CN117417161A - High-compactness sand washing mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-compactness sand washing mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117417161A CN117417161A CN202311354097.1A CN202311354097A CN117417161A CN 117417161 A CN117417161 A CN 117417161A CN 202311354097 A CN202311354097 A CN 202311354097A CN 117417161 A CN117417161 A CN 117417161A
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- sand washing
- free brick
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims description 145
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005670 poly(ethylene-vinyl chloride) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 131
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
- C04B22/062—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals
- C04B22/064—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals of the alkaline-earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly discloses a high-compactness sand-washing mud baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the baking-free brick comprises 60-90 parts of sand-washing mud, 10-30 parts of stone powder, 5-20 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of slaked lime, 0.1-1 part of redispersible emulsion powder and 5-10 parts of water, and the preparation process comprises the steps of firstly dry-mixing the sand-washing mud, stone powder, cement, slaked lime and the redispersible emulsion powder, then spraying water into the dry mixture until a wet mixture with the water content in a certain precise range is obtained, finally pouring the wet mixture into a static-pressure brick mold, and carrying out secondary static pressure molding under a certain precise range pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly discloses a high-compactness sand-washing mud baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The sand washing mud is a material which is produced after the sand washing mud is washed and contains a large amount of mud sand, water and impurities in order to improve the quality of machine-made sand in the process of preparing machine-made sand.
The sand washing mud is a waste material, but has a certain potential value. The sand washing mud contains se:Sub>A certain proportion of clay and fine sand (the fine sand is mainly composed of tiny rock fragments, the rock fragments are formed by erosion and weathering of rock, the grain size of the fine sand is distributed between 1 mu m and 1000 mu m), and researches show that mineral components such as kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite and the like in the clay can react with strong alkali to generate hydration products C-S-H and C-A-H; in addition, when the grain size of the fine sand is less than 75 μm, it can exhibit a certain pozzolanic activity, and also can generate hydration products under alkaline excitation. The baking-free brick is prepared by reasonably utilizing the useful components in the sand washing mud, so that the waste of the sand washing mud can be changed into valuable, the current green development requirement is very met, and the baking-free brick is a brick molded by static pressure, and has the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection and low carbon. However, the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud is often poor in water resistance, and is easy to crack, seriously and even collapse after being contacted with water, which is a main problem for restricting popularization and application. To improve the water resistance of baking-free bricks, studies have shown that improving the compactibility thereof is one of the most effective ways.
Aiming at the problem of poor water resistance of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud, a corresponding improvement method is provided in the prior art. As patent CN110002824, a baking-free brick and a production method thereof are proposed, the baking-free brick uses clay and recycled aggregate as raw materials for making bricks, cement as a gelling agent, and the clay and the fusion agent are wrapped and fused under the action of an additive and the fusion agent, so that waste residues and waste materials are fully utilized, and the prepared clay baking-free brick has the characteristics of better waterproof effect and the like. However, the invention has two obvious defects, firstly, the clay baking-free brick prepared by the invention uses curing agent, fusion agent and various additives, and the cost is very high; secondly, the steps of preparing the curing agent and the fusion agent are complicated, and finally the baking-free bricks are required to be coated with the curing agent, so that the whole preparation process is complicated and is not beneficial to large-scale popularization.
Based on the defects of the sand washing mud baking-free brick and the defects of the prior invention, the invention plans to improve the compactness of the sand washing mud baking-free brick from the aspects of optimization of the preparation process and the component proportion, further improves the water resistance of the sand washing mud baking-free brick, and explores the sand washing mud baking-free brick with high compactness so as to realize the high added value utilization of the sand washing mud and reduce the production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a baking-free brick of high-compactness sand washing mud and a preparation method thereof, so that the production cost is reduced and the high added value utilization of the sand washing mud is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the baking-free brick is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of sand washing mud, 10-30 parts of stone powder, 5-20 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of slaked lime, 0.1-1 part of redispersible emulsion powder and 5-10 parts of water.
Preferably, the sand washing mud is mud generated in the process of washing machine-made sand, the sand content is less than or equal to 30 percent, the mud content is more than or equal to 60 percent, and the main component is SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And CaO, the organic matter content is less than or equal to 15 percent, the water content is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the grain diameter range is less than or equal to 5mm.
Preferably, the stone powder is collected during the ore crushing process of the machine-made sand crushing equipment, and the particle size is 0.01 mm-8 mm.
