CN117428292A - Automatic narrow groove pipeline welding device and welding method based on rotary arc - Google Patents
Automatic narrow groove pipeline welding device and welding method based on rotary arc Download PDFInfo
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- CN117428292A CN117428292A CN202311601157.5A CN202311601157A CN117428292A CN 117428292 A CN117428292 A CN 117428292A CN 202311601157 A CN202311601157 A CN 202311601157A CN 117428292 A CN117428292 A CN 117428292A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 313
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
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Abstract
The invention provides a narrow groove pipeline automatic welding device and method based on a rotating arc, and relates to the technical field of welding equipment. The device includes guide rail, automatic weld dolly and rotatory arc welder, the guide rail is connected on waiting to weld the pipeline, automatic weld dolly and guide rail swing joint and can remove along waiting the circumference direction of welded pipeline relative to the guide rail, automatic weld dolly includes clamping unit and inclination sensor, rotatory arc welder centre gripping is connected on the clamping unit, inclination sensor can detect automatic weld dolly along waiting to weld the rotation angle of pipeline circumference direction, compare swing electric arc's swing frequency, rotatory electric arc's rotation frequency is higher, can effectively solve the welding defect that the lateral wall is not fused, in welding process, rotatory electric arc can also stir the molten bath, change the heat distribution in the molten bath, accelerate the molten bath cooling, thereby reach the purpose that improves the welding seam and take shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to an automatic narrow-groove pipeline welding device and method based on a rotating arc.
Background
Narrow groove welding is an economical and applicable welding method which can realize high-efficiency and high-quality welding. Compared with the traditional welding method, the narrow groove welding has smaller groove volume, saves welding materials and consumed electric energy, and can reduce production cost while improving production efficiency. The welding line energy of the narrow groove welding process is smaller, the molten pool is cooled faster, the heat affected zone of the welding joint is smaller, and the mechanical property of the welding joint is guaranteed more favorably. Therefore, narrow groove welding has been widely used in the manufacturing industries of pressure vessels, marine submarines, thick-walled pipes, nuclear industry, and the like. The biggest problem of the narrow groove welding technology is the side wall fusion problem, and the current methods for solving the side wall unfused problem mainly comprise welding wire swinging, electric arc rotation, twisted welding wire use, double-wire welding, multi-wire welding and the like.
The applicant found that at least the following technical problems exist in the prior art: the welding wire swinging mode is widely applied to all-position welding of pipelines, but has certain limitation in practical application. The swing frequency of the swing mechanism is low, generally below 5Hz, and the high-frequency swing welding torch for a pipeline narrow groove welding system is developed by Luo Yu and the like, so that the swing frequency can be improved, but when the high-frequency swing is performed, the motor is overshot due to the huge inertia of the welding torch, and therefore the effective swing frequency is generally below 10 Hz. When the width of the groove is large, the actual running track of the welding gun is in a shape of a Chinese character 'ji', and the defect of unfused side wall exists at the position where the electric arc cannot directly act. Secondly, in the overhead welding position of the pipeline in the all-position welding process, molten metal is gathered towards the middle of the groove under the action of gravity, so that a molten pool at the overhead welding position is easy to flow down, a hump welding seam is formed, the welding seam is poor in forming, and the generation probability of welding defects is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a narrow groove pipeline automatic welding device and a welding method based on a rotating arc, which are used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, the side wall is not fused in narrow groove welding, and the weld joint is poor in forming. The preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce a plurality of technical effects described below.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a narrow groove pipeline automatic welder based on rotatory electric arc, includes guide rail, automatic weld dolly and rotatory electric arc welder, the guide rail is connected on waiting to weld the pipeline, automatic weld dolly with guide rail swing joint and can be relative the guide rail is followed wait to weld the circumference direction of pipeline and remove, automatic weld dolly includes clamping unit and inclination sensor, rotatory electric arc welder centre gripping is connected on the clamping unit, inclination sensor can detect automatic weld dolly is followed wait to weld the rotation angle of pipeline circumference direction.
Preferably, the guide rail comprises a rail body, a quick locking mechanism and a dovetail-wing-shaped spring locking mechanism, wherein two free ends of the rail body are connected through the quick locking mechanism and form an annular structure, a plurality of dovetail-wing-shaped spring locking mechanisms are connected to the inner wall of the rail body, and the dovetail-wing-shaped spring locking mechanisms are in extrusion contact with a pipeline to be welded so that the guide rail is in clamp connection with the outer wall of the pipeline to be welded.
