CN117430439B - Composite refractory material for melting furnace top and upper part and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite refractory material for melting furnace top and upper part and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117430439B CN117430439B CN202311757139.6A CN202311757139A CN117430439B CN 117430439 B CN117430439 B CN 117430439B CN 202311757139 A CN202311757139 A CN 202311757139A CN 117430439 B CN117430439 B CN 117430439B
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- rich spinel
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical class [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphoric acid diAluminum hydroxide Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
- C04B35/443—Magnesium aluminate spinel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/02—Crowns; Roofs
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
- C04B2235/401—Alkaline earth metals
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate, hypophosphite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite refractory material for a furnace top and an upper part of a melting furnace, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of refractory materials. The composite refractory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity of 5-3 mm; 15-25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 12-20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 10-25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088 mm; 10-25 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 3-1 mm; 15-20 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 10-15 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder; 5-10 parts of high-purity magnesium powder; 2.5-3.5 parts of binding agent. The composite refractory material has excellent performances in the aspects of volume density, porosity, strength, thermal shock resistance and the like, and can solve the problem that the top and the upper part of the melting furnace of the existing refractory material are easily corroded and damaged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of refractory materials, and in particular relates to a composite refractory material for a furnace top and an upper part of a melting furnace, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The red mud is waste residue discharged in the alumina production process, and the problems of extremely low utilization rate, huge red mud stacking become worldwide problems due to the reasons of technology, cost and the like. At present, the full utilization of red mud can be realized by a new process flow of direct reduction firing of coal base, magnetic separation of slag and iron and mother liquor dissolution in China. The process flow specifically comprises the following steps: adding brown coal (carbon, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and the like) into the high-iron red mud dissolved by the Bayer process as a reducing agent, adding bentonite, pressing into balls under high pressure, mineralizing by a rotary hearth furnace, catalyzing and reducing into elemental iron or ferric oxide to form balls, adding a small amount of lime and coke powder, melting in a melting furnace, and controlling parameters such as liquid-solid ratio and the like to dissolve clinker in alkali liquor after the high-iron red mud is melted in a melting furnace. The specific gravity of iron is relatively large, molten iron sinks to the bottom of the lower layer, slag rich in a large amount of silicon dioxide floats to the upper layer of the molten iron, and slag and molten iron are separated, so that high-alumina lye and iron-rich residues are obtained. The upper layer contains ferric oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide and other components, and is the main raw material for producing mineral cotton. Molten iron at the bottom of the lower layer is discharged through a tap hole to produce high-quality molten iron, and the product can be used as a semisteel raw material for electric furnace steelmaking. The technology can realize comprehensive utilization of Bayer process red mud.
During melting in a melting furnace, alkaline slag attack is very severe because of the very high alkaline content. And in the working condition environment of the lower layer non-iron and non-steel, if the working condition is according to the ironmaking working condition, the aluminum-silicon series material added with the carbon-containing material for the furnace lining material is optimal, and if the working condition is steelmaking, the alkaline carbon-containing material is optimal. The smelting working condition of the red mud is acid and alkali slag erosion and ultrahigh temperature (1600-1800 ℃), the temperature change in the smelting process is very severe, and the working conditions of the upper part and the lower part of the whole molten pool are very different: the upper part of the melt is pure acid melt, and the lower part of the melt is alkaline melt. In the use process, the environment in the molten pool is greatly changed, the temperature is severely fluctuated, and the atmosphere is acid and alkali. The melting furnace is internally provided with high alumina, magnesia (magnesia-chrome, magnesia spinel, magnesia-alumina spinel), alumina spinel, magnesia-carbon brick, alumina-magnesia-carbon brick, chrome corundum and the like as refractory materials, and the problems that furnace lining materials are completely melted to block a tap hole, a furnace body becomes red in high-temperature smelting, the furnace body burns through, a furnace hearth is completely melted to be damaged by using 1-3 furnaces and the like are respectively caused. Therefore, the refractory for the melting furnace has a problem of restricting the development of the melting technology.
The melting furnace is particularly applied to the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace, and mainly solves the problems that: the melting furnace is heated by flame ignition and hot air flow, a large amount of hot air flow is gathered at the furnace top part, the furnace top temperature can reach 1700-1800 ℃, and in addition, strong alkali atmosphere formed in the red mud smelting process can seriously erode the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace, so that brick bodies can be peeled off, the structure is unstable, meanwhile, the furnace temperature is 1300 ℃ during charging, the temperature in the furnace reaches 1800 ℃ during firing, the temperature in the furnace is cold and hot alternately, the temperature of the furnace top air flow is severely fluctuated, and the refractory bricks are cracked, peeled off and even crashed. The furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace are commonly used with high-purity magnesia bricks, high-purity corundum bricks, hollow sphere bricks and the like at present, but in actual use, the high-purity magnesia bricks are easy to crack, and the high-purity corundum bricks, the hollow sphere bricks and the like are easy to have structural damage and even completely melt due to severe erosion of ultra-high temperature strong alkaline atmosphere.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the top and the upper part of the melting furnace are easily corroded and damaged by the existing refractory materials, and provides a composite refractory material for the top and the upper part of the melting furnace, and a manufacturing method and application thereof.
