CN117402502A - Preparation method of rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance - Google Patents
Preparation method of rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SSC1=CC=CC=C1 GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-GTFORLLLSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-GTFORLLLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance, which comprises the following specific preparation processes: fully blending rubber powder, a microwave activator, a composite additive, an accelerator, a microwave absorber and light oil to prepare a uniform rubber particle mixture S; and (3) placing the rubber particle mixture S and the matrix asphalt into a shearing instrument for full fusion to prepare the rubber asphalt. And (3) ageing the rubber asphalt, and then placing the rubber asphalt in a microwave instrument for microwave heating treatment to obtain the rubber asphalt with self-recovery performance. The regenerated rubber asphalt not only can form a stable reticular interconnection structure, improve the cracking resistance of the rubber asphalt and the stability of the mechanical property of the rubber asphalt, but also can obviously improve the adhesiveness of the rubber asphalt and the water damage resistance of the rubber asphalt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering modified asphalt, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance.
Background
Asphalt belongs to a polymer composite material, is easily influenced by external factors such as light, heat, oxygen, moisture and traffic load in the use process of a pavement, and can cause a series of changes of asphalt, such as physical and chemical reactions of volatilization, oxidization, decomposition, polymerization and the like of asphalt components, and the reactions can cause the changes of the internal structure and chemical components of the asphalt, so that the pavement performance of the asphalt is reduced, namely the asphalt is aged. When the rubber asphalt is aged, the low-temperature crack resistance and fatigue resistance of the rubber asphalt can be obviously reduced, the thermal regeneration process is relatively complex due to the high viscosity of the rubber asphalt, and the performance of the rubber asphalt is difficult to recover only through physical reactions such as heating softening and the like. Therefore, how to prepare rubber asphalt with self-recovery performance has become a key technology which needs to be solved urgently.
The rubber particles have physical and chemical effects on the asphalt, so that the high-temperature performance, the low-temperature performance and the elastic recovery performance of the asphalt are obviously affected. Because the reaction mechanism of the rubber particles and the asphalt is complex, and the physical and chemical reaction of the rubber particles and the asphalt always exists in the preparation process of the rubber asphalt. Under the high temperature condition, the rubber space reticular macromolecular structure is moderately oxidized and depolymerized to become a large amount of small reticular fragments and a small amount of chains, so that partial plasticity and viscosity are obtained, but the elasticity of partial original rubber is lost. The prior researches show that aiming at the ageing resistance problem of the rubber asphalt, students at home and abroad mainly optimize the performance of the rubber powder asphalt by adding different modifiers, so that the rubber powder asphalt has better ageing resistance and road performance. Materials such as an anti-aging agent, montmorillonite, phyllosilicate, inorganic nano particles and the like are used as a modifier to be added into the rubber asphalt, so that the thermal oxidation aging resistance and the ultraviolet oxidation resistance of the rubber asphalt can be remarkably improved. Although these modifiers can extend the service life of the rubber asphalt, the technical problem of self-recovery of the rubber asphalt performance is not fundamentally solved. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a rubber asphalt material capable of self-recovering the properties of the rubber asphalt.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the performance of the aged rubber asphalt in the use process, the invention provides a preparation method of a rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance, which can lead the rubber molecular structure and asphalt in the aged rubber asphalt to form strong connection, lead the rubber particle modified asphalt to form a three-dimensional reticular stiffening structure inside, and improve the mechanical property of the aged rubber asphalt.
The invention adopts the following technical proposal to solve the technical problems, and the preparation method of the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step S1: placing 10-25 parts by weight of rubber powder, 1-4 parts by weight of microwave activating agent, 0.2-3 parts by weight of composite auxiliary agent, 0.08-2 parts by weight of accelerator, 0.1-2 parts by weight of microwave absorbing agent and 1-3 parts by weight of light oil in a stirrer with the rotating speed of 200r/min, keeping constant temperature of 60-80 ℃ and stirring for 1h, continuously vibrating the stirred mixture in an ultrasonic cleaner at the constant temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 1h, and then placing the stirred mixture in a vacuumizing instrument and vacuumizing for 5-30 min to obtain a uniform rubber particle mixture S, wherein the microwave activating agent is formed by compounding diphenyl disulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide and bismaleimide, the composite auxiliary agent is formed by compounding maleic anhydride and potassium persulfate, the accelerator is octadecanoic acid, and the microwave absorbing agent is formed by compounding nano carbonyl iron powder and graphene;
step S2: placing 15-25 parts by weight of rubber particle mixture S and 75-85 parts by weight of matrix asphalt into a shearing instrument, and rapidly shearing for 10-30 min at 175-185 ℃ to fully fuse the rubber asphalt to obtain rubber asphalt S1;
step S3: and (3) placing the aged or fatigue-reduced rubber asphalt S1 into a microwave instrument for heating treatment to recover the performance of the rubber asphalt S1, adjusting the heating temperature T1 of the microwave instrument to be 120-150 ℃ and the heating time T1 to be 1-10 min so as to fully soften and plasticize and desulphurize rubber particles, and adjusting the heating temperature T2 of the microwave instrument to be 155-170 ℃ and the heating time T2 to be 1-10 min to finally obtain the rubber asphalt with self-recovery performance.