Preferably, the automatic welding trolley further comprises a base unit, a walking unit, a locking unit and a vertical adjusting unit, wherein the walking unit is connected to the base unit and movably connected with the guide rail, the locking unit is connected to the base unit and is in locking fit with the guide rail, the vertical adjusting unit is connected to the base unit and is connected with the clamping unit, and the vertical adjusting unit can drive the clamping unit and the rotary arc welding gun to move along the radial direction of the pipeline to be welded.
Preferably, the base unit comprises a base module and a horizontal adjustment module, the walking unit, the locking unit and the horizontal adjustment module are connected to the base module, the vertical adjustment unit is connected with the horizontal adjustment module, and the horizontal adjustment module can drive the vertical adjustment unit, the clamping unit and the rotary arc welding gun to move along the axial direction of the pipeline to be welded.
Preferably, the rotary arc welding gun further comprises a wire feeding unit, and the wire feeding unit is mechanically connected with the rotary arc welding gun.
Preferably, the automatic welding device further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is electrically connected with the automatic welding trolley, the rotary arc welding gun and the wire feeding unit respectively.
A welding method comprising the steps of:
s1, assembling pipelines to be welded;
s2, performing pre-welding treatment on the groove of the pipeline to be welded;
s3, installing a guide rail on the pipeline to be welded, and installing an automatic welding trolley on the guide rail;
s4, adjusting the rotation diameter and the rotation speed of a rotary arc welding gun, determining the rotation direction of the rotary arc welding gun, mounting the rotary arc welding gun on the automatic welding trolley, and positioning the automatic welding trolley at a starting position;
s5, the automatic welding trolley moves on the guide rail along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be welded, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley detects the welding position in real time, and a control system automatically calls corresponding welding parameters in a process database to start arc welding according to a space region corresponding to the welding position, so that welding of a priming layer is completed;
s6, readjusting the rotating diameter and the rotating speed of the rotating arc welding gun, wherein the automatic welding trolley moves on the guide rail along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be welded, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley detects the welding position in real time, and a control system automatically retrieves corresponding welding parameters in a process database for arc starting welding according to a space region corresponding to the welding position to finish welding of at least one filling layer;
s7, readjusting the rotating diameter and the rotating speed of the rotating arc welding gun, wherein the automatic welding trolley moves on the guide rail along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be welded, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley detects the welding position in real time, and a control system automatically calls corresponding welding parameters in a process database to start arc welding according to a space region corresponding to the welding position, so that the welding of a covering layer is completed;
s8, readjusting the rotation diameter and the rotation speed of the rotary arc welding gun, redetermining the rotation direction of the rotary arc welding gun, installing the rotary arc welding gun on the automatic welding trolley, positioning the automatic welding trolley at the starting position, and repeating the steps S5, S6 and S7 to finish welding of the other semicircle of the groove of the pipeline to be welded.
Preferably, the circumferential direction of the pipe to be welded is divided into a plurality of space areas, and each space area is matched with the corresponding welding parameters in the process database.
Preferably, the circumferential direction of the pipe to be welded is uniformly divided every 15 degrees, and 24 space regions are formed.
Preferably, the process database comprises a priming database, a filling database and a capping database.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the traditional swing arc, the rotating arc has obvious advantages, the rotating arc has higher rotating frequency, can easily reach more than tens of hertz, and can effectively solve the welding defect that the side wall is not fused;
in the welding process, the rotating arc can stir the molten pool through the rotating characteristic, change the heat distribution in the molten pool, accelerate the cooling of the molten pool, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the weld formation;
the relatively smaller welding line energy and the faster cooling of the molten pool reduce the heat affected zone of the welding joint, are beneficial to ensuring the mechanical property of the welding joint, can offset the falling force of molten metal, and avoid the defect of poor forming caused by overhigh temperature of molten pool metal.
