CN117431428A - Efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000007716 flux method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- -1 potassium halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 32
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical class Cl* 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgical fluxes, and particularly discloses a high-efficiency environment-friendly particle type aluminum alloy flux and a preparation method thereof. The high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-55% MgCl 2 35-70% KCl, 5-20% active potassium halide and the total amount is 100%. The preparation method comprises the steps of proportionally mixing MgCl 2 Uniformly mixing KCl and active potassium halide to obtain a mixture; gradually heating the mixture to 450-650 ℃ to melt the mixture and preserving the heat for 30-60 min; naturally cooling the melt to below 150 ℃ to obtain a solid block material; crushing and screening the solid block materials to obtain the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux, and then sealing and packaging the flux particles to obtain the finished product. The aluminum alloy flux of the invention has the advantages of difficult moisture absorption, good refining effect, good aluminum slag separation effect and flue gasThe characteristics of small size can be widely used for producing aluminum and aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgical fluxes, in particular to a high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux which is not easy to absorb moisture, good in refining effect, good in aluminum slag separation effect and small in smoke and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum and aluminum alloys have low density, high strength, good plasticity, and excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, so that the aluminum and aluminum alloys are widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, automobiles, rail transit, ships, machine manufacturing, chemical industry, architectural decoration, packaging, sports goods and the like, and become metal materials with the only secondary steel consumption.
The aluminum and aluminum alloy have obvious hydrogen absorption phenomenon in the smelting process, and hydrogen atoms are easy to be separated out to form bubbles when the casting is solidified, so that the casting is easy to form defects such as air holes, shrinkage porosity, cracks and the like, the mechanical property, the processing property, the corrosion resistance and the like of the casting are reduced, and the surface quality is influenced. Meanwhile, the melt is easy to react with air to form oxide in the smelting process of aluminum and aluminum alloy, and the oxide is involved in the melt to reduce the purity, so that oxide inclusion is formed in the casting to reduce the performance. Therefore, in the smelting process of aluminum and aluminum alloy, impurities such as gas and oxidized slag inclusion in the melt are removed generally by adding a refining agent, and the separating effect of the melt and slag is improved by using a slag-removing agent, so that the purity of the aluminum alloy melt is improved.
At present, aluminum and aluminum alloy flux (refining agent and slag forming agent) are mostly powdery mixtures, and a large amount of smoke dust can be generated in the use process, so that the aluminum and aluminum alloy flux is relatively unfavorable for personnel health and environment. Along with the enhancement of national environmental protection supervision and the improvement of the environmental protection consciousness of enterprises, the demands of aluminum alloy production enterprises on high-efficiency environmental protection flux are increasing. For this reason, granular aluminum and aluminum alloy fluxes have also been developed in the prior art, which are mostly prepared by high temperature melt mixing, then solidifying into blocks, and then crushing the resulting granular product. The smoke is smaller than the powdery flux in the use process, so that the flux becomes the first choice flux for more and more aluminum alloy production enterprises. However, the existing granular aluminum alloy flux mainly comprises various inorganic salts, and is commonly formed by adding a small amount of fluoride salt on the basis of chloride salt, and the existing granular aluminum alloy flux contains a large amount of sodium salt, so that the aluminum alloy is easy to produce sodium embrittlement, and the casting is easy to crack; but also reduces the fluidity of the melt to affect the casting performance of the alloy, and can lead to poor slag-liquid separation performance, so that the aluminum content in the dross is higher, thereby reducing the refining effect of aluminum and aluminum alloy. In addition, because the chlorine salt in the flux, which is the main component, is easy to absorb moisture in the air, and part of the chlorine salt (such as magnesium chloride) often exists in the form of crystalline hydrate, if the moisture in the chlorine salt cannot be thoroughly removed, the hydrogen content is increased along with the entering of the flux into the aluminum alloy melt, so that the casting defect is aggravated.
Of course, in the prior art, mixed fluxes composed of potassium fluoroaluminate, calcium fluoride, potassium carbonate, potassium sulfate, barium sulfate, potassium chloride, anhydrous aluminum chloride and the like are also adopted, SO that the sodium embrittlement phenomenon can be avoided, the moisture absorption problem can be alleviated, but the barium sulfate therein is not easy to float and discharge in the use process due to the high density, the barium sulfate and the calcium fluoride are easy to bring impurity elements to the aluminum alloy melt, and the chemical reaction between the flux and the aluminum alloy melt is complicated and difficult to effectively control due to the excessively complex composition components, and the pollution gas SO is also generated 2 。
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the high-efficiency environment-friendly particle type aluminum alloy flux which is difficult to absorb moisture, good in refining effect, good in aluminum slag separation effect and small in smoke, and also provides a preparation method of the high-efficiency environment-friendly particle type aluminum alloy flux.
The efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux is realized by the following steps: comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-55% MgCl 2 35-70% KCl, 5-20% active potassium halide and the total amount is 100%.
Further, the active potassium halide comprises KF, KAlF 4 、K 3 AlF 6 、K 2 TiF 6 、KNO 3 、K 2 SO 4 One or any combination of the above.
Further, the active potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50 to 75 percent of K 3 AlF 6 20 to 35 percent of K 2 TiF 6 5-15% KNO 3 And the total amount is 100%.
Further, the high-efficiency environment-friendly particle type aluminum alloy flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-45% MgCl 2 50-60% of KCl, 10-15% of active potassium halide and 100% of total amount, wherein the active potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-70% of K 3 AlF 6 25 to 30 percent of K 2 TiF 6 8-13% KNO 3 And the total amount is 100%.
The preparation method of the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux is realized by the following steps: comprises the steps of mixing, melting, cooling, crushing and packaging, and comprises the following specific contents:
A. mixing: mgCl is added according to mass percent 2 Uniformly mixing KCl and active potassium halide to obtain a mixture; wherein the active potassium halide is KF, KAlF 4 、K 3 AlF 6 、K 2 TiF 6 、KNO 3 、K 2 SO 4 One or any combination of the above;
B. melting: gradually heating the mixture to 450-650 ℃ to melt the mixture, and preserving the temperature of the mixture in a molten state for 30-60 min;
C. and (3) cooling: naturally cooling the heat-preserved melt to below 150 ℃ to obtain a solid block material;
D. crushing and packaging: crushing and screening the solid block materials to obtain the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux, and then sealing and packaging the flux particles to obtain the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux finished product.
Further, mgCl in the mixing step 2 The granularity of the potassium halide is 0.10-0.20 mm, the granularity of KCl is 0.02-0.10 mm, and the granularity of the active potassium halide is 0.05-0.20 mm.
Further, the mixture in the melting step is charged into a crucible or a furnace having a temperature of not higher than 100 ℃, and then the temperature is raised while stirring until the mixture reaches a predetermined temperature or is completely melted, and then the stirring is stopped.
Further, the crushed solid block materials in the crushing and packaging step are screened to obtain the efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux with the grain diameter of 1-2 mm, the grains with the grain diameter of more than 2mm are crushed again and then screened, and the grains with the grain diameter of less than 1mm are returned to the melting step to be melted again.
Further, in the crushing and packaging step, the solid block materials are crushed by a cone crusher and/or a hammer crusher.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the flux of the invention forms a particle flux, so that smoke dust generated in the use process is less; through the optimization of the flux components, the flux does not contain sodium salt to reduce the occurrence of sodium embrittlement, the usage amount is reduced by 30-45% compared with the traditional flux, the output of aluminum slag can be reduced, and the components in the flux can generate a large amount of heat in the use process, so that the fluidity of aluminum slag in a melt can be improved, and the slag-aluminum separation is facilitated to improve the purity of the melt.
2. The flux of the invention utilizes magnesium chloride and fluoride in active potassium halide to form complexation on magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide in aluminum alloy melt, thereby removing nonmetallic inclusion in the melt; and the melting temperature, density and fluidity of the flux are adjusted by using magnesium chloride and potassium chloride, so that the flux can float up from the aluminum alloy melt and spread on the surface, not only can the oxidation burning loss of the surface of the aluminum alloy melt be reduced, but also the aluminum slag can float up to improve the separation effect of the melt and slag, thereby further improving the purity of the aluminum alloy melt.
3. The flux preparation method of the invention gradually heats the components to melt and keeps the temperature after uniformly mixing the components, and can remove the moisture in the components in the gradual heating process, especially the components are stirred and melted and keep the temperature after the heating process, so that the moisture in the components can be thoroughly removed and uniformly distributed in the melt, the components are melted and form solid block materials and form particles after being crushed, and the contact area of chlorine salt easy to absorb moisture and water vapor can be reduced, thereby obviously reducing the moisture absorption of the flux of the invention.
In conclusion, the aluminum slag separation device has the characteristics of difficult moisture absorption, good refining effect, good aluminum slag separation effect and small smoke.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The high-efficiency environment-friendly particle type aluminum alloy flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-55% MgCl 2 35-70% KCl, 5-20% active potassium halide and the total amount is 100%.
The active potassium halide comprises KF, KAlF 4 、K 3 AlF 6 、K 2 TiF 6 、KNO 3 、K 2 SO 4 One or any combination of the above.
