CN117411095A - Energy storage control and parameter configuration method and system - Google Patents
Energy storage control and parameter configuration method and system Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
Abstract
An energy storage control and parameter configuration method and system, the method comprising: building a novel power system typical delivery field under a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode; establishing mathematical models of all elements in a novel power system typical delivery field and a public power grid mathematical model; based on the data model, a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling and power system power angle stabilizing function relation under the condition that a short circuit fault occurs on the sending line is established, and energy storage control and parameter configuration are carried out on the basis of the functional relation, so that the novel power angle stabilizing of the power system is improved. The invention can realize the stable control of the power angle of the novel power system in a severe fault mode and provide powerful stable support for the novel power system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power angle stable control of an electric power system, and relates to an energy storage control and parameter configuration method and system.
Background
The construction of a novel power system mainly based on new energy is a necessary path for the development of the power industry in China. The novel power system has revolutionary change on the load side of the source network, the power supply main body is converted into a power electronic element with small or even no moment of inertia by a synchronous unit with large moment of inertia, the stability characteristic of the traditional power system is broken, the stability of the system against disturbance is urgently enhanced, and more serious tests are brought to the safe and stable operation of the novel power system.
The energy storage is used as flexible adjustable resource, and has higher application value in each link of power generation, power transmission, power distribution and power utilization. The printed instruction on promoting the development of energy storage technology and industry in 10 months in 2017 further defines the strategic positioning of energy storage in modern energy systems which deeply promote energy revolution and are clean, safe and efficient in construction in China, and enables the energy storage technology and industry to become new kinetic energy for promoting the development of economic society by changing the production and utilization modes of the energy storage technology and industry. Therefore, the research work of the energy storage related technology under the background of the novel power system is not only in line with the time development trend, but also has great practical significance.
Research students at home and abroad develop a great deal of research aiming at the application of energy storage in a novel power system, and the demand of the power system on the energy storage technology is divided into power type demand and energy type demand. For power type requirements, energy storage needs to meet the transient stability and short-time power balance of a power grid, and the action time is from a few seconds to a few minutes, so that an energy storage technology with quick response is needed; for energy type demands, energy storage is used for long-time power regulation and electric energy storage, the action time can be extended from a few hours to a seasonal time scale, the energy storage is used for coping with the problems of peak-valley regulation of a system and blockage of power transmission and distribution lines, and the energy storage device is required to have certain scale and time scale storage capacity, high energy conversion efficiency and lower economic cost, so that the transfer of electric energy in the time dimension is realized. The students at home and abroad fully excavate the functions of the energy storage technology in various links of power generation, power transmission, transformation, distribution, power utilization, scheduling and the like of the power system. On the power generation side, the energy storage has the functions of assisting the dynamic operation of the power grid, replacing or delaying a newly built unit and improving the peak regulation capacity and the system flexibility of the unit; on the power transmission and distribution side, the energy storage has the functions of reactive power support, line blockage alleviation, capacity expansion and upgrading delay of power transmission and distribution, transformer substation direct current power supply provision and the like; in the field of electric auxiliary service, the energy storage has the functions of secondary frequency modulation, voltage support, standby capacity provision and the like; in the field of large-scale renewable energy grid connection, the energy storage has the functions of time shifting of renewable energy electric quantity, solidification of power generation capacity, smooth output and the like.
In summary, the prior art fully plays the supporting role of the energy storage on the power system in different time scales and different links, but does not consider the rapid bidirectional power response capability of the energy storage and the lifting role of the active power and reactive power simultaneous control capability on the stable power angle of the novel power system. Therefore, how to excavate the inherent potential of energy storage to promote the power angle stabilizing ability of the novel power system, scientific and reasonable configuration of energy storage system technical parameters is the research focus of energy storage depth participation in the construction of the novel power system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the energy storage control and parameter configuration method and system for improving the stable power angle of the novel power system, comprehensively considers element models and configurations such as an equivalent generator, an automatic voltage regulator, an energy storage device and the like, establishes a thermal power unit/energy storage coupling characteristic and system power angle stable function relation under a disturbance mode, configures the technical parameters of the energy storage system based on the element models and the configuration, fully plays the rapid bidirectional power response capability and the active power and reactive power simultaneous control capability of the energy storage system, can realize the stable control of the power angle of the novel power system under a severe fault mode, and provides powerful stable support for the novel power system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention further comprises the following preferable schemes:
an energy storage control and parameter configuration method, comprising:
building a novel power system typical delivery field under a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode;
establishing mathematical models of all elements in a novel power system typical delivery field and a public power grid mathematical model;
based on the data model, a functional relation between thermal power generating unit and energy storage coupling and power angle stabilization of the power system in the short-circuit fault state of the sending line is established, and energy storage control and parameter configuration are carried out based on the functional relation so as to promote the power angle stabilization of the novel power system.
Preferably, the typical delivery farm comprises a thermal power plant, an energy storage power station, a delivery line and an infinity system, wherein the thermal power plant is operated in coupling with the energy storage and is connected with the infinity system through the delivery line.