Preferably, the cement is Portland cement.
Preferably, the calcium content of the slaked lime is more than or equal to 95%, and the slaked lime is white powdery solid.
Preferably, the redispersible emulsion powder is water-soluble white to light beige or light yellow powder, the active ingredient is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene or one of flexible terpolymers of vinyl chloride, ethylene and vinyl laurate, the solid content is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the bulk density is 400-550 kg/m 3 。
Furthermore, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-compactness sand washing mud baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying sand washing mud and crushing the sand washing mud to a specified specification;
s2, respectively measuring 60-90 parts of sand washing mud, 10-30 parts of stone powder, 5-20 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of slaked lime, 0.1-1 part of redispersible emulsion powder and 5-10 parts of water according to the mass ratio for standby;
s3, mixing sand washing mud, stone powder, cement, slaked lime and redispersible emulsion powder, and dry-stirring for 4min to obtain a uniform mixture;
s4, spraying the weighed water into the dry mixture by adopting a spray pot until the water content is controlled within a range of 12% +/-0.5%, and the wet stirring time is controlled within 5 min;
s5, pouring the sand washing mud baking-free brick mixture with the water content reaching the standard into a mould of a static pressure brick making machine, controlling the pressure of the press machine to be 12+/-1 MPa, and adopting a secondary static pressure mode to prepare the sand washing mud baking-free brick;
s6, placing the obtained sand washing mud baking-free brick in an environment with the temperature of 23+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65+/-15%, curing for 28 days in a film covering mode to obtain the sand washing mud baking-free brick with high compactness, and testing the strength and the water resistance of the sand washing mud baking-free brick.
The high-compactness sand washing mud baking-free brick obtained by the invention is mainly applied to the field of constructional engineering.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) The invention has the characteristics of low cost and capability of large-scale consumption of the sand washing mud and stone powder waste, which avoids occupation and pollution of the waste to land resources, and meanwhile, the baking-free brick prepared by the optimal proportion has high compactness, the softening coefficient of the baking-free brick can reach 0.9 at most, and the water resistance is excellent.
2) The compactness of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud is improved through optimization and multiple aspects of the preparation process and the component proportion, so that the water resistance of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud is improved. In the aspect of the preparation process, the moisture content (12% +/-0.5%) and the static pressure forming pressure (12+/-1 MPa) of the wet mixture are accurately regulated and controlled, so that the compactness of the baking-free brick is maximally improved; in the aspect of proportion optimization, cement is replaced by internally doped slaked lime and externally doped redispersible emulsion powder is used for promoting the internal reaction degree of the baking-free brick to generate more hydration products, so that the compactness of the baking-free brick is improved.
3) The invention pre-stirs the sand washing mud, stone powder, cement, slaked lime and redispersible emulsion powder, and the aim of the pre-stirring is to ensure that the cement, the slaked lime and the redispersible emulsion powder are uniformly distributed around the sand washing mud and stone powder particles, which is beneficial to the generation of hydration products between the sand washing mud and stone powder, ensures the compactness of the baking-free brick and improves the water resistance of the baking-free brick. The specific analysis is as follows: in the pre-stirring process, the sand washing mud, the stone powder, the cement, the slaked lime and the redispersible emulsion powder are fully mixed, when water is added, the redispersible emulsion powder can be redispersed into emulsion when meeting water, the emulsion can wrap the cement, the slaked lime, the sand washing mud and the stone powder which are uniformly dispersed, so that hydration products generated by the reaction of the slaked lime and the cement can wrap the sand washing mud and the stone powder around the hydration products, and the compactness of the baking-free bricks of the sand washing mud is improved to improve the water resistance of the baking-free bricks.
4) According to the invention, the slaked lime and the redispersible emulsion powder are mixed with each other, so that the effect of multiple improvement of the crack resistance of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud can be achieved, and the compactness of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud is further improved to improve the water resistance of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud. The specific analysis is as follows: shrinkage stress can be generated in the hydration process of cement in the baking-free brick, so that the baking-free brick is reduced in volume and cracked, and the water resistance of the baking-free brick is affected. After the slaked lime is doped, crystals can be separated out from the slaked lime in a saturated state, the deformation resistance of the slaked lime is stronger than that of hydrated product gel, shrinkage caused by cement reaction can be resisted to a certain extent, expansion stress can be generated in the hydration process of the slaked lime in the other side, the volume of the baking-free brick is increased, cracks are filled, and the two stresses can be mutually offset or balanced by doping the slaked lime in a proper proportion, so that the shrinkage deformation and cracking risks of the baking-free brick are reduced or eliminated. After the redispersible emulsion powder is doped, the emulsion formed by the redispersible emulsion powder can form a continuous polymer film, and the film can increase the cohesion, cohesion and flexibility of the baking-free brick, so that the baking-free brick is favorable for resisting stress concentration and crack extension, and the compactness of the baking-free brick is improved, thereby improving the water resistance.
