CN117430760B - Mud-resistant polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mud-resistant polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117430760B CN117430760B CN202311756898.0A CN202311756898A CN117430760B CN 117430760 B CN117430760 B CN 117430760B CN 202311756898 A CN202311756898 A CN 202311756898A CN 117430760 B CN117430760 B CN 117430760B
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- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- -1 acrylic halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acryloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C=C HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyl chloride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(Cl)=O VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl mercaptane Natural products CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AEUVIXACNOXTBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-sulfanylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)S AEUVIXACNOXTBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SHDZTIZBSYDZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoyl bromide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(Br)=O SHDZTIZBSYDZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-mercaptopropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQXLMJSFGLQIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyl bromide Chemical compound BrC(=O)C=C VWQXLMJSFGLQIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- RPNMRFUBDUWJKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethanethiol;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NCCCNCCS RPNMRFUBDUWJKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoyl cyanide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)C#N)C=C1Cl JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-ethenylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POLZHVHESHDZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO POLZHVHESHDZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001374849 Liparis atlanticus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
- C08F283/065—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals on to unsaturated polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/243—Phosphorus-containing polymers
- C04B24/246—Phosphorus-containing polymers containing polyether side chains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of cement additives. The preparation method of the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer comprises the following steps: carrying out amidation reaction on 2- (3-aminopropanamino) -ethanethiol phosphate and acrylic halide to obtain a first monomer; respectively preparing a second monomer, a first monomer, unsaturated polyether, unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt thereof into solutions, heating to 40-70 ℃, respectively dripping the second monomer solution, the first monomer solution, the unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt solution thereof into the unsaturated polyether, simultaneously adding a chain transfer agent and an initiator, and reacting for 1-4 hours to obtain the catalyst; the second monomer is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. The preparation method of the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer is simple, the adopted raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the preparation conditions are mild, so that the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer is convenient for mass production; the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer disclosed by the invention can increase the anti-mud performance of concrete and has a good application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete additives, and particularly relates to an anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In many concrete projects, the traditional concrete water reducer such as naphthalene series and the like cannot meet the project requirements more and more due to the limitation of technical performance. The new generation of water reducer, polycarboxylic acid high performance water reducer, which is paid attention to at home and abroad, has super-dispersion type structure because of really designing effective molecular structure according to the action mechanism of dispersed cement, can prevent slump loss of concrete without causing obvious retarding, plays higher plasticizing effect under low mixing amount, has good fluidity retention, large freedom degree of cement adaptation to wide molecular structure, multiple synthesis technology and large scope of high performance, has obvious reinforcing effect on concrete, can reduce shrinkage of concrete, has extremely low content of harmful substances and other technical performance characteristics, gives excellent construction workability, good strength development, excellent durability and good comprehensive technical performance advantage and environmental protection characteristics to the polycarboxylic acid high performance water reducer, and meets the requirements of modern concrete engineering. Therefore, polycarboxylic acid type high-performance water reducing agents are becoming the first additive for preparing high-performance concrete.