Preferably, the elements include equivalent generators, automatic voltage regulators, energy storage device elements;
wherein, equivalent generator mathematical model is:
in the formula (1), T j Is the inertia time constant of the equivalent generator;
delta is the phase angle of an infinite system;
D m is the damping coefficient of the equivalent generator;
P m Mechanical input power for an equivalent generator;
N gs the active power is transmitted by the equivalent generator terminal and an infinite system.
Preferably, the mathematical model of the automatic voltage regulator is:
in formula (2), ΔE ps Is the potential variation of the automatic voltage regulator;
T d 、T j 、T g time constants of the voltage detector, the differential controller and the exciter;
K p the proportional coefficient of the current differential controller;
p is the active power of the generator;
ΔV 1 the voltage value variation of the power grid;
preferably, the energy storage device element mathematical model comprises an energy storage system output power mathematical model and an energy storage power conversion system mathematical model;
the mathematical model of the output power of the energy storage system is as follows:
in the formula (3), P CS Power of the energy storage system;
E S is energy storage energy;
CP i constant parameters for the power conversion system;
VP i is a variable parameter;
t is time;
the mathematical model of the energy storage power conversion system is as follows:
P PTS ＝f PTS (CPP i ,RP i ,PWSRP i ,VP i )＝CPP i +RP i ·PWSRP i +VP i ·e sint (4)
in the formula (4), P PTS For energy storage power conversion system output power, f PTS Outputting a power function for the energy storage power conversion system;
CPP i is a power variation system parameter;
RP i to control the adjustment parameters;
PWSRP i is an infinite system mechanism parameter;
VP i is a variable parameter.
Preferably, the public power grid mathematical model is:
wherein N is gs The active power between the thermal power generating unit and an infinite system;
Q gs Reactive power between a thermal power generating unit and an infinite system;
E q is the voltage after the reactance of the equivalent generator;
V s is the energy storage node voltage;
V s is the energy storage node voltage;
δ ∞ is an infinite system phase angle;
δ s the phase angle of the voltage is the voltage phase angle of the energy storage node;
x 1 is the sum of the reactance of the equivalent generator, the reactance of the transformer and the reactance of the line in the power system.
Preferably, the thermal power unit and energy storage coupling and power system power angle stable function relationship under the condition that the sending line has short circuit fault is:
the constraint of formula (11) is:
wherein P is S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system;
P acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut cutting off a power angle of the power system at the fault moment for the relay protection device;
δ c the power angle of the power system is the moment of fault occurrence;
δ cin the power angle of the power system is the power angle of the power system at the moment when the energy storage intervenes and is converted into the energy storage state;
δ 0 the power angle is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the power system;
P 0 the method is characterized in that active power transmitted by a fire storage system through a power transmission line in a normal running state of a power grid is obtained;
V g is equivalent generator terminal bus voltage;
V b is infinite system voltage;
x Σ is the sum of reactance of the power system;
P 1 the active power transmitted by the fire storage system through the transmission line after the fault;
δ 1 The power angle of the power system after the short circuit fault occurs;
x Σ1 is the sum of the reactance of the power system that does not contain a faulty line;
the time and power angle required for energy storage control and parameter configuration are determined based on formulas (7) (8) (11).
Preferably, the energy storage control specifically includes: the energy storage system is converted into an energy storage state in the transient state process and is converted into an energy release state in the steady state process, and the following two conditions are satisfied at the same time:
δ(t 1 +t 2 +t 3 )＝δ st (9)
in the formula (9) and the formula (10), t 1 The occurrence time of the short circuit fault is;
t 2 the energy storage time of the energy storage system;
t 3 releasing energy for the energy storage system;
delta represents the power angle of the power system; delta st And stabilizing the critical power angle for the power system.
Preferably, the parameters include rated power and energy capacity;
the rated power configuration mode is as follows:
wherein P is S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system;
P acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut for relayThe electric protection device cuts off the system power angle at the moment of fault;
δ c the system power angle is the moment of fault occurrence;
δ cin the system power angle is the moment when the energy storage intervenes and is converted into an energy storage state;
δ 0 the system power angle is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the system;
The energy capacity configuration mode is as follows:
E s ＝max(P s1 t in ,P s2 t out ) (12)
in the formula (12), E s The capacity energy of the energy storage system is energy storage energy;
P s1 active power in an energy storage state of the energy storage system;
t in the duration of the energy storage state for the energy storage system;
P s2 active power in an energy storage system energy release state;
t out the duration of the state of energy release for the energy storage system.
An energy storage control and parameter configuration system, comprising:
the delivery field construction module is used for constructing a novel power system typical delivery field in a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode;
the power grid model building module is used for building mathematical models of all elements in a novel power system typical delivery field and a public power grid mathematical model;
and the energy storage control and parameter configuration module is used for establishing a functional relation between the thermal power unit and the energy storage coupling in the state of short-circuit fault of the sending line and the power angle stabilization of the power system based on the data model, and carrying out energy storage control and parameter configuration based on the functional relation so as to promote the power angle stabilization of the novel power system.