Further limited, the microwave frequency of the microwave instrument is 2450MHz + -50 Hz, and the microwave power is 500-2000W.
Further limited, the microwave activator mainly refers to the reaction between the microwave activator and sulfur cross-linking bonds in rubber particles when the microwave environment reaches a certain temperature condition, so that the controllability of rubber asphalt desulfurization is realized; when the microwave environment reaches a certain high temperature condition, the microwave activator can further promote vulcanization among rubber particles, so that staged controllable implementation of rubber asphalt desulfurization and vulcanization is realized, and the microwave activator is a composite component and is preferably compounded by 0.1-0.8 part by weight of diphenyl disulfide, 0.5-2 parts by weight of tetramethylthiuram disulfide and 0.2-2 parts by weight of bismaleimide. Under the action of microwaves, when the temperature reaches 120-150 ℃, diphenyl disulfide and tetramethylthiuram disulfide react with sulfur crosslinking bonds in crosslinked rubber through a free radical mechanism, and after the crosslinking bonds are broken by the action of microwaves and mechanical shearing, the crosslinking bonds are grafted onto a rubber main chain, so that the rapid desulfurization and depolymerization of the rubber asphalt are promoted, the release of light oil in rubber particles is realized, and the oil lost by aged rubber asphalt can be partially supplemented; after the process is finished, the microwave energy is increased to enable the temperature to reach 155-170 ℃, and under the high-temperature condition, the vulcanization activity of the bismaleimide can be effectively excited, so that the apparent activation energy of the vulcanization reaction is reduced, the reaction rate constant is increased, the network structure parameter of the vulcanized rubber is increased, and the mechanical property of the rubber asphalt is improved. The action mechanism is mainly that macromolecular free radicals generated by the breakage of rubber molecular chains are increased along with the extension of the reaction time of the rubber asphalt, the amount of desulfurization free radicals generated by diphenyl disulfide and tetramethylthiuram disulfide is insufficient to stop the combination of all the rubber molecular free radicals, and at the moment, bismaleimide can react with rubber without a free radical source when the vulcanization temperature is high enough, so that the coupling of the macromolecular free radicals of the rubber is promoted, and the chain extension reaction is generated. Meanwhile, the bismaleimide with the difunctional degree can not only increase the crosslinking speed in the vulcanization process and increase the crosslinking density, but also inhibit the disproportionation and chain breakage of the polymer, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the rubber asphalt.
Further limited, the composite auxiliary agent is a mixture of a polar solubilizer and an initiator, and can promote grafting reaction on the surfaces of rubber particles, improve the compatibility of the rubber particles, strengthen the polarity of the rubber particles and facilitate the improvement of the microwave treatment efficiency. Preferably, the compound fertilizer is prepared from maleic anhydride and potassium persulfate, wherein the mass fraction of the potassium persulfate is 0.01-0.5%. Firstly, maleic anhydride monomer is grafted on the surface of rubber particles by initiation, and can be polymerized with the monomer swelled in the rubber particles, so that the characteristics of the rubber particles are changed, and the compatibility of two-phase interfaces is improved. Secondly, the uniformly distributed polar maleic anhydride can improve the uniformity of microwave energy transmission under the action of microwaves, and improve the heat transfer effect in the process of preparing the rubber asphalt.
Further, the accelerator mainly promotes the combination of sulfur-sulfur bonds and carbon-sulfur bonds in the rubber asphalt, and improves the vulcanization efficiency of the rubber asphalt, and is preferably octadecanoic acid. The accelerator can also improve the acid value of the rubber asphalt and improve the adhesion capability of the asphalt.
