CN117426832A - Wrist joint osteotomy guiding device - Google Patents
Wrist joint osteotomy guiding device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117426832A CN117426832A CN202311032701.9A CN202311032701A CN117426832A CN 117426832 A CN117426832 A CN 117426832A CN 202311032701 A CN202311032701 A CN 202311032701A CN 117426832 A CN117426832 A CN 117426832A
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- osteotomy
- wrist
- block
- radius
- joint
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- 210000003857 wrist joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000003797 carpal joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001227561 Valgus Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004221 bone function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003412 degenerative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000003068 rheumatic fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1732—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for bone breaking devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A61B17/1782—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the hand or wrist
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medical surgical instruments and discloses a wrist joint osteotomy guiding device which comprises a wrist joint osteotomy block, wherein the wrist joint osteotomy block comprises a joint surface for being jointed with a radius, a top opposite to the joint surface, and an osteotomy surface for guiding an osteotomy knife, the osteotomy surface is a side surface formed between the joint surface and the top, and the wrist joint osteotomy block further comprises a nail hole for fixing the wrist joint osteotomy block on the radius. The wrist osteotomy guiding device disclosed by the invention can meet the accuracy of radius osteotomy, and the refined and small appearance is suitable for the swing-in of a wrist small wound.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical surgical instruments, in particular to a wrist joint osteotomy guiding device.
Background
At present, the degenerative wrist arthritis, the rheumatic arthritis and the wound all cause serious injury of the wrist joint, and cause severe pain and loss of functions of the wrist joint. In order to solve the pain of a patient and simultaneously maintain the movement function of the wrist joint, a common practice is to implant a wrist joint prosthesis into a human body, and to recover most of the functions of the wrist joint by using wrist joint replacement, so as to solve the pain and deformity problems of the patient.
The wrist joint prosthesis used in the total wrist joint replacement operation comprises a wrist prosthesis and a radius prosthesis, wherein the operation steps are that firstly, the distal radius end and the proximal radius end are respectively used for cutting bones, then the distal radius end is fixed with the radius prosthesis, and the proximal wrist end is fixed with the wrist prosthesis, so that the wrist prosthesis and the radius prosthesis are matched to replace the original bone function.
The existing wrist joint prosthesis mainly adopts artificial visual bone cutting adjustment when being implanted, and has no guide device capable of quantifying bone cutting amount, so that the bone cutting shape and bone cutting precision can only be judged by the experience of doctors, but the individual difference of patients is large, and the bone cutting shape and bone cutting precision cannot be ensured in some cases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wrist osteotomy guiding device for solving the problems in the background art.
The existing wrist joint prosthesis mainly adopts artificial visual bone cutting adjustment when being implanted, and has no guide device capable of quantifying bone cutting amount, so that the bone cutting shape and bone cutting precision can only be judged by the experience of doctors, but the individual difference of patients is large, and the bone cutting shape and bone cutting precision cannot be ensured in some cases.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a wrist osteotomy guiding device is used for realizing accurate osteotomy quantity in a wrist prosthesis replacement operation.
Specifically, this wrist joint cuts bone guider is including the wrist joint and cuts bone piece, and the wrist joint cuts bone piece including being used for with the laminating of radius face and with the opposite top of laminating face, the top is also planar structure, when cutting the bone action, the laminating face is used for laminating on the radius, the top is at the one end of keeping away from the radius.
Preferably, the joint surface is a cambered surface concavely arranged towards the wrist joint osteotomy block, and the radian of the cambered surface is determined according to the curvature of the radius section so as to realize relatively close joint with the radius.
Preferably, the wrist joint osteotomy block further comprises an osteotomy face for guiding the osteotomy knife, wherein the osteotomy face is a side face formed between the joint face and the top, and when the osteotomy is performed, the osteotomy knife performs the osteotomy along the osteotomy face, so that a doctor can obtain an accurate osteotomy position and osteotomy quantity, and inaccuracy in osteotomy is avoided.
Specifically, the thickness direction of the wrist osteotomy block is defined as the vertical direction of the top pointing to the joint surface, the length direction is defined as the direction intersecting with the osteotomy surface and perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the width direction is defined as the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and the length direction respectively; the osteotomy face extends in the thickness direction of the wrist osteotomy block and extends to be respectively connected with the top and the fitting face.
Preferably, the osteotomy face is a compound angle bevel formed by combining two angles of a back rake angle and an eversion angle, the back rake angle and the eversion angle being empirically and scientifically determined angles.
Preferably, the wrist osteotomy block further includes a nail hole for fixing the wrist osteotomy block to the radius, i.e., after the position of the wrist osteotomy block is determined, the wrist osteotomy block is fixed to the radius by using the nail hole in combination with a fixing nail, so as to facilitate the subsequent osteotomy.