Preferably, the energy storage control specifically includes: the energy storage system is converted into an energy storage state in the transient state process and is converted into an energy release state in the steady state process, and the following two conditions are satisfied at the same time:
δ(t 1 +t 2 +t 3 )＝δ st (9)
In the formula (9) and the formula (10), t 1 The occurrence time of the short circuit fault is;
t 2 the energy storage time of the energy storage system;
t 3 releasing energy for the energy storage system;
delta represents the power angle of the power system; delta st And stabilizing the critical power angle for the power system.
Preferably, the parameters include rated power and energy capacity;
the rated power configuration mode is as follows:
wherein P is S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system;
P acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut the system power angle is cut off at the fault moment for the relay protection device;
δ c the system power angle is the moment of fault occurrence;
δ cin the system power angle is the moment when the energy storage intervenes and is converted into an energy storage state;
δ 0 the system power angle is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the system;
the energy capacity configuration mode is as follows:
E s ＝max(P s1 t in ,P s2 t out ) (12)
in the formula (12), E s The capacity energy of the energy storage system is energy storage energy;
P s1 is an energy storage systemActive power in a unified energy storage state;
t in the duration of the energy storage state for the energy storage system;
P s2 active power in an energy storage system energy release state;
t out the duration of the state of energy release for the energy storage system.
A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
The processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor realizes the steps of the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that compared with the prior art:
compared with the traditional parallel resistor brake which only consumes the acceleration energy of an equivalent generator, the energy storage system can provide energy storage and energy release support for the system in different time scales, and the power angle stability level of the system is improved in two dimensions.
Meanwhile, the energy storage control method provided by the invention can realize simultaneous control of active power and reactive power of the system, effectively solves the defect that the acceleration energy of the equivalent generator consumed by the parallel resistance brake is reduced along with the reduction of the system voltage, and realizes independent decoupling control of the active power consumption and the node voltage of the equivalent generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for energy storage control and parameter configuration according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a typical power system delivery site in a thermal power unit and energy storage coupled mode of operation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power angle stabilization technique of the energy storage lift system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a typical dispatch-out-of-field example topology of a WSCC9 node for coupled operation of a thermal power generation unit and energy storage;
FIG. 5 is a graph of typical send-out field example system power angle for a WSCC9 node.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described herein are merely some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for controlling energy storage and configuring parameters, and in a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the following steps S1-S3:
s1, building a novel power system typical delivery field under a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode;
further preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the typical delivery field includes a thermal power unit, an energy storage power station, a delivery line, and an infinite system, wherein the thermal power unit is coupled to the energy storage and is connected to the infinite system through the delivery line;
S2, establishing mathematical models of all elements in a novel power system typical delivery field and a public power grid mathematical model, wherein formulas (1) - (4) respectively establish mathematical models of an equivalent generator, an automatic voltage regulator, an energy storage system output power and an energy storage power conversion system, formulas (5) - (6) establish the public power grid mathematical model containing the equivalent generator, the automatic voltage regulator, the energy storage system output power and the energy storage power conversion system, obtain a public power grid active power and reactive power balance relation, and lay a foundation for deducing mathematical relations between a fire storage combined system and system power angle stability.
Further preferably, the elements include equivalent generators, automatic voltage regulators, energy storage device elements.
1) Mathematical model of equivalent generator:
neglecting the regulation of the speed regulator, the mechanical input power P of the equivalent generator m Then it is constant. Meanwhile, the time for storing and releasing energy is smaller than that of a speed regulatorTime constraints. The equivalent generator rotor motion equation is:
in the formula (1), T j Is the inertia time constant of the equivalent generator;
delta is the phase angle of an infinite system;
D m is the damping coefficient of the equivalent generator;
P m mechanical input power for an equivalent generator;
N gs The active power is transmitted by the equivalent generator terminal and an infinite bus.
2) The mathematical model of the automatic voltage regulator is as follows:
in the formula (2), ΔE ps Is the potential variation of the automatic voltage regulator;
T d 、T j 、T g the time constants of the voltage detector, the differential controller and the exciter are respectively control parameters in the automatic voltage regulator;
K p the proportional coefficient of the current differential controller is a control parameter in the automatic voltage regulator;
p is the detected active power of the generator;
ΔV 1 the variable quantity of the voltage value of the power grid.
3) The mathematical model of the output power of the energy storage system is as follows:
wherein i has no specific meaning and represents any natural number, P CS For storing the system power, f CS As a function of stored energy;
E S is energy storage energy;
CP i for constant parameters of the power conversion system, 0.75-0.90 is usually adopted;
VP i the value of the variable parameter is determined by the state of charge of the energy storage system;
t is time.