Further limited, the microwave absorber mainly improves the efficiency of microwave heat conversion in the rubber asphalt so as to fully play the role of a microwave activator, and is preferably formed by compounding 0.1-0.5 part by weight of nano carbonyl iron powder and 0.1-0.5 part by weight of graphene. Firstly, the microwave absorber can be fully adsorbed on the surfaces of the rubber particles through the treatment of the step S1, and meanwhile, a part of the microwave absorber can permeate into the rubber particles along with the light oil so as to be fully combined with the rubber particles. When microwaves pass through the microwave absorbent, molecular vibration occurs in the microwave absorbent, and the lost microwave energy is converted into heat energy, so that the rubber particles locally generate relatively high temperature, the targeted fixed-point heating effect is realized, the microwave action efficiency is improved, the desulfurization and vulcanization effects of the microwave activator are promoted, and the performance of the rubber asphalt is improved.
Further defined, the light oil fraction generally has a density of 0.7 to 0.9g/cm 3 The viscosity is between 1 and 10cSt, has the characteristics of good fluidity and easy volatilization, and is preferably one or more of naphtha, paraffin oil or aromatic hydrocarbon oil.
Further defined, the rubber asphalt performance recovery process is achieved by subjecting aged or fatigue-reduced rubber asphalt to microwave heating treatment in a microwave apparatus. When the fatigue cracking resistance of the rubber asphalt is greatly reduced, the heating time T1 is preferably low, T2 is preferably high, the heating temperature T1 is preferably low, and T2 is preferably high; when the fatigue cracking resistance of the rubber asphalt is reduced, the heating room T1 is preferably high, the heating temperature T2 is preferably low, the heating temperature T1 is preferably high, and the heating temperature T2 is preferably low, wherein the control of the heating time T1 and the control of the heating temperature T2 are key technical points for realizing the invention and are also important parameters for optimizing the performance of the rubber asphalt. This is because the length of the heating time t1 can control the amount of the rubber breaking free radicals, thereby affecting further crosslinking between the rubber molecules; and the heating temperature T2 is an important parameter affecting the bismaleimide activity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a continuous activation regeneration preparation process, organically combines microwave desulfurization and microwave vulcanization, realizes the integrated implementation of the desulfurization and vulcanization processes of the aged rubber asphalt, can obviously reduce the frequent process flow and additive adding operation in the thermal regeneration process of the rubber asphalt, and simplifies the complicated thermal regeneration preparation process.
2. In order to realize the recovery of the performance of the aged rubber asphalt, the invention creatively provides a microwave activator based on a microwave effect to control desulfurization and vulcanization of rubber particles in the rubber asphalt to be carried out in stages, so as to realize the secondary crosslinking of the rubber particles in the rubber asphalt. Firstly, preparing a pre-coated rubber particle mixture S, namely fully penetrating light oil, a microwave activator, a microwave absorber and other additives into rubber particles for later recycling of rubber asphalt. After the performance of the rubber asphalt is reduced, carrying out microwave regeneration treatment on the rubber asphalt, under the action of microwaves, when the temperature reaches 120-150 ℃, diphenyl disulfide and tetramethylthiuram disulfide react with sulfur crosslinking bonds in crosslinked rubber through a free radical mechanism, and after the crosslinking bonds are broken through the action of microwaves, the rubber asphalt is grafted onto a rubber main chain, so that the rapid desulfurization and depolymerization of the rubber asphalt are promoted, the release of light oil in rubber particles is realized, the light oil lost by aged rubber asphalt can be supplemented, the ductility of the rubber asphalt is improved, and the viscosity of the rubber asphalt is reduced; after the process is finished, microwave energy is increased to enable the temperature to reach 155-170 ℃, and under the high-temperature condition, the vulcanization activity of the bismaleimide can be effectively excited, so that the apparent activation energy of the vulcanization reaction is reduced, the reaction rate constant is increased, the network structure parameter of the vulcanized rubber is increased, and the mechanical property of the rubber asphalt is improved. In addition, as part of vulcanized rubber belongs to nonpolar rubber, microwave desulfurization only has a better thermal effect on vulcanized polar rubber, so that the selection of rubber types in the rubber asphalt is limited, and the selection of dependence on the rubber types can be remarkably reduced by the microwave desulfurization based on the rubber asphalt. Firstly, the nano wave-absorbing material is added, and is combined with the adsorption of the rubber particles and the microwave activator, when microwaves pass through the wave-absorbing material, molecular vibration occurs in the nano wave-absorbing material, and the lost microwave energy is converted into heat energy, so that the rubber particles locally generate relatively high temperature, the targeted fixed-point heating effect is realized, the microwave action efficiency is improved, and the desulfurization and vulcanization effects of the microwave activator are promoted. In addition, the components in the asphalt are complex, contain a large amount of polar and nonpolar substances, and can obviously improve the microwave desulfurization effect of different types of rubber under the grafting effect of polar maleic anhydride through the sufficient mutual solubility of the rubber and the polar components in the asphalt, thereby improving the applicability of the process. Secondly, maleic anhydride can also obviously modify the compatibility of rubber particles and asphalt, and is beneficial to improving the high-temperature stability of the rubber asphalt. Meanwhile, the acid value of the rubber asphalt can be further improved by the selected maleic anhydride, potassium persulfate and octadecanoic acid, the adhesiveness of the rubber asphalt and alkaline aggregates is optimized, and the water damage resistance of the rubber asphalt is improved.
