CN117412222A - Space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method and system based on generalized transfer function - Google Patents
Space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method and system based on generalized transfer function Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
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Abstract
The invention provides a space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method and a system based on a generalized transfer function, and relates to the technical field of acoustic radiation calibration; solving a generalized acoustic transfer function of a playback environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and correcting the transfer function by comparing an ideal playback target curve and combining the dynamic limit of an actual power amplifier; and updating equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function, and outputting corrected audio. The feedback algorithm is completed in the mobile terminal based on the feedback system of the mobile terminal, and the self-adaptive replay calibration is realized. The invention automatically adjusts the balance of the loudspeaker, compensates the defect of frequency response, reduces the resonance effect, and improves the balance and definition of sound.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic radiation calibration, in particular to a space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method and system based on a generalized transfer function.
Background
The influence of the space environment on the tone quality refers to the acoustic characteristics of a room, such as reverberation, sound absorption, reflection and the like, and can influence the transmission and perception of an audio signal, thereby affecting the hearing experience of people on sound. Different rooms and spaces have different effects on sound quality, and the following are some common spatial environments: reverberation (Reverberation), sound absorption and attenuation (Absorption and Attenuation), sound Reflection (Sound Reflection), sound focusing and scattering (Sound Focusing and Diffusion), sound envelope (envelope), bass Modes, sound field uniformity (Uniformity of Soundfield).
The speaker intelligent feedback system is an advanced technology, and aims to improve sound quality in a space environment by monitoring and analyzing audio output in real time and performing self-adaptive adjustment according to acoustic characteristics of a room. Such systems utilize sensors and signal processing algorithms to capture and correct distortions, resonances, and other problems in the audio signal in time, thereby providing a better sound experience. The following are several ways for the speaker intelligent feedback system to improve the sound quality of the space environment:
and (3) self-adaptive equalization adjustment: the intelligent feedback system of the loudspeaker can detect unbalanced frequency response and resonance phenomenon by collecting and analyzing acoustic data of a room in real time. Then, the system automatically adjusts the balance of the speaker, compensates for the frequency response defect, and reduces the resonance effect, thereby improving the balance and definition of the sound.
Distortion and distortion correction: using the intelligent feedback system, distortions and distortions, such as harmonic distortions, in the audio signal can be monitored. By analyzing these distortions, the system corrects the audio output in real time based on the acoustic properties of the room, thereby providing purer sound, preserving the accuracy of the original signal.
Reverberation compensation: reverberation is a common problem of spatial environments, possibly resulting in sound blurring. The intelligent feedback system can analyze the reverberation characteristics in the room and apply a real-time reverberation compensation algorithm to make the sound clearer and not affected by the environment.
Reflection and scattering treatment: the intelligent feedback system of the loudspeaker can detect the problems of sound reflection and scattering, and eliminates the focusing or the diffusion of sound by adjusting the phase and the positioning of the loudspeaker, thereby improving the uniformity of a sound field and the sound envelope.
And (3) real-time adaptation: the intelligent feedback system is real-time and can be continuously adjusted according to the actual listening environment so as to adapt to different rooms and scenes. This adaptation ensures that the best sound quality is obtained in different environments.
User customization: some intelligent feedback systems allow users to customize according to personal preferences, adjust audio output to meet personalized needs, and thereby provide sound quality that better meets the user's tastes.
In summary, the intelligent feedback system of the loudspeaker can remarkably improve the sound quality of the loudspeaker in different space environments through real-time monitoring, analysis and self-adaptive adjustment. This technique helps to overcome the negative effects of room acoustic properties on sound quality, providing a more excellent and consistent sound experience. However, during the playback of an actual speaker intelligent feedback system, acoustic performance defects, such as acoustic energy imbalance, particularly low frequency acoustic energy imbalance, are always caused by environmental imperfections.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method and a system based on a generalized transfer function, which are used for solving the problem that in the prior art, in the reproduction process of an actual loudspeaker system, the defect of acoustic performance is always caused by the non-ideal surrounding environment.
To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calibrating spatially adaptive acoustic radiation based on a generalized transfer function, the method including:
s1: acquiring an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic playback system;
s2: solving a generalized acoustic transfer function of a playback environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and correcting the transfer function by comparing an ideal playback target curve and combining the dynamic limit of an actual power amplifier;
s3: and updating equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function, and outputting corrected audio.
Preferably, in step S1, the method for acquiring an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic playback system is as follows:
an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic playback system is acquired using a mobile terminal or an external microphone, microphone array.
