CN117404428A

CN117404428A - Primary rubber spring with small vertical rigidity and large longitudinal rigidity

Info

Publication number: CN117404428A
Application number: CN202311383647.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈俊辉; 张玉祥; 於珂睿; 曾先会; 赵斌; 蒋仲三; 唐运轮; 钟威; 林胜; 罗俊; 李俊俊; 郑鹏伟
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Times Ruiwei Damping Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Times Ruiwei Damping Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-24
Filing date: 2023-10-24
Publication date: 2024-01-16

Abstract

A rubber spring with small vertical rigidity and large longitudinal rigidity comprises a vulcanized body and an installation seat with a hollow inside, wherein the vulcanized body comprises an outer sleeve, a partition plate and a mandrel which are vulcanized into a whole by the rubber body, the installation seat comprises an installation plate and an installation ring positioned above the installation plate, the vulcanized body is pressed in the installation ring, the outer side wall of the installation seat is provided with a lifting handle, a lifting hole is formed in the lifting handle, an assembly table is arranged at one end of the mandrel away from the installation seat, and the installation plate is provided with an assembly hole. The whole rubber spring is arranged on the axle box through the assembly hole, the assembly table is connected with the bogie, and the lifting equipment passes through the lifting hole during lifting. According to the invention, the primary rubber spring is designed into a structure formed by matching the vulcanizing body and the mounting seat, the closed annular structure can provide large radial rigidity, and the hollow structure below the vulcanizing body forms small vertical rigidity, so that the requirements of ultrahigh longitudinal vertical rigidity ratio and vertical large deformation are met, and the rubber spring has large deflection capacity.

Description

Primary rubber spring with small vertical rigidity and large longitudinal rigidity

Technical Field

The invention relates to a primary rubber spring, in particular to a primary rubber spring with small vertical rigidity and large longitudinal rigidity.

Background

The rubber spring is installed between axle box and frame, and has the functions of longitudinal traction and transverse bearing, and can elastically support the car body in vertical direction, so that it can make vibration and noise reduction. In order to better meet the requirements of ensuring the dynamics and the safety of the vehicle and improving the comfort of passengers, a series of rubber springs are required to have smaller vertical rigidity and larger longitudinal rigidity, wherein the smaller vertical rigidity is beneficial to improving the comfort of the running of the vehicle, and the larger longitudinal rigidity is beneficial to the running stability and the curve passing capability of the vehicle. In the case of the built-in axle box structure, the installation space of the rubber spring is very limited, so that the rubber spring needs to be designed in a very compact structure. For the existing rubber springs, the requirements of compact structure, ultra-large vertical stiffness ratio and large vertical deformation are difficult to meet at the same time.

The invention patent application with the application number of CN202210896061.5 and the name of a rubber spring and wheel set lifting device discloses a conical spring with lifting bolts arranged inside; and application number CN202010854815.1, entitled "conical rubber spring mechanism integrating lifting function", discloses a conical spring with a hanging scaffold assembly at the end. Above-mentioned rubber spring is the toper structure, and the space that occupies is great, can't satisfy compact structure's demand.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the current primary rubber spring structure is large and cannot meet the requirement of a small installation space, the invention provides the primary rubber spring with small vertical rigidity and large longitudinal rigidity, which can meet the requirement of a built-in axle box structure on a small installation space and has an ultra-large vertical rigidity ratio and vertical large deformation.

The invention adopts the technical means for solving the problems that: a rubber spring with small vertical rigidity and large longitudinal rigidity comprises a vulcanized body and an installation seat with a hollow inside, wherein the vulcanized body comprises an outer sleeve, a partition plate and a mandrel which are vulcanized into a whole by the rubber body, the installation seat comprises an installation plate and an installation ring positioned above the installation plate, the vulcanized body is pressed in the installation ring, the outer side wall of the installation seat is provided with a lifting handle, a lifting hole is formed in the lifting handle, an assembly table is arranged at one end of the mandrel away from the installation seat, and the installation plate is provided with an assembly hole. The whole rubber spring is arranged on the axle box through the assembly hole, the assembly table is connected with the bogie, and the lifting equipment passes through the lifting hole during lifting.

Further, the upper end of the mounting ring is a cylindrical ring, and the lower end of the mounting ring is a conical ring. The vulcanizing body is surrounded by the cylindrical ring at the upper end, and the conical ring at the lower end can better provide support, so that the strength of the rubber spring is improved.