The conventional swing arc welding needs to continuously adjust welding gun swing width, swing speed, residence time and other welding parameters at different welding positions, and the narrow groove pipeline automatic welding device based on the rotating arc is provided with the inclination sensor, so that the welding position can be detected by adopting the inclination sensor in the welding process on the basis of orderly dividing a welding bead into a plurality of different space areas, corresponding welding parameters are matched according to the space areas corresponding to the welding positions, the rotating arc welding gun 3 in the same welding layer only needs to adjust one parameter of the rotating frequency according to the welding positions, different space areas can be matched with different rotating frequencies, and partition parameter setting is simplified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a narrow groove pipe automatic welding device based on a rotating arc of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the automated welding carriage of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a guide rail of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary view of a bevel form of a pipe to be welded according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a partition of a spatial region according to the present invention;
1, a guide rail; 11. a track body; 12. a quick lock mechanism; 13. a dovetail-shaped spring locking mechanism;
2. automatic welding trolley; 21. a base unit; 211. a base module; 212. a level adjustment module; 22. a walking unit; 23. a locking unit; 24. a vertical adjustment unit; 25. a clamping unit;
3. rotating an arc welding gun;
4. and (5) a pipeline to be welded.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "side", "length", "width", "height", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in fig. 1 are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides a narrow groove pipeline automatic welding device based on a rotating arc, which comprises a guide rail 1, an automatic welding trolley 2 and a rotating arc welding gun 3, wherein the guide rail 1 is connected to a pipeline 4 to be welded, the automatic welding trolley 2 is movably connected with the guide rail 1, the automatic welding trolley 2 can move relative to the guide rail 1 along the circumferential direction of the pipeline 4 to be welded, the automatic welding trolley 2 comprises a clamping unit 25 and an inclination sensor, the rotating arc welding gun 3 is clamped and connected on the clamping unit 25, and the inclination sensor can detect the rotation angle of the automatic welding trolley 2 along the circumferential direction of the pipeline 4 to be welded, so that the real-time detection of a welding position is realized, and corresponding welding parameters can be matched according to a space region corresponding to the welding position.
The rotary arc welding gun 3 utilizes an internal hollow cup motor to directly drive to generate driving force to drive the conical swing rod, so that the welding wire can rotate at a high speed in the welding process. In the case of narrow gap welding, the rotating arc welding can make the groove sidewall thoroughly welded, and the rotating arc welding gun 3 used in this embodiment preferably has eight rotating diameter adjustment scales, the rotating diameter, the rotating speed and the rotating direction of which can be adjusted according to the requirements, where the rotating direction means clockwise or counterclockwise.
Compared with the traditional swing arc, the rotating arc has obvious advantages, the rotating arc has higher rotating frequency, can easily reach more than tens of hertz, and can effectively solve the welding defect that the side wall is not fused;
in the welding process, the rotating arc can stir the molten pool through the rotating characteristic, change the heat distribution in the molten pool, accelerate the cooling of the molten pool, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the weld formation;
the relatively smaller weld line energy and faster pool cooling make the heat affected zone of the weld joint smaller, which is beneficial to ensuring the mechanical properties of the weld joint.
In the overhead welding position, the molten pool is acted by gravity, molten metal can be accumulated towards the middle part, and a welding line with a convex middle part is easy to form;
when the rotating electric arc is positioned at the front half circumference, more molten metal is above the electric arc, and the supporting effect is achieved on the molten pool;
when the rotating arc is positioned at the second half circumference, less molten metal is above the arc, and the acting force on the molten pool is smaller;
the rotating electric arc not only plays a role in preventing downward flowing of the molten pool and counteracting the falling force of the molten metal, but also stirs the molten pool and disperses the molten metal from the middle to two sides, and the welding defect of poor forming caused by overhigh temperature of the molten pool metal is avoided.
The conventional swing arc welding needs to continuously adjust welding gun swing width, swing speed, residence time and other welding parameters at different welding positions, and the narrow groove pipeline automatic welding device based on the rotating arc is provided with the inclination sensor, so that the welding position can be detected by adopting the inclination sensor in the welding process on the basis of orderly dividing a welding bead into a plurality of different space areas, corresponding welding parameters are matched according to the space areas corresponding to the welding positions, the rotating arc welding gun 3 in the same welding layer only needs to adjust one parameter of the rotating frequency according to the welding positions, different space areas can be matched with different rotating frequencies, and partition parameter setting is simplified.
