CN117431062B - Preparation method and application of green luminous amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of green luminous amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot Download PDF

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CN117431062B
CN117431062B CN202311151142.3A CN202311151142A CN117431062B CN 117431062 B CN117431062 B CN 117431062B CN 202311151142 A CN202311151142 A CN 202311151142A CN 117431062 B CN117431062 B CN 117431062B
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CN117431062A (en
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余媛
于斌
朱海霖
赵拓
陈超培
王心悦
单江音
张晓璐
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
Shangyu Industrial Technology Research Institute of ZSTU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an antibacterial carbon dot derived from green luminescent amino acid, comprising the steps of mixing glucose and positively charged amino acid, dissolving the mixture in deionized water, and uniformly stirring the mixture by ultrasonic waves to prepare a uniformly mixed aqueous solution; heating the uniformly mixed aqueous solution, and cooling to obtain a heat-treated aqueous solution; the method can synthesize the amino acid derivative carbon dots with a multi-effect synergistic antibacterial mechanism by a one-step hydrothermal method to realize the inhibition effect on bacterial growth, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, environment friendliness, high product purity, good fluorescence performance and wide application prospect in the aspects of antibacterial materials, biological imaging, fluorescent composite materials and the like.

Description

Preparation method and application of green luminous amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nano materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an antibacterial carbon dot derived from green luminescent amino acid.
Background
Bacterial infection has been a threat to human life health. It is well known that many bacteria attach to living or non-living solid surfaces to form structured communities, known as "biofilms". Biofilm formation generally allows the aggregation of bacterial colonies, and thus, abuse of antibiotics results in the production of drug resistant bacteria, and overcoming bacterial resistance is one of the more effective antimicrobial strategies. Among them, the antibacterial mechanism for widely researching drug resistance mainly includes electrostatic acting force and oxidation stress reaction, the electrostatic acting force damages cell walls/membranes through electrostatic adsorption, thereby realizing a certain sterilizing effect.
Oxidative stress, also known as photodynamic antibacterial therapy (aPDT), is a promising new therapy for the treatment of bacterial infections, which uses light sources of specific wavelengths to stimulate photosensitizer molecules to generate highly cytotoxic Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), oxidizing and destroying biological macromolecules such as phospholipids, enzymes, proteins and DNA, leading to the effective inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby achieving an antibacterial effect.
For any antibacterial material, a major problem in biomedical applications is its cytotoxicity, balancing antibacterial drug activity with biosafety is a major challenge, and thus, there is a need to solve the bacterial resistance and cytotoxicity problems, and recent advances in carbon-based nanomaterials bring new promise for combating infections. Unlike commonly used metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials have relatively low side effects on mammalian cells and tissues. The zero-dimensional Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) in recent years have the advantages of excellent fluorescence performance, extremely small size, energy conservation, environmental protection, low cytotoxicity, good light stability, excellent biocompatibility and the like. These advantages make CQDs of great potential use in a variety of fields including biosensing, photocatalysis, food detection, bioimaging, fluorescent labeling, and the like.
Currently, CQDs having bactericidal activity are also reported gradually, but their antibacterial effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present invention has been made in view of the above and/or problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a preparation method of green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dots.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dots, which comprises the following steps,
Mixing glucose and positively charged amino acid, dissolving in deionized water, and stirring uniformly by ultrasonic to obtain a uniformly mixed aqueous solution;
heating the uniformly mixed aqueous solution, and cooling to obtain a heat-treated aqueous solution;
and removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle-size aggregates from the heat-treated aqueous solution through a filtering membrane to obtain a clear carbon dot solution, and freeze-drying to obtain the green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation process according to the invention, there is provided: the positively charged amino acids include arginine, lysine, and histidine.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation process according to the invention, there is provided: the mass ratio of the glucose to the positively charged amino acid is 1g: 1.83-3.88 g.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation process according to the invention, there is provided: the mass volume ratio of the glucose to the deionized water is 1g: 30-40 mL.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation process according to the invention, there is provided: the heating treatment, wherein the reaction temperature is 100-220 ℃ and the reaction time is 1-6 h.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation process according to the invention, there is provided: the cooling includes cooling to room temperature.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation process according to the invention, there is provided: the specification of the filtering membrane is 0.22um.
It is still another object of the present invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a product made by a method for preparing green luminescent amino acid derived antimicrobial carbon dots having a particle size of 100 to 300nm.
Another object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an application of an antimicrobial carbon dot in inhibiting gram-positive bacteria, which are staphylococcus aureus, and gram-negative bacteria, which are escherichia coli.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, glucose and positively charged amino acid are specifically selected as carbon sources to prepare the carbon dots by heating, and the green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dots which can realize the synergistic effect of various antibacterial mechanisms such as electrostatic acting force and oxidative stress reaction can be synthesized by a one-step simple hydrothermal method.