The energy storage power conversion system is used for tracking and controlling the energy storage power according to the requirements of the power system, and the mathematical model of the energy storage power conversion system is as follows:
P PTS ＝f PTS (CPP i ,RP i ,PWSRP i ,VP i )＝CPP i +RP i ·PWSRP i +VP i ·e sint (4)
in the formula (4), P PTS For energy storage power conversion system output power, f PTS Outputting a power function for the energy storage power conversion system;
CPP i the value of the power change system parameter is determined by the initial running state of the energy storage;
RP i Parameters are regulated for the control system, namely, parameter instructions are sent to the energy storage system according to the regulation requirement of the power system;
PWSRP i the value of the system mechanism parameter is determined by the equivalent impedance of the power system;
VP i the value of the variable parameter is determined by the state of charge of the energy storage system.
The energy storage system in the scheme of the invention corresponds to BT1 in fig. 2, and the energy storage power variation system is a subset of the energy storage system.
(4) The public power grid mathematical model connects the thermal power generating unit, the energy storage and the circuit, and establishes a functional relation:
in the formula (5), N gs Is a thermal power generating unit and an infinite busActive power between systems;
E q is the voltage after the reactance of the equivalent generator;
V s is the energy storage node (node a in fig. 2) voltage;
δ ∞ is an infinite system phase angle;
δ s the phase angle of the voltage is the voltage phase angle of the energy storage node;
x 1 is the sum of the reactance of the equivalent generator, the reactance of the transformer and the reactance of the line.
In formula (6), Q gs Reactive power between a thermal power generating unit and an infinite bus system;
V s is the energy storage node voltage;
E q is the voltage after the reactance of the equivalent generator;
delta is the phase angle of an infinite system;
δ s the phase angle of the voltage is the voltage phase angle of the energy storage node;
x 1 is the sum of the reactance of the equivalent generator, the reactance of the transformer and the reactance of the line.
S3, based on the data model, establishing a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling and power system power angle stabilizing function relation under the condition that a short circuit fault occurs in the sending line, and carrying out energy storage control and parameter configuration based on the function relation so as to promote the power angle stabilizing of the novel power system.
1) It is assumed that the stored energy is connected to the thermal power generating unit side and is operating in a storage mode. The active power transmitted by the fire storage system through the transmission line in the normal running state of the power grid is as follows:
in the formula (7), P 0 The method is characterized in that active power transmitted by a fire storage system through a power transmission line in a normal running state of a power grid is obtained;
V g is equivalent generator terminal bus voltage;
V b is infinite system bus voltage;
δ 0 in the form of normal operation of the power gridThe power angle of the power system in the state;
x Σ is the sum of the reactance of the power system.
Assuming that a three-phase short circuit fault occurs in a certain line between a fire storage system node (namely a thermal power unit and an energy storage connection node shown in fig. 2) and an infinite bus (infinite system), the line which does not have the short circuit fault cannot transmit active power during the period that the short circuit fault is not cut off, and all the generated power in the system is transferred to a short circuit point; after the short circuit fault is removed by the system relay protection device, the active power transmitted by the line without the short circuit fault is smaller than that in a normal running state, and the active power transmitted by the fire storage system through the power transmission line after the fault is as follows:
in the formula (8), P 1 The active power transmitted by the fire storage system through the transmission line after the fault;
V g is equivalent generator terminal bus voltage;
V b Is infinite bus voltage;
δ 1 the power angle of the power system after the short circuit fault occurs;
x Σ1 is the sum of the reactance of the power system that does not contain a faulty line.
2) The technical principle of the energy storage and power system power angle stability level improvement provided by the invention can be explained as follows.
Before the relay protection device of the power system recognizes the moment that the system has a short circuit fault, the energy storage system is converted into an energy storage state, and the energy storage system continuously operates for a period of time in the state so as to consume acceleration energy accumulated by the equivalent generator due to the short circuit fault.
Meanwhile, after the relay protection device of the power system recognizes the moment that the system has a short circuit fault, the reduction of the active power of the fire-storage combined sending-out system (namely, the novel power system in the thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode shown in fig. 2) can effectively increase the deceleration area of the power system, and is beneficial to the stability of the recovery power angle of the system.
The technical principle of stabilizing the power angle of the energy storage lifting system before and after the moment that the relay protection device of the power system recognizes the short circuit fault of the system is shown in figure 3.
In FIG. 3, the curve corresponds to formula (11), δ 0 The power angle delta of the power system in the normal running state of the power grid 1 The power angle delta of the power system at the moment of intervention and conversion of the energy storage device to the energy storage state 2 Power angle delta of power system at moment of fault removal for relay protection device action 3 To stabilize critical power angle, P 0 The active power of the prime motor of the equivalent unit under the normal running state of the power grid, P 0 And the' active power of the prime motor of the equivalent unit after the intervention of energy storage, namely the active power of the fire-storage combined delivery system. Wherein P in FIG. 3 0 P 0 ' P of formula (7), respectively 0 And P of formula (8) 1 Delta of FIG. 3 1 Namely delta as formula (8) 1 。
The technical scheme provided by the invention is further described with reference to fig. 3. Define the area of the hatched area of the real slash as S 1 The black rectangular area is S 2 The area of the hatched portion of the virtual diagonal line is S 3 The gray rectangular area is S 4 。
If the intervention of the energy storage system is not considered, the acceleration area S with stable power angle of the power system 1 add ＝S 1 +S 2 Area of deceleration S 1 decrease ＝S 3 ；
If the energy storage technical scheme provided by the invention is considered, the acceleration area S2 plus=S1 and the deceleration area S with stable power angle of the power system 2 decrease ＝S 3 +S 4 。
By comparing the accelerating area and the decelerating area of the system before and after the intervention of energy storage, the energy storage technical proposal provided by the invention can reduce the accelerating area of the equivalent generator during the system fault period (S 1 +S 2 Reduced to S 1 ) At the same time, the reduction area of the equivalent generator can be increased after the short circuit fault is removed (S 3 Increased to S 3 +S 4 ) The system power angle stability level is improved from two dimensions.