Along with the increasing demand of concrete, the quality of the concrete is gradually reduced and the mud content is gradually increased at present; in addition, the current concrete standard does not strictly require cement to contain no mud, and even if the concrete is sprayed more strictly, the concrete only requires that the mud content is not more than 1 percent, so that the current concrete contains certain mud. However, one of the biggest drawbacks of polycarboxylate water reducers is that they have poor anti-mud effect: the polycarboxylate water reducer contains a large amount of polyether, and the main function of the polyether in the polycarboxylate water reducer is to provide corresponding steric hindrance; since polyether is easily adsorbed by clay, the effect of polyether is difficult to be exerted, and the water reducing effect of the polycarboxylate water reducer is drastically reduced. In the existing concrete, particularly in the sprayed concrete, when the effect of the water reducing agent is reduced, the rebound quantity of the concrete is rapidly increased. In the prior art, the means for solving the problem of poor mud resistance of the polycarboxylate water reducer is usually to add a corresponding mud resistance agent, however, the addition of the mud resistance agent can increase the content of a cement admixture, the compatibility of a system needs to be considered, and meanwhile, the current mud resistance agent is usually a small molecular quaternary ammonium salt which is easy to attract the polycarboxylate water reducer, so that the water reducing effect is poor; another method is to add a corresponding anti-mud group to a polycarboxylate water reducer to prepare the anti-mud polycarboxylate water reducer, however, the existing anti-mud polycarboxylate water reducer has problems such as reduction of early strength of concrete, reduction of water reducing effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the problems, the invention provides an anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a preparation method thereof.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, a method for preparing an anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer is provided, comprising the following steps:
carrying out amidation reaction on 2- (3-aminopropanamino) -ethanethiol phosphate and acryloyl halide with a molar ratio of 1:1-1.2 to obtain a first monomer;
the molar ratio is 10: 1-3: 3-5: 0.5-2 of a second monomer, a first monomer, unsaturated polyether, unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt thereof, respectively preparing solutions, heating to 40-70 ℃, respectively dripping the second monomer solution, the first monomer solution, the unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt solution thereof into the unsaturated polyether, simultaneously adding a chain transfer agent and an initiator, and reacting for 1-4 hours to obtain the catalyst;
the second monomer is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
Specifically, in the preparation of the first monomer, the 2- (3-aminopropylamino) -ethyl mercaptan phosphate contains a primary amine group and a secondary amine group, and when the two groups are subjected to amidation reaction with acrylic halide, the secondary amine group is relatively high in activity, so that the secondary amine and the acrylic halide are subjected to amidation reaction to generate tertiary amine, the mercaptan phosphate and the primary amine are at chain ends, and the activity is relatively high. The primary amine has the advantages that primary amine has stronger alkalinity, can form a network structure with a carboxylic acid main chain, and wraps some cement particles, so that the cement particles have higher water reducing performance; when the water reducer contains clay, the water reducer can inhibit the water absorption of the clay, and reduce the adsorption of the clay to polyether chains, so that the influence of the clay on the polycarboxylate water reducer is reduced, and the polycarboxylate water reducer has certain mud resistance; the mercaptan phosphate has good dispersion performance, and meanwhile, compared with a conventional phosphate group, the mercaptan phosphate has better dispersion effect, so that the water reducing performance of the water reducer is better, and meanwhile, the phosphate also has certain mud resistance.
For the first monomer, which belongs to amidation reaction, is a common reaction in the field of organic synthesis, the skilled person can set corresponding reaction conditions and solvents according to practical situations, but in order to facilitate the skilled person to further understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the inventors still propose specific operation steps of the reaction: and (3) taking 2- (3-aminopropylamino) -ethanethiol phosphate and acrylic halide, respectively adopting solvents to dissolve, adding an acid binding agent into the 2- (3-aminopropylamino) -ethanethiol phosphate solution, dropwise adding the acrylic halide solution into the 2- (3-aminopropylamino) -ethanethiol phosphate solution under the ice bath condition, reacting for 5-20 h at the temperature of 0-30 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, and separating and purifying the solution after the reaction is finished to obtain the product.
Among them, the solvent used in the process needs to be capable of completely dissolving the acryl halide and 2- (3-aminopropanamino) -ethyl mercaptan phosphate and free of water, and thus methylene chloride, N-dimethylformamide, etc. can be selected as the solvent; generally, one of the acryloyl chloride, the acryloyl bromide, the methacryloyl chloride and the methacryloyl bromide can be selected, and the two can be selected as raw materials because the acryloyl chloride and the methacryloyl chloride are more common and have low obtaining difficulty.
