CN117415388A - Numerical control machine tool for machining linear guide rail screw rod and control method thereof - Google Patents

Numerical control machine tool for machining linear guide rail screw rod and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117415388A
CN117415388A CN202311740777.7A CN202311740777A CN117415388A CN 117415388 A CN117415388 A CN 117415388A CN 202311740777 A CN202311740777 A CN 202311740777A CN 117415388 A CN117415388 A CN 117415388A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
assembly
positioning
metal rod
piece
control information
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Granted
Application number
CN202311740777.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN117415388B (en
Inventor
余鹏
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Guangdong Taichun Precision Technology Co ltd
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Guangdong Taichun Precision Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311740777.7A priority Critical patent/CN117415388B/en
Publication of CN117415388A publication Critical patent/CN117415388A/en
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Publication of CN117415388B publication Critical patent/CN117415388B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
    • B23Q11/005—Devices for removing chips by blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/013—Control or regulation of feed movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
    • B23Q3/064—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material for holding elongated workpieces, e.g. pipes, bars or profiles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerically-controlled machine tools, in particular to a numerically-controlled machine tool for processing a linear guide rail screw rod and a control method thereof, wherein the numerically-controlled machine tool comprises a machine body, a machine body and a control device, wherein two movable seats capable of linearly moving are arranged in the machine body; a cutting assembly coupled to a top surface of one of the mobile stations; the support component is connected to the top surface of the other movable seat; according to the invention, the surface of the metal rod is cut through the cutting component, the thread groove is cut, the surface of the metal rod is wrapped and clamped through the supporting component under the driving action of the movable seat, and the supporting component synchronously moves along with the cutting component, so that the metal rod is movably supported in the cutting process, the occurrence of bending of the middle part of the metal rod in the cutting process is avoided, and the stability of the metal rod in the cutting process is further maintained.

Description

Numerical control machine tool for machining linear guide rail screw rod and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a numerical control machine tool for machining a linear guide rail screw rod and a control method thereof.
Background
A numerical control lathe is one of the numerical control lathes that are widely used. The cutting tool is mainly used for cutting machining of inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of shaft parts or disc parts, inner and outer conical surfaces of any cone angle, complex rotation inner and outer curved surfaces, cylindrical threads, conical threads and the like, and can be used for grooving, drilling, reaming, boring and the like.
The invention patent of part of the related digit control machine tool is disclosed in the prior art, the chinese patent with application number 202110440747.9 discloses a ball screw's processingequipment, the left end fixedly connected with of support bottom stores the box, and stores the bottom sliding connection of box inner chamber and have the drawer, simultaneously, stores the upper left end fixedly connected with alarm of box front surface, the left side fixedly mounted of box has the suction fan.
In the process of cutting the thread groove on the metal rod, the prior art is used for positioning the two ends of the metal rod, when the metal rod is slender, the metal rod is slightly bent under the action force of the cutting knife when the cutting knife cuts to the middle part of the metal rod due to the fact that the middle part lacks support, and then the thread groove is affected, and the processing quality of the guide rail screw rod is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects that when a metal rod is slender, the middle part lacks support, and when a cutting knife cuts to the middle part of the metal rod, the metal rod is possibly slightly bent under the action force of the cutting knife, so that the machining of a thread groove is influenced, and the machining quality of a guide rail screw rod is influenced.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect provides a numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw, including:
the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a machine tool body and a machine tool body, wherein the machine tool body comprises two parallel and synchronously moving seats, a controller, a chuck clamping structure and a thimble supporting structure, the chuck clamping structure clamps one end of a metal rod to be processed, and the thimble supporting structure supports the other end of the metal rod;
the clamping structure of the chuck is a triangular chuck, the thimble supporting structure is a center arranged on the tailstock, when the metal rod is arranged, the end part of the metal rod is clamped through the triangular chuck on the bed body, and the other end of the metal rod is positioned in a jacking manner through the center on the tailstock of the bed body;
the movable seat on the bed body is driven by a linear screw driving device to linearly move along the length direction of the bed body, wherein the linear screw driving device comprises a first motor, the first motor is fixed on the inner wall of the bed body, the tail end of an output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with a screw, the other end of the screw is rotationally connected with the bed body, and the screw is in threaded connection with the movable seat;
a cutting assembly coupled to a top surface of one of the mobile stations;
it is further noted that the cutting assembly includes a mounting table secured to the top surface of the mobile seat; the side wall of the mounting table is fixed with the mounting table;
the support assembly comprises a support table, the support table is connected to the top surface of the other movable seat, a group of positioning pieces are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the support table, and a first straightening roller, a second straightening roller and a third straightening roller are respectively arranged in the two groups of positioning pieces and are distributed on three straightening points;
the positioning piece comprises a mounting box, wherein the mounting box is fixed with the supporting table through a first electric cylinder, and a mounting cavity is formed in the mounting box; the three straightening rollers are all rotationally connected in the mounting cavity; the straightening roller can be in a shape which is fit with the surface of the metal rod; when supporting, first through starting first jar, first jar promotes the setting element and moves to the one side that is close to the metal pole, and the metal pole gets into from the open position of three alignment point to contact with three alignment roller, in the cutting process, supports the surface of metal pole through three alignment roller.