Preferably, in step S2, the generalized acoustic transfer function is expressed as:
H(f)＝Y(f)/X(f)
where H (f) is the generalized acoustic transfer function of the playback environment; y (f) and X (f) are frequency domain representations of the acoustic feedback signal and the known acoustic excitation signal, respectively.
Preferably, the sampling rate of the acoustic feedback signal and the known acoustic excitation signal is the same.
Preferably, in step S2, the method for correcting the transfer function in combination with the dynamic limit of the actual power amplifier specifically includes:
the actual modified transfer function E takes into account the limited dynamic range of the actual circuitry real (f) The method comprises the following steps:
E real (f)＝sat(|E ideal (f)|)
wherein the method comprises the steps of
E ideal (f)＝Target(f)/Trans(f)
Wherein, trans (f) is the generalized acoustic transfer function of the measured acoustic playback environment; target (f) is the ideal acoustic playback Target transfer function; e (E) ideal (f) Is an ideal modified transfer function; sat () is a limiting function such that the variable value is limited within a finite range.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system based on the generalized transfer function, which is used for realizing the space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method based on the generalized transfer function, and specifically comprises the following steps:
signal acquisition hardware for acquiring acoustic feedback signals in an acoustic playback system;
the mobile terminal device is electrically connected with the signal acquisition hardware and is used for solving a generalized acoustic transfer function of a replay environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and correcting the transfer function by comparing an ideal replay target curve and combining the dynamic limit of an actual power amplifier;
and the loudspeaker is electrically connected with the mobile terminal equipment and is used for updating equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function and outputting corrected audio.
Preferably, the system further comprises a user interface, wherein the user interface is electrically connected with the mobile terminal device, and a user interacts with the system through the user interface.
Preferably, the signal acquisition hardware comprises a mobile terminal or an external microphone and a microphone array.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electronic device, which comprises a processor, a memory and a bus system, wherein the processor and the memory are connected through the bus system, the memory is used for storing instructions, and the processor is used for executing the instructions stored by the memory so as to realize the space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method based on the generalized transfer function.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer storage medium, which stores a computer software product, wherein the computer software product comprises a plurality of instructions for enabling a computer device to execute the space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method based on the generalized transfer function.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the embodiment of the invention provides a space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method and a system based on a generalized transfer function, wherein an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic replay system is acquired by using a mobile terminal or an external microphone and a microphone array so as to carry out the next analysis and adjustment; then the mobile terminal device solves a generalized acoustic transfer function of a replay environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and corrects the transfer function by comparing an ideal replay target curve and combining the dynamic limit correction transfer function of an actual power amplifier to finish correction of the transfer function; finally, the loudspeaker automatically adjusts and replays according to the feedback of the mobile terminal equipment and outputs corrected audio. The feedback algorithm is completed in the mobile terminal based on the feedback system of the mobile terminal, and the self-adaptive replay calibration is realized. The invention automatically adjusts the balance of the loudspeaker, compensates the defect of frequency response, reduces the resonance effect, and improves the balance and definition of sound.
Drawings
For a clearer description of embodiments of the invention or of solutions in the prior art, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, which are intended to be used in the examples, for a clearer understanding of the characteristics and advantages of the invention, by way of illustration and not to be interpreted as limiting the invention in any way, and from which, without any inventive effort, a person skilled in the art can obtain other figures. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration based on a generalized transfer function provided in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of any of the acoustic playback systems of the embodiments;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system based on a generalized transfer function in accordance with an embodiment.
Reference numerals in the specification: 10. signal acquisition hardware; 20. a mobile terminal device; 30. and a speaker.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
In order to solve the problem that in the prior art, in the playback process of an actual speaker system, acoustic performance defects are always caused by non-ideal surrounding environments, as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calibrating spatially adaptive acoustic radiation based on a generalized transfer function, which specifically includes:
s1: acquiring an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic playback system;
s2: solving a generalized acoustic transfer function of a playback environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and correcting the transfer function by comparing an ideal playback target curve and combining the dynamic limit of an actual power amplifier;
s3: and updating equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function, and outputting corrected audio.
The technical proposal can be known. The invention provides a space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method based on a generalized transfer function, which comprises the steps of firstly collecting acoustic feedback signals in an acoustic replay system by using a mobile terminal or an external microphone and a microphone array so as to carry out the next analysis and adjustment; then the mobile terminal device solves a generalized acoustic transfer function of a replay environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and corrects the transfer function by comparing an ideal replay target curve and combining the dynamic limit correction transfer function of an actual power amplifier to finish correction of the transfer function; finally, the loudspeaker automatically adjusts and replays according to the feedback of the mobile terminal equipment and outputs corrected audio. The feedback algorithm is completed in the mobile terminal based on the feedback system of the mobile terminal, and the self-adaptive replay calibration is realized. The invention automatically adjusts the balance of the loudspeaker, compensates the defect of frequency response, reduces the resonance effect, and improves the balance and definition of sound.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic playback system is acquired using a mobile terminal or an external microphone or a microphone array.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the generalized acoustic transfer function of the playback environment is solved by the acoustic feedback signal and the known acoustic excitation signal, and the transfer function is modified by comparing the ideal playback target curve and combining the dynamic limit of the actual power amplifier.
