CN117429095A - High-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117429095A CN117429095A CN202311754121.0A CN202311754121A CN117429095A CN 117429095 A CN117429095 A CN 117429095A CN 202311754121 A CN202311754121 A CN 202311754121A CN 117429095 A CN117429095 A CN 117429095A
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- fiber fabric
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- fabric
- heat
- lubricating
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 125
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical group O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical group S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical group [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-methylmethanamine Chemical group [B].CNC RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940116202 nickel sulfate hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000276 potassium ferrocyanide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940074439 potassium sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical group O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
- B29B15/122—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex
- B29B15/125—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex by dipping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
- B29B15/14—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length of filaments or wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/25—Solid
- B29K2105/251—Particles, powder or granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/04—Bearings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3009—Sulfides
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: performing chemical plating on the surface of the selected fiber fabric to form a metal plating layer; cleaning the fiber fabric with the metal coating, and then immersing the fiber fabric in an impregnating solution containing impregnating resin to form a fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin; and curing and forming the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin by a hot pressing mode. According to the invention, the metal layer is plated on the surface of the fiber fabric, so that the heat generated in the friction process is effectively radiated by utilizing the high heat conduction property of the metal; in addition, the fiber fabric with the metal layer plated on the surface is subjected to resin impregnation protection, so that the metal layer can be effectively ensured to continuously and stably generate heat dissipation and cooling effects in the friction process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of self-lubricating materials, and particularly relates to a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The joint bearing is one kind of sliding bearing, and has simple structure and consists of mainly one outer ring with inner sphere and one inner ring with outer sphere, and one self-lubricating lining is embedded or adhered between the outer ring and the inner ring. The self-lubricating liner is a key factor for ensuring that the joint bearing has the excellent performances of strong bearing capacity, impact resistance, long service life and the like in various high-tech fields such as aerospace and the like.
The fabric-based self-lubricating joint bearing has the advantages of simple structure, no maintenance, no need of adding lubricant and the like, and plays an important role in civil aerospace and aircraft landing gear, brake pad, self-lubricating bearing and high heat conduction sealing system of engine. However, the low service life of aerospace self-lubricating bearings increases replacement costs, and frequent maintenance can result in reduced reaction rates and combat forces for fighters; bearing lubrication failure can easily lead to direct metal-to-friction component contact, causing seizing at critical locations.
The common fiber fabric liner is formed by weaving high-performance aramid fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene fiber serving as raw materials, then dipping and shaping, and bonding the fabric into a whole through resin in the dipping liquid so as to improve abrasion resistance and bearing capacity, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber plays a role in lubrication and the high-performance aramid fiber plays a role in skeleton reinforcement.
However, the intrinsic thermal conductivity of both the aramid and the resin is very low and cannot play a role in heat transfer. Under load, the liner is subjected to severe friction during high-speed rotation, which can cause local overheating. When the bearing works under the working condition for a long time, the ageing of the bearing liner is accelerated by the severe change of the temperature, so that the service life of the bearing is shortened.
The introduction of highly thermally conductive fillers in gaskets is the most common solution to improve thermal conductivity, such as nano-metal powders, nano-metal compounds, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and other carbon-based fillers, etc. But only when the filler is added in a higher volume ratio, the particles can contact each other to form a heat conduction path. However, excessive addition of the heat conductive filler in the resin not only causes an increase in cost and mass, but also causes a great decrease in mechanical supporting performance of the gasket, resulting in a drastic decrease in lubrication and wear resistance of the material. How to coordinate the volume of filler and the contradiction between the lubricating and supporting properties of the composite material remains an unresolved problem. Therefore, research and design of a method for preparing a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner is needed, and the heat conductivity of the self-lubricating liner is improved while the lubrication effect and wear-resistant property of the liner are ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner and a preparation method thereof. The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, which comprises the following steps:
performing chemical plating on the surface of the selected fiber fabric to form a metal plating layer;
cleaning the fiber fabric with the metal coating, and then immersing the fiber fabric in an impregnating solution containing impregnating resin to form a fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin;
and curing and forming the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin by a hot pressing mode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the selected fiber fabric is an aramid fiber fabric with an areal density of 180-400 g/m 2 The fineness of the fiber is 280-1200D, and the thickness is 0.25-0.3 mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, electroless plating is performed on a selected fiber fabric surface to form a metal plating layer, comprising:
carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the aramid fabric;
soaking the aramid fiber fabric subjected to ultrasonic cleaning into a sensitizer to obtain sensitized aramid fiber fabric;
soaking the sensitized aramid fabric into a catalyst, and performing activation treatment on the surface of the sensitized aramid fabric to obtain an activated aramid fabric;
and immersing the activated aramid fabric into a plating solution added with a reducing agent to generate a metal plating layer on the surface of the activated aramid fabric.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sensitizer is a dopamine solution, comprising dopamine powder and a mixed solvent, wherein the mixed solvent is ethanol water solution, and the mass ratio of the dopamine powder to the ethanol water solution is (0.05-0.2): 1.