5) The invention mixes the slaked lime and the redispersible emulsion powder, which is beneficial to further ensuring that the slaked lime continuously reacts with the clay in the sand washing mud and the active ingredients (active silicon dioxide, active alumina and the like) in the fine sand to generate more hydration products, thereby improving the compactness of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud and improving the water resistance of the baking-free brick. The specific analysis is as follows: the water is needed for the pozzolan reaction of the slaked lime, and the redispersible emulsion powder used in the invention can be redispersed into emulsion after encountering water, and the emulsion can wrap the baking-free brick, so that the moisture in the baking-free brick is prevented from being lost too quickly, and the sufficient moisture is beneficial to promoting the slaked lime reaction to generate more hydration products to wrap sand washing mud, stone powder and other materials, so that the compactness of the baking-free brick is improved, and the water resistance of the baking-free brick is further improved.
6) The slaked lime used in the invention can release calcium hydroxide, and maintain the alkaline environment of the baking-free brick, which is beneficial to improving the compactness of the baking-free brick of sand washing mud and further improving the water resistance of the baking-free brick. The specific analysis is as follows: the sand washing mud contains clay, fine sand and other components which can play the role in a strong alkaline environment, however, along with the hydration reaction of cement, the alkalinity of the baking-free brick can be reduced, at the moment, the clay, the fine sand and other components in the sand washing mud cannot play the role sufficiently due to insufficient alkalinity, so that the generation of hydration products is limited, the baking-free brick can be kept in the strong alkaline environment after the hydrated lime is doped, the clay and the fine sand in the sand washing mud can play the role, the further generation of the hydration products is promoted, the compactness of the baking-free brick is improved, and the water resistance of the baking-free brick is improved.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The materials used in the invention:
the sand washing mud is machine-made sand and washed sandThe mud produced in the process has sand content less than or equal to 30% and mud content more than or equal to 60% and contains SiO as main component 2 、Al 2 O 3 And CaO, the organic matter content is less than or equal to 15 percent, the water content is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the grain diameter range is less than or equal to 5mm.
The stone powder is collected during the ore crushing process of the machine-made sand crushing equipment, and the particle size is 0.01 mm-8 mm.
The cement is ordinary silicate cement.
The calcium content of the slaked lime is more than or equal to 95 percent, and white powdery solid is obtained.
The redispersible emulsion powder is water-soluble white to light beige or light yellow powder, the active ingredient is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene or one of flexible terpolymers of vinyl chloride, ethylene and vinyl laurate, the solid content is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the bulk density is 400-550 kg/m 3 . Redispersible latex powder product source: heck 3030H (flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene) and heck 8031H (flexible terpolymer of vinyl chloride, ethylene and vinyl laurate).
The water meets the use requirement of the construction standard JGJ63-2006 water Standard for concrete in the construction industry.
Example 1
The baking-free brick is composed of 90 parts of sand washing mud, 30 parts of stone powder, 20 parts of cement, 5 parts of slaked lime, 1 part of redispersible emulsion powder and 8 parts of water according to parts by weight.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 3mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 11.5%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 11MPa.
The preparation method of the high-compactness sand washing mud baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying sand washing mud and crushing the sand washing mud to a specified specification;
s2, respectively measuring raw materials according to the mass ratio for standby;
s3, mixing sand washing mud, stone powder, cement, slaked lime and redispersible emulsion powder, and dry-stirring for 4min to obtain a uniform mixture;
s4, spraying the weighed water into the dry mixture by adopting a spray pot until the water content is controlled to be 11.5%, and controlling the wet stirring time to be within 5 minutes;
s5, pouring the sand-washing mud baking-free brick mixture with the water content reaching the standard into a mould of a static-pressure brick making machine, controlling the pressure of the press machine to be 11MPa, and adopting a secondary static pressure mode to prepare the sand-washing mud baking-free brick;
s6, placing the obtained sand washing mud baking-free brick in an environment with the temperature of 23+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65+/-15%, curing for 28 days in a film covering mode to obtain the sand washing mud baking-free brick with high compactness, and testing the strength and the water resistance of the sand washing mud baking-free brick.