3. In order to improve the anti-cracking capability of the aged rubber asphalt, the invention further adopts the preparation method of the microwave vulcanized rubber asphalt, under the action of the microwave activator and the accelerator, the composite auxiliary agent can enhance the network structure connection between rubber molecules, promote the chemical combination between rubber molecules and asphalt molecules, form a firmer macromolecular network three-dimensional interpenetrating structure, improve the interface crosslinking capability of the aged rubber asphalt, and further improve the anti-cracking capability and high-temperature stability of the aged rubber asphalt.
In summary, the technology of synchronously implementing the desulfurization and the vulcanization of the aged rubber asphalt in stages is realized by organically combining the microwave desulfurization and the microwave vulcanization, so that the preparation method for efficiently stabilizing the performance recovery of the rubber asphalt is formed, the application efficiency of the aged rubber asphalt is improved, the performance of the aged rubber asphalt can be recovered by more than 80%, and the economic and social benefits are remarkable.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the specific implementation process of the invention will be clearly and completely described below.
Test the test formulation of the rubber particle mixture S using the Kramary 90# asphalt as the base asphalt is shown in Table 1. Based on previous research and experimental experience,firstly preparing a pretreated rubber particle mixture S, heating matrix asphalt to about 180 ℃, adding the pretreated rubber particle mixture S, and maintaining the temperature at about 180 ℃ for 4500 r.min -1 The rubber asphalt with self-recovery performance is prepared by shearing for 30min at high speed.
According to the test procedure of highway engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture (JTG E20-2011), a film heating oven is adopted to carry out short-term aging on the prepared rubber asphalt sample, then a pressure aging test is adopted to carry out long-term aging, and then a DSR rheometer is adopted to carry out multi-stress creep loading on the rubber asphalt sample so as to cause fatigue damage of the rubber asphalt. Placing the fatigue test piece into a microwave instrument for microwave heating treatment, firstly adjusting the heating temperature T1 of the microwave instrument to 130 ℃, the heating time T1 to 2min, then adjusting the heating temperature T2 of the microwave instrument to 165 ℃ and the heating time T2 to 4min to obtain the rubber asphalt with self-recovery performance, and performing performance test on the rubber asphalt, wherein the detection result is shown in Table 2.
Table 1 design scheme of test proportion
Table 2 test results of test pieces
As can be seen from Table 2, according to the analysis of indexes such as fatigue factor and low Wen Jindu modulus, the fatigue resistance of the self-recovery rubber asphalt prepared in example 3 of the invention can be improved by 43% and the low-temperature crack resistance can be improved by 56% compared with that of comparative example 1, and the performance change amplitude of the self-recovery rubber asphalt is less than 16% compared with that of the non-aged rubber asphalt, so that the performance recovery rate of the rubber asphalt can reach 84%. It can also be seen from table 2 that, as the bismaleimide increases gradually, the low temperature performance of the rubber asphalt increases gradually, and compared with comparative example 1, example 3 shows better low temperature cracking resistance, which indicates that the vulcanization crosslinking degree of the rubber particles is remarkable, and meanwhile, the adhesiveness of the rubber asphalt is further improved, which indicates that the invention can remarkably improve the crosslinking capability of the aged rubber asphalt by organically combining microwave desulfurization and microwave vulcanization, and is beneficial to promoting the formation of a rubber-asphalt composite interpenetrating network structure, thereby improving the mechanical property thereof.