In one embodiment of the invention, the catalyst is an ammonium chloropalladate aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the ammonium chloropalladate powder to the pure water in the ammonium chloropalladate aqueous solution is (0.002-0.01): 1.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal plating layer is a copper plating layer or a nickel plating layer, and the thickness is 10-30 μm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the metal plating layer is a copper plating layer, the plating solution used is a copper plating solution, which is a mixed solution of pure water, naOH, potassium sodium tartrate, sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, potassium ferrocyanide, 2'2 bipyridine and copper sulfate pentahydrate; the reducing agent is formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 2% -10%, and the mass ratio of the copper plating solution to the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 1 (0.03% -0.1);
when the metal coating is a nickel coating, the used plating solution is a nickel plating solution, the nickel plating solution comprises a solution A and a solution B, wherein the solution A is a mixed solution of pure water, nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate and lactic acid, the solution B is a dimethyl amine borane aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.3% -1%, and the used reducing agent is ammonia water.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a fiber web having a metal plating layer is washed and then immersed in an immersion liquid containing an immersion resin to form a fiber web loaded with the immersion resin, comprising:
and (3) cleaning and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating, then immersing the fiber fabric in an immersion liquid, carrying out ultrasonic vibration in the immersion process, and then drying the fiber fabric, wherein the immersion process and the drying are repeated for a plurality of times in a cycle to obtain the fiber fabric loaded with the immersion resin, the immersion liquid comprises phenolic resin, a diluent and a lubricating phase, the diluent comprises absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate, and the lubricating phase is molybdenum disulfide powder or polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for curing and forming a fiber fabric loaded with impregnating resin by hot pressing comprises the following steps:
and respectively filling a release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin, and then performing hot press molding on a hot press to obtain the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, wherein the hot press temperature is 180-220 ℃, the hot press pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, and the hot press time is 1-3 h.
The invention further provides a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner prepared by the preparation method of the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, the metal layer is plated on the surface of the fiber fabric, and the high heat-conductivity of metal is utilized to effectively dissipate heat generated in the friction process; in addition, the fiber fabric with the metal layer plated on the surface is subjected to resin impregnation protection, so that the metal layer can be effectively ensured to continuously and stably generate heat dissipation and cooling effects in the friction process, and the preparation method has the characteristics of simple process, low cost, high practicability and the like.
2. The invention avoids the defect that the lubricating performance of the phenolic resin is obviously reduced above 300 ℃, and improves the high-temperature friction performance of the liner; meanwhile, molybdenum disulfide powder and polytetrafluoroethylene powder impregnated resin are introduced, so that the high-temperature brittleness and high-temperature lack of lubricity of the traditional thermosetting phenolic resin are compensated in the friction process, the traditional thermosetting phenolic resin and lubricating fiber can be effectively blended, and the high-temperature lubricity of the fabric composite material is improved through synergistic effect, so that the prepared liner is suitable for a high-temperature heavy-load environment.
3. The high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner prepared by the preparation method has excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, self-lubricating property, uniformity, compactness and high heat conductivity, and is suitable for being used as the self-lubricating liner of a sliding bearing.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a microscopic view of an aramid fabric provided by an embodiment of the present invention before electroless plating;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic view of an aramid fabric provided by an embodiment of the present invention after nickel plating;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic view of an aramid fabric provided by an embodiment of the present invention after copper plating;
fig. 5 is a graph of heat dissipation for an original aramid fabric and a highly thermally conductive, wear resistant, self-lubricating liner made using the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner and the preparation method thereof according to the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The foregoing and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood through the description of the specific embodiments, however, the attached drawings are provided for reference and description only, and are not intended to limit the technical scheme of the present invention.