Preferably, the three straightening points are distributed on the surface of the metal rod in a U shape; the locating piece includes the mounting box, the supporting component still includes:
the rotating and positioning assembly can be rotatably arranged in the mounting box, and after the rotating and positioning assembly is rotated, the rotating and positioning assembly moves to one side of the U-shaped opening of the three straightening points;
when supporting, first jar through starting, first jar promotes the setting element and moves to the one side that is close to the metal pole, the metal pole gets into from the open position of three alignment roller that is U type distribution, and contact with three alignment roller, in the cutting process, support the surface of metal pole through three alignment roller, and through starting rotation positioning assembly, make rotation positioning assembly to be close to the one side of cutting sword and remove, support the one side that the metal pole was not supported, support all around the metal pole through rotation positioning assembly and three alignment roller cooperation, and in the cutting process, remove the support to the metal pole, be favorable to avoiding in the cutting process, the condition emergence of bending takes place at the metal pole middle part, and then be favorable to maintaining the stability of metal pole in the cutting process.
In a second aspect, a control method of a numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw is provided, the control method including the steps of:
obtaining a distance parameter;
comparing the distance parameter with a preset first range parameter and a preset second range parameter respectively, generating first control information and generating second control information in a delayed mode if the distance parameter reaches the first range parameter, generating third control information and generating fourth control information in a delayed mode if the distance parameter reaches the second range parameter;
the first control information is sent to the positioning piece and used for controlling the positioning piece to extend out to limit the metal rod;
the second control information is sent to the rotation positioning assembly and used for controlling the rotation positioning assembly to turn over and limit;
transmitting third control information to the rotary positioning assembly for controlling the rotary positioning assembly to turn over and give way;
the fourth control information is sent to the positioning piece and used for controlling the contraction of the positioning piece to give way;
the controller can control the locating piece to stretch out to limit the metal rod first and then control the rotating locating component to turn over and limit the metal rod, so that the omnibearing limit of the metal rod is completed, and when the moving seat moves to the position of the position, the controller controls the rotating locating component to turn over and give way first and then control the locating piece to shrink to give way, along with the movement of the moving seat, the distance parameter detected by the position sensor can be changed continuously, and when the moving seat moves to the position of the position, the distance parameter is in the range of the first range parameter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. under the drive effect of moving the seat, wrap up and press from both sides the surface of metal pole through supporting component to supporting component moves along with cutting component is synchronous, at the cutting in-process, removes the support to the metal pole, is favorable to avoiding at the cutting in-process, and the condition that the metal pole middle part takes place to bend takes place, and then is favorable to maintaining the stability of metal pole in the cutting.
2. In the cutting process, the air pump is started, the air ejector tube is kept away from the control valve of mounting box one end and is in the open state, another control valve is in the closed state, the air pump is with inside gaseous conveying entering air ejector tube, on the one hand, the metal pole surface after the cutting is blown the clearance, avoid impurity to be stained with inside the screw groove, the condition of the influence that causes subsequent cutting takes place, on the other hand, the alignment roller is in supporting the in-process, impurity is pressed between alignment roller and metal pole easily, through in time blowing away the clearance to impurity, also be favorable to avoiding the condition that the impurity that is stained with the influence is caused to the support of alignment roller to take place.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 2 at B according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the support table and the positioning member according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 4 at C according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mounting box of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mounting box according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 7 at D according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mounting box of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 9 at E according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a control method of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a method of controlling a gas delivery assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a flow chart of a control method of the push assembly and control valve of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a bed body; 2. a movable seat; 3. a metal rod; 4. a support table; 5. a cutting blade; 6. a triangular chuck; 7. a center; 8. a first motor; 9. a screw; 10. a mounting table; 11. a mounting box; 12. a first electric cylinder; 13. a mounting cavity; 14. a first straightening roller; 15. a position sensor; 16. a rotating plate; 17. a mounting groove; 18. a fourth straightening roller; 19. a second motor; 20. a first gear; 21. an arc-shaped rack; 22. a bracket; 23. a limiting plate; 24. a baffle; 25. a slide block; 26. a second electric cylinder; 27. a mounting box; 28. a gas lance; 29. a gas injection hole; 30. a control valve; 31. an air pump; 32. a gas pipe; 33. a second spring; 34. a cleaning end; 35. a third electric cylinder; 36. a fixing part; 37. a movable part; 38. a limiting block; 39. a second straightening roller; 40. a third straightening roller; 41. a first spring; 42. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
