion is heated by the high-temperature oxygen-enriched air passing through the sixth heat exchange portion, thereby reducing the heating power of the second electric heater 14, and improving the utilization ratio of energy.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a hydrogen recovery tank connected to the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 for recovering hydrogen generated by the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen recovery tank is provided to recover and store hydrogen for later use, thereby improving the utilization rate of energy.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 is 90% or more and 95% or less.
In the above embodiment, the chemical equation of the reforming reaction includes: CH (CH) 4 +H 2 O→CO+3H 2 ；CH 4 +2H 2 O→CO 2 +4H 2 Thus weigh inAfter the completion of the reaction, a combustible gas such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide can be generated, and the combustible gas can undergo an oxidation reaction in the fuel cell 3, thereby generating electricity in the fuel cell 3 and supplying power to the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10.
In the above embodiment, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas further includes a water tank for storing water and a water pump; the water pump is connected with the water tank and the water vapor generating device 1 for delivering water in the water tank to the water vapor generating device 1.
In this embodiment, the oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 further includes a water tank for storing water and a water pump; the water pump is connected with the water tank and the water vapor generating device 1 and is used for conveying water in the water tank to the water vapor generating device 1, so that the water vapor generating device 1 can be timely supplied with water when the water vapor generating device 1 lacks water, and the overall efficiency is ensured.
The power generation flow of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas provided in this embodiment is as follows:
flow of power generation fuel gas side: pure water enters a steam generating device 1 to generate high-temperature steam with the temperature of 200 ℃ to 210 ℃, enters a first heat exchanger 5, desulfurized associated gas also enters the first heat exchanger 5, mixed gas exchanges heat to 550 ℃ to 600 ℃, then enters a reformer 2, and a reforming reaction occurs in the reformer 2 to generate H with the temperature of 600 ℃ to 650 ℃ 2 And CO fuel gas enters an SOFC stack (namely a fuel cell 3) to generate electricity, 700-750 ℃ of fuel side tail gas enters a combustor 4 to be mixed with air side tail gas, 900-1000 ℃ of high-temperature tail gas is formed by combustion, the high-temperature tail gas enters a reformer 2 to be heated and cooled to 800-850 ℃, the high-temperature tail gas enters a first heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat and cooled to 700-750 ℃, then the high-temperature tail gas enters a second heat exchanger 6 to be preheated to 200-300 ℃ and then is discharged.
Power generation air side flow: the air is heated to 600 ℃ to 650 ℃ through the air side second heat exchanger 6, enters the SOFC stack for power generation, and the 700 ℃ to 750 ℃ air side tail gas enters the combustor 4 to be mixed and combusted with the fuel side tail gas, and the high-temperature combustion tail gas formed by combustion sequentially enters the reformer 2, the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6 for gas preheating and then is discharged. The power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 3 is 60 ℃ to 65%, and further, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell 3 can be used for an SOEC stack (namely, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10), so that a power generation device is not required to be additionally arranged, and the cost is reduced.
The electrolytic hydrogen production flow of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 10 based on oilfield associated gas provided in this embodiment is as follows:
raw gas side gas flow: the pure water is gasified by the steam generating device 1 to generate steam with the temperature of 200 ℃ to 210 ℃ and then enters a gas mixing tank, the protective hydrogen enters a gas mixing device 7, such as the gas mixing tank, the gas is uniformly mixed in the gas mixing tank, the mixed gas is subjected to heat exchange by a third heat exchanger 8 to 550 ℃ to 600 ℃ and flows to a first electric heater 9 to be heated to 700 ℃ to 750 ℃, H 2 O enters an SOEC stack to react to generate H 2 The high-temperature hydrogen is cooled to 50-60 ℃ in the third heat exchanger 8 and the first cooler 11 in sequence, and H in the tail gas is removed 2 O, and then supplied to the outside.
Air side gas flow: the normal temperature air is subjected to heat exchange to 250-300 ℃ through the fourth heat exchanger 12, is subjected to heat exchange to 550-600 ℃ through the fifth heat exchanger 13, enters the second electric heater 14 to be heated to 700-750 ℃, the hot air enters the SOEC stack, is subjected to heat exchange to 500-550 ℃ through the fifth heat exchanger 13, is subjected to cooling to 50-100 ℃ through the fourth heat exchanger 12, and is discharged.