As an alternative embodiment, the guide rail 1 comprises a rail body 11, a quick lock mechanism 12 and a swallow-wing spring locking mechanism 13, wherein two free ends of the rail body 11 are connected through the quick lock mechanism 12 and form an annular structure, the annular structure can be matched with the appearance of the pipe 4 to be welded, and the quick lock mechanism 12 is used for quickly mounting the rail body 11 on the pipe 4 to be welded;
the dovetail-shaped spring locking mechanisms 13 are connected to the inner wall of the track body 11, and the dovetail-shaped spring locking mechanisms 13 are in extrusion contact with the pipeline 4 to be welded so that the guide rail 1 is connected to the outer wall of the pipeline 4 to be welded in a clamping mode, and the dovetail-shaped spring locking mechanisms 13 can be used for adjusting the clamping force between the track body 11 and the pipeline 4 to be welded;
the structure and use principle of the rail body 11, the quick lock mechanism 12 and the dovetail-shaped spring locking mechanism 13 are conventional, and therefore will not be further described.
As an alternative embodiment, the automatic welding trolley 2 further comprises a base unit 21, a walking unit 22, a locking unit 23 and a vertical adjustment unit 24, wherein the walking unit 22 is connected to the base unit 21 and is movably connected with the guide rail 1, preferably, racks are machined on the surface of the rail body 11, the walking unit 22 is preferably provided with a driving gear and a servo motor for driving the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear can be meshed with the racks on the rail body 11, the driving gear can drive the automatic welding trolley 2 to move relative to the guide rail 1 after rotating, and the automatic welding trolley 2 can move relative to the guide rail 1 along the circumferential direction of the pipe 4 to be welded due to the annular arrangement of the guide rail 1;
the locking unit 23 is connected to the base unit 21 and is in locking fit with the guide rail 1, the locking unit 23 preferably adopts a combined structure of a slide bar and a spring, and the spring drives the slide bar to move, so that a limit is formed between the automatic welding trolley 2 and the guide rail 1, and the automatic welding trolley 2 can only move along the circumferential direction of the pipeline 4 to be welded relative to the guide rail 1;
the vertical adjustment unit 24 is connected to the base unit 21 and is connected to the clamping unit 25, and the vertical adjustment unit 24 can drive the clamping unit 25 and the rotating arc welding gun 3 to move along the radial direction of the pipe 4 to be welded, so that when the corresponding bottom layer, the filling layer and the covering layer are welded respectively, the actual positions of the rotating arc welding gun 3 moving along the radial direction of the pipe 4 to be welded can be adjusted by the vertical adjustment unit 24, so as to correspond to different positions of the bottom layer, the filling layer and the covering layer respectively.
As an alternative embodiment, the base unit 21 includes a base module 211 and a horizontal adjustment module 212, the walking unit 22, the locking unit 23 and the horizontal adjustment module 212 are all connected to the base module 211, the vertical adjustment unit 24 is connected to the horizontal adjustment module 212, and the horizontal adjustment module 212 can drive the vertical adjustment unit 24, the clamping unit 25 and the rotating arc welding gun 3 to move along the axial direction of the pipe 4 to be welded, so that the position adjustment of the rotating arc welding gun 3 along the axial direction of the pipe 4 to be welded can be realized, and in this embodiment, the horizontal adjustment module 212 can also perform the actual position adjustment by being provided with a servo motor;
it should be noted that, because the new welding mode of rotating arc welding is created in this embodiment, compared with the traditional swing arc, the horizontal adjustment module 212 is not required to perform large-scale movement to assist the actual operation of the swing arc, so if in the initial state, the horizontal adjustment module 212 is not required to be set on the premise that the guide rail 1, the automatic welding carriage 2 and the rotating arc welding gun 3 are accurately positioned with the groove of the pipe to be welded, which means that the adjustment of the movement along the axial direction of the pipe to be welded 4 is not required in the welding process.
As an alternative embodiment, the welding wire feeding device further comprises a wire feeding unit, wherein the wire feeding unit is mechanically connected with the rotary arc welding gun 3, the wire feeding unit can provide welding wires for the rotary arc welding gun 3, and the structure and the use principle of the wire feeding unit are conventional, so that the wire feeding unit is not further described in the prior art.