A numerical control machine for linear guide screw machining as shown in fig. 1 to 10, comprising:
the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 1, a machine tool body and a machine tool body, wherein the machine tool body comprises two parallel and synchronously moving seats 2, a controller 42, a chuck clamping structure and a thimble supporting structure, the chuck clamping structure clamps one end of a metal rod 3 to be processed, and the thimble supporting structure supports the other end of the metal rod 3;
the chuck clamping structure is a triangular chuck 6, the thimble supporting structure is a center 7 arranged on the tailstock, when the metal rod 3 is arranged, the end part of the metal rod 3 is clamped through the triangular chuck 6 on the bed body 1, and the other end of the metal rod 3 is positioned in a jacking manner through the center 7 on the tailstock of the bed body 1;
the movable seat 2 on the bed body 1 is driven by a linear screw driving device to linearly move along the length direction of the bed body 1, wherein the linear screw driving device comprises a first motor 8, the first motor 8 is fixed on the inner wall of the bed body 1, the tail end of an output shaft of the first motor 8 is fixedly connected with a screw 9, the other end of the screw 9 is rotationally connected with the bed body 1, and the screw 9 is in threaded connection with the movable seat 2;
a cutting assembly attached to the top surface of one of the traveling seats 2;
it should be further noted that the cutting assembly includes a mounting table 10, and the mounting table 10 is fixed on the top surface of the movable base 2; a cutting blade 5 is fixed on the side wall of the mounting table 10;
the support assembly comprises a support table 4, the support table 4 is connected to the top surface of the other movable seat 2, a group of positioning pieces are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the support table 4, and a first straightening roller 14, a second straightening roller 39 and a third straightening roller 40 are respectively arranged in the two groups of positioning pieces and distributed on three straightening points;
it should be further noted that the positioning member includes a mounting box 11, where the mounting box 11 is fixed to the support table 4 by a first electric cylinder 12, and a mounting cavity 13 is provided in the mounting box 11; the three straightening rollers are all rotationally connected in the mounting cavity 13; the straightening roller can be in a shape which is attached to the surface of the metal rod 3; when the metal rod 3 is supported, the first electric cylinder 12 is started, the first electric cylinder 12 pushes the two groups of positioning pieces to move to the side close to the metal rod 3, the metal rod 3 enters from the opening positions of the three alignment points and is contacted with the three alignment rollers on each group of positioning pieces, and in the cutting process, the surfaces of the metal rod 3 are supported by the first alignment roller 14, the second alignment roller 39 and the third alignment roller 40;
when the cutting assembly moves along with the moving seat 2, the supporting assembly synchronously moves and supports the metal rod 3 through the two groups of straightening rollers, when the cutting assembly moves to the end part of the metal rod 3, the supporting assembly automatically cancels the support of the metal rod 3 and gives way, and when the cutting assembly moves to the end part far away from the metal rod 3, the supporting assembly automatically re-supports the metal rod 3; in an alternative embodiment, in the process of cutting a thread groove on a metal rod 3, in the prior art, the two ends of the metal rod 3 are positioned, when the metal rod 3 is relatively slender, due to the fact that the middle part lacks support, when the cutting blade 5 cuts to the middle part of the metal rod 3, the metal rod 3 may be slightly bent under the acting force of the cutting blade 5, so that the thread groove is processed, and the processing quality of a guide rail wire is further affected.
It should be noted that the three straightening points are distributed on the surface of the metal rod 3 in a U shape; the positioning member includes a mounting box 11, and the support assembly further includes:
the rotating and positioning assembly is rotatably arranged in the installation box 11 and moves to one side of the U-shaped opening of the three straightening points after the rotating and positioning assembly is rotated;
in an alternative embodiment, when supporting, the first electric cylinder 12 is started, the first electric cylinder 12 pushes the positioning piece to move to one side close to the metal rod 3, the metal rod 3 enters from the opening positions of three straightening rollers distributed in a U shape and contacts with the three straightening rollers, in the cutting process, the surface of the metal rod 3 is supported by the three straightening rollers, the rotating positioning assembly is started to move to one side close to the cutting knife 5, the unsupported side of the metal rod 3 is supported, the periphery of the metal rod 3 is supported by the matching of the rotating positioning assembly and the three straightening rollers, and in the cutting process, the metal rod 3 is supported in a moving way, so that the situation that the middle part of the metal rod 3 is bent in the cutting process is avoided, and the stability of the metal rod 3 in the cutting process is further maintained.