(2) The amino acid derivative has the advantages of good water solubility, stable photochemical performance, antibacterial drug resistance, biosafety and the like, and has wide application prospect in the antibacterial field.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dots obtained by the invention in green light emission under 365nm ultraviolet light;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the green luminescent amino acid-derived antibacterial carbon dots obtained by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of the green luminescent amino acid derived antibacterial carbon dots of the invention on S.aureus and E.coli;
FIG. 4 is a MIC plot of the green luminescent amino acid derived antimicrobial carbon dot versus S.aureus and E.coli obtained in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a MBC plot of the green luminescent amino acid derived antimicrobial carbon dot versus S.aureus and E.coli obtained in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the particle size of the antibacterial carbon dots derived from the green luminescent amino acid prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
The preparation method of the green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 1g of glucose and 2.17g of arginine, dissolving in 30ml of deionized water, stirring by ultrasonic waves, pouring the uniformly mixed aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven, heating for 180min, reacting at 160 ℃, stopping heating after full reaction, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
The Arg-CDs prepared as described above had an average particle diameter of 190nm (see FIG. 6), and were green-emitting under irradiation of 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and had a strong ultraviolet absorption peak at 327 nm.
Example 2
The preparation method of the green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 1g of glucose and 1.83g of lysine, dissolving in 30ml of deionized water, stirring by ultrasonic, pouring the uniformly mixed aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven, heating for 180min, reacting at 160 ℃, stopping heating after full reaction, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
The average particle size of the prepared Lys-CDs is 295nm, green light is emitted under the irradiation of a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and a strong ultraviolet absorption peak exists at 322 nm.
Example 3
The preparation method of the green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of glucose and 3.88g of histidine are weighed, dissolved in 30ml of deionized water, stirred by ultrasonic, the evenly mixed aqueous solution is poured into a reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is placed in a blast drying box for heating for 180min, the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, and after the reaction is fully carried out, the heating is stopped, and the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
The average grain diameter of the His-CDs prepared is 396nm, green light is emitted under 365nm ultraviolet lamp irradiation, and a strong ultraviolet absorption peak exists at 331 nm.
Application example 1
The application example explores the differences of antibacterial activity and antibacterial drug resistance of carbon dots prepared by respectively reacting glucose with different positively charged amino acids, as shown in figures 3 and 4.
Three amino acid derived carbon dots were prepared by the procedure described in examples 1-3.
The specific operation of the antibacterial experiment is as follows:
firstly, weighing 20mg of amino acid derivative carbon dot powder on a balance, adding 20mL of deionized water for dissolution, preparing an amino acid derivative carbon dot solution with the concentration of 1mg/mL, equally dividing into 10 centrifuge tubes, adding deionized water with different volumes according to the set concentration gradient for dilution, setting a blank control tube as deionized water, and shaking for later use.
Secondly, 66 centrifuge tubes are taken, 11 centrifuge tubes are taken as a group, 3 groups are S.aureus experiments, and 3 groups are E.coli experiments.
3200Ul of 0.9% sodium chloride physiological saline was added to the 6 groups of centrifuge tubes, and the centrifuge tubes were covered with a centrifuge cover and placed in an ultra clean bench.
After ultraviolet sterilization is carried out on an ultra-clean bench for 30min, respectively taking two bacterial solutions of original S.aureus and E.coli after being subjected to constant-temperature shake culture for 24 hours at 35 ℃ to dilute to 10 6 cfu/mL, and then sucking 400ul of the two bacterial solutions into a centrifuge tube filled with 0.9% sodium chloride physiological saline, wherein 3 groups of S.aureus and E.coli are respectively arranged.
Finally, adding 400ul of amino acid derivative carbon dot solution with different concentrations into 9 centrifuge tubes of each group respectively, enabling carbon dots contained in each tube to be in a series of decreasing concentrations of 100 ug/mL-0 ug/mL, shaking each tube uniformly, and culturing in a constant temperature shaking machine at 35 ℃ for 24-48 hours.
The turbidity of each test tube was observed with naked eyes, and the lowest concentration capable of inhibiting bacterial growth was recorded as MIC.
Further coating and counting the culture solution with the concentration of the carbon dots before and after the non-growing test tube, observing the growth condition of bacteria on a nutrient agar culture medium, if bacteria grow again, the concentration has only antibacterial effect, if the bacteria grow again, the concentration is considered to have antibacterial effect, and the concentration is recorded as MBC.
The antibacterial activity and antibacterial resistance of the amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon point to S.aureus and E.coli are shown in figures 3 and 4, MIC is used for measuring the antibacterial activity of the antibacterial drug, MBC is used for measuring the resistance of microorganisms to the tested drug, and obviously, the green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon point synthesized by the one-step hydrothermal method has good antibacterial activity and antibacterial resistance, and Lys-CDs > His-CDs > Arg-CDs.
Application example 2
The application example explores the antibacterial effect of preparing carbon dots by respectively reacting glucose with different positively charged amino acids. Three amino acid derived carbon dots were prepared by the procedure described in examples 1-3.