The invention provides a composite refractory material for a furnace top and an upper part of a melting furnace, which is prepared from magnesia-rich spinel, high-purity magnesia, fused magnesia powder, high-purity magnesia powder and a binding agent, wherein the composite refractory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity of 5-3 mm;
15-25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
12-20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity of 1-0.088 mm;
10-25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088 mm;
10-25 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 3-1 mm;
15-20 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm;
10-15 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder;
5-10 parts of high-purity magnesium powder;
2.5-3.5 parts of binding agent.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composite refractory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm;
20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
16 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm;
17 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm;
17 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
17 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm;
12 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder;
8 parts of high-purity magnesium powder;
3 parts of binding agent.
In one embodiment of the invention, the magnesium-rich spinel comprises 65wt% Al 2 O 3 And 30wt% MgO.
In one embodiment of the invention, the binding agent consists of 1 part by weight of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.6 to 0.7 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the binding agent is prepared by the steps of:
mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micropowder in a ball mill for 12-16 hours;
adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 10-20 minutes;
blending with warm water to obtain gel.
In one embodiment of the invention, the binder has a Baume of 50-52 Bes.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing the above composite refractory material, the method comprising:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 5-8 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing magnesia-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088mm, electric smelting magnesium powder and high-purity magnesium powder for 10-15 min to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 10-15 minutes, adding the premixed powder, mixing for 8-12 minutes, and trapping for 20-28 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 80-150 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
In one embodiment of the invention, the binding agent consists of 1 part by weight of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.6 to 0.7 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the binding agent is prepared by the steps of:
mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micropowder in a ball mill for 12-16 hours;
adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 10-20 minutes;
blending with warm water to obtain gel.
The third aspect of the invention provides the application of the composite refractory material or the composite refractory material prepared by the preparation method to the top and the upper part of a melting furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) The composite refractory material has excellent performances in the aspects of volume density, porosity, strength, thermal shock resistance and the like, and the specific technical indexes are as follows: porosity of 12-13%, volume density of 3.1 g/cm 3 The compressive strength is above 92MP, the high resistance is 6-8MP at 1450 ℃, and the thermal shock resistance (water cooling at 1000 ℃ and DIN standard) is more than or equal to 29 times.
(2) The fused magnesia powder and the high-purity magnesia powder in the matrix and the main material magnesium-rich spinel undergo secondary spinel reaction, the generated secondary spinel has different phase sizes, and gaps among the main material magnesium-rich spinel are filled and combined, so that the material structure is compact, the air holes are miniaturized, and the erosion resistance and the thermal shock resistance of the material are improved.
(3) The solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, the magnesium hydroxide micro powder and the sodium hexametaphosphate are selected to prepare the binding agent, acid radicals of the solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and the sodium hexametaphosphate react with the magnesium hydroxide micro powder chemically, so that the chemical bond combination of the binding agent is improved, the tackiness is improved, the binding capacity is enhanced, and the performances of the composite refractory material such as volume density, porosity and strength are further improved.
Detailed Description
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
The technical scheme of the invention is described below through specific examples. It is to be understood that the reference to one or more steps of the invention does not exclude the presence of other methods and steps before or after the combination of steps, or that other methods and steps may be interposed between the explicitly mentioned steps. It should also be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the method steps is for the purpose of identifying the method steps only and is not intended to limit the order of arrangement of the method steps or to limit the scope of the invention, which relative changes or modifications may be regarded as the scope of the invention which may be practiced without substantial technical content modification.
The raw materials and instruments used in the examples are not particularly limited in their sources, and may be purchased on the market or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm; 20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 16 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 17 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 12 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder; 8 parts of high-purity magnesium powder; 3 parts of binding agent. Wherein the binder consists of 1 weight part of solid phosphoric acid diAluminum hydroxide, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.65 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate. The magnesium rich spinel comprises 65wt% Al 2 O 3 And 30wt% MgO.