As a further embodiment of the present invention, a rotational positioning assembly includes:
the rotating frame is provided with a turnover piece and a fourth straightening roller 18, the turnover piece is rotationally connected to the surface of the positioning piece, and the fourth straightening roller 18 is connected with the turnover piece;
the driving assembly is arranged on the positioning piece and used for driving the overturning piece to rotate;
the position sensor 15 is arranged on the surface of the supporting table 4 and is used for detecting the distance parameter of the supporting table 4 from one end of the metal rod 3 close to the chuck clamping structure;
it should be further described that the flipping member includes: the rotating plate 16 is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped surface is provided with a mounting groove 17; the fourth straightening roller 18 is rotatably connected in the mounting groove 17; the drive assembly includes: a second motor 19 fixed on the inner wall of the positioning member; a first gear 20 fixed to the end of the output shaft of the second motor 19; an arc-shaped rack 21 is fixed on the arc-shaped surface of the rotating plate 16 and meshed with the first gear 20. When the rotating plate 16 is required to rotate, the output shaft of the second motor 19 drives the first gear 20 to rotate by starting the second motor 19, the arc-shaped rack 21 can be driven to rotate under the meshing action of the first gear 20 and the arc-shaped rack 21, and the rotating plate 16 is driven to rotate by the arc-shaped rack 21, so that the driving function is completed;
after the rotation of the rotation positioning assembly is completed, the fourth straightening roller 18 contacts with the surface of the metal rod 3, so that the fourth straightening roller 18 is matched with the other three straightening rollers, support points are arranged on the periphery of the metal rod 3, and the metal rod 3 is stably supported;
it should be noted that, two limiting blocks 38 are disposed in the installation box 11, the two limiting blocks 38 are used for limiting the rotation angle of the rotation plate 16, and when the rotation plate 16 rotates to the final position, the end of the rotation plate 16 contacts with the limiting blocks 38;
the controller 42 is further configured to determine a positioning location and a yielding location based on the distance parameter;
when the positioning piece moves to the positioning position, the controller firstly controls the positioning piece to extend out to enable the positioning piece to be in contact with the metal rod 3, then controls the overturning piece to overturn, and when the positioning piece moves to the yielding position, firstly controls the overturning piece to rotate for resetting, and then controls the positioning piece to shrink for yielding.
It should be noted that, by presetting two range parameters in the controller 42, when the distance parameter detected by the position sensor reaches the first range parameter, it is determined that the positioning element reaches the positioning position, and when the distance parameter detected by the sensor reaches the second range parameter, it is determined that the positioning element reaches the yielding position, where the positioning position and the yielding position are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the metal rod.
In an alternative embodiment, two groups of positioning pieces are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a cutting knife 5 in the cutting process, on one hand, when the cutting knife 5 moves towards the end part of a metal rod 3, the positioning pieces collide and interfere with a triangular chuck 6 and a center 7 at the end part of the metal rod 3, so that the positioning pieces need to be contracted and abducted in advance, on the other hand, as the two ends of the metal rod 3 are respectively provided with the triangular chuck 6 and the center 7 for supporting and positioning without a supporting component, the supporting component does not need to support, after the supporting component is not supported, the stability of the metal rod 3 is not influenced;
when the abdication is completed, the cutting knife 5 cuts the end part of the metal rod 3, and then the two moving seats 2 continue to synchronously move when the cutting knife deepens and cuts for the second time, after the moving seats 2 move to the position needing to be clamped, the first electric cylinder 12 is controlled by the controller 42 arranged in the machine tool, the positioning piece is pushed to move towards the side close to the metal rod 3, then the rotating positioning component is started, the unsupported side of the metal rod 3 is supported, the periphery of the metal rod 3 can be stably supported, and the stability of the metal rod 3 in the cutting process is maintained.