In the reaction process, the acid-binding agent is used for avoiding volatilization of hydrogen chloride generated by the reaction, so that the acid-binding agent is usually selected from organic base or inorganic base, wherein the organic base can be triethylamine, etc., and the inorganic base can be sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, etc. Meanwhile, the addition amount of the acid-binding agent is the same as that of the conventional acid-binding agent in the field, and the molar amount of the acid-binding agent is the same as that of the acrylic halide or the 2- (3-amino-propylamino) -ethanethiol phosphate. After the dropwise addition of the acrylic acid halide solution, the reaction can be carried out at the temperature of 0-30 ℃, and the lower the temperature is, the longer the reaction time is, and vice versa.
In the preparation of the first monomer, since both the raw materials (or hydrolysis products thereof) and the reaction product are soluble in water, it is difficult to purify the product by conventional separation and purification methods, and for this reason, the inventors have found the following purification manner after conducting a number of experiments in combination with the properties of the product: adding at least 1 time of water into the reacted solution, and uniformly stirring; adding enough diethyl ether, stirring, separating liquid, collecting water phase, repeating the above steps for several times, removing water, and drying. Since the product of the present invention is not soluble in diethyl ether, water is added mainly to dissolve the water-soluble target product in water during the process, and diethyl ether is added to dissolve the acryl halide and the acryl brine decomposition product in diethyl ether, thereby minimizing impurities in water.
One embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the unsaturated sulfonic acid or a salt thereof is at least one of allylsulfonic acid or a salt thereof, p-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid or a salt thereof, and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or a salt thereof.
The unsaturated polyether is one of polyethylene glycol methacrylate and allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol ether, and the molecular weight of the unsaturated polyether is 1000-3000. In particular, when the molecular weight of the unsaturated polyether is at least two grades, the effect is better, for example, when the unsaturated polyether with the number average molecular weight of 1200 and 2000 is adopted, the effect is better than when the unsaturated polyether with the data molecular weight of 2000 is adopted singly.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the initiator is one of persulfate initiator and redox initiator, which are common in the art, and thus are not described herein; the initiator may be added in an amount common in the art, for example, 0.5 to 2% by mass of the unsaturated polyether. The chain transfer agent is one of mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropanol, mercaptoacetic acid and mercaptopropionic acid, is common in the field, and the addition amount of the chain transfer agent is the same as that of a conventional chain transfer agent and can be 0.2-0.8% of the mass of the unsaturated polyether.
The anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer is prepared by adopting any one of the methods.
The invention has the advantages that:
the preparation method of the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer is simple, the adopted raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the preparation conditions are mild, so that the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer is convenient for mass production; the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer disclosed by the invention can increase the anti-mud property of concrete, and can also reduce the rebound rate of the concrete, so that the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer has a good application value.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for the purpose of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, unless otherwise indicated, the procedures used were those conventional in the art.
In the examples which follow, materials used, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional materials in the art, mature commercial products.
Example 1: in this example, the first monomer was prepared from 2- (3-aminopropanamido) -ethanethiol phosphate and acryloyl chloride in a molar ratio of 1:1.1, and the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer was prepared from acrylic acid, the first monomer, allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 2400), allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 1500), and sodium allylsulfonate in a molar ratio of 10:2.5:2:2:1.8. Specifically, the preparation method is as follows.
Preparation of the first monomer: dissolving 21.4g of 2- (3-aminopropylamino) -ethanethiol phosphate and 9.9g of acryloyl chloride in methylene dichloride respectively, adding 11.0g of triethylamine into the 2- (3-aminopropylamino) -ethanethiol phosphate solution under the ice bath and continuous stirring conditions, then dropwise adding the acryloyl chloride solution, reacting for 8 hours at 20 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, adding water equal to the reaction solution, stirring uniformly and standing for 10 minutes; and adding diethyl ether with the water amount of 3 times, uniformly mixing, separating liquid, taking a water phase, repeating the operation for 2 times, and removing water from the water phase under the condition of reduced pressure to obtain the first monomer.