The active potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50 to 75 percent of K 3 AlF 6 20 to 35 percent of K 2 TiF 6 5-15% KNO 3 And the total amount is 100%.
The high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-45% MgCl 2 50-60% of KCl, 10-15% of active potassium halide and 100% of total amount, wherein the active potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-70% of K 3 AlF 6 25 to 30 percent of K 2 TiF 6 8-13% KNO 3 And the total amount is 100%.
The preparation method of the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux is realized by the following steps: comprises the steps of mixing, melting, cooling, crushing and packaging, and comprises the following specific contents:
A. mixing: mgCl is added according to mass percent 2 Uniformly mixing KCl and active potassium halide to obtain a mixture; wherein the active potassium halide is KF, KAlF 4 、K 3 AlF 6 、K 2 TiF 6 、KNO 3 、K 2 SO 4 One or any combination of the above;
B. melting: gradually heating the mixture to 450-650 ℃ to melt the mixture, and preserving the temperature of the mixture in a molten state for 30-60 min;
C. and (3) cooling: naturally cooling the heat-preserved melt to below 150 ℃ to obtain a solid block material;
D. crushing and packaging: crushing and screening the solid block materials to obtain the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux, and then sealing and packaging the flux particles to obtain the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux finished product.
MgCl in the mixing step 2 The granularity of the potassium halide is 0.10-0.20 mm, the granularity of KCl is 0.05-0.10 mm, and the granularity of the active potassium halide is 0.02-0.20 mm.
The mixture is added to a crucible or a furnace at a temperature of not higher than 100 ℃ in the melting step, and then the temperature is raised while stirring until the mixture reaches a preset temperature or is completely melted, and stirring is stopped.
And (3) screening the crushed solid block materials in the crushing and packaging step to obtain the efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux with the grain diameter of 1-2 mm, crushing and screening the granules with the grain diameter of more than 2mm again after screening, and returning the granules with the grain diameter of less than 1mm to the melting step for remelting after screening.
And crushing the solid block materials in the crushing and packaging step by adopting a cone crusher and/or a hammer crusher.
Example 1
S100: 25% MgCl by mass percent 2 Uniformly mixing 70% of KCl and 5% of active potassium halide to obtain a mixture; wherein, the active potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of K 3 AlF 6 30% of K 2 TiF 6 10% KNO 3 ，MgCl 2 The particle size of (2) was 0.15mm, the KCl particle size was 0.10mm, and the active potassium halide particle size was 0.20mm.
S200: the mixture is placed into a graphite steel pot, gradually heated to 450 ℃ from room temperature while stirring to melt, and the mixture is kept at the melting state of 450 ℃ for 60min.
S300: and naturally cooling the heat-preserved melt to a temperature lower than 50 ℃ in a graphite steel pot to obtain a solid block material.
S400: crushing the solid block materials by adopting a hammer crusher, screening the crushed materials to obtain high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux with the particle size of 1-2 mm, and then sealing and packaging flux particles to obtain a finished product; and crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 2mm after sieving, sieving the particles with the particle size of less than 1mm after sieving, and returning the particles to the melting step to participate in the melting of the mixture of the next batch.
As shown in Table 1, the water absorption of the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux finished product is compared and tested.
Table 1 water absorption vs. one
Wherein: the comparative sample 1 is a domestic commercial product of a certain granular aluminum alloy flux, and the comparative sample 2 and the comparative sample 3 are foreign commercial products of two granular aluminum alloy fluxes.
Example 2
S100: 55% MgCl by mass percent 2 Uniformly mixing 35% of KCl and 10% of active potassium halide to obtain a mixture; wherein, the active potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75% of K 3 AlF 6 20% of K 2 TiF 6 5% KNO 3 ，MgCl 2 The particle size of (2) is 0.1mm, the KCl particle size is 0.02mm, and the active potassium halide particle size is 0.1mm.
S200: the mixture is placed into a graphite steel pot, gradually heated to 500 ℃ from room temperature while stirring to melt, and the mixture is kept at the melting state of 500 ℃ for 50min.
S300: and naturally cooling the heat-preserved melt to a temperature lower than 100 ℃ in a graphite steel pot to obtain a solid block material.
S400: coarse crushing the solid block materials by adopting a cone crusher and fine crushing by adopting a hammer crusher, screening the crushed materials to obtain high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux with the particle size of 1-2 mm, and then sealing and packaging flux particles to obtain a finished product; and crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 2mm after sieving, sieving the particles with the particle size of less than 1mm after sieving, and returning the particles to the melting step to participate in the melting of the mixture of the next batch.