As a further embodiment of the present invention, the support assembly further comprises:
the first sliding piece is in sliding connection with the positioning piece and is in rotary connection with the first straightening roller 14;
it should be further noted that the first sliding member includes a support 22, where the support 22 is vertically slidably connected to the top surface of the mounting box 11, and an end of the support 22 penetrates through the top surface of the mounting box 11 and extends out to fix a limiting plate 23, a baffle 24 is fixed on the surface of the support 22, and the support 22 is rotationally connected to the first straightening roller 14;
the elastic piece is arranged between the positioning piece and the first sliding piece, so that the first sliding piece is elastically connected with the positioning piece;
it should be further noted that the elastic member is a first spring 41, the first spring 41 is sleeved on the bracket 22, one end of the first spring 41 is fixed with the top surface of the mounting box 11, and the other end of the first spring 41 is fixed with the bottom surface of the limiting plate 23;
the second sliding piece is in sliding connection with the overturning piece and is in rotary connection with the fourth straightening roller 18;
it should be further noted that the second sliding member includes two sliding blocks 25, where the two sliding blocks 25 are both slidably connected to the rotating plate 16, the two sliding blocks 25 are symmetrically disposed at the upper and lower ends of the fourth straightening roller 18, and the sliding blocks 25 are rotationally connected to the fourth straightening roller 18;
the electric limiting parts are respectively arranged in the positioning part and the overturning part and are used for pushing and limiting the first straightening roller 14 and the fourth straightening roller 18;
it should be further noted that each electric limiting member includes a second electric cylinder 26, wherein one second electric cylinder 26 is fixed on the inner top surface of the mounting box 11 and is located right above the baffle 24; the other second electric cylinder 26 is fixed on the surface of the rotating plate 16 and is matched with one of the sliding blocks 25;
in an alternative embodiment, a guide surface is arranged at one end of the first straightening roller 14 and the third straightening roller 40, which is close to the metal rod 3, when the first electric cylinder 12 pushes the mounting box 11 and the straightening roller to move towards one side, which is close to the metal rod 3, of the whole metal rod 3, the first straightening roller 14 positioned above can be pushed to move upwards under the guide action of the guide surface to perform abdication, after the metal rod 3 completely enters, the second electric cylinder 26 is started to push the baffle 24, the bracket 22 and the first straightening roller 14 are driven to move downwards through the baffle 24, the metal rod 3 is pressed and tightly adhered through the first straightening roller 14, and when the outer diameter size of the metal rod 3 is smaller or larger, the first straightening roller 14 can be automatically adapted to press and tightly adhere to the metal rod 3, so that the stability of the metal rod 3 is maintained;
and after the overturning of the rotary positioning assembly is completed, the sliding block 25 can be pushed by starting the other second electric cylinder 26, so that the second contact piece is contacted with the metal rod 3, the side face of the metal rod 3 is reinforced and limited, and the stability of the metal rod 3 is further ensured.
As a further embodiment of the present invention, the support assembly further comprises:
the gas transmission component is arranged on the mounting box 11;
it should be further noted that the gas transmission assembly includes a gas pump 31 and a gas transmission pipe 32, the gas pump 31 is fixed on the support table 4, and a gas transmission end of the gas pump 31 is fixedly communicated with a surface of the gas injection pipe 28 through the gas transmission pipe 32;
the air injection assembly is provided with an installation box 27 and an air injection pipe 28, the air injection pipe 28 is fixedly communicated with the installation box 27, the installation box 27 is fixed on the surface of the positioning piece, and the bottom surface is provided with an air injection hole 29;
the adjusting assembly is provided with two control valves 30, and the two control valves 30 are respectively arranged at two ends of the air injection pipe 28;
the air ejector 28 has one free end, one end is communicated with the mounting box 27, and the air delivery end of the air pump 31 is arranged between the control valves 30 at the two ends through the air delivery pipe 32;
in an alternative embodiment, in the cutting process, the air pump 31 is started, the air injection pipe 28 is kept away from the control valve 30 at one end of the installation box 27 and is in an open state, the other control valve 30 is in a closed state, the air pump 31 conveys air into the air injection pipe 28 to blow and clean the surface of the cut metal rod 3, on one hand, the situation that impurities are stuck in a thread groove and influence on subsequent cutting is avoided, on the other hand, the impurities are easily pressed between the straightening roller and the metal rod 3 in the supporting process, and the situation that the stuck impurities influence on the supporting of the straightening roller is avoided by timely blowing and cleaning the impurities is also facilitated;
when the first cutting is completed, the open-close states of the two control valves 30 are switched in the subsequent cutting process, so that the air ejector 28 is communicated with the mounting box 27, and air is directly blown to the inside of the thread groove, thereby avoiding the situation that internal impurities are difficult to be discharged due to deepening of the thread groove, and being beneficial to reducing the influence of cutting chips on the cutting blade 5.
As a further embodiment of the present invention, the support assembly further includes a scraping assembly provided inside the mounting box 27, the scraping assembly being for scraping the inside of the thread groove of the surface of the metal rod 3, the scraping assembly comprising:
a pushing assembly provided inside the installation box 27;
it should be further noted that the pushing component is a third electric cylinder 35;
the cleaning head is provided with a supporting piece and a cleaning end 34, and the cleaning end 34 is connected with the pushing component through the supporting piece;
the pushing assembly is used for pushing the cleaning head to vertically move.