3) When the power system is accessed by transient processAfter reaching the steady state process, the energy storage device is converted from the energy storage state to the energy release state for a period of time t 0 ，t 0 Is determined by the rated capacity, the charge state and the energy storage control strategy of the energy storage device. At t 0 In the time period, the energy storage device plays the role of controlling active power and reactive power at the same time, helps the equivalent generator rotor and system voltage to quickly recover to a stable running state, and further improves the stable level of the system power angle from the third dimension.
4) The key parameter configuration method of the energy storage device designed by the invention when the power angle stability level of the system is improved is as follows:
key parameters of the energy storage system include rated power and energy capacity.
The key parameter design concept of the invention is to establish a functional relation between the accelerating/decelerating area representing the stable power angle of the power system and the parameters of each element of the power system in a nonlinear mode, and from the mathematical dimension, the energy storage is required to improve the stable power angle level of the power system while meeting the following two conditions:
δ(t 1 +t 2 +t 3 )＝δ st (9)
in the formula (9) and the formula (10), t 1 The occurrence time of the short circuit fault is;
t 2 the energy storage time refers to the energy storage time;
t 3 The energy storage reverse energy release time refers to the energy release time;
delta represents the power angle of the power system; delta st And stabilizing the critical power angle for the power system.
In the above, t 1 、t 2 、t 3 Respectively corresponding to delta in figure 3 0 To delta 1 Time length of delta 1 To delta 2 Time length of delta 2 Duration to delta 3; delta represents the power angle of the power system; delta st Corresponding to delta of figure 3 3 To stabilize critical work for electric power systemA corner;
according to the equal area rule of the power system, the energy storage device consumes the acceleration energy of the rotor of the equivalent generator to improve the stable level of the power angle of the system, and the maximum active power absorbed by the energy storage device by the equivalent generator is as follows:
in the formula (11), P S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system;
P acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut the power angle of the power system at the moment of failure removal for the relay protection device corresponds to delta of fig. 3 2 ；
δ c Taking the power angle of the power system at the moment of failure into consideration, wherein the inertia of the power system is considered, the power angle of the power system can not jump at the moment of failure, and the power angle of the power system at the moment of failure can be considered to be approximately equal to the power angle of the system in the normal operation state of the power system;
δ cin the power angle of the power system at the moment of intervention for energy storage and conversion into an energy storage state corresponds to delta of fig. 3 1 ；
δ 0 Is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the power system.
The rated power of the energy storage system can be calculated according to the formula (11), and the rated power of the energy storage system is calculated by the system power angle delta in the normal state of the system 0 System power reversal time (delta) 2 Corresponding time), failure removal time (delta) 2 -δ c Corresponding time), the active power value P is sent out by the line without faults 01 And (5) determining.
5) The energy capacity of the energy storage system is the product of energy storage power and the duration of the power, in order to ensure that the capacity of the energy storage system can furthest improve the stable level of the power angle of the system, the energy function of the capacity of the energy storage system can meet the maximum value of energy storage or energy release, namely:
E s ＝max(P s1 t in ,P s2 t out ) (12)
in the formula (12), E s The capacity energy of the energy storage system is energy storage energy;
P s1 active power in an energy storage state of the energy storage system;
t in the duration of the energy storage state of the energy storage system is t in the formula (10) 2 Corresponding to FIG. 3 delta 1 To delta 2 Is a time period of (2);
P s2 active power in an energy storage system energy release state;
t out the duration of the energy release state of the energy storage system is t in the formula (10) 3 Corresponding to FIG. 3 delta 2 To delta 3 Is a time period of (2).
As can be seen from equation (12), the energy capacity of the energy storage system is directly determined by the energy storage system energy storage and release active power and duration, and indirectly determined by the short-circuit fault removal time.