It should be noted that in this document relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in an article or apparatus that comprises the element.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a preparation method of a high heat conduction wear-resistant self-lubricating liner according to an embodiment of the present invention. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: and (3) performing chemical plating on the surface of the selected fiber fabric to form a metal plating layer.
In the embodiment, the selected fiber fabric is an aramid fiber fabric with an areal density of 180-400 g/m 2 The fineness of the fiber is 280-1200D, and the thickness is 0.25-0.3 mm. In other embodiments of the invention, the fibrous web may also be other materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, cotton or polyester.
The embodiment attaches a metal plating layer on the surface of the fiber fabric through oxidation-reduction reaction in an electroless plating mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1.1: and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the selected aramid fabric. And (3) carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the aramid fabric cut into the required size by using acetone, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning time is 60-180 min, and then washing by using pure water to remove surface impurities.
S1.2: soaking the aramid fiber fabric subjected to ultrasonic cleaning into a sensitizer to obtain the sensitized aramid fiber fabric, so that the surface of the aramid fiber fabric is easy to undergo oxidation reaction.
The sensitizer of the embodiment is a dopamine solution, the dopamine solution comprises dopamine powder and a mixed solvent, the mixed solvent is ethanol water solution, and the mass ratio of the dopamine powder to the ethanol water solution is (0.05-0.2): 1. Preferably, dilution is performed with 10 mL pure water and 10 mL absolute ethanol relative to 1 g dopamine powder.
Specifically, placing the aramid fabric subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in a dopamine solution, soaking for 4-8 hours, taking out, washing and drying.
S1.3: soaking the sensitized aramid fiber fabric into a catalyst, and activating the surface of the sensitized aramid fiber fabric to increase the surface activity of the aramid fiber fabric, so as to obtain the activated aramid fiber fabric, and the surface of the aramid fiber fabric is enabled to obtain a noble metal simple substance serving as a reduction center.
The catalyst selected in this example was an aqueous solution of ammonium chloropalladate. The proportion of the ammonium chloropalladate aqueous solution is ammonium chloropalladate powder: pure water= (0.002 to 0.01): 1. The soaking time of the sensitized aramid fabric in the catalyst is 4-8 hours.
S1.4: and immersing the activated aramid fabric into a plating solution added with a reducing agent to generate a metal plating layer on the surface of the activated aramid fabric.
In the embodiment, the soaking time of the activated aramid fabric in the plating solution is 30-180 min, and the metal plating layer is a copper plating layer or a nickel plating layer, and the thickness is 10-30 mu m.
If the metal coating is copper coating, the plating solution used in the chemical plating process is copper plating solution, and the copper plating solution is a mixed solution of pure water, naOH (sodium hydroxide), potassium sodium tartrate, sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, potassium ferrocyanide, 2'2 bipyridine and copper sulfate pentahydrate. The specific formula is as follows: adding 14.5 g of NaOH, 14 g of potassium sodium tartrate, 19.5 g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid sodium salt, 0.01 g of potassium ferrocyanide and 0.02g of 2'2 bipyridine into 1L of pure water in sequence, stirring for 20 min to uniformly mix, and adding 15 g of copper sulfate pentahydrate into the formed mixed solution to form copper plating solution; the reducing agent is formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 2% -10%, and the mass ratio of the copper plating solution to the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 1 (0.03% -0.1).
If the metal coating is a nickel coating, the plating solution used in the chemical plating process is a nickel plating solution, wherein the nickel plating solution comprises a solution A and a solution B, the solution A is a mixed solution of pure water, nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate and lactic acid, the solution B is a dimethyl amine borane aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.3% -1%, and the reducing agent used is ammonia water. Specifically, the mixture ratio of the solution A is as follows: adding nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate and lactic acid in a mass ratio of 4:2:1 into pure water, and uniformly stirring. The solution B is a dimethylamine borane aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.3% -1%. The reducer is ammonia water, and the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B to the ammonia water is 20:5:1.