Preferably, the nail hole comprises a straight nail hole group, the straight nail hole group comprises at least two straight nail holes, the at least two straight nail holes are arranged along the width direction of the wrist joint osteotomy block, the axis of each straight nail hole is parallel to the thickness direction of the wrist joint osteotomy block, and the two ends of each straight nail hole extend to be respectively connected with the joint surface and the top; when the wrist joint osteotomy block is fixed, a straight nail hole group is selected, and fixing nails are implanted into at least two straight nail holes in the straight nail hole group, so that the wrist joint osteotomy block can be primarily fixed on a radius, and the wrist joint osteotomy block can resist certain interference caused by an osteotome.
Preferably, the straight nail hole groups are arranged in a plurality along the length direction of the wrist joint osteotomy block; when the wrist joint osteotomy block is preliminarily fixed, if the osteotomy amount corresponding to the osteotomy face at the moment is found to have a certain difference with the actual demand, the fixing nail can be detached, the wrist joint osteotomy block is slightly moved, a new straight nail hole group is selected to correspond to the nail holes left on the radius, the wrist joint osteotomy block is re-fixed by the fixing nail, namely, the osteotomy amount can be adjusted in the guiding process, and the minimum adjusted distance is the distance between the straight nail hole groups.
Preferably, after the position of the wrist osteotomy block is adjusted, the wrist osteotomy block can be thoroughly fixed, so that the nail hole further comprises an oblique nail hole group, the oblique nail hole group comprises at least one oblique nail hole, an included angle is formed between the axis of the oblique nail hole and the thickness direction of the wrist osteotomy block, namely, the wrist osteotomy block can be thoroughly fixed on a radius by utilizing the oblique nail hole and the fixing nail, and the wrist osteotomy block can resist the residual interference effect brought by an osteotomy knife.
Preferably, the top is provided with a scale for displaying the bone-cutting amount, and the scale corresponds to the straight nail hole group and is used for displaying the adjustment displacement of the wrist joint bone-cutting block, namely, the adjustment amount for displaying the bone-cutting amount.
Preferably, the wrist osteotomy guiding device further comprises a kirschner wire, wherein the kirschner wire is used for implanting into a radius and guiding the axial direction of the radius to serve as a reference judgment of osteotomy, and on the basis of the axial direction, the backward inclination angle and the valgus angle determination, the osteotomy quantity can be quantified only by determining the osteotomy quantity according to the bone damage condition.
Preferably, the wrist joint osteotomy guiding device further comprises a guiding block, wherein the guiding block is provided with a guiding hole for a Kirschner wire to pass through, and a connecting end for sliding connection with the wrist joint osteotomy block is further arranged, so that the sliding direction between the guiding block and the wrist joint osteotomy block is parallel to the Kirschner wire implanted into the radius; when the osteotomy is performed, the Kirschner wire is firstly implanted along the axial direction of the radius, then the Kirschner wire passes through the guide hole on the guide block, and then the connecting end of the guide block is connected with the wrist osteotomy block, so that the length direction of the wrist osteotomy block is parallel to the Kirschner wire, and the reference parallel to the radius is found for the wrist osteotomy block.
Preferably, in the process of searching for a reference parallel to the radius by the wrist joint osteotomy block, the joint surface of the wrist joint osteotomy block is required to be jointed with the radius, so that the position of the wrist joint osteotomy block is accurate when the wrist joint osteotomy block is fixed subsequently; under the auxiliary action of the Kirschner wire and the guide block, the three conditions that the length direction of the wrist joint osteotomy block is parallel to the radius, the joint surface is jointed with the radius and the osteotomy amount is determined are met, the wrist joint osteotomy block can be fixed, the Kirschner wire and the guide block are removed, and after the Kirschner wire and the guide block are removed, if the osteotomy amount is found to be adjusted, the position of the wrist joint osteotomy block can be adjusted by using the straight nail hole group.
Preferably, the connecting end is a T-shaped sliding rail, a T-shaped sliding groove corresponding to the T-shaped sliding rail is formed in the wrist joint osteotomy block, the T-shaped sliding groove extends along the length direction of the wrist joint osteotomy block, and when the T-shaped sliding rail extends into the T-shaped sliding groove, sliding connection between the wrist joint osteotomy block and the guide block is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the wrist osteotomy guiding device disclosed by the invention uses an intramedullary positioning method to accurately guide the position of the radius osteotomy, so that the requirement on the accuracy of the radius osteotomy is met; in addition, the refined and small appearance is suitable for the swing-in of the wrist joint small wound, and is convenient for rapid assembly and disassembly.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a wrist osteotomy block in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of a wrist osteotomy block in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a wrist osteotomy block in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wrist osteotomy guiding device oriented over the radius according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a guide block in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure:
the wrist osteotomy block 1, the joint surface 11, the top 12, the osteotomy surface 13, the nail holes 14, the straight nail hole groups 141a, 141b and 141c, the straight nail hole 1411, the oblique nail hole group 142, the oblique nail hole 1421, the graduations 15 and the T-shaped chute 16;
a k-wire 2;
a guide block 3, a guide hole 31 and a T-shaped slide rail 32.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples: this example provides a preferred embodiment of a wrist osteotomy guide device for use in a wrist prosthesis replacement procedure to achieve accurate osteotomy mass.