As shown in Table 2, the water absorption of the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux finished product is compared and tested.
Table 2 water absorption vs. two
Wherein: the comparative sample 1 is a domestic commercial product of a certain granular aluminum alloy flux, and the comparative sample 2 and the comparative sample 3 are foreign commercial products of two granular aluminum alloy fluxes.
Example 3
S100: the MgCl of 40 percent is added according to the mass percentage 2 Uniformly mixing 30% of KCl and 20% of active potassium halide to obtain a mixture; wherein, the active potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of K 3 AlF 6 35% K 2 TiF 6 15% KNO 3 ，MgCl 2 The particle size of (2) is 0.2mm, the KCl particle size is 0.05mm, and the active potassium halide particle size is 0.05mm.
S200: the mixture is placed into a graphite steel pot, gradually heated to 650 ℃ from room temperature while stirring to melt, and the mixture is kept at the melting state of 650 ℃ for 30min.
S300: and naturally cooling the heat-preserved melt to a temperature lower than 150 ℃ in a graphite steel pot to obtain a solid block material.
S400: crushing the solid block materials by adopting a hammer crusher, screening the crushed materials to obtain high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux with the particle size of 1-2 mm, and then sealing and packaging flux particles to obtain a finished product; and crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 2mm after sieving, sieving the particles with the particle size of less than 1mm after sieving, and returning the particles to the melting step to participate in the melting of the mixture of the next batch.
As shown in Table 3, the water absorption of the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux finished product is compared and tested.
Table 3 Water absorption vs. three
Wherein: the comparative sample 1 is a domestic commercial product of a certain granular aluminum alloy flux, and the comparative sample 2 and the comparative sample 3 are foreign commercial products of two granular aluminum alloy fluxes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 25-55% MgCl 2 35-70% KCl, 5-20% active potassium halide and the total amount is 100%.
2. The efficient and environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active potassium halide comprises KF and KAlF 4 、K 3 AlF 6 、K 2 TiF 6 、KNO 3 、K 2 SO 4 One or any combination of the above.
3. The efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux as claimed in claim 2, wherein the active potassium halide comprises, in mass percent: 50 to 75 percent of K 3 AlF 6 20 to 35 percent of K 2 TiF 6 5-15% KNO 3 And the total amount is 100%.
4. The efficient environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 35-45% MgCl 2 50 to 60 percent of KCl, 10 to 15 percent of active potassium halide and the total amount is 100 percent, wherein the active components are activeThe potassium halide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-70% of K 3 AlF 6 25 to 30 percent of K 2 TiF 6 8-13% KNO 3 And the total amount is 100%.
5. A method for preparing the efficient and environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the steps of mixing, melting, cooling, crushing and packaging, and comprises the following specific contents:
A. mixing: mgCl is added according to mass percent 2 Uniformly mixing KCl and active potassium halide to obtain a mixture; wherein the active potassium halide is KF, KAlF 4 、K 3 AlF 6 、K 2 TiF 6 、KNO 3 、K 2 SO 4 One or any combination of the above;
B. melting: gradually heating the mixture to 450-650 ℃ to melt the mixture, and preserving the temperature of the mixture in a molten state for 30-60 min;
C. and (3) cooling: naturally cooling the heat-preserved melt to below 150 ℃ to obtain a solid block material;
D. crushing and packaging: crushing and screening the solid block materials to obtain the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux, and then sealing and packaging the flux particles to obtain the high-efficiency environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux finished product.
6. The method for preparing the efficient and environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux according to claim 5, wherein MgCl is added in the mixing step 2 The granularity of the potassium halide is 0.10-0.20 mm, the granularity of KCl is 0.02-0.10 mm, and the granularity of the active potassium halide is 0.05-0.20 mm.
7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency and environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux according to claim 6, wherein the mixture is added into a crucible or a furnace with a temperature not higher than 100 ℃ in the melting step, and then the mixture is heated while stirring until the mixture reaches a preset temperature or is completely melted, and then the stirring is stopped.
8. The method for preparing the efficient and environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux, which is characterized in that the crushed solid block materials in the crushing and packaging step are screened to obtain the efficient and environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux with the grain diameter of 1-2 mm, the grains with the grain diameter of more than 2mm are crushed again and then screened, and the grains with the grain diameter of less than 1mm are returned to the melting step to be melted again.
9. The method for preparing the efficient and environment-friendly granular aluminum alloy flux, which is characterized in that a cone crusher and/or a hammer crusher is adopted to crush solid block materials in the crushing and packaging step.
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