The aramid fabric selected in the embodiment is Kevlar cube fabric, and the original Kevlar cube fabric is light yellow; the Kevlar cube fabric after nickel plating presents silvery white metallic luster; the Kevlar cube fabric after copper plating presents orange-red metallic luster.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, fig. 2, 3 and 4 are microscopic views of an aramid fabric before and after electroless plating, wherein fig. 2 is an original Kevlar fabric, and the surface of the fiber is smooth; FIG. 3 shows a Kevlar cube fabric after nickel plating, wherein a compact and smooth nickel layer is formed on the surface of the fiber; fig. 4 shows that the surface of the fiber of the Kevlar cube fabric after copper plating is completely coated by uniform copper particles, and the coating is continuous, so that the electric conductivity and the thermal conductivity of the fiber can be effectively improved.
S2: the fiber fabric with the metal coating is cleaned and then is put into impregnating solution containing impregnating resin for impregnation, so that the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin is formed.
Specifically, after cleaning and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating, immersing the fiber fabric in an immersion liquid, assisting ultrasonic vibration in the immersion process, and then drying, wherein the immersion process and the drying are used as a cycle, and repeating the cycle for 2-4 times to obtain the fiber fabric loaded with the immersion resin.
The impregnating solution comprises phenolic resin, a diluent and a lubricating phase, wherein the diluent comprises absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate, and the lubricating phase is molybdenum disulfide powder or polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The mass ratio of the lubricating phase to the phenolic resin is (0.001-0.01): 1, the mass ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate in the diluent is 1:1:1, and the phenolic resin accounts for 15-35% of the total mass of the impregnating solution.
In the embodiment, absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate are uniformly mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to form a diluent, the diluent and phenolic resin are uniformly mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution, and molybdenum disulfide powder or polytetrafluoroethylene powder is added into the impregnating solution, wherein the mass ratio of a lubricating phase (molybdenum disulfide powder or polytetrafluoroethylene powder) to the phenolic resin is 0.005:1.
Optionally, in each cycle, the ultrasonic time is 10-30 min, the drying temperature is 45-55 ℃ and the drying time is 10-30 min. In the formed fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin, the mass content of the impregnating resin is 20-30%.
S3: and curing and forming the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin by a hot pressing mode.
Specifically, a layer of release film is respectively padded on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin, which is obtained in the step S2, and then the fiber fabric is subjected to hot press molding on a hot press, wherein the hot press temperature is 180-220 ℃, the pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, and the time is 1-3 hours, so that the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner is obtained.
Alternatively, the hot pressing stage of this step may be performed in two stages:
in the first stage, the temperature is raised to 80-120 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 50-70 min;
and in the second stage, the temperature is raised to 160-200 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 50-70 min.
The invention also provides a high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, which comprises a fiber fabric, a metal coating attached to the fiber fabric and impregnating resin loaded on the fiber fabric, and is prepared by the preparation method.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a heat dissipation graph of an original aramid fabric and a high thermal conductive wear-resistant self-lubricating liner prepared by the method according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein Kevlar represents the original Kevlar fabric, ni@kevlar represents the Kevlar after nickel plating, the Kevlar is the fabric liner, cu@kevlar represents the Kevlar after copper plating. It can be seen that Kevlar cube fabrics, ni@Kevlar cube fabrics and Cu@Kevlar cube fabrics are respectively placed on a constant-temperature heating table surface with the temperature of 90 ℃, after the constant-temperature heating table surface is heated for 10min, the Kevlar cube fabrics reach 89.1 ℃ and are basically leveled with the table surface, and the temperatures of the Ni@Kevlar cube fabrics and the Cu@Kevlar cube fabrics are respectively 66.3 ℃ and 66.5 ℃ which are far lower than the temperature of the table surface, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the fabrics is improved after metal plating. In order to observe the heat dissipation process for a long time, the fabric is always placed on a table top and is cooled along with the table top, in the whole cooling process, the temperature of Ni@Kevlar cube fabric and Cu@Kevlar cube fabric is lower than that of Kevlar cube fabric until the temperature of Kevlar cube fabric is 47.6 ℃, and at the moment, the temperature of Ni@Kevlar cube fabric and Cu@Kevlar cube fabric is 38.2 ℃ and 39.5 ℃ respectively. The whole process shows that the fabric containing the coating has good heat dissipation property.