Example 2
The baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 12MPa.
Example 3: the baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 70 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 15 parts by weight of stone powder, 10 parts by weight of cement, 2 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.6 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 6.5 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible terpolymer of vinyl chloride, ethylene and vinyl laurate (product source: wake 8031H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12.5%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 13MPa.
Comparative example 1: the baking-free brick of the proposal is not added with redispersible emulsion powder and slaked lime
The baking-free brick with high compactness and sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 18 parts by weight of cement and 7 parts by weight of water.
In the preparation method, the redispersible emulsion powder and the slaked lime are not added, so that the sand washing mud, the stone powder and the cement are directly dry-mixed for 4min in the step S3, the cement particles are ensured to be uniformly distributed around the sand washing mud and the stone powder particles, and other preparation steps are the same as in the example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 12MPa.
Comparative example 2: the baking-free brick of the proposal is not added with redispersible emulsion powder
The baking-free brick with high compactness and sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime and 7 parts by weight of water.
In the preparation method, the redispersible emulsion powder is not added, so that the sand washing mud, the stone powder, the cement and the slaked lime are directly dry-mixed for 4min in the step S3, the cement particles and the slaked lime particles are ensured to be uniformly distributed around the sand washing mud and the stone powder particles, and other preparation steps are the same as in the example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 12MPa.
Comparative example 3: the baking-free brick of the proposal is not added with slaked lime
The baking-free brick with high compactness and sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 18 parts by weight of cement, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water.
The preparation method is characterized in that no slaked lime is added, so that the sand washing mud, stone powder, cement and redispersible emulsion powder are directly dried and stirred for 4min in the step S3, the cement particles and the redispersible emulsion powder are ensured to be uniformly distributed around the sand washing mud and the stone powder particles, and other preparation steps are the same as those in the example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 12MPa.
Comparative example 4: the baking-free brick of the scheme adopts coarse sand washing mud to replace the sand washing mud in the embodiment 2
The baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 9mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 12MPa.
Comparative example 5: the baking-free brick redispersible emulsion powder of the proposal has the active ingredient of rigid copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymer
The baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a rigid copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymer (product source: wake 7550A), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the hydrostatic forming pressure is 12MPa.
Comparative example 6: the baking-free brick of the scheme has the advantages that the moisture content of the wet mixture is too low before pressing
The baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 9%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 12MPa.
Comparative example 7: the baking-free brick of the proposal has the advantages that the moisture content of the wet mixture is too high before pressing
The baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 14%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 12MPa.
Comparative example 8: the static pressure forming pressure of the baking-free brick is too low
The baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 8MPa.
Comparative example 9: the static pressure forming pressure of the baking-free brick is too high
The baking-free brick with the high compactness and the sand washing mud consists of 80 parts by weight of sand washing mud, 20 parts by weight of stone powder, 15 parts by weight of cement, 3 parts by weight of slaked lime, 0.8 part by weight of redispersible emulsion powder and 7 parts by weight of water, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the sand washing mud is 2mm, the effective component of the redispersible emulsion powder is a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene (product source: wake 3030H), the water content of the wet mixture before pressing is 12%, and the static pressure molding pressure is 15MPa.
The 28d compressive strength, drying shrinkage and softening coefficient of the sand washing mud baking-free bricks were tested according to the method for testing wall bricks (GB/T2542-2012). The test results of the baking-free bricks of the sand washing mud obtained in the examples and the comparative examples are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1 test results of the performance of baking-free bricks of washed mortar obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 9
As can be seen from table 1, the compressive strength and softening coefficient (the larger the water resistance is characterized, the better the water resistance of the baking-free brick is shown) of the examples are obviously improved and the drying shrinkage is obviously reduced compared with the comparative example 28 d; meanwhile, as can be found from examples and comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the compressive strength and softening coefficient of the sand washing mud baking-free brick samples obtained in the examples are superior to those of the comparative examples and the drying shrinkage is lower than that of the comparative examples, which means that the re-blending of the slaked lime and the redispersible emulsion powder improves the mechanical property and the water resistance of the sand washing mud baking-free brick and is superior to the single blending or the non-blending of the slaked lime or the redispersible emulsion powder in the aspect of reducing the drying shrinkage effect. In addition, it is known from examples 2 and 4 that the particle size of the sand washing mud is a key parameter affecting the compactibility of the baking-free bricks of the sand washing mud, i.e., the excessive coarse sand washing mud (the particle size of the raw material is too coarse, which leads to increase of inter-particle voids and further decrease of compactibility) decreases the compactibility of the baking-free bricks, thereby affecting various properties thereof. Further, as can be seen from example 2 and comparative example 5, the type of the redispersible emulsion powder is also a key parameter affecting the compactibility of the baking-free bricks of the sand washing mud.