The preparation method of the composite refractory material comprises the following steps:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 7 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing magnesia-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088mm, fused magnesia powder and high-purity magnesia powder for 12 minutes to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 12 minutes to enable the gel to be fully and uniformly wrapped on each particle, adding premixed powder, mixing for 10 minutes, and trapping the mixture for 24 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 100 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
Wherein the binding agent is prepared by the steps of: mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micro powder in a ball mill for 16 hours; adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 20 minutes; blending with warm water to obtain gel. The binder obtained has a Baume of 52 DEG Be.
Through testing, the composite refractory material achieves the following technical indexes:
example 2
The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm; 25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 10 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm; 10 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 3-1 mm; 20 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 10 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder; 5 parts of high-purity magnesium powder; 2.5 parts of binding agent. Wherein the binding agent consists of 1 part by weight of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.7 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate.
The preparation method of the composite refractory material comprises the following steps:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 5 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing magnesia-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088mm, fused magnesia powder and high-purity magnesia powder for 10 minutes to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 10 minutes to enable the gel to be fully and uniformly wrapped on each particle, adding premixed powder, mixing for 8 minutes, and trapping the mixture for 24 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 80 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
Wherein the binding agent is prepared by the steps of: mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micro powder in a ball mill for 16 hours; adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 20 minutes; blending with warm water to obtain gel. The binder obtained has a Baume of 52 DEG Be.
Through testing, the composite refractory material achieves the following technical indexes:
example 3
The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm; 15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 12 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm; 25 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 15 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 15 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder; 10 parts of high-purity magnesium powder; 3.5 parts of binding agent. Wherein the binding agent consists of 1 part by weight of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.7 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate.
The preparation method of the composite refractory material comprises the following steps:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 8 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing magnesia-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088mm, fused magnesia powder and high-purity magnesia powder for 15 minutes to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 15 minutes to enable the gel to be fully and uniformly wrapped on each particle, adding premixed powder, mixing for 12 minutes, and trapping the mixture for 24 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 150 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
Wherein the binding agent is prepared by the steps of: mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micro powder in a ball mill for 16 hours; adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 20 minutes; blending with warm water to obtain gel. The binder obtained has a Baume of 52 DEG Be.
Through testing, the composite refractory material achieves the following technical indexes:
comparative example 1
The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm; 20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 16 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 17 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 3 parts of binding agent. Wherein the binding agent consists of 1 part by weight of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.65 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate.
The preparation method of the composite refractory material comprises the following steps:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 7 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing the magnesia-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088mm for 12 minutes to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 12 minutes to enable the gel to be fully and uniformly wrapped on each particle, adding premixed powder, mixing for 10 minutes, and trapping the mixture for 24 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 100 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
Wherein the binding agent is prepared by the steps of: mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micro powder in a ball mill for 16 hours; adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 20 minutes; blending with warm water to obtain gel. The binder obtained has a Baume of 52 DEG Be.
Through testing, the composite refractory material achieves the following technical indexes:
the comparative example does not contain fused magnesium powder and high-purity magnesium powder, and compared with the composite material added with fused magnesium powder and high-purity magnesium powder, the MgO/Al of the comparative example 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is reduced, the brittleness of the material is increased, thereby reducing the thermal shock stability of the composite refractory material and influencing the service life.
Comparative example 2
The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm; 20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 16 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 17 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 12 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder; 8 parts of high-purity magnesium powder; 3 parts of binding agent. Wherein the bonding agent consists of 0.8 weight part of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8 weight part of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 1 weight part of sodium hexametaphosphate
The preparation method of the composite refractory material comprises the following steps:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 7 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing magnesia-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088mm, fused magnesia powder and high-purity magnesia powder for 12 minutes to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 12 minutes to enable the gel to be fully and uniformly wrapped on each particle, adding premixed powder, mixing for 10 minutes, and trapping the mixture for 24 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 100 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
Wherein the binding agent is prepared by the steps of: mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micro powder in a ball mill for 16 hours; adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 20 minutes; blending with warm water to obtain gel. The binder obtained has a Baume of 52 DEG Be.
Through testing, the composite refractory material achieves the following technical indexes:
the addition of the solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and the magnesium hydroxide micro powder in the comparative example is reduced, so that the bonding performance of the material is reduced, and meanwhile, the addition of the sodium hexametaphosphate is increased, so that the viscosity of the bonding agent is reduced, the tendency of the reduction of the bonding capability of the whole bonding agent is enhanced, and the reduction of various performances such as the density, the strength and the like of the composite refractory material is caused.
Comparative example 3
The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm; 20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 16 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 17 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 3 parts of binding agent. Wherein the binding agent is white dextrin binding agent.