In alternative embodiment, in the cutting process of many times, because the degree of depth of screw groove deepens gradually, through the mode of air current blowing, the piece of screw groove inside is difficult to be cleared away in time, this embodiment of the invention can solve above-mentioned problem, specific working method is as follows, before the cutting, can be according to the length of metal pole 3, the furthest remove distance of position sensor 15 presets, represent as reset distance parameter, along with going on of cutting, the distance that position sensor 15 detected increases gradually, when detecting reset distance parameter, confirm that first processing is accomplished, after position sensor 15 detects first processing completion, drive and remove seat 2 and drive cutting element and support component synchronous movement to the one end of bed body 1, carry out the secondary cutting, in the in-process of secondary cutting, the cutting element cuts earlier, after position sensor 15 detects the locate position, support element carries out the support again to metal pole 3, and through the vertical downshift of start pushing component promotion head, insert screw groove inside, along with the removal of support element and the rotation of metal pole 3 self, can make the distance that position sensor 15 detects gradually increase, when detecting first processing is accomplished, the back is accomplished to the first end of cutting element and support element is carried out the end and the end is moved to the one end of time 1, the clearance of removing the piece is carried out to the clearance in time, the piece is carried out to the clearance in time to the side of the screw groove is guaranteed to the side of the piece is removed, the clearance is guaranteed to the piece is carried out to the clearance in time to the side of the piece is clean up the piece, the piece is clear up in time to the inside the inner side 34, and the condition is guaranteed to be taken down in time to the clearance the screw groove was taken to the clearance to the inside the screw groove was the clearance to the inside was and the clearance.
It should be noted that the support member includes:
a fixing part 36 fixed at the bottom of the pushing assembly;
the movable part 37 is inserted into the fixed part 36 and is elastically connected with the fixed part 36, and the bottom end of the movable part 37 is fixed with the cleaning end 34;
when the movable portion 37 moves vertically, it rotates relative to the fixed portion 36.
In an alternative embodiment, the fixed portion 36 and the movable portion 37 are elastically connected through the second spring 33, and the fixed portion 36 and the movable portion 37 are in threaded connection, when the pushing component pushes the fixed portion 36 and the movable portion 37 to move downwards, the movable portion 37 is inserted into the lower thread groove, after the cleaning end 34 at the bottom of the movable portion 37 contacts with impurities in the thread groove, the movable portion 37 is blocked, at this time, the fixed portion 36 continues to move downwards, under the action of threaded connection, the movable portion 37 can drive the cleaning end 34 to rotate, drill towards the middle of the impurities, and therefore the bottom of the cleaning end 34 can be directly contacted with the bottom of the thread groove, and scraping cleaning of the inside of the thread groove is facilitated.
A control method of a numerical control machine for linear guide screw machining as shown in fig. 11 to 13, the control method comprising the steps of:
obtaining a distance parameter;
comparing the distance parameter with a preset first range parameter and a preset second range parameter respectively, generating first control information and generating second control information in a delayed mode if the distance parameter reaches the first range parameter, generating third control information and generating fourth control information in a delayed mode if the distance parameter reaches the second range parameter;
the first control information is sent to the positioning piece and used for controlling the positioning piece to extend out to limit the metal rod 3;
the second control information is sent to the rotation positioning assembly and used for controlling the rotation positioning assembly to turn over and limit;
transmitting third control information to the rotary positioning assembly for controlling the rotary positioning assembly to turn over and give way;
the fourth control information is sent to the positioning piece and used for controlling the contraction of the positioning piece to give way;
wherein, two range parameters are preset in the controller 42, the first range parameter corresponds to the range of the positioning position, the second range parameter corresponds to the range of the yielding position, along with the movement of the moving seat 2, the distance parameter detected by the position sensor 15 is continuously changed, when the moving seat moves to the positioning position, the distance parameter is within the range of the first range parameter, the controller 42 can control the positioning element to stretch out to limit the metal rod 3, then control the rotating positioning element to turn over, limit the metal rod 3, thereby completing the omnibearing limit of the metal rod 3, when the moving seat moves to the yielding position, the distance parameter is within the range of the second range parameter, the controller 42 controls the rotating positioning element to turn over to yield, and then control the shrinkage of the positioning element to yield.
It should be noted that, the control method of the gas transmission assembly includes the following steps:
acquiring a reset distance parameter;
generating fifth control information according to the reset distance parameter;
the fifth control information is sent to the gas transmission assembly, and the gas transmission assembly is controlled to increase the gas transmission amount;
wherein, the number of the air nozzles 28 is two, and the two air nozzles are respectively fixed on the two mounting boxes 11;
before cutting, the farthest moving distance of the position sensor 15 can be preset according to the length of the metal rod 3, and is expressed as a reset distance parameter, the distance detected by the position sensor 15 gradually increases along with the cutting, and when the reset distance parameter is detected, the first machining is determined to be completed;
when the first machining is completed, the positioning member moves from one end close to the thimble supporting structure to one end close to the chuck clamping structure, at this time, in the blowing process, the blowing force on the end part of the metal rod 3 is gradually reduced by the air jet pipe 28 at the back side of the moving direction of the positioning member, so that the situation that impurities are difficult to separate from the metal rod 3 after being blown to the end part occurs, and the embodiment of the invention can solve the problems.