Example two
On the basis of the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides another preparation method of a high-thermal-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) placing the selected aramid fabric in a nickel plating solution containing a reducing agent for 1h of chemical deposition, so that a layer of metal nickel is deposited on the surface of the aramid fabric, and obtaining the fiber fabric with the metal plating layer. The nickel plating solution comprises solution A and solution B, wherein the solution A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: adding 64g of nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 32g of sodium citrate and 16g of lactic acid into 400ml of pure water, and uniformly stirring; the formula of the solution B is as follows: 240mg of dimethylamine borane was added to 40ml of pure water. The reducer is ammonia water, and the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B to the ammonia water is 20:5:1.
(2) Wiping and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating obtained in the step (1) by alcohol, then soaking the fiber fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the fiber fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ after the soaking is completed, so as to obtain the fiber fabric loaded with the soaking resin. The lubricating phase in the impregnating solution is molybdenum disulfide powder. The formulation of the impregnating solution in this example is: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution, and then adding molybdenum disulfide powder accounting for 0.5% of the mass of the phenolic resin into the impregnating solution.
(3) And (3) respectively filling a release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out hot press molding on the fiber fabric on a hot press, wherein the hot press temperature is 180 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, and the time is 3 hours, so that the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner is obtained.
Example III
On the basis of the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides another preparation method of a high-thermal-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) placing the selected aramid fabric in a nickel plating solution containing a reducing agent for 1h of chemical deposition, so that a layer of metal nickel is deposited on the surface of the aramid fabric, and obtaining the fiber fabric with the metal plating layer. The nickel plating solution comprises solution A and solution B, wherein the solution A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: adding 64g of nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 32g of sodium citrate and 16g of lactic acid into 400ml of pure water, and uniformly stirring; the formula of the solution B is as follows: 240mg of dimethylamine borane was added to 40ml of pure water. The reducer is ammonia water, and the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B to the ammonia water is 20:5:1.
(2) Wiping and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating obtained in the step (1) by alcohol, then soaking the fiber fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the fiber fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ after the soaking is completed, so as to obtain the fiber fabric loaded with the soaking resin. The lubricating phase in the impregnating solution is polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The formulation of the impregnating solution in this example is: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution, and then adding polytetrafluoroethylene powder accounting for 0.5% of the mass of the phenolic resin into the impregnating solution.
(3) And (3) respectively filling a release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out hot press molding on the fiber fabric on a hot press, wherein the hot press temperature is 180 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, and the time is 3 hours, so that the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner is obtained.
Example IV
On the basis of the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides another preparation method of a high-thermal-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) placing the selected aramid fabric in a copper plating solution containing a reducing agent for 1h of chemical deposition, so that a layer of metal copper is deposited on the surface of the aramid fabric, and obtaining the fiber fabric with the metal plating layer. The specific proportion of the copper plating solution in the embodiment is as follows: 14.5 g of NaOH, 14 g g of potassium sodium tartrate, 19.5 g g of sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 0.01 g g of potassium ferrocyanide and 0.02g of 2'2 bipyridine are added into 1L pure water in sequence, stirred for 20 min to be uniformly mixed, and then 15 g copper sulfate pentahydrate is added into the mixture. The reducing agent is 5% formaldehyde aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the copper plating solution to the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 1:0.06.
(2) Wiping and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating obtained in the step (1) by alcohol, then soaking the fiber fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the fiber fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ after the soaking is completed, so as to obtain the fiber fabric loaded with the soaking resin. The lubricating phase in the impregnating solution is molybdenum disulfide. The formulation of the impregnating solution in this example is: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution, and then adding molybdenum disulfide powder accounting for 0.5% of the mass of the phenolic resin into the impregnating solution.
(3) And (3) respectively filling a release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out hot press molding on the fiber fabric on a hot press, wherein the hot press temperature is 180 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, and the time is 3 hours, so that the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner is obtained.