In summary, the invention establishes mathematical models of all elements in the system, namely formulas (1) - (6), and derives the stable function relationship between the thermal power unit and the energy storage coupling and the power system in the state of short-circuit fault of the circuit, namely formula (11), wherein the boundary conditions of formula (11) are formulas (7) - (8). In S3, the time and the power angle required for the energy storage control (formulas (9), (10)) and the parameter configuration (formulas (11), (12)) are determined based on formulas (7), (8), (11), specifically:
equation (11) corresponds to FIG. 3 in combination with equations (7) - (8);
parameters such as time of equations (9), (10) are determined by equations (11) and equations (7) - (8), i.e., by FIG. 3 (t in equations (9), (10)) 1 、t 2 、t 3 Respectively corresponding to delta in figure 3 0 To delta 1 Time length of delta 1 To delta 2 Time length of delta 2 To delta 3 Time length of delta st Corresponding to delta of figure 3 3 ) Then carrying out energy storage control according to formulas (9) and (10);
through the maleEquation (11) and equations (7) - (8), i.e., the power angles and time parameters of equations (11), (12) are determined by FIG. 3 (δ in equations (11), (12)) cut Delta corresponding to figure 3 2 ，δ cin Delta corresponding to figure 3 1 ，t in 、t out Delta corresponding to figure 3 respectively 1 To delta 2 Duration t of (2) 2 ，δ 2 To delta 3 Duration t of (2) 3 ) And then parameter configuration is carried out according to formulas (11) and (12), so that stable lifting of the power angle of the novel power system is realized.
Example 1: the invention is further described below in connection with the WSCC9 node example:
s1, a typical output field calculation example of the WSCC9 node for the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage coupling operation is built, the calculation example comprises a thermal power generating unit, an energy storage power station, an output line, a transformer and a load, and the topology structure of the typical output field calculation example of the WSCC9 node for the thermal power generating unit and the energy storage coupling operation is shown in fig. 4.
The WSCC9 node typically delivers the element parameters in the field example as follows, G 1 ＝1.65+j1.00，P S1 ＝1.00+j0.01，X T1 ＝j0.063，X L1 ＝0.009+j0.075，X L2 ＝0.009+j0.075，P Load1 ＝1.00+j0.35，X T1 ＝j0.059，G 2 ＝0.84+j1.00，X L4 ＝0.032+j0.161，P Load2 ＝1.25+j0.50，X L6 ＝0.01+j0.085，X L5 ＝0.039+j0.017，P Load3 ＝0.9+j0.30，X L7 ＝0.017+j0.090，X T3 ＝j0.059，G 3 =1.37+j0.90, where G represents generator, X represents reactance, and subscript represents generator name.
S2, establishing a mathematical model of elements of the output place including an equivalent generator, an automatic voltage regulator and an energy storage device and a mathematical model of a public power grid, and solving typical output field example tide in a normal operation mode by adopting a Newton-Lapherson method.
And S3. The WSCC9 node typically sends out a field example system short-circuit fault and energy storage system control strategy setting.
Assuming that at the time 1s, the line L1 has a three-phase short-circuit ground fault, after 90ms, the line L1 trips from the near-end line protection action of the fault point, and after 100ms, the line L1 trips from the far-end line protection action of the fault point, so that the line L1 is cut off from the system.
Meanwhile, assume that the time for converting the energy storage device into the energy storage state is t 1 And satisfy 0 < t 1 Less than 1s, the time for converting the energy storage device from the energy storage state to the energy release state is t 2 And satisfy t 2 ＞15s。
And (3) simulating the short-circuit fault and the energy storage system control strategy set in the step (S3), wherein a WSCC9 node typically sends out a field example system power angle curve as shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, the solid line represents the system power curve without the energy storage control strategy of the present invention, and the dash-dot line represents the energy storage control A strategy (t 1 ＝0.9s，t 2 System power curve with =20s), dashed line represents energy storage control B strategy (t) designed with the present invention 1 ＝0.5s，t 2 =16s) system power curve.
According to the simulation result in fig. 5, after the energy storage control strategy A and the energy storage control strategy B designed by the invention are adopted, the system power angle stability level is obviously better than that of the system without adopting the energy storage control strategy, and the earlier the intervention time of the energy storage system in the transient process for converting into the energy storage state and the energy storage system in the steady state for converting into the energy release state is, the more beneficial to the improvement of the system power angle stability level is.
The invention also provides an energy storage control and parameter configuration system, which comprises:
the delivery field construction module is used for constructing a novel power system typical delivery field in a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode;
The power grid model building module is used for building mathematical models of all elements in a novel power system typical delivery field and a public power grid mathematical model;
and the energy storage control and parameter configuration module is used for establishing a functional relation between the thermal power unit and the energy storage coupling in the state of short-circuit fault of the sending line and the power angle stabilization of the power system based on the data model, and carrying out energy storage control and parameter configuration based on the functional relation so as to promote the power angle stabilization of the novel power system.
The energy storage control specifically comprises the following steps: the energy storage system is converted into an energy storage state in the transient state process and is converted into an energy release state in the steady state process, and the following two conditions are satisfied at the same time:
δ(t 1 +t 2 +t 3 )＝δ st (9)
in the formula (9) and the formula (10), t 1 The occurrence time of the short circuit fault is;
t 2 the energy storage time of the energy storage system;
t 3 releasing energy for the energy storage system;
delta represents the power angle of the power system; delta st And stabilizing the critical power angle for the power system.