Wherein the generalized acoustic transfer function is a mathematical expression describing the propagation and variation of sound in different acoustic environments. It is commonly used to analyze and predict the change in sound signals at different locations, rooms or systems. The generalized acoustic transfer function takes into account a combination of various propagation characteristics of sound, including reflection, absorption, attenuation, etc., as well as variations in time and frequency of the sound signal.
In practical applications, the generalized acoustic transfer function may be used in the following ways:
room acoustic analysis: by analyzing the transfer functions of the various surfaces in the room, the response of sound at different locations can be predicted, helping to design a suitable acoustic environment.
Audio system optimization: in audio system design, transfer functions may be used to predict sound propagation between speakers, and microphones, thereby optimizing system configuration and tuning.
And (3) simulating sound effects: by applying a generalized acoustic transfer function, different sound effects, such as reverberation, virtual surround sound, etc., can be simulated.
Acoustic improvement: in some specific circumstances, the transfer function may be altered by adjusting the position or properties of the acoustic elements to optimize the propagation and quality of sound.
In particular, in practical engineering applications, the transfer function of the system may be calculated by a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and the basic steps of calculating the transfer function by the FFT include:
1. acquiring time domain data of input and output signals:
first, time domain data of an input signal and an output signal of a system need to be obtained. This may be sampled data of the analog signal or response data of a discrete system.
2. FFT of the input and output signals:
the input signal and the output signal are converted to the frequency domain using an FFT algorithm. The FFT converts the time domain signal to a frequency domain signal, providing amplitude and phase information for the signal at different frequency components.
3. Calculating a frequency domain representation of the transfer function:
the frequency domain transfer function of the system can be obtained by dividing the FFT result of the output signal by the FFT result of the input signal.
H(f)＝Y(f)/X(f)
Where H (f) is the transfer function of the system and Y (f) and X (f) are frequency domain representations of the output signal and the input signal, respectively.
4. Optionally: converting the transfer function into a time domain representation (inverse FFT):
if a time domain representation of the system is required, the transfer function may be subjected to an inverse FFT, which converts it into an impulse response in the time domain.
Notice that:
1. the sample rates of the input and output signals need to be the same or interpolated or downsampled prior to the FFT to make them uniform.
2. The input length of the FFT should typically be an integer power of 2, and zero padding techniques or the like may be used to process signals of non-2 integer power lengths.
By this method, the transfer function of the system can be directly calculated based on the frequency domain data without complex differential equation solution in the time domain. The resulting transfer function can then be used to analyze the frequency characteristics of the system and design the controller. Note that this approach is more applicable to linear time-invariant systems, for which additional processing and analysis needs to be considered.
Further, in the present invention, the calculation formula of the generalized acoustic transfer function is expressed as:
H(f)＝Y(f)/X(f)
where H (f) is the generalized acoustic transfer function of the playback environment; y (f) and X (f) are frequency domain representations of the acoustic feedback signal and the known acoustic excitation signal, respectively.
Further, the method for correcting the transfer function by combining the dynamic limit of the actual power amplifier specifically comprises the following steps:
the actual modified transfer function E takes into account the limited dynamic range of the actual circuitry real (f) The method comprises the following steps:
E real (f)＝sat(|E ideal (f)|)
wherein the method comprises the steps of
E ideal (f)＝Target(f)/Trans(f)
Wherein, trans (f) is the generalized acoustic transfer function of the measured acoustic playback environment; target (f) is the ideal acoustic playback Target transfer function; e (E) ideal (f)Is an ideal modified transfer function; sat () is a limiting function such that the variable value is limited within a finite range.
As shown in fig. 2, a system diagram of any acoustic playback system is provided.