The control method of the pushing assembly and the control valve 30 includes the following steps:
acquiring reset frequency information, wherein the reset frequency information is generated by the repeated frequency of detecting the reset distance parameter by the position sensor 15;
generating sixth control information and seventh control information according to the reset times information;
the sixth control information is sent to the pushing component and used for controlling the pushing component to push the cleaning head to move downwards;
transmitting seventh control information to the regulating assembly for controlling the regulating assembly to adjust the closed state of the control valve 30 so that the gas lance 28 communicates with the mounting box 27;
when the first machining is performed, the cutting blade 5 moves from the chuck clamping structure to one side close to the thimble supporting structure, when the reset distance parameter is detected through the position sensor 15, the first machining is completed, the reset time information is one, the cutting blade 5 moves from the thimble supporting structure to one side close to the chuck clamping structure, the second machining is performed, after the second machining is completed, the cutting blade 5 moves from the chuck clamping structure to one side close to the thimble supporting structure, the third machining is performed, therefore, when the second machining is detected, the third machining is completed, the reset time information is two, at the moment, the depth of the thread groove on the surface of the metal rod 3 is deepened, therefore, when the reset time information is greater than or equal to two, the controller 42 controls the pushing assembly to push the cleaning head to move downwards, the cleaning head is directly inserted into the thread groove, the impurities inside the thread groove are scraped and cleaned, the air injection pipe 28 and the mounting box 27 are communicated through the closed state of the control assembly, and the air injection pipe can be directly blown to the thread groove vertically, the scraped impurities can be blown away in time, and the situation of sticking the impurities on the surface of the metal rod 3 is avoided, and the situation that the impurities are prevented from being adhered to the surface of the metal rod 3 is prevented.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the movable seat 2 on the bed body 1 is driven by a linear screw driving device to linearly move along the length direction of the bed body 1, wherein the linear screw driving device comprises a first motor 8, the first motor 8 is fixed on the inner wall of the bed body 1, the tail end of an output shaft of the first motor 8 is fixedly connected with a screw 9, the other end of the screw 9 is rotationally connected with the bed body 1, and the screw 9 is in threaded connection with the movable seat 2; when the metal rod 3 is installed, the end part of the metal rod 3 is clamped by a triangular chuck 6 on the bed body 1, and the other end of the metal rod 3 is jacked and positioned by a center 7 on a tailstock of the bed body 1; the two movable seats 2 synchronously move, the surface of the metal rod 3 is cut through the cutting assembly, the thread groove is cut, the surface of the metal rod 3 is wrapped and clamped through the supporting assembly under the driving action of the movable seat 2, the supporting assembly synchronously moves along with the cutting assembly, the metal rod 3 is movably supported in the cutting process, the situation that the middle part of the metal rod 3 is bent in the cutting process is avoided, and the stability of the metal rod 3 in the cutting process is further maintained.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A digit control machine tool that linear guide lead screw processing was used, characterized in that includes:
the machine tool comprises a machine tool body (1) and a machine tool body, wherein the machine tool body comprises two parallel and synchronously moving seats (2), a controller (42), a chuck clamping structure and a thimble supporting structure, the chuck clamping structure clamps one end of a metal rod (3) to be processed, and the thimble supporting structure supports the other end of the metal rod (3);
a cutting assembly connected to the top surface of one of said mobile seats (2);
the support assembly comprises a support table (4), the support table (4) is connected to the top surface of the other movable seat (2), a group of positioning pieces are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the support table (4), and a first straightening roller (14), a second straightening roller (39) and a third straightening roller (40) are arranged in the two groups of positioning pieces and distributed on the three straightening points;
when the cutting assembly moves along with the moving seat (2), the supporting assembly synchronously moves and supports the metal rod (3) through two groups of positioning pieces, when the cutting assembly moves to the end part of the metal rod (3), the supporting assembly automatically cancels the support of the metal rod (3) and gives way, and when the cutting assembly moves away from the end part of the metal rod (3), the supporting assembly automatically re-supports the metal rod (3).
2. The numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 1, wherein: the three straightening points are distributed on the surface of the metal rod (3) in a U shape; the positioning piece comprises a mounting box (11), and the supporting assembly further comprises:
and the rotating and positioning assembly is rotatably arranged in the installation box (11), and after the rotating and positioning assembly is rotated, the rotating and positioning assembly moves to one side of the U-shaped opening of the three straightening points.