Further, the electrolytic reaction occurring on the electrolytic cathode side is as follows:
H 2 O+2e - →H 2 +O 2-
Electrolytically generated O 2- From the cathode of electrolytic hydrogen plant 10 to the anode via the electrolyte, 2mol o on the anode side 2- 4mol of electrons are released and the reaction is as follows:
2O 2- -4e - →O 2
the electrolysis efficiency of the SOEC electrolysis system is 90-95%, and the system efficiency is 70-75%.
While this specification contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any invention or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features of specific embodiments of particular inventions. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. On the other hand, the various features described in the individual embodiments may also be implemented separately in the various embodiments or in any suitable subcombination. Furthermore, although features may be acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
Similarly, although operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system modules and components in the embodiments described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products.
Thus, particular embodiments of the subject matter have been described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily required to be in the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (22)

1. An electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas, which is characterized by comprising:
the desulfurizer is used for removing sulfur elements in the oilfield associated gas to obtain oilfield associated gas capable of being reformed;
a steam generator (1) for generating steam;
the reformer (2) comprises a reforming cavity, the reforming cavity is connected with the desulfurizer and the steam generating device (1), and steam output by the steam generating device (1) and desulfurized oilfield associated gas can undergo reforming reaction in the reforming cavity and generate combustible gas;
-a fuel cell (3), a first input (32) of the fuel cell (3) being connected to the reforming chamber, the combustible gas being capable of undergoing an oxidation reaction on the fuel cell (3) to cause the fuel cell (3) to generate electricity;
And the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) is connected with the fuel cell (3), and an electrode output end (36) of the fuel cell (3) can supply power for the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10).
2. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the reformer (2) further comprises a heat exchange chamber capable of exchanging heat with the reforming chamber, the oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device further comprising:
the combustor (4) is connected with the tail gas output end (38) of the fuel cell (3) and the heat exchange cavity, tail gas output after the oxidation reaction of the fuel cell (3) can be combusted in the combustor (4), and combustion tail gas generated by combustion can enter the heat exchange cavity to exchange heat with the reforming cavity for the first time.
3. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device of claim 2, further comprising:
a first heat exchanger (5) comprising:
one end of the first heat exchange flow passage is respectively connected with the desulfurizer and the vapor generating device (1), and the other end of the first heat exchange flow passage is connected with the reforming cavity and is used for heating the associated gas and vapor after desulfurization;
The second heat exchange flow passage is connected with the heat exchange cavity, and the combustion tail gas after the first heat exchange can enter the second heat exchange flow passage to perform the second heat exchange with the first heat exchange flow passage.
4. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 3, wherein,
the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel before heat exchange is more than or equal to 800 ℃ and less than or equal to 850 ℃;
the temperature of the combustion tail gas in the second heat exchange flow channel after heat exchange is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃.
5. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device of claim 3, further comprising:
a second heat exchanger (6) comprising:
one end of the third heat exchange flow passage comprises an air inlet, and the other end of the third heat exchange flow passage is connected with a second input end (34) of the fuel cell (3);
and the fourth heat exchange flow passage is connected with the second heat exchange flow passage, and the combustion tail gas subjected to the second heat exchange can perform the third heat exchange with the third heat exchange flow passage in the fourth heat exchange flow passage.
6. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the steam generation device (1) includes a first steam outlet (1002) and a second steam outlet (1004), the reforming chamber is connected to the first steam outlet (1002), the oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device further comprising:
And a heating assembly connected with the second steam outlet (1004) and the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and used for heating the steam flowing out from the second steam outlet (1004), wherein the heated steam can generate electrolytic reaction on the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10).
7. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device of claim 6, further comprising:
a gas mixing device (7) arranged between the second water vapor outlet (1004) and the heating assembly;
the hydrogen generation device is connected with the gas mixing device (7) and is used for generating hydrogen;
wherein the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generating device and the water vapor output by the second water vapor outlet (1004) can be mixed in the gas mixing device (7) and flow into the heating assembly together.
8. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus of claim 7, wherein the heating assembly comprises:
the first heat exchange part is connected with the gas mixing device (7) and is used for carrying out primary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor;
and the first electric heater (9) is connected with the first heat exchange part and the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and is used for carrying out secondary heating on the mixed hydrogen and water vapor after primary heating.
9. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device of claim 6, wherein the first water vapor outlet (1002) and the second water vapor outlet (1004) are the same outlet.
10. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device of claim 1, further comprising:
the second heat exchange part is connected with the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and is used for carrying out one-section cooling on hydrogen generated by the cathode in the electrolytic process to a first preset temperature;
the first cooler (11) is connected with the second heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage cooling on the hydrogen subjected to first-stage cooling to a second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.
11. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 10, wherein,
the first preset temperature is greater than or equal to 200 ℃ and less than or equal to 250 ℃;
the second preset temperature is 25 ℃ or higher and 50 ℃ or lower.
12. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device of claim 5, further comprising:
the gas conveying component is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and is used for conveying air to the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) so as to mix the air with oxygen generated by the anode in the electrolytic process to obtain oxygen-enriched gas;
And the gas recovery component is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and is used for recovering the oxygen-enriched gas.
13. The oilfield associated gas based electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus of claim 12, wherein the gas delivery assembly comprises:
the blower comprises a blower opening and is used for conveying air;
the third heat exchange part is connected with the air supply port and is used for heating the air sent out by the air supply port for one section;
the fourth heat exchange part is connected with the third heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage heating on the air subjected to first-stage heating;
and the second electric heater (14) is connected with the fourth heat exchange part and the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and is used for carrying out three-stage heating on the air after the two-stage heating.
14. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 13, wherein,
the heating temperature of the first heating stage is more than or equal to 250 ℃ and less than or equal to 300 ℃;
the heating temperature of the two-stage heating is more than or equal to 550 ℃ and less than or equal to 600 ℃;
the heating temperature of the three-stage heating is more than or equal to 700 ℃ and less than or equal to 750 ℃.
15. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 13, wherein the air supply port is connected to the air inlet, and a part of air supplied from the air supply port is supplied to the third heat exchange flow passage through the air inlet, and another part of air is supplied to the third heat exchange portion.
16. The oilfield associated gas based electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus of claim 12, wherein the gas recovery assembly comprises:
the return air blower is connected with the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and comprises a return air inlet, and the return air inlet is used for recycling the oxygen-enriched gas;
the fifth heat exchange part is connected with the return air inlet and is used for carrying out one-stage cooling on the oxygen-enriched gas recovered by the return air inlet to a third preset temperature;
and the sixth heat exchange part is connected with the fifth heat exchange part and is used for carrying out second-stage cooling on the oxygen-enriched gas subjected to first-stage cooling to a fourth preset temperature, and the fourth preset temperature is lower than the third preset temperature.
17. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 16, wherein,
the third preset temperature is more than or equal to 500 ℃ and less than or equal to 550 ℃;
the fourth preset temperature is 50 ℃ or higher and 150 ℃ or lower.
18. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein,
the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) is a solid oxide electrolytic cell; and/or
The fuel cell (3) is a solid oxide fuel cell.
19. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device of claim 1, further comprising:
and the hydrogen recovery tank is connected with the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) and is used for recovering hydrogen generated by the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10).
20. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein,
the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (10) is more than or equal to 90% and less than or equal to 95%.
21. The oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the chemical equation of the reforming reaction comprises:
CH 4 +H 2 O→CO+3H 2 ；
CH 4 +2H 2 O→CO 2 +4H 2 。
22. the oilfield associated gas-based electrolytic hydrogen production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 20, further comprising:
a water tank for storing water;
and the water pump is connected with the water tank and the water vapor generating device (1) and is used for conveying water in the water tank to the water vapor generating device (1).
CN202311742372.7A 2023-12-18 2023-12-18 Electrolytic hydrogen production device based on oilfield associated gas Pending CN117431555A (en)

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CN113278993A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-08-20 北京思伟特新能源科技有限公司 High-safety fuel cell electrolytic cell system and working method thereof
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110114816A (en) * 2010-04-14 2011-10-20 삼성중공업 주식회사 Apparatus for capturing carbon dioxide using fuel cell power generation system in a ship and method thereof
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