CN117399538B - Steel core tip rubbing forming device and forming method - Google Patents
Steel core tip rubbing forming device and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117399538B CN117399538B CN202311726466.5A CN202311726466A CN117399538B CN 117399538 B CN117399538 B CN 117399538B CN 202311726466 A CN202311726466 A CN 202311726466A CN 117399538 B CN117399538 B CN 117399538B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 29
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100478055 Dictyostelium discoideum cotC gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000587161 Gomphocarpus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/14—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution balls, rollers, cone rollers, or like bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H9/00—Feeding arrangements for rolling machines or apparatus manufacturing articles dealt with in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention provides a steel core tip rubbing forming device and a forming method, relates to the field of rubbing processing, aims at the problem that a workpiece with a complex geometric shape is inconvenient to carry out rubbing processing at present, designs a movable cutter and a fixed cutter with working faces, obtains a rubbing cavity through the combination of the fixed cutter and the movable cutter, and drives the movable cutter to move relative to the fixed cutter through reciprocating motion so as to enable blanks to be rubbed and formed in the rubbing cavity to obtain a required columnar structure with a conical tip and smooth transition, and improves processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rubbing processing, in particular to a steel core tip rubbing forming device and a forming method.
Background
The rubbing process changes its shape by rotating the workpiece and applying pressure, and is simpler and more efficient than some complex metal processing methods, such as milling, turning, etc. The process method is widely applied in production practice, particularly in the aspects of forming processing of threads, textures and the like, can finish mass production tasks in a short time, and is particularly suitable for mass production.
The application field of rubbing processing is also expanding continuously, for example, in the fields of automobile manufacturing, aerospace and the like, various geometric metal workpieces are adopted more and more, and the rubbing processing technology is required to be improved and perfected continuously to meet the demands; at present, advanced rubbing type processing equipment is also gradually introduced with automatic, digital, intelligent and other technologies, so that the processing precision and efficiency are further improved, and the higher requirements of the modern manufacturing industry are met; however, the conventional tool for rubbing processing can only meet the requirements of forming of simple structures such as threads and textures, and has obvious limitation on rubbing processing of workpieces with complex geometric structures such as cylindrical structures with conical tips and smooth transition, and the positioning processing of the workpieces is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art, and provides a steel core tip rubbing forming device and a forming method.
The first object of the invention is to provide a steel core tip forming device, which adopts the following scheme:
comprising the following steps:
the tip rubbing cutter comprises fixed cutters and movable cutters which are distributed in parallel and are arranged oppositely, a rubbing cavity for accommodating blanks is formed between the working surfaces of the fixed cutters and the working surfaces of the movable cutters, the rubbing cavity is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a shaping area and a forming area along the moving direction of the movable cutters, the cross section shape of the feeding area is consistent with the longitudinal section shape of the blanks, the shaping area is provided with a gradual change notch for cutting off the ends of the blanks, and the cross section shape of the forming area is consistent with the longitudinal section shape of a target workpiece;
the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding plate, a feeding area is arranged between the feeding plate and one end of the fixed knife, and the feeding area is communicated with the feeding area;
the driving assembly drives the movable knife to reciprocate relative to the fixed knife, and the second output end drives the feeding plate to reciprocate relative to the feeding area so as to push blanks to the feeding area.
Further, the feeding mechanism further comprises a feeding disc, an outlet of the feeding disc is connected into the feeding area through a feeding pipe, the feeding plate is located on one side of the feeding area, and one end of the feeding plate can enter the feeding area under the action of the driving assembly.
Further, the second output end of the driving assembly is connected with the feeding plate through a cam mechanism, the cam mechanism comprises an end face cam and a swinging rod, the end face cam is connected to the second output end, one end of the swinging rod is abutted against the end face cam, and the other end of the swinging rod is connected with the feeding plate.
Further, the first output end of the driving assembly drives the movable cutter through an eccentric connecting rod mechanism, the eccentric connecting rod mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a connecting rod, the driving wheel is connected to the first output end, one end of the connecting rod is eccentrically hinged to the end face of the driving wheel, and the other end of the connecting rod acts on the movable cutter.
Further, the sharp rubbing cutter is arranged on the frame, a sliding block is slidably arranged on the frame, the movable cutter is arranged on the sliding block through a movable cutter seat, the sliding block receives the driving action of the first output end to drive the movable cutter, and the fixed cutter is arranged on the frame through a fixed cutter seat; the fixed tool apron and the movable tool apron are positioned at the bottom of the rubbing cavity to form a positioning bottom surface and are abutted against one end of the plane of the workpiece, and the axis of the workpiece is kept perpendicular to the positioning bottom surface in the rubbing process.