Specifically, the wrist osteotomy guiding device includes a wrist osteotomy block 1, the wrist osteotomy block 1 is divided into a left part and a right part, and the right wrist osteotomy block 1 is taken as an example in this embodiment.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wrist osteotomy block 1 includes a fitting surface 11 for fitting with a radius, and a top 12 opposite to the fitting surface 11, wherein the top 12 is also in a planar structure, and the fitting surface 11 is used for fitting on the radius when the osteotomy is performed, and the top 12 is at an end far away from the radius.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the fitting surface 11 is an arc surface concavely arranged toward the wrist osteotomy block 1, and the arc of the arc surface is determined according to the curvature of the radius section, so as to achieve relatively tight fitting with the radius.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the wrist osteotomy block 1 further includes an osteotomy face 13 for guiding an osteotomy blade, and the osteotomy face 13 is a side face formed between the abutment face 11 and the top 12.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the thickness direction Z of the wrist osteotomy block 1 is defined as the vertical direction in which the top 12 points to the abutment surface 11, the length direction X is defined as the direction intersecting the osteotomy surface 13 and perpendicular to the thickness direction Z, and the width direction Y is defined as the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction Z and the length direction X, respectively; the osteotomy face 13 extends in the thickness direction Z of the wrist osteotomy piece 1 to engage with the top portion 12 and the abutment face 11, respectively.
Further, the osteotomy face 13 is a compound angle bevel formed by combining two angles of a back rake angle and an eversion angle, which are empirically and scientifically determined angles.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, the wrist osteotomy block 1 further includes a nail hole 14 for fixing the wrist osteotomy block 1 to the radius, i.e., after determining the position of the wrist osteotomy block 1, the wrist osteotomy block 1 needs to be fixed to the radius by using the nail hole 14 in combination with a fixing nail, so as to facilitate the following osteotomy.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, the nail hole 14 includes a straight nail hole set, in this embodiment, the straight nail hole set includes two straight nail holes 1411, the two straight nail holes 1411 are arranged along the width direction Y of the wrist osteotomy block 1, the axis of each straight nail hole 1411 is parallel to the thickness direction Z of the wrist osteotomy block 1, and two ends of the straight nail hole 1411 extend to engage with the abutting surface 11 and the top 12 respectively.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, in this embodiment, three straight nail hole groups are provided, and the three straight nail hole groups are arranged along the length direction X of the wrist osteotomy block 1, namely, straight nail hole groups 141a, 141b, 141c; when the wrist osteotomy block 1 is preliminarily fixed, if a certain difference exists between the corresponding osteotomy amount of the osteotomy face 13 and the actual requirement, the wrist osteotomy block 1 can be re-fixed by adjusting the straight nail hole groups, namely, the osteotomy amount can be adjusted in the guiding process, the minimum adjusting distance is the distance between the straight nail hole groups, wherein the straight nail hole groups 141a are used as zero positions, and when the osteotomy position needs to be increased or reduced, the straight nail hole groups 141b and 141c can be selected to re-fix the wrist osteotomy block 1.