While the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the present invention have been described in the foregoing examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing examples, but is merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step S1: placing 10-25 parts by weight of rubber powder, 1-4 parts by weight of microwave activating agent, 0.2-3 parts by weight of composite auxiliary agent, 0.08-2 parts by weight of accelerator, 0.1-2 parts by weight of microwave wave absorbing agent and 1-3 parts by weight of light oil in a stirrer, keeping constant temperature for 60-80 ℃ and stirring, then continuously oscillating the stirred mixture in an ultrasonic cleaner at constant temperature for 60-80 ℃, and then placing the mixture in a vacuumizing instrument for vacuumizing to obtain uniform rubber particle mixture S, wherein the microwave activating agent is formed by compounding diphenyl disulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide and bismaleimide, the composite auxiliary agent is formed by compounding maleic anhydride and potassium persulfate, the accelerator is octadecanoic acid, and the microwave wave absorbing agent is formed by compounding nano carbonyl iron powder and graphene;
step S2: placing 15-25 parts by weight of rubber particle mixture S and 75-85 parts by weight of matrix asphalt into a shearing instrument, and rapidly shearing for 10-30 min at 175-185 ℃ to fully fuse the rubber asphalt to obtain rubber asphalt S1;
step S3: and (3) placing the aged or fatigue-reduced rubber asphalt S1 into a microwave instrument for heating treatment to recover the performance of the rubber asphalt S1, adjusting the heating temperature T1 of the microwave instrument to 120-150 ℃ and the heating time T1 to 1-10 min so as to fully soften and plasticize rubber particles and desulphurize the rubber particles, and adjusting the heating temperature T2 of the microwave instrument to 155-170 ℃ and the heating time T2 to 1-10 min to finally obtain the rubber asphalt with self-recovery performance.
2. The method for preparing the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the microwave activator mainly refers to the reaction between the microwave activator and sulfur cross-linking bonds in rubber particles when the microwave environment reaches 120-150 ℃, so that the controllability of rubber asphalt desulfurization is realized; when the microwave environment reaches 155-170 ℃, the microwave activator can further promote vulcanization among rubber particles, so that staged controllable implementation of rubber asphalt desulfurization and vulcanization is realized, and the microwave activator is formed by compounding 0.1-0.8 part by weight of diphenyl disulfide, 0.5-2 parts by weight of tetramethylthiuram disulfide and 0.2-2 parts by weight of bismaleimide.
3. The method for preparing the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the composite additive is a mixture of a polar solubilizer and an initiator, can promote grafting reaction on the surfaces of rubber particles, improves the compatibility of the rubber particles, can enhance the polarity of the rubber particles, and is convenient for improving the microwave treatment efficiency, and the mass fraction of potassium persulfate in the composite additive is 0.01% -0.5%.
4. The method for preparing the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the accelerator mainly plays roles in accelerating the combination of sulfur-sulfur bonds and carbon-sulfur bonds in the rubber asphalt, so that the vulcanization efficiency of the rubber asphalt is improved, and meanwhile, the accelerator can also improve the acid value of the rubber asphalt and improve the adhesion capability of the asphalt.
5. The method for preparing the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the microwave absorber is mainly used for improving the efficiency of microwave heat conversion in rubber asphalt so as to fully play the role of a microwave activator, and is formed by compounding 0.1-0.5 part by weight of nano carbonyl iron powder and 0.1-0.5 part by weight of graphene.
6. The method for preparing the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the density of the light oil is generally 0.7-0.9 g/cm 3 The viscosity is between 1 and 10cSt, the light oil has the characteristics of good fluidity and easy volatilization, and the light oil is one or more of naphtha, paraffin oil or aromatic hydrocarbon oil.
7. The method for preparing the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rubber asphalt performance recovery process is realized by carrying out microwave heating treatment on aged or fatigue-reduced rubber asphalt in a microwave instrument, when the fatigue cracking resistance of the rubber asphalt is greatly reduced, the heating time T1 is preferably low, the heating temperature T2 is preferably high, the heating temperature T1 is preferably low, and the heating temperature T2 is preferably high; when the fatigue cracking resistance of the rubber asphalt is reduced, the heating room T1 is preferably high, the heating temperature T2 is preferably low, the heating temperature T1 is preferably high, and the heating temperature T2 is preferably low, wherein the control of the heating time T1 and the control of the heating temperature T2 are key technical points for realizing the recovery of the performance of the rubber asphalt and are also important parameters for optimizing the performance of the rubber asphalt.
8. The method for preparing the rubber asphalt material with self-recovery performance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the microwave frequency of the microwave instrument is 2450MHz + -50 Hz, and the microwave power is 500-2000W.
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