The automatic welding device needs to be configured with a welding power supply, in this embodiment, the welding power supply preferably supports a unified direct current welding mode, a unified pulse welding mode, a TIG operation mode and a manual welding rod mode, the operation process of the welding power supply is simple, only the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding unit needs to be set, and the welding power supply can automatically match welding current and welding voltage.
As an alternative embodiment, the welding device further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is respectively and electrically connected with the automatic welding trolley 2, the rotary arc welding gun 3 and the wire feeding unit, the control system can be electrically connected with a walking unit 22, a locking unit 23, a vertical adjusting unit 24, a horizontal adjusting module 212 and an inclination sensor on the automatic welding trolley 2, the inclination sensor can detect the rotation angle of the automatic welding trolley 2 along the circumferential direction of the pipeline 4 to be welded, the welding position is detected, then an electric signal is transmitted to the control system, the control system can match corresponding welding parameters according to the area to which the welding position belongs, and generate corresponding control signals to other module units to assist the smooth completion of welding operation, and the structure and the corresponding control principle of the control system are all of a more conventional prior art, so that no further development description is made.
Example two
The invention also provides a welding method, wherein X65MO pipeline steel produced by sea treasure steel groups above 4 of pipelines to be welded is used as an example, the specification is phi 457 multiplied by 15.9mm, a GMAW full-automatic welding process is adopted, the welding position is 5G, the welding wire is a solid gas shielded welding wire with the diameter of 1.0mm, and a mixed gas of 20% CO2 and 80% Ar with the gas flow of 20L/min is adopted as the shielding gas.
The welding method comprises the following steps:
s0. groove processing is performed on the pipeline 4 to be welded, and a groove form diagram of the pipeline 4 to be welded in the embodiment is shown in fig. 4 as an example;
s1, assembling a pipeline 4 to be welded, after finishing groove processing, assembling grooves of the pipeline 4 to be welded by adopting an inner butt joint device, wherein a copper gasket on the inner butt joint device can effectively prevent molten metal from sinking, ensure forced forming of the back surface during priming, and improve the back forming quality of priming welding;
s2, carrying out pre-welding treatment on a groove of a pipeline to be welded, cleaning oil stains and rust generated in the groove processing process, cleaning a part to be welded, and preventing defects such as air holes, slag inclusion and the like from being generated after the welding is finished;
s3, installing the guide rail 1 on the pipeline 4 to be welded, fastening the quick locking mechanism 12 on the guide rail 1, and taking care here that the distance between the guide rail 1 and the groove is ensured to be constant during installation, so that the adjustment of a welding gun along the axial direction of the pipeline 4 to be welded in the welding process is effectively reduced, then installing the automatic welding trolley 2 on the guide rail 1, and realizing the limiting fixation of the automatic welding trolley 2 and the guide rail 1 through the locking unit 23;
s4, adjusting the rotation diameter and the rotation speed of the rotary arc welding gun 3, determining the rotation direction of the rotary arc welding gun 3, namely determining that the rotary arc welding gun 3 needs to be selected to rotate anticlockwise to weld one semicircle or to rotate clockwise to weld the other semicircle, then installing the rotary arc welding gun 3 on the automatic welding trolley 2 through the clamping unit 25, positioning the automatic welding trolley 2 at a starting position, and preparing to start welding, wherein the starting position is preferably a spatial position corresponding to P0 (0 DEG/360 DEG) in the drawing 5;
s5, welding of a backing layer is carried out, an automatic welding trolley 2 is started, the automatic welding trolley 2 starts to move along the circumferential direction of a pipe 4 to be welded from the initial position mentioned in the step S4 on a guide rail 1, the moving limit position is P12 (180 degrees) in the attached drawing 5, namely, a semicircle is moved, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley 2 can detect the welding position in real time, a control system can automatically pick up corresponding welding parameters in a process database according to a space area corresponding to the real-time welding position, then the corresponding welding parameters are fed back to a corresponding equipment unit, arc starting welding is carried out, welding of the backing layer of the corresponding semicircle is completed, and it is noted that the automatic welding trolley 2 needs to return to the initial position corresponding to P0 (0 degrees/360 degrees) after welding is completed;
in this embodiment, the circumferential direction of the pipe 4 to be welded is preferably divided into a plurality of space areas, each space area is matched with the corresponding welding parameters in the process database, and further, referring to fig. 5, the circumferential direction of the pipe 4 to be welded is uniformly divided every 15 ° to form 24 space areas, namely, 12 space areas are respectively arranged on the left semicircle and the right semicircle;