Further, the working surface of the stationary knife contacted with the blank is sequentially a feeding surface, a shaping surface and a shaping surface, the movable knife is provided with the feeding surface, the shaping surface and the shaping surface which correspond to the stationary knife, a feeding area is formed when the feeding surface of the movable knife is opposite to the feeding surface of the stationary knife, a shaping area is formed when the shaping surface of the movable knife is opposite to the shaping surface of the stationary knife, and a shaping area is formed when the shaping surface of the movable knife is opposite to the shaping surface of the stationary knife.
Further, the upper half part of the cross section shape of the shaping area is in an hourglass shape, the lower half part of the cross section shape of the shaping area is in a rectangular shape, a bulge is arranged on the shaping surface, and the bulge on the fixed knife and the bulge on the movable knife jointly form a gradual change notch so as to cut off one end of the blank.
Further, the upper half part of the cross section of the forming area is conical, the lower half part of the cross section of the forming area is rectangular, and the cross section track of the forming surface is consistent with the generatrix track of the target workpiece.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a forming method of the steel core tip forming device as set forth in the first object, comprising:
the blank to be processed is put into a feeding area, and a feeding plate pushes the blank into a feeding area;
the blank enters a rubbing cavity in a rolling state and sequentially passes through a feeding area, a shaping area, a forming area and a discharging area in the rubbing cavity;
the movable knife moves forward relative to the fixed knife, the head of the blank in the shaping area is gradually thinned and then separated to obtain a head-removing pointed nail, and the head of the head-removing pointed nail in the shaping area is gradually rubbed to obtain a workpiece;
and discharging the workpiece from a discharging area at the tail end of the fixed cutter, and returning the movable cutter relative to the fixed cutter to reset, so that the blank feeding is repeated.
Further, during the forming process, the sharpening tool and the blank are cooled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) The rolling die cavity is formed by combining a fixed cutter with a movable cutter, and the movable cutter is driven to move relative to the fixed cutter by reciprocating motion, so that blanks are rolled and formed in the rolling die cavity to obtain a required columnar structure with a conical tip and smooth transition, and the machining efficiency is improved.
(2) The product is manufactured by adopting a carbon tool steel material, the material of the sharp rubbing cutter is an imported high-hardness high-wear-resistance cobalt-containing powder high-speed steel SP60 material, the working surface of the sharp rubbing cutter is in smooth transition, the instantaneous deformation of a workpiece is reduced, the deformation process is increased, large-stroke equipment is selected, the effective length of the forming cutter is increased, and the acquired workpiece can meet the precision requirement.
(3) The movable cutter seat and the fixed cutter seat form a positioning bottom surface of the rubbing cavity together, and the blank, the light nails, the top-end-removed nails and the bottom end of the workpiece are abutted and positioned; when the workpiece is in the abutting state, the axes of the blank, the light nails, the head removing sharp nails and the workpiece in different processing states can be kept perpendicular to the positioning bottom surface, the gesture is kept, and the rubbing quality is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the eccentric link mechanism, moving blade and stationary blade in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the eccentric link mechanism connecting the movable blade in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working surfaces of the stationary blade in examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention corresponding to the feeding zone, the shaping zone and the discharging zone.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working surfaces of the moving blades in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention corresponding to the feeding region, the shaping region and the discharging region.
Fig. 5 is a schematic end view of the combination of the movable blade and the stationary blade according to examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional shape corresponding to the feeding section in examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a blank in the loading zone according to examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional shape corresponding to the shaping region in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a blank in the shaping zone according to examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the cross-sectional shape corresponding to the molding zone in examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the degaussed nail in the forming zone of examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
The automatic cutting machine comprises a machine frame 1, a fixed cutter holder 2, a movable cutter holder 3, a feeding plate 4, a fixed cutter 5, a movable cutter 6, a sliding block 7, a feeding area 8, a blank 9, an eccentric connecting rod mechanism 10, an feeding area 11, a shaping area 12, a forming area 13, a discharging area 14, a head removing spike 15 and a workpiece 16.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a steel core tip forming apparatus is provided as shown in fig. 1-11.