Example five
On the basis of the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides another preparation method of a high-thermal-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) placing the selected aramid fabric in a copper plating solution containing a reducing agent for 1h of chemical deposition, so that a layer of metal copper is deposited on the surface of the aramid fabric, and obtaining the fiber fabric with the metal plating layer. The specific proportion of the copper plating solution is as follows: 14.5 g of NaOH, 14 g of potassium sodium tartrate, 19.5 g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 0.01 g of potassium ferrocyanide and 0.02g of 2'2 bipyridine are added into 1L of pure water in sequence, stirred for 20 min to be uniformly mixed, and then 15 g of copper sulfate pentahydrate is added into the mixture; the reducing agent is 6% formaldehyde solution, and the mass ratio of the copper plating solution to the formaldehyde solution is 1:0.06.
(2) Wiping and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating obtained in the step (1) by alcohol, then soaking the fiber fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the fiber fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ after the soaking is completed, so as to obtain the fiber fabric loaded with the soaking resin. The lubricating phase in the impregnating solution is polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The formulation of the impregnating solution in this example is: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution, and then adding polytetrafluoroethylene powder accounting for 0.5% of the mass of the phenolic resin into the impregnating solution.
(3) And (3) respectively filling a release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out hot press molding on the fiber fabric on a hot press, wherein the hot press temperature is 180 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, and the time is 3 hours, so that the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner is obtained.
In order to verify the effect of the high thermal conductivity wear resistant self-lubricating liner prepared in the examples of the present invention, several comparative examples are provided below.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example was prepared by immersing a fiber fabric in an immersion liquid containing a lubricating phase, followed by hot press molding, wherein the fiber fabric was not subjected to electroless plating treatment. The lubricating phase in the impregnating solution is molybdenum disulfide powder, the impregnating solution is prepared by mixing a diluent and phenolic resin according to the mass ratio of 1:7, and the diluent is prepared by mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1.
The method for preparing the liner of comparative example 1 comprises the steps of:
(1) Wiping and drying the selected aramid fabric with alcohol, then soaking the aramid fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the soaked aramid fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ to obtain the soaked fiber fabric. The lubricating phase in the impregnating solution is molybdenum disulfide powder. The formula of the impregnating solution is as follows: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution, and adding molybdenum disulfide powder accounting for 0.5% of the mass of the phenolic resin into the impregnating solution.
(2) And (3) respectively filling a layer of release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the impregnated fiber fabric obtained in the step (1), and then performing hot press molding on a hot press at the temperature of 180 ℃, the pressure of 0.2MPa and the time of 3 hours to obtain the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides another method of making a liner comprising the steps of:
(1) Wiping and drying the selected aramid fabric with alcohol, then soaking the aramid fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the soaked aramid fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ to obtain the soaked fiber fabric. The lubricating phase in the impregnating solution is polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The formula of the impregnating solution is as follows: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution, and adding polytetrafluoroethylene powder accounting for 0.5% of the mass of the phenolic resin into the impregnating solution.
(2) And (3) respectively filling a layer of release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the impregnated fiber fabric obtained in the step (1), and then performing hot press molding on a hot press at the temperature of 180 ℃, the pressure of 0.2MPa and the time of 3 hours to obtain the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides another method for preparing a gasket, which is to firstly form a metal coating on a fiber fabric through chemical plating, then dip the fiber fabric into a dipping solution without a lubricating phase, and finally prepare the gasket through hot press molding.
Specifically, the preparation method of the gasket comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) placing the selected aramid fabric in a nickel plating solution containing a reducing agent for 1h of chemical deposition, so that a layer of metal nickel is deposited on the surface of the aramid fabric, and obtaining the fiber fabric with the metal plating layer. The nickel plating solution comprises solution A and solution B, wherein the solution A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: adding 64g of nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 32g of sodium citrate and 16g of lactic acid into 400ml of pure water, and uniformly stirring; the formula of the solution B is as follows: 240mg of dimethylamine borane was added to 40ml of pure water. The reducer used in the electroless nickel plating process is ammonia water, and the mass ratio of the solution A to the solution B to the ammonia water is 20:5:1.
(2) Wiping and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating obtained in the step (1) by alcohol, then soaking the fiber fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the fiber fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ after the soaking is completed, so as to obtain the soaked fiber fabric. The formulation of the impregnating solution in this example is: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, and uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution.