Further, a supporting table is arranged in the cylindrical ring at the upper end of the mounting ring, and the bottom end of the vulcanizing body jacket leans against the supporting table. Avoiding the jacket from moving downwards in the mounting ring.

Further, the distance between the encapsulation edge of the separator of the outermost layer of the vulcanized body and the edge of the supporting table is not less than 2mm. Avoiding the interference with the inner surface of the mounting ring when the vulcanized body deforms in the using process.

Further, the angle between the conical ring at the lower end of the mounting ring and the two beveled edges at the inner surface of the same diameter is 20-30 °. The strength can be ensured, and the product can not interfere under the condition of large deformation.

Further, the inner surface edge at the top end of the mounting ring and the outer surface edge at the top end of the outer sleeve are provided with chamfer angles. The product is convenient to be matched and pressed through the beveling fit, and the coaxiality of the product is ensured.

Further, the chamfer size is 3mm by 20 ° -4 mm ×45 °.

Further, the top of the lifting handle is connected to the top of the mounting ring, and the included angle between the top of the lifting handle and the outer side surface of the cylindrical ring at the upper end of the mounting ring is 60-90 degrees. To better relieve stress when lifting.

Further, the bottom of the lifting handle is connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, and the included angle between the bottom of the lifting handle and the surface of the mounting plate is 0-50 degrees. So that the lifting handle is uniformly stressed when lifting.

Further, the thickness of the lifting handle is 19-25mm. So as to meet the strength requirement during lifting.

Further, the whole assembly table is in a round table shape, and a screw hole for connecting with the bogie is arranged at the top end of the assembly table.

Further, the included angle between the assembly table and the two sides of the outer surface of the radius is 14-18 degrees.

Further, the diameter of the conical top end of the assembly table is 38-42mm, and the height of the table is 64-70mm.

Further, the mounting plate is provided with dismounting holes, wherein the number of the dismounting holes is four which are uniformly distributed, and the distance between the dismounting holes and the edge of the mounting plate is 15-20mm.

Further, in the initial state, the outer sleeve, the rubber body and the middle point of the baffle plate in the axial direction of the vulcanizing body are all on the same plane, so that an upper symmetrical structure and a lower symmetrical structure are formed. To better achieve a small vertical stiffness.

Further, the separator of the vulcanized body and the rubber body are provided with a gap in the radial direction. To achieve a distribution of different levels of stiffness.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the invention, the primary rubber spring is designed into a structure formed by matching the vulcanizing body and the mounting seat, the closed annular structure can provide large radial rigidity, and the hollow structure below the vulcanizing body forms small vertical rigidity, so that the requirements of ultrahigh longitudinal vertical rigidity ratio and vertical large deformation are met, and the rubber spring has large deflection capacity. Meanwhile, for axle boxes with different assembly structures, different vehicle requirements can be met only by changing the structure of the mounting plate, and the universality of the rubber spring is improved.

2. According to the invention, the lifting hole is formed in the mounting seat, so that the lifting structure of the axle box is integrated, the structure is compact, and the narrow mounting space requirement can be met.

3. According to the invention, the mounting ring is designed into a shape formed by combining the circular ring and the conical ring, the circular part is assembled with the vulcanizing body, and the conical part provides support, so that the strength and stability of the whole rubber spring are ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a one-to-one rubber spring mounting location;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a rubber spring according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rubber spring according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an axial cross-sectional schematic view of a cured body of an embodiment;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view in radial cross section of a cured body according to an embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a mounting base according to an embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mounting base according to an embodiment;

FIGS. 10 and 11 are partial enlarged schematic views of FIG. 9;

in the figure: 100. lifting device 200, bogie, 300, axle box, 400, rubber spring, 1, vulcanizer, 11, rubber, 12, mandrel, 121, assembly table, 122, mounting hole, 123, packaging table, 13, jacket, 14, baffle, 2, mounting seat, 21, mounting plate, 211, mounting hole, 212, dismounting hole, 213, stop hole, 22, mounting ring, 221, support table, 23, lifting handle, 24.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to be limiting of the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, a rubber spring having a small vertical stiffness and a large longitudinal stiffness is mounted between the axle box 300 and the bogie 200, as shown in fig. 1, the rubber spring 400 is connected to the bogie 200 at one end and the axle box 300 at the other end, and the lifting device 100 passes through the rubber spring 400 to limit the axle box 300 and the bogie 200 during lifting.