12. The energy storage control and parameter configuration system of claim 10, wherein:
the parameters include rated power and energy capacity;
the rated power configuration mode is as follows:
wherein P is S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system;
P Acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut the system power angle is cut off at the fault moment for the relay protection device;
δ c the system power angle is the moment of fault occurrence;
δ cin the system power angle is the moment when the energy storage intervenes and is converted into an energy storage state;
δ 0 the system power angle is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the system;
the energy capacity configuration mode is as follows:
E s ＝max(P s1 t in ,P s2 t out ) (12)
in the formula (12), E s The capacity energy of the energy storage system is energy storage energy;
P s1 active power in an energy storage state of the energy storage system;
t in the duration of the energy storage state for the energy storage system;
P s2 active power in an energy storage system energy release state;
t out the duration of the state of energy release for the energy storage system.
A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform the steps of the method.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor realizes the steps of the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that compared with the prior art:
compared with the traditional parallel resistor brake which only consumes the acceleration energy of an equivalent generator, the energy storage system can provide energy storage and energy release support for the system in different time scales, and the power angle stability level of the system is improved in two dimensions.
Meanwhile, the energy storage control method provided by the invention can realize simultaneous control of active power and reactive power of the system, effectively solves the defect that the acceleration energy of the equivalent generator consumed by the parallel resistance brake is reduced along with the reduction of the system voltage, and realizes independent decoupling control of the active power consumption and the node voltage of the equivalent generator.
The present disclosure may be a system, method, and/or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program instructions embodied thereon for causing a processor to implement aspects of the present disclosure.
The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium would include the following: portable computer disks, hard disks, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disks (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical coding devices, punch cards or in-groove structures such as punch cards or grooves having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer-readable storage media, as used herein, are not to be construed as transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., optical pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.
The computer readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded from a computer readable storage medium to a respective computing/processing device or to an external computer or external storage device over a network, such as the internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. The network interface card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer readable program instructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium in the respective computing/processing device.
Computer program instructions for performing the operations of the present disclosure can be assembly instructions, instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, c++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, aspects of the present disclosure are implemented by personalizing electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs), with state information of computer readable program instructions, which can execute the computer readable program instructions.
Various aspects of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.
These computer readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can direct a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer readable medium having the instructions stored therein includes an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (14)
1. An energy storage control and parameter configuration method is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
building a novel power system typical delivery field under a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode;
establishing mathematical models of all elements in a novel power system typical delivery field and a public power grid mathematical model;
based on the data model, a functional relation between thermal power generating unit and energy storage coupling and power angle stabilization of the power system in the short-circuit fault state of the sending line is established, and energy storage control and parameter configuration are carried out based on the functional relation so as to promote the power angle stabilization of the novel power system.
2. The energy storage control and parameter configuration method according to claim 1, wherein:
The typical delivery field comprises a thermal power unit, an energy storage power station, a delivery line and an infinite system, wherein the thermal power unit is in coupling operation with the energy storage and is connected with the infinite system through the delivery line.
3. The energy storage control and parameter configuration method according to claim 1, wherein:
the elements comprise equivalent generators, automatic voltage regulators and energy storage device elements;
wherein, equivalent generator mathematical model is:
in the formula (1), T j Is the inertia time constant of the equivalent generator;
delta is the phase angle of an infinite system;
D m is the damping coefficient of the equivalent generator;
P m mechanical input power for an equivalent generator;
N gs for the transmission of the equivalent generator terminal and an infinite systemPower of work.
4. A method of energy storage control and parameter configuration according to claim 3, wherein:
the mathematical model of the automatic voltage regulator is as follows:
in formula (2), ΔE ps Is the potential variation of the automatic voltage regulator;
T d 、T j 、T g time constants of the voltage detector, the differential controller and the exciter;
K p the proportional coefficient of the current differential controller;
p is the active power of the generator;
ΔV 1 the variable quantity of the voltage value of the power grid.
5. A method of energy storage control and parameter configuration according to claim 3, wherein:
The energy storage device element mathematical model comprises an energy storage system output power mathematical model and an energy storage power conversion system mathematical model;
the mathematical model of the output power of the energy storage system is as follows:
in the formula (3), P CS Power of the energy storage system;
E S is energy storage energy;
CP i constant parameters for the power conversion system;
VP i is a variable parameter;
t is time;
the mathematical model of the energy storage power conversion system is as follows:
P PTS ＝f PTS (CPP i ,RP i ,PWSRP i ,VP i )＝CPP i +RP i ·PWSRP i +VP i ·e sint (4)
in the formula (4), P PTS For energy storage power conversion system output power, f PTS Outputting a power function for the energy storage power conversion system;
CPP i is a power variation system parameter;
RP i to control the adjustment parameters;
PWSRP i is an infinite system mechanism parameter;
VP i is a variable parameter.
6. The energy storage control and parameter configuration method according to claim 1, wherein:
the public power grid mathematical model is as follows:
wherein N is gs The active power between the thermal power generating unit and an infinite system;
Q gs reactive power between a thermal power generating unit and an infinite system;
E q is the voltage after the reactance of the equivalent generator;
V s is the energy storage node voltage;
V s is the energy storage node voltage;
δ ∞ is an infinite system phase angle;
δ s the phase angle of the voltage is the voltage phase angle of the energy storage node;
x 1 is the sum of the reactance of the equivalent generator, the reactance of the transformer and the reactance of the line in the power system.