And (3) preparing an anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer: taking 7.2g of acrylic acid, 6.7g of a first monomer and 2.6g of sodium allylsulfonate, respectively adding water to prepare a solution, simultaneously taking 48g of allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol ether (with the number average molecular weight of 2400) and 30g of allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol ether (with the number average molecular weight of 1500), adding water to prepare a polyether solution, adding 0.7g of potassium persulfate and 0.3g of mercaptoethanol into the polyether solution under the conditions of 60 ℃, introducing nitrogen to deoxidize and continuously stirring, simultaneously dripping the acrylic acid solution, the first monomer solution and the sodium allylsulfonate solution into the polyether solution, reacting for 2 hours after the dripping is finished, and removing the solvent by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished.
Example 2: in this example, the first monomer was prepared from 2- (3-aminopropanamido) -ethanethiol phosphate and methacryloyl chloride in a molar ratio of 1:1.05, and the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer was prepared from acrylic acid, the first monomer, allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 2400), and sodium allylsulfonate in a molar ratio of 10:1.2:3.2:1.0. Specifically, the preparation method is as follows.
Preparation of the first monomer: the difference from example 1 is that 10.0g of acryloyl chloride is replaced by 10.9g of methacryloyl chloride, the reaction temperature is 25℃and the reaction time is 6h, the remainder being identical.
And (3) preparing an anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer: the difference from example 1 was that the amount of the first monomer added was 3.4g and the amount of sodium allylsulfonate added was 1.4g, while 48g of allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 2400) and 30g of allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 1500) were replaced with 76.8g of allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 2400), and the rest were the same.
Example 3: in the embodiment, the first monomer is prepared from 2- (3-aminopropanamido) -ethanethiol phosphate and acryloyl chloride in a molar ratio of 1:1.15, and the anti-mud polycarboxylic acid water reducer is prepared from acrylic acid, the first monomer, polyethylene glycol methacrylate (number average molecular weight 1500) and sodium p-styrenesulfonate in a molar ratio of 10:2:4.5:0.7. Specifically, the preparation method is as follows.
Preparation of the first monomer: the difference from example 1 was that the amount of the acrylic acid chloride added was 10.4g, and the rest was the same.
And (3) preparing an anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer: the difference from example 1 was that the amount of the first monomer added was 5.4g, the amount of sodium p-styrenesulfonate added was 1.4g, 48g of allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol ether (number average molecular weight 2400) and 30g of allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol ether (number average molecular weight 1500) were simultaneously replaced with 67.5g of polyethylene glycol methacrylate (number average molecular weight 1500), 0.7g of potassium persulfate was replaced with 0.6g of potassium persulfate-sodium hydrogen sulfite in a mass ratio of 1:1, the reaction temperature was 40℃and the reaction time was 3 hours, and the rest was the same.
Example 4: the difference from example 2 is that 76.8g of allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 2400) are replaced by 105g of allyl alcohol polyglycol ether (number average molecular weight 3500), the remainder being identical.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 1, this example differs in that 6.7g of the first monomer was replaced with 5.7g of 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester phosphate in the preparation of the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, the remainder being the same.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the amount of the first monomer added in the preparation of the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer was changed to 10.7g, and the rest was the same.
Comparative example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the amount of allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol ether (number average molecular weight 2400) added in the preparation of the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer was changed to 96g, and the remainder was the same.
In order to further highlight the technical effects of the present invention, performance tests were performed on the above-described embodiments.
1. Basic Performance test
The cement used in the test process is Portland cement with the mark of 42.5 produced by Anhui sea snail Cement Co., ltd., sand is middle sand, stone with the continuous grading of 5-15mm particle size is used as broken stone, montmorillonite with different percentage contents is added as soil (relative to cement), and the addition of the anti-mud type polycarboxylic acid water reducer is 0.5%. The final test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 test results
As can be seen from Table 1, the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good water reduction rate and low water seepage rate. And those skilled in the art know that when the water content and the water-clearing rate of concrete are low, the concrete can be better applied to sprayed concrete and has low rebound quantity.