As shown in fig. 3, the rubber spring 400 integrally includes a vulcanized body 1 and a mount 2, the mount 2 is of a hollow structure in the interior, and the vulcanized body 1 is press-fitted in the hollow interior of the mount 2 to achieve a small vertical stiffness. As shown in fig. 5, the vulcanized body 1 comprises an outermost outer sleeve 13, an innermost mandrel 12 and a partition 14 between the outer sleeve 13 and the mandrel 11, and the rubber body 11 is used for vulcanizing and bonding the outer sleeve 13, the partition 14 and the mandrel 12 into a whole, wherein the number of the partition 14 can be selected according to different performance requirements. Unlike the conventional vulcanizing body structure having a tapered shape as a whole, the vulcanizing body 1 in the initial state in this embodiment has a shape with both small ends and a thick middle except for the mandrel 12, so that the small vertical rigidity can be better achieved.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the upper part of the mandrel 12 is provided with an assembling table 121, the whole assembling table 121 is in a conical structure, the outer diameter D1 of the conical top is 38-42mm, the height L of the conical outer side matching surface is 64-70mm, and the included angle A1 between two sides of the conical outer side and the diameter is 14-18 degrees, so that the assembling table 121 and the bogie 200 are better in contact fit, the fitting degree is higher, and the disassembly and pre-tightening are convenient. The mounting holes 122 are also formed in the mounting table 121, wherein the mounting holes 122 are preferably screw holes of M20-M24, so that the connection strength is ensured, and the overall strength requirement under a compact structure is met. As shown in fig. 5, a sealing table 123 with a width D3 of about 2mm is arranged at the position of the upper part of the mandrel 12, which is close to the rubber body 11, and is used as a reserved sealing structure during vulcanization, so that a sealed vulcanization space can be conveniently enclosed by the vulcanization mold during vulcanization, and the vulcanization effect is ensured.

As shown in fig. 7, the separator 14 and the rubber body 11 of the vulcanized body 1 are provided with gaps in the radial direction, and the positions, widths and the like of the gaps can be adjusted according to actual needs so as to realize the distribution of different levels of rigidity.

As shown in fig. 2 and 9, the mounting base 2 is integrally shaped like a teacup, and includes a mounting plate 21 at the bottom and a mounting ring 22 above the mounting plate 21, and as shown in fig. 8, the mounting plate 21 is provided with an assembly hole 211 and a disassembly hole 212 at a position outside the mounting ring 22, wherein the assembly hole 211 is used for mounting the rubber spring 400 to the axle box, and the disassembly hole 212 is used at the time of product inspection or replacement to facilitate the removal of the rubber spring 400 from the axle box 300. In this embodiment, the number of the assembly holes 211 and the number of the disassembly holes 212 are four, the assembly holes 211 are arranged at the edges of the four corners, the distance a between the disassembly holes 212 and the edges of the mounting plate 21 is 15-20mm, the distance b between the disassembly holes 212 and the edges of the recesses on the periphery of the assembly holes 211 is 15-20mm, and the disassembly holes 212 adopt the structure of M6 threaded holes. Moreover, for different rubber springs 400, the installation and matching requirements of different vehicles can be met by only replacing different installation plates 21, and other part structures are kept unchanged, so that the rubber spring 400 can meet the requirement of universality and reduce the production cost.

As shown in fig. 3 and 9, the through hole in the middle of the mounting plate 21 is a stop hole 213, when the bearing load is large and the rubber spring 400 is deformed greatly, the bottom of the mandrel 12 falls into the stop hole 213 to stop the mandrel 12 transversely and longitudinally, so as to avoid excessive displacement in the transverse and longitudinal directions.

As shown in fig. 9, the end of the mounting ring 22 far away from the mounting plate 21 is a circular ring, and the end close to the mounting plate 21 is a conical ring, and the vulcanizing body 1 is press-fitted in the circular ring, and the conical ring provides support upwards so as to ensure the overall strength of the whole mounting seat 2. The supporting table 221 is arranged in the circular ring of the mounting ring 22, after the vulcanizing body 1 is pressed and mounted on the mounting ring 22, the bottom of the outer sleeve 13 props against the supporting table 221, as shown in fig. 4, in the initial state after the pressing and mounting, the distance D4 between the inner side edge of the supporting table 221 and the rubber coating edge of the outermost separator 14 of the vulcanizing body 1 is more than or equal to 2mm, and interference is avoided in the use process. At the same time, the height H of the side wall between the support table 221 and the top of the mounting ring 22 is equal to or greater than the height H of the outer sleeve 13, so that the mounting ring 22 provides protection for the vulcanized body 1.