7. The energy storage control and parameter configuration method according to claim 1, wherein:
The thermal power unit and energy storage coupling and power system power angle stable function relation under the condition that the sending line has short circuit fault is as follows:
the constraint of formula (11) is:
wherein P is S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system; p (P) Acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut cutting off a power angle of the power system at the fault moment for the relay protection device;
δ c the power angle of the power system is the moment of fault occurrence;
δ cin the power angle of the power system is the power angle of the power system at the moment when the energy storage intervenes and is converted into the energy storage state;
δ 0 the power angle is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the power system;
P 0 the method is characterized in that active power transmitted by a fire storage system through a power transmission line in a normal running state of a power grid is obtained;
V g is equivalent generator terminal bus voltage;
V b is infinite system voltage;
x Σ is the sum of reactance of the power system;
P 1 the active power transmitted by the fire storage system through the transmission line after the fault;
δ 1 the power angle of the power system after the short circuit fault occurs;
x Σ1 is the sum of the reactance of the power system that does not contain a faulty line;
the time and power angle required for energy storage control and parameter configuration are determined based on formulas (7) (8) (11).
8. The energy storage control and parameter configuration method according to claim 1, wherein:
The energy storage control specifically comprises the following steps: the energy storage system is converted into an energy storage state in the transient state process and is converted into an energy release state in the steady state process, and the following two conditions are satisfied at the same time:
δ(t 1 +t 2 +t 3 )＝δ st (9)
in the formula (9) and the formula (10), t 1 The occurrence time of the short circuit fault is;
t 2 the energy storage time of the energy storage system;
t 3 releasing energy for the energy storage system;
delta represents the power angle of the power system; delta st And stabilizing the critical power angle for the power system.
9. The energy storage control and parameter configuration method according to claim 1, wherein:
the parameters include rated power and energy capacity;
the rated power configuration mode is as follows:
wherein P is S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system;
P acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut the system power angle is cut off at the fault moment for the relay protection device;
δ c the system power angle is the moment of fault occurrence;
δ cin the system power angle is the moment when the energy storage intervenes and is converted into an energy storage state;
δ 0 the system power angle is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the system;
the energy capacity configuration mode is as follows:
E s ＝max(P s1 t in ,P s2 t out ) (12)
in the formula (12), E s The capacity energy of the energy storage system is energy storage energy;
P s1 active power in an energy storage state of the energy storage system;
t in The duration of the energy storage state for the energy storage system;
P s2 active power in an energy storage system energy release state;
t out the duration of the state of energy release for the energy storage system.
10. An energy storage control and parameter configuration system, characterized in that:
comprising the following steps:
the delivery field construction module is used for constructing a novel power system typical delivery field in a thermal power unit and energy storage coupling operation mode;
the power grid model building module is used for building mathematical models of all elements in a novel power system typical delivery field and a public power grid mathematical model;
and the energy storage control and parameter configuration module is used for establishing a functional relation between the thermal power unit and the energy storage coupling in the state of short-circuit fault of the sending line and the power angle stabilization of the power system based on the data model, and carrying out energy storage control and parameter configuration based on the functional relation so as to promote the power angle stabilization of the novel power system.
11. The energy storage control and parameter configuration system of claim 10, wherein:
the energy storage control specifically comprises the following steps: the energy storage system is converted into an energy storage state in the transient state process and is converted into an energy release state in the steady state process, and the following two conditions are satisfied at the same time:
δ(t 1 +t 2 +t 3 )＝δ st (9)
in the formula (9) and the formula (10), t 1 The occurrence time of the short circuit fault is;
t 2 the energy storage time of the energy storage system;
t 3 releasing energy for the energy storage system;
delta represents the power angle of the power system; delta st And stabilizing the critical power angle for the power system.
12. The energy storage control and parameter configuration system of claim 10, wherein:
the parameters include rated power and energy capacity;
the rated power configuration mode is as follows:
wherein P is S Absorbing the maximum active power of the equivalent generator for the energy storage device, namely the rated power of the energy storage system;
P acceleration of Accelerating power for an equivalent generator;
P 01 is equivalent generator mechanical power;
δ cut the system power angle is cut off at the fault moment for the relay protection device;
δ c the system power angle is the moment of fault occurrence;
δ cin the system power angle is the moment when the energy storage intervenes and is converted into an energy storage state;
δ 0 the system power angle is the system power angle in the normal operation state of the system;
the energy capacity configuration mode is as follows:
E s ＝max(P s1 t in ,P s2 t out ) (12)
in the formula (12), E s The capacity energy of the energy storage system is energy storage energy;
P s1 active power in an energy storage state of the energy storage system;
t in the duration of the energy storage state for the energy storage system;
P s2 active power in an energy storage system energy release state;
t out the duration of the state of energy release for the energy storage system.
13. A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; the method is characterized in that:
The storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor being operative according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-9.
14. Computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-9.
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