in this process, the process database correspondingly includes a priming database, and table 1 below is a partial parameter example of the priming database, and only a partial parameter example is listed because the complete database has more content;
TABLE 1 database part parameters for priming process
S6, welding a filling layer, wherein the number of layers of the filling layer is at least one, possibly a plurality of layers, flexible control is performed according to actual conditions, when the filling layer is welded, the rotating diameter and the rotating speed of the rotating arc welding gun 3 are required to be readjusted, the automatic welding trolley 2 is started, the automatic welding trolley 2 moves on the guide rail 1 along the circumferential direction of the pipeline 4 to be welded from the initial position mentioned in the step S4, the moving limit position is P12 (180 degrees) in the figure 5, namely, a semicircle is moved, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley 2 detects the welding position in real time, a control system can automatically acquire corresponding welding parameters in a process database according to a space area corresponding to the real-time welding position, then the corresponding welding parameters are fed back to corresponding equipment units, arc starting welding is performed, the welding of a single-layer filling layer corresponding to the semicircle is completed, and after the welding is completed, the automatic welding trolley 2 is required to return to the initial position corresponding to P0 (0 degrees/360 degrees), and the step is required to be repeated in detail if the filling layer is a plurality of layers;
in this process, the process database correspondingly includes a filling database, and table 2 below is a partial parameter example of the filling database, and only a partial parameter example is listed because the complete database has more content;
table 2 filling process database part parameters
S7, welding a cover layer, wherein when the cover layer is welded, the rotating diameter and the rotating speed of the rotating arc welding gun 3 are required to be readjusted, the automatic welding trolley 2 is started, the automatic welding trolley 2 moves along the circumferential direction of the pipe 4 to be welded from the initial position mentioned in the step S4 on the guide rail 1, the limit position of the movement is P12 (180 degrees) in the attached drawing 5, namely, a semicircle is moved, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley 2 detects the welding position in real time, a control system can automatically extract the corresponding welding parameters in a process database according to the space area corresponding to the real-time welding position, then the corresponding welding parameters are fed back to a corresponding equipment unit, arc starting welding is carried out, the welding of the cover layer corresponding to the semicircle is completed, and after the welding is completed, the automatic welding trolley 2 is required to return to the initial position corresponding to P0 (0 degrees/360 degrees);
in this process, the process database correspondingly includes a capping database, and table 3 below is a partial parameter example of the capping database, and only a partial parameter example is listed because the complete database has more content;
table 3 covers process database part parameters
S8, the rotation diameter and the rotation speed of the rotary arc welding gun 3 are readjusted, the rotation direction of the rotary arc welding gun 3 is redetermined, welding of another semicircle is conducted, the rotary arc welding gun 3 is installed on an automatic welding trolley, the automatic welding trolley 2 is located at the initial position, and the steps S5, S6 and S7 are repeated, so that welding of the other semicircle of the groove of the pipe to be welded is completed.
In the conventional swing arc welding, multiple welding parameters such as the swing width, swing speed and residence time of a welding gun are required to be continuously adjusted at different welding positions, and according to the welding method, an inclination sensor is arranged on an automatic welding trolley 2, and on the basis of orderly dividing a welding bead into a plurality of different space areas, the inclination sensor can be used for detecting the welding position in the welding process, corresponding welding parameters are matched according to the space areas corresponding to the welding position, only one parameter of the rotation frequency is required to be adjusted according to the welding position when the arc welding gun 3 rotates in the same welding layer, different space areas can be matched with different rotation frequencies, and the partition parameter setting is simplified.
The foregoing is merely illustrative embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about variations or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the invention should be covered. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a narrow groove pipeline automatic welder based on rotatory electric arc, its characterized in that, includes guide rail, automatic weld dolly and rotatory arc welder, the guide rail is connected on waiting to weld the pipeline, automatic weld dolly with guide rail swing joint and can be relative the guide rail is followed wait to weld the circumference direction of pipeline and remove, automatic weld dolly includes clamping unit and inclination sensor, rotatory arc welder centre gripping is connected on the clamping unit, inclination sensor can detect automatic weld dolly is followed wait to weld the rotation angle of pipeline circumference direction.