As shown in fig. 9, the included angle A2 between the two inner side walls corresponding to the same diameter of the conical ring portion of the mounting ring 22 is 20-30 °, which ensures that the mounting seat 2 has sufficient strength and that interference between the vulcanized body 1 and the mounting seat 2 is not generated under large deformation.

In order to ensure that the vulcanized body 1 can be smoothly press-fitted into the mounting seat 2, as shown in fig. 6 and 10, the outer edge of the bottom end of the outer sleeve 13 and the inner edge of the top end of the mounting ring 22 are respectively chamfered with bevels C2 and C1, and the sizes of C2 and C1 can be 3mm×20 ° -4 mm ×45 °, so that the outer sleeve 13 can be easily press-fitted into the mounting ring 22 without interference at the start of press-fitting. In addition, as shown in fig. 11, the contact position of the supporting table 221 and the inner wall of the circular ring is rounded, so that the processing is convenient, the stress is reduced, the radius of the rounded corner F1 is 1-3mm, and interference with the edge of the outer sleeve 13 when the radius is too large is avoided.

As shown in fig. 2 and 8, a lifting handle 23 is provided on the outer side surface of the mounting base 2, a slide-type lifting hole 24 is provided in the lifting handle 23, and the lifting device 100 passes through the lifting hole 24 when lifting. The upper and lower ends of the lifting handle 24 extend to the upper and lower surfaces of the mounting seat 2 respectively, and an included angle A3 between the surface of the upper end of the lifting handle 24 and the circular ring side wall of the mounting ring 22 is 60-90 degrees so as to release stress as far as possible in cooperation with the angle difference during lifting; the included angle A4 between the surface of the lower end of the lifting handle 24 and the diameter of the bottom surface of the mounting plate 21 is 0-50 degrees, so that the lifting handle 23 is uniformly stressed; the thickness d of the lifting handle 23 is 19-25mm, so that the lifting structure can meet the strength requirement.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent technical solutions shall fall within the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A rubber spring with small vertical rigidity and large longitudinal rigidity comprises a vulcanizing body (1) and an installation seat (2) with a hollow inside, wherein the vulcanizing body (1) comprises an outer sleeve (13), a partition plate (14) and a mandrel (12) which are vulcanized into a whole by a rubber body (11), the installation seat (2) comprises a mounting plate (21) and a mounting ring (22) positioned above the mounting plate (21), the vulcanizing body (1) is pressed in the mounting ring (22), the outer side wall of the installation seat (2) is provided with a lifting handle (23), a lifting hole (24) is formed in the lifting handle (23), one end, far away from the installation seat (2), of the mandrel (12) is provided with an assembly table (121), and the mounting plate (21) is provided with an assembly hole (211).

2. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as defined in claim 1 wherein: the upper end of the mounting ring (22) is a cylindrical ring, and the lower end is a conical ring.

3. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a supporting table (221) is arranged in the cylindrical ring at the upper end of the mounting ring (22), and the bottom end of the outer sleeve (13) of the vulcanizing body (1) is leaned against the supporting table (221).

4. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the distance between the encapsulation edge of the separator (14) on the outermost layer of the vulcanized body (1) and the edge of the supporting table (221) is more than or equal to 2mm.

5. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the angle between the conical ring at the lower end of the mounting ring (22) and the two bevelled edges at the inner surface of the same diameter is 20-30 deg..

6. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner surface edge at the top end of the mounting ring (22) and the outer surface edge at the top end of the outer sleeve (13) are provided with chamfer angles.

7. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as defined in claim 1 wherein: the top of the lifting handle (23) is connected to the top of the mounting ring (22), and the included angle between the top of the lifting handle (23) and the outer side surface of the cylindrical ring at the upper end of the mounting ring (22) is 60-90 degrees; the bottom of the lifting handle (23) is connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (21), and an included angle between the bottom of the lifting handle (23) and the surface of the mounting plate (21) is 0-50 degrees.

8. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as defined in claim 1 wherein: the thickness of the lifting handle (23) is 19-25mm.

9. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as defined in claim 1 wherein: the whole assembly table (121) is in a round table shape, and a screw hole for connecting with the bogie (200) is arranged at the top end of the assembly table; the included angle between the assembly table (121) and the two sides of the outer surface with the radius is 14-18 degrees.

10. A primary rubber spring having a low vertical stiffness and a high longitudinal stiffness as defined in claim 1 wherein: the mounting plate (21) is provided with dismounting holes (212), wherein the number of the dismounting holes (212) is four which are uniformly distributed.