(3) And (3) respectively filling a layer of release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the impregnated fiber fabric obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out hot press molding on the impregnated fiber fabric on a hot press at the temperature of 180 ℃, the pressure of 0.2MPa and the time of 3 hours.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides another method of preparing a mat by immersing a fibrous web in an impregnating solution containing no lubricating phase and then hot-press molding, wherein the fibrous web is not subjected to electroless plating.
Specifically, the preparation method of the gasket comprises the following steps:
(1) Wiping and drying the selected fiber fabric with alcohol, and then immersing in an immersion liquid, wherein ultrasonic oscillation is assisted in the immersion process, the ultrasonic oscillation time is 2h, and the fiber fabric is dried in an oven at 110 ℃ after the immersion is completed, wherein the immersion liquid comprises the following components in proportion: and uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, and uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to the mass ratio of 1:7.
(2) And (3) respectively filling a layer of release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the impregnated fiber fabric obtained in the step (1), and then carrying out hot press molding on the impregnated fiber fabric on a hot press at the temperature of 180 ℃, the pressure of 0.2MPa and the time of 3 hours.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides another method for preparing a gasket, which is to firstly form a metal coating on a fiber fabric through chemical plating, then dip the fiber fabric into a dipping solution without a lubricating phase, and finally prepare the gasket through hot press molding.
Specifically, the method for producing the gasket of the present comparative example includes the steps of:
(1) And (3) placing the selected aramid fabric in a copper plating solution containing a reducing agent for 1h of chemical deposition, so that a layer of metal copper is deposited on the surface of the aramid fabric, and obtaining the fiber fabric with the metal plating layer. The specific proportion of the copper plating solution is as follows: adding 14.5 g of NaOH, 14 g of potassium sodium tartrate, 19.5 g of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid sodium salt, 0.01 g of potassium ferrocyanide and 0.02g of 2'2 bipyridine into 1L of pure water in sequence, stirring for 20 min to uniformly mix, and adding 15 g of cupric sulfate pentahydrate into the mixture to form copper plating solution; the reducing agent is 5% formaldehyde solution, and the mass ratio of the copper plating solution to the formaldehyde solution is 1:0.06.
(2) Wiping and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating obtained in the step (1) by alcohol, then soaking the fiber fabric in a soaking liquid, wherein ultrasonic vibration is assisted in the soaking process, the ultrasonic vibration time is 2 hours, and drying the fiber fabric in a baking oven at 110 ℃ after the soaking is completed, so as to obtain the soaked fiber fabric. The formulation of the impregnating solution in this example is: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a diluent, and uniformly mixing the diluent and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 1:7 to obtain an impregnating solution.
(3) And (3) respectively filling a layer of release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the impregnated fiber fabric obtained in the step (2), and then performing hot press molding on a hot press at the temperature of 180 ℃, the pressure of 0.2MPa and the time of 3 hours to obtain the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner.
Table 1 comparison of properties of the gaskets prepared in examples two-five and comparative examples 1-5
Referring to table 1, it can be seen from table 1 that the composite liner without the metal plating layer has a lower thermal conductivity than the composite liner with the plating layer, and the composite liner with the copper plating layer has more excellent thermal conductivity. In addition, since copper is a soft metal, the composite pad containing the copper plating layer exhibits more excellent tribological properties. By adding lubricating phases of different compositions to the resin, molybdenum disulfide can give the composite liner a better wear resistance than polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The high heat conduction wear-resistant self-lubricating liner prepared in the fourth embodiment has the friction coefficient of 0.187 and the heat conduction coefficient of 0.515W/mK under the conditions of the sliding speed of 1.5m/min, the room temperature and the application load of 100N. As is clear from comparison, the pad manufactured under the condition has the best friction and abrasion resistance effect, and better heat conductivity and abrasion resistance.