Further, after the adjustment of the position of the wrist osteotomy block 1 is completed, the wrist osteotomy block 1 can be completely fixed, so as shown in fig. 1-2, the nail hole 14 further includes an oblique nail hole set 142, in this embodiment, the oblique nail hole set 142 includes two oblique nail holes 1421, the two oblique nail holes 1421 are also arranged along the width direction Y of the wrist osteotomy block 1, and an included angle is formed between the axis of the oblique nail hole 1421 and the thickness direction Z of the wrist osteotomy block 1, that is, the wrist osteotomy block 1 can be completely fixed on the radius by using the oblique nail hole 1421 and the fixing nail.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a scale 15 for displaying the bone-cutting amount is provided on the top 12, and the scale 15 corresponds to the straight nail hole group for displaying the adjustment displacement of the wrist bone-cutting block 1, that is, for displaying the adjustment amount of the bone-cutting amount.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the wrist osteotomy guiding device further includes a kirschner wire 2, the kirschner wire 2 is used for implanting into a radius to guide the axial direction of the radius, and is used as a reference judgment for osteotomy, and on the basis of the determination of the axial direction, the backward inclination angle and the valgus angle, the osteotomy quantity can be quantified only by determining the osteotomy quantity according to the bone damage condition.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the wrist osteotomy guiding device further comprises a guiding block 3, wherein a guiding hole 31 for allowing the kirschner wire 2 to pass through is arranged on the guiding block 3, and a connecting end for being in sliding connection with the wrist osteotomy block 1 is also arranged, so that the sliding direction between the guiding block 3 and the wrist osteotomy block 1 is parallel to the kirschner wire 2 implanted into the radius; as shown in fig. 4, during the osteotomy, the kirschner wire 2 is implanted along the axial direction of the radius, then the kirschner wire 2 is inserted through the guide hole 31 on the guide block 3, and then the connecting end of the guide block 3 is connected with the carpal joint osteotomy block 1, so that the length direction X of the carpal joint osteotomy block 1 is parallel to the kirschner wire 2, and a reference parallel to the radius is found for the carpal joint osteotomy block 1.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, in the process of searching for the reference parallel to the radius by the wrist osteotomy piece 1, it is necessary to ensure that the joint surface 11 of the wrist osteotomy piece 1 is in contact with the radius, so that the position of the wrist osteotomy piece 1 is accurate when the wrist osteotomy piece 1 is fixed subsequently, therefore, as shown in fig. 5, three guide holes 31 are provided in the embodiment, the three guide holes 31 are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the kirschner wire 2 implanted into the radius, and the kirschner wire 2 can be inserted into the guide holes 31 at different positions to ensure the joint surface 11 is in contact with the radius; after the bone cutting amount is determined, the wrist bone cutting block 1 can be fixed, the Kirschner wire 2 and the guide block 3 can be removed, and the bone cutting action can be executed.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the connecting end is a T-shaped slide rail 32, as shown in fig. 3, a T-shaped slide groove 16 corresponding to the T-shaped slide rail 32 is formed on the wrist joint osteotomy block 1, the T-shaped slide groove 16 extends along the length direction X of the wrist joint osteotomy block 1, and when the T-shaped slide rail 32 extends into the T-shaped slide groove 16, sliding connection between the wrist joint osteotomy block 1 and the guide block 3 is realized.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wrist joint cuts bone guider which characterized in that, includes the wrist joint and cuts bone piece, the wrist joint cuts bone piece including be used for with the laminating of radius face, and with the opposite top of laminating face, and be used for guiding the osteotome cut bone face, cut bone face be the laminating face with the side that forms between the top.
2. The wrist osteotomy guide device of claim 1, wherein the wrist osteotomy piece further comprises a nail hole for securing the wrist osteotomy piece to the radius.
3. A wrist osteotomy guiding device as in claim 2, wherein the nail holes comprise a set of straight nail holes, the set of straight nail holes comprising at least two straight nail holes, each of the straight nail holes having an axis parallel to the thickness direction of the wrist osteotomy piece and having two ends extending to engage the abutment surface and the top portion, respectively.
4. A wrist osteotomy guiding device as in claim 3, wherein said plurality of sets of straight pin holes are aligned along the length of said wrist osteotomy block.
5. A wrist osteotomy guiding device as in claim 3, wherein the nail holes further comprise a set of oblique nail holes, the set of oblique nail holes including at least one oblique nail hole, the axis of the oblique nail holes forming an angle with the thickness direction of the wrist osteotomy piece.
6. A wrist osteotomy guiding device as in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the abutment surface is a curved surface concave to the wrist osteotomy piece.
7. A wrist osteotomy guiding device as in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the top portion is provided with graduations for displaying the amount of osteotomy.
8. A wrist osteotomy guiding device as in any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
a Kirschner wire for implanting into a radius to guide an axial direction of the radius;
the guide block is provided with a guide hole for the Kirschner wire to pass through, and a connecting end which is used for being connected with the wrist joint osteotomy block in a sliding way, so that the sliding direction between the guide block and the wrist joint osteotomy block is parallel to the Kirschner wire implanted into the radius.
9. A wrist osteotomy guide device as in claim 8, wherein a plurality of said guide holes are aligned in a direction perpendicular to said kirschner wire implanted in the radius.
10. A wrist osteotomy guiding device as in claim 8, wherein: the connecting end is a T-shaped sliding rail, a T-shaped sliding groove corresponding to the T-shaped sliding rail is formed in the wrist joint osteotomy block, and the T-shaped sliding groove extends along the length direction of the wrist joint osteotomy block.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311032701.9A CN117426832A (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Wrist joint osteotomy guiding device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311032701.9A CN117426832A (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Wrist joint osteotomy guiding device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117426832A true CN117426832A (en) | 2024-01-23 |
Family
ID=89548710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311032701.9A Pending CN117426832A (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Wrist joint osteotomy guiding device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117426832A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-08-16 CN CN202311032701.9A patent/CN117426832A/en active Pending
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