From example 2 and comparative examples 6 and 7, it is known that the too low or too high water content (on the one hand, the too low water content causes hydration reaction to lack water, hydration products cannot be sufficiently generated to reduce compactness and on the other hand, friction between wet mixture and a mold is increased, corner defects are likely to occur at baking-free brick corners, free water in the wet mixture with too high water content is increased, effective forming pressure is reduced, and compaction cannot be performed) can both cause the deterioration of the compactness of the baking-free bricks of the sand washing mud to affect various performances of the baking-free bricks of the sand washing mud, and it is seen that proper water content is a key parameter affecting the compactness of the baking-free bricks of the sand washing mud.
From example 2 and comparative examples 8 and 9, it is known that the molding pressure is too low or too high (the compactness of the baking-free brick per se is insufficient under the too low molding pressure, and the too high molding pressure is a key parameter affecting the compactness of the baking-free brick of the sand washing mud because the gas in the mixture is excessively compressed to generate a strong reaction force during the stirring process of the mixture, thereby causing the defects of easy generation of fine cracks and the like of the baking-free brick) in the preparation process.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. The baking-free brick is characterized by comprising the following preparation materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of sand washing mud, 10-30 parts of stone powder, 5-20 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of slaked lime, 0.1-1 part of redispersible latex powder and 5-10 parts of water.
2. The high-compactness sand-washing mud baking-free brick of claim 1, wherein the sand-washing mud is mud generated in the process of machine-made sand washing, the sand content is less than or equal to 30%, the mud content is more than or equal to 60%, and the main component is SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And CaO, the organic matter content is less than or equal to 15 percent, the water content is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the grain diameter range is less than or equal to 5mm.
3. The high-compactness sand-washed mud baking-free brick of claim 1, wherein the stone powder is collected during ore crushing of the machine-made sand crushing equipment, and the grain size is 0.01 mm-8 mm.
4. The high density sand washing mud baking-free brick of claim 1 wherein the cement is portland cement.
5. The high-compactness sand-washed mud baking-free brick of claim 1, wherein the calcium content of the slaked lime is more than or equal to 95%, white powdery solid.
6. The high-compactness sand-washing mud baking-free brick of claim 1, wherein the redispersible emulsion powder comprises a flexible copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene or a flexible terpolymer of vinyl chloride, ethylene and vinyl laurate as an active ingredient, has a solid content of more than or equal to 98% and a bulk density of 400-550 kg/m 3 。
7. The method for preparing the baking-free brick of the high-compactness sand washing mud as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, air-drying sand washing mud and crushing the sand washing mud to a specified specification;
s2, respectively measuring 60-90 parts of sand washing mud, 10-30 parts of stone powder, 5-20 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of slaked lime, 0.1-1 part of redispersible emulsion powder and 5-10 parts of water according to the mass ratio for standby;
s3, mixing sand washing mud, stone powder, cement, slaked lime and redispersible emulsion powder, and dry-stirring for 4min to obtain a uniform mixture;
s4, spraying the weighed water into the dry mixture by adopting a spray pot until the water content is controlled within a range of 12% +/-0.5%, and the wet stirring time is controlled within 5 min;
s5, pouring the sand washing mud baking-free brick mixture with the water content reaching the standard into a mould of a static pressure brick making machine, controlling the pressure of the press machine to be 12+/-1 MPa, and adopting a secondary static pressure mode to prepare the sand washing mud baking-free brick;
s6, placing the obtained sand washing mud baking-free brick in an environment with the temperature of 23+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65+/-15%, curing for 28 days in a film covering mode to obtain the sand washing mud baking-free brick with high compactness, and testing the strength and the water resistance of the sand washing mud baking-free brick.
8. Use of the baking-free brick according to any of claims 1-6 in the field of construction engineering.
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