In order to solve the problem that the rubbing process is inconvenient for the workpiece 16 with a complicated geometry, a steel core tip rubbing forming device is provided in this embodiment, and the following description is given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the steel core tip forming device comprises a frame 1, a tip forming cutter, a driving assembly and a feeding mechanism, wherein the tip forming cutter is arranged on the frame 1, the tip forming cutter comprises a matched fixed cutter 5 and a movable cutter 6, the fixed cutter 5 is fixed relative to the frame 1, the movable cutter 6 and the fixed cutter 5 are arranged in parallel and oppositely, a processing area is formed between the movable cutter 6 and the fixed cutter 5, and the movable cutter 6 can reciprocate relative to the length direction of the fixed cutter 5, so that a blank 9 moves in the processing area to form a tip; the driving component drives the movable knife 6 to reciprocate relative to the fixed knife 5, the feeding mechanism is positioned at the upstream of the processing area and is provided with a feeding area 8 communicated with the processing area, and blanks 9 to be processed can be pushed into the processing area.
The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding disc and a feeding plate 4, an outlet of the feeding disc is connected into a feeding area 8 through a feeding pipe, the feeding plate 4 is positioned at one side of the feeding area 8, and one end of the feeding plate can enter the feeding area 8 under the action of a driving component, so that blanks 9 in the feeding area 8 are pushed to a processing area; the feeding zone 8 can be withdrawn under the action of the drive assembly so that the next blank 9 to be processed in the feed tube is blanked into the feeding zone 8.
The feeding disc adopts a vibrating disc, the feeding pipe can adopt a hollow flexible pipe, and an outlet of the feeding disc is communicated with the feeding area 8; the blanks 9 output by the feeding disc continuously enter the feeding pipe, move to the feeding area 8 along the feeding pipe, after the blanks 9 are reserved in the feeding area 8, the blanks 9 in the feeding pipe are not blanked, the blanks 9 are sequentially accumulated in the feeding pipe and gradually put into the feeding area 8 to be conveyed to the processing area, and continuous supply of the blanks 9 is achieved.
The driving assembly comprises a power source and a transmission mechanism, wherein the power source outputs power through the transmission mechanism, in the embodiment, the power source can adopt an electric motor, and the transmission mechanism can adopt a combination of belt pulley transmission and gear transmission.
Specifically, the motor drives the large belt pulley to rotate through the small belt pulley, the large belt pulley is connected to the input end of the gear box through the first transmission shaft, the gear box outputs through the second transmission shaft, one side of the second transmission shaft is connected with the eccentric link mechanism 10, and the output end of the eccentric link mechanism 10 is used as the first output end of the driving assembly to drive the movable cutter 6 to reciprocate; the other side of the second transmission shaft is connected with an end cam, the end cam is abutted with a swing rod, the swing rod is used as a second output end of the driving assembly, and the swing rod is connected with the feeding plate 4 to drive the feeding plate 4 to reciprocate relative to the processing area.
The small belt pulley on the motor drives the large belt pulley through the transmission triangular belt, the connecting plate of the motor is connected with the frame 1, a slotted hole can be formed in the connecting plate, the motor is connected to the connecting plate through the bolt matched with the slotted hole, the distance between the small belt pulley and the large belt pulley can be changed through adjusting the position of the bolt, and therefore tightness of the transmission triangular belt is changed.
The large belt pulley is fixed at the left end of the first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is arranged on the gear box through a bearing, the gear box is internally provided with the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft, and the two shafts are respectively connected with two transmission gears through keys; the large belt pulley drives the first transmission shaft to rotate, the first transmission shaft upper gear drives the second transmission shaft upper gear to rotate, the second transmission shaft upper gear drives the second transmission shaft to rotate again, the eccentric wheel of the eccentric link mechanism 10 is arranged on the right side of the second transmission shaft, and the eccentric wheel drives the sliding block 7 to reciprocate.
The movable knife 6 and the feeding plate 4 are driven by the same second transmission shaft, so that working periods of the movable knife 6 and the feeding plate 4 are matched, the movable knife 6 is matched with the sharpening forming action of the fixed knife 5 and the work of pushing the blank 9 of the feeding plate 4, when the movable knife 6 is retracted to the initial position according to the set period, the feeding plate 4 pushes the blank 9 to a working area, and in the sharpening forming process of the movable knife 6 and the fixed knife 5, the feeding plate 4 is retracted from the feeding area 8, and the blanking position of the next blank 9 is reserved.