2. Early strength of concrete
1% of montmorillonite is added into Portland cement with the mark number of 42.5, medium sand and continuous graded broken stone with the particle size of 5-15mm are adopted to prepare concrete, and meanwhile, 4% of HQ type commercial accelerator, 0.2% of anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 1% of calcium formate early strength agent are added into the concrete; the compressive strength was tested according to the method in GB 8076-2008 concrete admixture Specification. The final test results are shown in Table 2, and in Table 2, the curing temperature was 20℃based on concrete to which the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer of the example of the present invention was not added.
TABLE 2 early strength test results of concrete
As can be seen from table 2, the anti-mud type polycarboxylate superplasticizer of the embodiment of the invention has good anti-mud performance.
3. Rebound testing
The rebound was evaluated by the following method: 1% montmorillonite is added into cement, medium sand and broken stone with the grain diameter of 5-15mm and continuous grading are adopted to prepare concrete, 4% HQ type commercial accelerator, 0.2% anti-mud polycarboxylate water reducer and 1% calcium formate early strength agent are added into the concrete, and the concrete is sprayed by standard operation for 1.0m 3 Spraying a 10cm thick spraying layer on the arch part with the length of 3.0m, collecting rebound materials by using a baffle plate paved on the ground, weighing and converting the rebound materials into volume, wherein the ratio of the volume of the rebound materials to the volume of the total sprayed concrete is the rebound rate. The final results are shown in Table 3, wherein the blank is XZH-412 type commercial polycarboxylate superplasticizer, preparedIn the case of concrete, the water-cement ratio was 0.26.
Table 3 rebound test results
As can be seen from table 3, the sprayed concrete added with the anti-mud type polycarboxylate water reducer of the embodiment of the present invention satisfies the requirement in the prior art that the rebound rate of the sprayed concrete is not more than 25% (vault); compared with the conventional water reducer, the water reducer provided by the embodiment of the invention can also reduce the rebound rate of sprayed concrete to a certain extent.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical matters of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
carrying out amidation reaction on 2- (3-aminopropanamino) -ethanethiol phosphate and acryloyl halide with a molar ratio of 1:1-1.2 to obtain a first monomer;
the molar ratio is 10: 1-3: 3-5: 0.5-2 of a second monomer, a first monomer, unsaturated polyether, unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt thereof, respectively preparing solutions, heating to 40-70 ℃, respectively dripping the second monomer solution, the first monomer solution, the unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt solution thereof into the unsaturated polyether, simultaneously adding a chain transfer agent and an initiator, and reacting for 1-4 hours to obtain the catalyst;
the second monomer is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acryloyl halide is one of acryloyl chloride, acryloyl bromide, methacryloyl chloride, methacryloyl bromide.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated sulfonic acid or salt thereof is at least one of allylsulfonic acid or salt thereof, p-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid or salt thereof, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or salt thereof.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amidation reaction is specifically performed by dissolving 2- (3-aminopropanamino) -ethyl mercaptan phosphate and acrylic halide in a solvent respectively, adding an acid binding agent into the 2- (3-aminopropanamino) -ethyl mercaptan phosphate solution, dropwise adding the acrylic halide solution into the 2- (3-aminopropanamino) -ethyl mercaptan phosphate solution under an ice bath condition, reacting for 5-20 h at 0-30 ℃ after the dropwise adding, and separating and purifying after the reaction is finished.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the solvent is one of dichloromethane, N-dimethylformamide.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the specific operations of separation and purification are as follows: adding at least 1 time of water into the reacted solution, and uniformly stirring; adding enough diethyl ether, stirring, separating liquid, collecting water phase, repeating the above steps for several times, removing water, and drying.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated polyether is one of polyethylene glycol methacrylate and allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol ether, and has a molecular weight of 1000-3000.
8. The method of claim 1 or 7, wherein the unsaturated polyether has at least two molecular weight grades.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initiator is one of a persulfate initiator and a redox initiator, and the chain transfer agent is one of mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropanol, mercaptoacetic acid and mercaptopropionic acid.
10. An anti-mud polycarboxylate superplasticizer prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-9.
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