The specific operation of the antibacterial experiment is as follows:
first, 4 centrifuge tubes were used as a group, 1 as s.aureus, and 1 as e.coli antimicrobial. 3600ul of 0.9% sodium chloride physiological saline is added into the 2 groups of centrifuge tubes, and then the centrifuge tubes are covered with a centrifuge cover and placed in an ultra clean bench for standby.
Secondly, after ultraviolet sterilization is carried out on an ultra-clean bench and a centrifuge tube filled with 0.9% sodium chloride physiological saline for 30min, 400ul of the original S.aureus and E.coli bacterial liquid which are cultured for 24 hours by a constant temperature shaking machine at 35 ℃ are respectively added into the separated S.aureus and E.coli groups.
Then 0.02g of amino acid derived carbon dots are added so that the concentration of the carbon dots in each tube is the same, each group has a blank control tube without carbon dots, after shaking evenly, the tubes are placed in a constant temperature shaking machine at 35 ℃ for culturing for 18-24 hours. Meanwhile, respectively sucking the original bacterial liquid, carrying out gradient dilution plating at 103-106 cfu/mL, plating the plates in parallel for 2 times, and culturing in a 35 ℃ incubator for 18-24 hours.
The next day, the colony growth conditions are observed to determine that the proper dilution factors are 10 4 cfu/mL, the S.aureus and E.coli groups are subjected to gradient dilution to 10 4 cfu/mL, 40ul of bacteria liquid is respectively taken for plating, the plating is carried out for 2 times in parallel, and the bacterial growth conditions are observed after the bacteria are cultured for 18-24 hours at the constant temperature of 35 ℃.
The antimicrobial effect of the amino acid derived carbon dots prepared by the procedure described in examples 1-3 on S.aureus and E.coli was 80/79, 96/95, 88/90, respectively, according to GB/T21510-2008 test standard.
Comparative example 1
(1) Weighing 1g of glucose and 1g of lysine, dissolving in 30ml of deionized water, stirring by ultrasonic, pouring the uniformly mixed aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, heating in a forced air drying oven for 180min at the reaction temperature of 160 ℃, stopping heating after full reaction, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
Comparative example 2
(1) Weighing 1g of glucose and 2.2g of lysine, dissolving in 30ml of deionized water, stirring by ultrasonic, pouring the uniformly mixed aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven, heating for 180min, reacting at 160 ℃, stopping heating after full reaction, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
Comparative example 3
(1) 1G of glucose and 1.83g of tryptophan are weighed, dissolved in 30ml of deionized water, stirred by ultrasonic, the evenly mixed aqueous solution is poured into a reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is placed in a forced air drying oven for heating for 180min, the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, and after the reaction is fully carried out, the heating is stopped, and the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
Comparative example 4
(1) 1G of glucose and 1.83g of glutamic acid are weighed, dissolved in 30ml of deionized water, stirred by ultrasonic, the evenly mixed aqueous solution is poured into a reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is placed in a blast drying box for heating for 180min, the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, and after the reaction is fully carried out, the heating is stopped, and the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
Comparative example 5
(1) Weighing 1g of glucose and 1.83g of cysteine, dissolving in 30ml of deionized water, stirring by ultrasonic, pouring the uniformly mixed aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven, heating for 180min, reacting at 160 ℃, stopping heating after full reaction, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
(2) Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle aggregate from the above liquid by filtering membrane, placing the clear carbon dot solution in a freeze dryer, lyophilizing (freeze drying parameter: temperature-30deg.C, pressure: 8 Pa) to obtain carbon dot powder, and collecting carbon dot powder in refrigerator.
Antibacterial effects on s.aureus and e.coli, see table 1.
TABLE 1
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be covered in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
Mixing glucose and positively charged amino acid, dissolving in deionized water, and stirring uniformly by ultrasonic to obtain a uniformly mixed aqueous solution;
heating the uniformly mixed aqueous solution, and cooling to obtain a heat-treated aqueous solution;
Removing insoluble precipitate and large-particle-size aggregates from the heat-treated aqueous solution through a filter membrane to obtain a clear carbon dot solution, and freeze-drying to obtain the green luminescent amino acid derivative antibacterial carbon dot;
Wherein the positively charged amino acid is any one of arginine, lysine and histidine.
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the glucose to the positively charged amino acid is 1g: 1.83-3.88 g.
3. The method of manufacturing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the mass volume ratio of the glucose to the deionized water is 1g: 30-40 mL.
4. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the heating treatment is carried out, wherein the reaction temperature is 100-220 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-6 h.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling includes cooling to room temperature.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the specification of the filtering membrane is 0.22um.
7. An antibacterial carbon dot prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the particle size of the antibacterial carbon dots is 100-300 nm.
8. Use of the antibacterial carbon dot according to claim 7 for the preparation of an antibacterial agent against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, characterized in that: the gram-positive bacteria are staphylococcus aureus, and the gram-negative bacteria are escherichia coli.
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