As shown in fig. 2, the eccentric link mechanism 10 includes a driving wheel and a link, the driving wheel is mounted on a second transmission shaft, a cylindrical shaft is fixed on the driving wheel, one end of the link is rotatably connected to the cylindrical shaft on the driving wheel through a rolling bearing, and the rotation axis of the rolling bearing is eccentrically arranged with the axis of the second transmission shaft, and the other end of the link drives the movable blade 6, so that the rotary motion of the second transmission shaft and the driving wheel is converted into the reciprocating motion of the movable blade 6, and the motion requirement of tip rubbing forming is met.
For the drive of the feeding plate 4, the left side of the second transmission shaft is provided with an end cam, and the end cam is connected with the left side of the second transmission shaft through a key and then rotates along with the second transmission shaft, and when the end cam rotates, the end cam pushes the roller at the upper end of the swing rod at a high point.
The middle of the swing rod is hinged with the frame 1 by a cylindrical shaft, both ends of the swing rod are respectively provided with a fixed cylindrical shaft, the cylindrical shaft at the upper end of the swing rod is provided with a roller wheel which is in rolling contact with an end face cam, the cylindrical shaft at the lower end of the swing rod is hinged with a hinged ring of a push rod, the lower end of the swing rod is provided with a powerful reset spring at an inward position, the other end of the push rod is fixed with the lower end of the feeding plate 4 by threads, and the length of the push rod can be adjusted.
When the end cam rotates, the end cam high point pushes the idler wheel at the upper end of the swing rod, the idler wheel pushes the swing rod to move outwards by taking the middle cylindrical shaft of the swing rod as the center under the action of the cylindrical shaft, the lower end of the swing rod moves inwards by taking the middle cylindrical shaft of the swing rod as the center, the push rod is pushed to move backwards, and the push rod pushes the feeding plate 4 to move backwards.
After the end cam rotates at a high point, the swing rod moves outwards under the pushing of the powerful reset spring, the feeding plate 4 is pulled to move forwards through the push rod, flexible feeding is achieved, and the feeding plate 4 pushes the blank 9 into the tip rubbing cutter to prepare for tip rubbing forming.
Specifically, a feeding plate seat is arranged on the frame 1 to control the action path of the feeding plate 4, the feeding plate 4 moves back and forth along the feeding plate seat, when the feeding plate 4 is pushed by the spring force to move forward, the blank 9 is pushed into the sharpening cutter, the movable cutter 6 is driven by the eccentric link mechanism 10 to move forward to complete the sharpening forming task of the steel core, and the return stroke is idle stroke.
A sliding block 7 capable of sliding according to a set track is arranged on the frame 1, a movable cutter holder 3 is arranged on the sliding block 7, a movable cutter 6 of the sharpening cutter is arranged on the movable cutter holder 3 through a connecting piece, one path of output of a driving mechanism drives the movable cutter 6 through an eccentric link mechanism 10, and the output end of the eccentric link mechanism 10 can be connected with the sliding block 7, so that the sliding block 7 is driven to slide according to the set track, and the set track is identical with the action path of the sharpening cutter for processing blanks 9.
In order to control the movement track of the brake blade 6, a guide rail is provided for the slide block 7, the guide rail is fixed on the frame 1, the slide block 7 is slidingly arranged on the guide rail, and the slide block reciprocates under the guiding action of the guide rail.
A fixed cutter seat 2 is arranged on the frame 1, and a fixed cutter 5 of the sharpening cutter is arranged on the fixed cutter seat 2 through a connecting piece. The fixed tool apron 2 can adjust the position according to the requirement, and is fixed after the position is adjusted and before the tip rubbing forming work. The feeding plate 4 can reciprocate relative to the feeding area 8, when moving towards the direction close to the feeding area 8, the blank 9 is pushed into the working area of the sharpening cutter, the movable cutter 6 moves towards the direction close to the fixed cutter 5 along with the sliding block 7 under the drive of the eccentric link mechanism 10, and the sharpening forming process of the blank 9 is completed together with the fixed cutter 5.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the moving blade 6 and the fixed blade 5 rub the blank 9 together, so that the blank 9 enters a working area formed by the fixed blade 5 and the moving blade 6 in a rolling state, the working area is divided into a feeding area 11, a shaping area 12 and a shaping area 13, and the blank 9 sequentially passes through the feeding area 11, the shaping area 12, the shaping area 13 and a discharging area 14 in the rolling state. Referring to fig. 6-11, in the initial state, the blank 9 is cylindrical, in this process, the blank 9 is cylindrical, the head is gradually thinned to form a light nail, the light nail head is thinned and separated to obtain a de-pointed nail 15, the head of the de-pointed nail 15 is gradually thinned, the workpiece 16 is gradually formed, the workpiece 16 is formed, and the workpiece 16 is separated from the sharpening tool.