According to the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, the metal coating is plated on the surface, so that the heat generated in the friction process is effectively dissipated by utilizing the high heat-conducting property of the metal; the fiber fabric with the metal layer plated on the surface is subjected to resin impregnation protection, so that the metal layer can be effectively ensured to continuously and stably generate heat dissipation and cooling effects in the friction process, and the preparation method has the characteristics of simple process, low cost, high practicability and the like. The invention avoids the defect that the lubricating performance of the phenolic resin is obviously reduced above 300 ℃ and improves the high-temperature friction performance of the phenolic resin; meanwhile, molybdenum disulfide powder and polytetrafluoroethylene powder impregnated resin are introduced, so that the high-temperature brittleness and high-temperature lack of lubricity of the traditional thermosetting phenolic resin are compensated in the friction process, the traditional thermosetting phenolic resin and lubricating fiber can be effectively blended, and the high-temperature lubricity of the fabric composite material is improved through synergistic effect, so that the prepared liner is suitable for a high-temperature heavy-load environment. The high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner prepared by the method has excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, self-lubricating property, uniformity, compactness and high heat conductivity, and is suitable for being used as the self-lubricating liner of a sliding bearing.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
performing chemical plating on the surface of the selected fiber fabric to form a metal plating layer;
cleaning the fiber fabric with the metal coating, and then immersing the fiber fabric in an impregnating solution containing impregnating resin to form a fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin;
curing and forming the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin in a hot pressing mode,
wherein, carry on the electroless plating in order to form the metal coating on the surface of the fibrous fabric selected, including:
carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the aramid fabric;
soaking the aramid fiber fabric subjected to ultrasonic cleaning into a sensitizer to obtain sensitized aramid fiber fabric;
soaking the sensitized aramid fabric into a catalyst, and performing activation treatment on the surface of the sensitized aramid fabric to obtain an activated aramid fabric;
and immersing the activated aramid fabric into a plating solution added with a reducing agent to generate a metal plating layer on the surface of the activated aramid fabric.
2. The method for preparing the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner according to claim 1, wherein the fiber fabric is an aramid fabric and has an areal density of 180-400 g/m 2 The fineness of the fiber is 280-1200D, and the thickness is 0.25-0.3 mm.
3. The preparation method of the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner according to claim 1, wherein the sensitizer is a dopamine solution and comprises dopamine powder and a mixed solvent, the mixed solvent is an ethanol aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the dopamine powder to the ethanol aqueous solution is (0.05-0.2): 1.
4. The method for preparing the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is an ammonium chloropalladate aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of ammonium chloropalladate powder to pure water in the ammonium chloropalladate aqueous solution is (0.002-0.01): 1.
5. The method for preparing the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner according to claim 1, wherein the metal coating is a copper coating or a nickel coating, and the thickness is 10-30 μm.
6. The method for producing a highly thermally conductive wear-resistant self-lubricating liner according to claim 5, wherein when the metal plating layer is a copper plating layer, the plating solution used is a copper plating solution, which is a mixed solution of pure water, naOH, potassium sodium tartrate, sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, potassium ferrocyanide, 2'2 bipyridine and copper sulfate pentahydrate; the reducing agent is formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 2% -10%, and the mass ratio of the copper plating solution to the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 1 (0.03% -0.1);
when the metal coating is a nickel coating, the used plating solution is a nickel plating solution, the nickel plating solution comprises a solution A and a solution B, wherein the solution A is a mixed solution of pure water, nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium citrate and lactic acid, the solution B is a dimethyl amine borane aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.3% -1%, and the used reducing agent is ammonia water.
7. The method of making a highly thermally conductive, wear resistant, self-lubricating liner of claim 1, wherein the step of cleaning the fiber web having the metal coating and impregnating the fiber web in an impregnating solution containing impregnating resin to form a fiber web loaded with the impregnating resin comprises:
and (3) cleaning and drying the fiber fabric with the metal coating, then immersing the fiber fabric in an immersion liquid, carrying out ultrasonic vibration in the immersion process, and then drying the fiber fabric, wherein the immersion process and the drying are repeated for a plurality of times in a cycle to obtain the fiber fabric loaded with the immersion resin, the immersion liquid comprises phenolic resin, a diluent and a lubricating phase, the diluent comprises absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate, and the lubricating phase is molybdenum disulfide powder or polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
8. The method of manufacturing a high thermal conductive wear resistant self-lubricating liner according to claim 1, wherein the forming of the fiber fabric loaded with impregnating resin by hot press curing comprises:
and respectively filling a release film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fiber fabric loaded with the impregnating resin, and then performing hot press molding on a hot press to obtain the high-heat-conductivity wear-resistant self-lubricating liner, wherein the hot press temperature is 180-220 ℃, the hot press pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, and the hot press time is 1-3 h.
9. A high thermal conductivity wear resistant self-lubricating liner prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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