The preparation method of the composite refractory material comprises the following steps:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 7 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing the magnesia-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088mm for 12 minutes to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 12 minutes to enable the gel to be fully and uniformly wrapped on each particle, adding premixed powder, mixing for 10 minutes, and trapping the mixture for 24 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 100 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
Through testing, the composite refractory material achieves the following technical indexes:
the comparative example does not contain fused magnesia powder and high-purity magnesia powder, and uses a white dextrin bonding agent, the white dextrin generally has the functions of improving the plasticity and the machinability of the material, preventing corrosion and degradation in the use environment, belonging to an organic bonding agent, losing bonding performance due to low-temperature burning loss, and simultaneously causing the rise of porosity, the decrease of body density, the decrease of strength and the like of the composite refractory material due to the burning loss.
Comparative example 4
The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm; 20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 16 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm; 17 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm; 17 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm; 12 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder; 8 parts of high-purity magnesium powder; 6 parts of a binding agent. Wherein the binding agent consists of 1 part by weight of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.6-0.7 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate.
The preparation method of the composite refractory material comprises the following steps:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 7 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing magnesia-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088mm, fused magnesia powder and high-purity magnesia powder for 12 minutes to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 12 minutes to enable the gel to be fully and uniformly wrapped on each particle, adding premixed powder, mixing for 10 minutes, and trapping the mixture for 24 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 100 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
Wherein the binding agent is prepared by the steps of: mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micro powder in a ball mill for 16 hours; adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 20 minutes; blending with warm water to obtain gel. The binder obtained has a Baume of 52 DEG Be.
Through testing, the composite refractory material achieves the following technical indexes:
in the comparative example, the content of the binding agent is too high, excessive acid radicals can react with impurities in the material, such as iron, so that the material heats and smokes, the binding performance is lost, the material is loose, and various performance indexes are greatly reduced.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The composite refractory material for the furnace top and the upper part of the melting furnace is characterized by being prepared from magnesia-rich spinel, high-purity magnesia, fused magnesia powder, high-purity magnesia powder and a binding agent, wherein the composite refractory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity of 5-3 mm;
15-25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
12-20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity of 1-0.088 mm;
10-25 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088 mm;
10-25 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 3-1 mm;
15-20 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm;
10-15 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder;
5-10 parts of high-purity magnesium powder;
2.5-3.5 parts of binding agent;
the binding agent consists of 1 part by weight of solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part by weight of magnesium hydroxide micropowder and 0.6-0.7 part by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate.
2. The composite refractory material according to claim 1, wherein the composite refractory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 5-3 mm;
20 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
16 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity of 1-0.088 mm;
17 parts of magnesium-rich spinel with the granularity less than 0.088 mm;
17 parts of high-purity magnesia with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
17 parts of high-purity magnesia with granularity of 1-0 mm;
12 parts of electric smelting magnesium powder;
8 parts of high-purity magnesium powder;
3 parts of binding agent.
3. The composite refractory of claim 1, wherein the magnesium-rich spinel comprises 65wt% Al 2 O 3 And 30wt% MgO.
4. The composite refractory of claim 1, wherein the binder is prepared by:
mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micropowder in a ball mill for 12-16 hours;
adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 10-20 minutes;
blending with warm water to obtain gel.
5. The composite refractory of claim 1, wherein the binder has a baume of 50-52 °be.
6. The method of producing a composite refractory according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method of producing comprises:
A. premixing 5-3mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm magnesia-rich spinel, 1-0.088mm magnesia-rich spinel, 3-1mm high-purity magnesia and 1-0mm high-purity magnesia for 5-8 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
B. stirring and premixing magnesia-rich spinel with granularity less than 0.088mm, electric smelting magnesium powder and high-purity magnesium powder for 10-15 min to obtain premixed powder;
C. adding a binding agent into the premixed aggregate, mixing for 10-15 minutes, adding the premixed powder, mixing for 8-12 minutes, and trapping for 20-28 hours;
D. and (3) performing compression molding, drying at 80-150 ℃ and sintering at 1650 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the composite refractory material.
7. The method of preparation of claim 6, wherein the binding agent is prepared by:
mixing and co-grinding solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium hydroxide micropowder in a ball mill for 12-16 hours;
adding sodium hexametaphosphate, mixing and stirring for 10-20 minutes;
blending with warm water to obtain gel.
8. Use of a composite refractory according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a composite refractory prepared by a method according to any one of claims 6 to 7 in the roof and upper part of a melting furnace.
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| CN104961485A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-07 | 海城市中兴高档镁质砖有限公司 | Magnesium spinel refractory material high in thermal shock resistance and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113603461A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-11-05 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | RH high-adhesion-rate gunning mix and preparation method thereof |
| CN115417658A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-12-02 | 辽宁中镁新材料有限公司 | Novel magnesium aluminate spinel brick for cement kiln burning zone and production method thereof |
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