The working area between the movable cutter 6 and the fixed cutter 5 is used as a rubbing cavity, the parameter design is the key of the steel core tip rubbing forming, in the embodiment, the areas of the fixed cutter 5 and the movable cutter 6 corresponding to the feeding area 11, the shaping area 12 and the shaping area 13 are designed in a symmetrical direction, the discharging area 14 is positioned outside the end part of the fixed cutter 5, and as shown in fig. 3, the working surface of the fixed cutter 5 contacting the blank 9 is sequentially a feeding surface, a shaping surface and a forming surface from left to right; as shown in fig. 4, the working surface of the moving blade 6 contacting the blank 9 is a feeding surface, a shaping surface and a forming surface in this order from left to right.
In actual operation, the working surface of the stationary blade 5 contacting the blank is arranged opposite to the working surface of the movable blade 6 contacting the blank, so that in the state shown in fig. 1, the working surface of the stationary blade 5 is sequentially a feeding surface, a shaping surface and a shaping surface from right to left, and similarly, the working surface of the movable blade 6 is sequentially a feeding surface, a shaping surface and a shaping surface from left to right.
In this embodiment, the surface of the working surface is roughened by an electric spark machine, thereby increasing the friction force.
With the movement of the movable knife 6 relative to the fixed knife 5, a feeding area 11 is formed between the feeding surface of the movable knife 6 and the feeding surface of the fixed knife 5 when the feeding surface of the movable knife 6 is opposite, a shaping area 12 is formed between the shaping surface of the movable knife 6 and the shaping surface of the fixed knife 5 when the shaping surface of the movable knife 6 is opposite, and a shaping area 13 is formed between the shaping surface of the movable knife 6 and the shaping surface of the fixed knife 5 when the shaping surface of the movable knife is opposite; after the blank 9 passes through the forming area 13, a workpiece 16 is obtained, the movable cutter 6 continues to move, the workpiece 16 is separated from the space between the movable cutter 6 and the fixed cutter 5, and the position of the discharging area 14 is separated from the tip rubbing cutter, so that blanking is completed.
The surface of the fixed cutter seat 2, which is in contact with the bottom surface of the fixed cutter 5, is a first positioning surface, and after the fixed cutter 5 is installed, the position of the fixed cutter 5, which is not covered by the first positioning surface, is used as the first bottom surface of the rubbing cavity; the surface of the movable tool apron 3, which is contacted with the bottom surface of the movable tool 6, is a second positioning surface, after the movable tool 6 is installed, the position of the movable tool 6, which is not covered by the second positioning surface, is used as the second bottom surface of the rubbing cavity, and the first bottom surface and the second bottom surface are jointly spliced to form the positioning bottom surface of the rubbing cavity, so that the blank 9, the light nails, the head removing sharp nails 15 and the bottom end of the workpiece 16 are abutted and positioned.
When in the abutting state, the axes of the blank 9, the light nails, the head removing nails 15 and the workpiece 16 in different processing states can be kept perpendicular to the positioning bottom surface, and the posture is kept.
The auxiliary positioning of the toothed plate and the head end is different from the screw thread twisting process, and the offset in the thread twisting process can be prevented. Since the workpiece 16 processed in this embodiment is likely to deviate from the rubbing cavity and fail in rubbing when the posture control is not performed during processing, the tip of the de-heading nail 15 is disposed obliquely upward in this embodiment to have a processing posture, and the other end is a planar end, so that the positioning can be realized by abutting against the positioning bottom surface, and deviation thereof is avoided.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, after the movable knife 6 and the fixed knife 5 are aligned, the cross section shape corresponding to the feeding area 11 is designed as the longitudinal cross section shape of the blank 9, and the cross section is rectangular, so that the blank 9 can smoothly enter the sharpening cutter. Correspondingly, the length of the feeding surface of the fixed knife 5 along the direction of the sharpening forming motion is about 2mm, and the length of the feeding surface of the movable knife 6 along the direction of the sharpening forming motion is about 25mm.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, after the movable knife 6 and the fixed knife 5 are aligned, the corresponding cross section shape of the shaping area 12 is designed as the longitudinal cross section shape of the blank 9, the upper half part of the cross section is in an hourglass shape, and the lower half part of the cross section is in a rectangular shape; corresponding to the shaping surface, a gradual change notch of about 45 degrees is arranged on the shaping surface, and gradually bulges along the advancing direction of tip rubbing shaping, so that the notch acting on the blank 9 gradually becomes smaller from large to zero, and the blank 9 is cut off from the position contacting the notch.