2. The automatic welding device for the narrow groove pipeline based on the rotary arc according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail comprises a rail body, a quick locking mechanism and a swallow-wing-shaped spring locking mechanism, two free ends of the rail body are connected through the quick locking mechanism and form an annular structure, a plurality of swallow-wing-shaped spring locking mechanisms are connected to the inner wall of the rail body, and the swallow-wing-shaped spring locking mechanisms are in extrusion contact with the pipeline to be welded so that the guide rail is connected to the outer wall of the pipeline to be welded in a clamping mode.
3. The automatic welding device for the narrow groove pipeline based on the rotary arc according to claim 1, wherein the automatic welding trolley further comprises a base unit, a walking unit, a locking unit and a vertical adjustment unit, the walking unit is connected to the base unit and movably connected with the guide rail, the locking unit is connected to the base unit and is in locking fit with the guide rail, the vertical adjustment unit is connected to the base unit and is connected with the clamping unit, and the vertical adjustment unit can drive the clamping unit and the rotary arc welding gun to move along the radial direction of the pipeline to be welded.
4. The automatic welding device for the narrow groove pipeline based on the rotary arc according to claim 3, wherein the base unit comprises a base module and a horizontal adjustment module, the walking unit, the locking unit and the horizontal adjustment module are all connected to the base module, the vertical adjustment unit is connected with the horizontal adjustment module, and the horizontal adjustment module can drive the vertical adjustment unit, the clamping unit and the rotary arc welding gun to move along the axial direction of the pipeline to be welded.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a wire feed unit mechanically coupled to the rotating arc welding gun.
6. The rotating arc based narrow groove pipe automatic welding apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a control system electrically connected to the automatic welding carriage, the rotating arc welding gun and the wire feeding unit, respectively.
7. A method of welding comprising the steps of:
s1, assembling pipelines to be welded;
s2, performing pre-welding treatment on the groove of the pipeline to be welded;
s3, installing a guide rail on the pipeline to be welded, and installing an automatic welding trolley on the guide rail;
s4, adjusting the rotation diameter and the rotation speed of a rotary arc welding gun, determining the rotation direction of the rotary arc welding gun, mounting the rotary arc welding gun on the automatic welding trolley, and positioning the automatic welding trolley at a starting position;
s5, the automatic welding trolley moves on the guide rail along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be welded, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley detects the welding position in real time, and a control system automatically calls corresponding welding parameters in a process database to start arc welding according to a space region corresponding to the welding position, so that welding of a priming layer is completed;
s6, readjusting the rotating diameter and the rotating speed of the rotating arc welding gun, wherein the automatic welding trolley moves on the guide rail along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be welded, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley detects the welding position in real time, and a control system automatically retrieves corresponding welding parameters in a process database for arc starting welding according to a space region corresponding to the welding position to finish welding of at least one filling layer;
s7, readjusting the rotating diameter and the rotating speed of the rotating arc welding gun, wherein the automatic welding trolley moves on the guide rail along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be welded, an inclination sensor in the automatic welding trolley detects the welding position in real time, and a control system automatically calls corresponding welding parameters in a process database to start arc welding according to a space region corresponding to the welding position, so that the welding of a covering layer is completed;
s8, readjusting the rotation diameter and the rotation speed of the rotary arc welding gun, redetermining the rotation direction of the rotary arc welding gun, installing the rotary arc welding gun on the automatic welding trolley, positioning the automatic welding trolley at the starting position, and repeating the steps S5, S6 and S7 to finish welding of the other semicircle of the groove of the pipeline to be welded.
8. The welding method according to claim 7, wherein the circumferential direction of the pipe to be welded is divided into a plurality of spatial regions, and each spatial region is matched with a corresponding welding parameter in the process database.
9. The welding method according to claim 8, wherein the circumferential direction of the pipe to be welded is uniformly divided every 15 ° to form 24 of the spatial regions.
10. The welding method of claim 7, wherein the process database comprises a priming database, a filling database, and a capping database.
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| CN202311601157.5A CN117428292A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Automatic narrow groove pipeline welding device and welding method based on rotary arc |
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| CN202311601157.5A CN117428292A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Automatic narrow groove pipeline welding device and welding method based on rotary arc |
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