3. The numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 2, wherein: the rotational positioning assembly includes:
the rotating frame is provided with a turnover piece and a fourth straightening roller (18), the turnover piece is rotatably connected to the surface of the positioning piece, and the fourth straightening roller (18) is connected with the turnover piece;
the driving assembly is arranged on the positioning piece and used for driving the overturning piece to rotate;
the position sensor (15) is arranged on the surface of the supporting table (4) and is used for detecting a distance parameter of the supporting table (4) from one end of the metal rod (3) close to the chuck clamping structure;
the controller (42) is further configured to determine a positioning location and a yielding location based on the distance parameter;
when the positioning piece moves to the positioning position, the controller firstly controls the positioning piece to stretch out, so that the positioning piece is in contact with the metal rod (3), then controls the overturning piece to overturn, and when the positioning piece moves to the yielding position, firstly controls the overturning piece to rotate for resetting, and then controls the positioning piece to shrink for yielding.
4. A numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 3, wherein: the support assembly further comprises:
the first sliding piece is in sliding connection with the positioning piece and is in rotary connection with the first straightening roller (14);
the elastic piece is arranged between the positioning piece and the first sliding piece, so that the first sliding piece is elastically connected with the positioning piece;
the second sliding piece is in sliding connection with the overturning piece and is in rotary connection with the fourth straightening roller (18);
the electric limiting parts are provided with two limiting parts, are respectively arranged in the positioning parts and the overturning parts and are used for pushing and limiting the first straightening rollers (14) and the fourth straightening rollers (18).
5. A numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 3, wherein: the support assembly further comprises:
the gas transmission assembly is arranged on the mounting box (11);
the air injection assembly is provided with a mounting box (27) and an air injection pipe (28), the air injection pipe (28) is fixedly communicated with the mounting box (27), the mounting box (27) is fixed on the surface of the positioning piece, and the bottom surface of the mounting box is provided with an air injection hole (29);
the adjusting assembly is provided with two control valves (30), and the two control valves (30) are respectively arranged at two ends of the air injection pipe (28).
6. The numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 5, wherein: the supporting component further comprises a scraping component, the scraping component is arranged inside the mounting box (27) and used for scraping and cleaning the inside of the thread groove on the surface of the metal rod (3), and the scraping component comprises:
a pushing assembly disposed inside the mounting case (27);
a cleaning head having a support and a cleaning end (34), the cleaning end (34) being connected to the pushing assembly by the support;
the pushing assembly is used for pushing the cleaning head to vertically move.
7. The numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 6, wherein: the support includes:
a fixing part (36) fixed at the bottom of the pushing assembly;
a movable part (37) inserted into the fixed part (36) and elastically connected to the fixed part (36);
when the movable part (37) moves vertically, the movable part and the fixed part (36) rotate relatively.
8. A control method of a numerical control machine for linear guide screw machining, according to claim 6, characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:
obtaining a distance parameter;
comparing the distance parameter with a preset first range parameter and a preset second range parameter respectively, generating first control information and generating second control information in a delayed mode if the distance parameter reaches the first range parameter, generating third control information and generating fourth control information in a delayed mode if the distance parameter reaches the second range parameter;
the first control information is sent to the positioning piece and used for controlling the positioning piece to extend out to limit the metal rod (3);
the second control information is sent to the rotation positioning assembly and used for controlling the rotation positioning assembly to turn over and limit;
transmitting third control information to the rotary positioning assembly for controlling the rotary positioning assembly to turn over and give way;
and sending fourth control information to the positioning piece for controlling the contraction of the positioning piece to give way.
9. The control method of a numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 8, characterized by: the control method of the gas transmission assembly comprises the following steps:
acquiring a reset distance parameter;
generating fifth control information according to the reset distance parameter;
and sending fifth control information to the gas transmission assembly to control the gas transmission assembly to increase the gas transmission amount.
10. The control method of a numerical control machine for machining a linear guide screw according to claim 8, characterized by: the control method of the pushing assembly and the control valve (30) comprises the following steps:
acquiring reset frequency information, wherein the reset frequency information is generated by detecting the repetition frequency of the reset distance parameter by a position sensor (15);
generating sixth control information and seventh control information according to the reset times information;
the sixth control information is sent to the pushing component and used for controlling the pushing component to push the cleaning head to move downwards;
and the seventh control information is sent to the adjusting component and used for controlling the adjusting component to adjust the closing state of the control valve (30) so that the air spraying pipe (28) is communicated with the mounting box (27).
CN202311740777.7A 2023-12-18 2023-12-18 Numerical control machine tool for machining linear guide rail screw rod and control method thereof Active CN117415388B (en)

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