Defining the sound pressure at the position of the test point as p test Defining an ideal acoustic playback sound pressure as p target 。
Defining a generalized acoustic transfer function as: t (T) 0 ＝p target /p test 。
Defining an acoustic playback system electrical portion gain function as: A.
in order to obtain as ideal an acoustic playback effect as possible:
i.e. the electrical system gain function is as close as possible to the generalized acoustic transfer function.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the speaker updates equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function, and outputs corrected audio.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system, which is configured to implement the generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method according to the first embodiment, and specifically includes:
signal acquisition hardware 10 for acquiring acoustic feedback signals in an acoustic playback system;
the mobile terminal device 20 is electrically connected with the signal acquisition hardware 10, and is used for solving a generalized acoustic transfer function of a playback environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and correcting the transfer function by comparing an ideal playback target curve and combining the dynamic limit of an actual power amplifier;
and the loudspeaker 30 is electrically connected with the mobile terminal device 20, and is used for updating equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function and outputting corrected audio.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a user interface, where the user interface is electrically connected to the mobile terminal device 20, and the user interacts with the system through the user interface.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition hardware 10 includes a mobile terminal or external microphone, microphone array.
A generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system according to this embodiment is configured to implement the foregoing generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method, so that the foregoing embodiment of the generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system may be part of an embodiment of the foregoing generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method, for example, the signal acquisition hardware 10, the mobile terminal device 20, and the speaker 30 are respectively configured to implement steps S1, S2, and S3 in the foregoing generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method, and therefore, the detailed description thereof may refer to the descriptions of the respective embodiments of the respective portions, so that redundancy is avoided and redundancy is not repeated herein.
Example III
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electronic device, which comprises a processor, a memory and a bus system, wherein the processor and the memory are connected through the bus system, the memory is used for storing instructions, and the processor is used for executing the instructions stored by the memory so as to realize the space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method based on the generalized transfer function.
Example IV
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer storage medium, which stores a computer software product, wherein the computer software product comprises a plurality of instructions for enabling a computer device to execute the space self-adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method based on the generalized transfer function.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration based on a generalized transfer function, comprising:
s1: acquiring an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic playback system;
s2: solving a generalized acoustic transfer function of a playback environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and correcting the transfer function by comparing an ideal playback target curve and combining the dynamic limit of an actual power amplifier;
s3: and updating equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function, and outputting corrected audio.
2. The method for spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration based on generalized transfer functions according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the method for acquiring acoustic feedback signals in an acoustic playback system is as follows:
an acoustic feedback signal in an acoustic playback system is acquired using a mobile terminal or an external microphone, microphone array.
3. The method of spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration based on a generalized transfer function according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the generalized acoustic transfer function is expressed as:
H(f)＝Y(f)/X(f)
where H (f) is the generalized acoustic transfer function of the playback environment; y (f) and X (f) are frequency domain representations of the acoustic feedback signal and the known acoustic excitation signal, respectively.
4. A method of spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration based on a generalized transfer function according to claim 3, characterized in that the sampling rate of the acoustic feedback signal and the known acoustic excitation signal is the same.
5. The method for calibrating spatially adaptive acoustic radiation based on generalized transfer function according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the method for correcting the transfer function in combination with dynamic limitation of an actual power amplifier specifically comprises:
the actual modified transfer function E takes into account the limited dynamic range of the actual circuitry real (f) The method comprises the following steps:
E real (f)＝sat(|E ideal (f)|)
wherein the method comprises the steps of
E ideal (f)＝Target(f)/Trans(f)
Wherein, trans (f) is the generalized acoustic transfer function of the measured acoustic playback environment; target (f) is the ideal acoustic playback Target transfer function; e (E) ideal (f) Is an ideal modified transfer function; sat () is a limiting function such that the variable value is limited within a finite range.
6. A generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system for implementing the generalized transfer function-based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
signal acquisition hardware for acquiring acoustic feedback signals in an acoustic playback system;
the mobile terminal device is electrically connected with the signal acquisition hardware and is used for solving a generalized acoustic transfer function of a replay environment through an acoustic feedback signal and a known acoustic excitation signal, and correcting the transfer function by comparing an ideal replay target curve and combining the dynamic limit of an actual power amplifier;
and the loudspeaker is electrically connected with the mobile terminal equipment and is used for updating equalizer parameters according to the corrected transfer function and outputting corrected audio.
7. The generalized transfer function based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system according to claim 6, further comprising a user interface electrically coupled to the mobile end device through which a user interacts with the system.
8. The generalized transfer function based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration system according to claim 6, wherein the signal acquisition hardware comprises a mobile or external microphone, microphone array.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory and a bus system, the processor and the memory being connected by the bus system, the memory being adapted to store instructions, the processor being adapted to execute the instructions stored by the memory to implement the generalized transfer function based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. A computer storage medium storing a computer software product comprising instructions for causing a computer device to perform the generalized transfer function based spatially adaptive acoustic radiation calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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