Correspondingly, a bulge forming notch is arranged on the shaping surface of the fixed cutter 5, and the length of the shaping surface along the tip rubbing shaping movement direction is about 30mm; the shaping surface of the movable knife 6 is provided with a bulge forming notch, and the length of the shaping surface along the direction of the tip rubbing shaping movement is about 30mm.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, after the movable blade 6 and the fixed blade 5 are aligned, the corresponding cross-sectional shape of the forming area 13 is designed as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the de-pointed nail 15, the upper half part of the cross-section is conical, and the lower half part of the cross-section is rectangular; the upper part of the molding surface is convex, the lower part of the molding surface is curved, and the track of the cross section of the molding surface is consistent with the track of the generatrix of the required workpiece 16.
It should be noted that, when the removing spike 15 is processed in the forming area 13, the removing spike 15 is structurally adjusted along with the movement in the forming area 13, so as to implement upsetting and tip rounding.
Correspondingly, the length of the molding surfaces of the fixed blade 5 and the movable blade 6 along the tip rubbing molding movement direction is about 400mm.
For the discharging area 14, referring to the posture shown in fig. 1, when the right end of the movable knife 6 is opposite to the left end of the fixed knife 5, the de-pointed nail 15 is formed into the shape of the workpiece 16 by the sharpening, and the workpiece 16 cannot be clamped by the sharpening knife when the workpiece 16 is in a state of non-simultaneous contact of the movable knife 6 and the fixed knife 5 by the relative movement of the movable knife 6 and the fixed knife 5, so that discharging is realized, and the position of the movable knife 6 and the fixed knife 5, at which the workpiece 16 can be separated from the sharpening knife, is the discharging area 14.
The movable blade 6 and the fixed blade 5 form a working surface of a rubbing cavity, electric spark equipment is required for surface electric machining to obtain a relatively rough surface, the surface is used for increasing friction force during rubbing tip forming of the workpiece 16, and during rubbing tip forming, the rubbing tip cutter and the blank 9 need to be cooled, and kerosene can be used as a cooling medium.
The product is manufactured by adopting a carbon tool steel material, the material of the sharp-point rubbing cutter is an imported high-hardness high-wear-resistance cobalt-containing powder high-speed steel SP60 material, the working surface of the sharp-point rubbing cutter is in smooth transition, the instantaneous deformation of the workpiece 16 is reduced, the deformation process is increased, large-stroke equipment is selected, the effective length of the forming cutter is increased, and the acquired workpiece 16 can meet the precision requirement.
It should be noted that the purpose of reducing the amount of instantaneous deformation when machining is mainly to improve the machining accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece 16.
The instantaneous deformation amount refers to deformation of the workpiece 16 during processing due to influence of cutting force, cutting heat, and the like. Such deformation can cause variations in the position, shape, and size of the workpiece 16, thereby affecting machining accuracy and surface quality. In this embodiment, reducing the instantaneous deformation amount can reduce the deformation degree of the workpiece 16, make the workpiece 16 more approximate to the ideal shape and size, and improve the machining precision and surface quality of the workpiece 16. In addition, the reduction of the instantaneous deformation amount can also reduce the stress concentration degree of the workpiece 16, reduce the residual stress of the workpiece 16 after processing, and improve the mechanical property and durability of the workpiece 16.
Example 2
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-11, a method of forming a steel core tip forming apparatus is provided.
The steel core tip forming device as in example 1 was used, comprising the steps of:
the blank 9 to be processed is put into a feeding area 8, and a feeding plate 4 pushes the blank 9 into a feeding area 11;
the blank 9 enters a rubbing cavity in a rolling state and sequentially passes through a feeding area 11, a shaping area 12, a shaping area 13 and a discharging area 14 in the rubbing cavity;
the movable knife 6 advances relative to the fixed knife 5, the head of the blank 9 in the shaping area 12 is gradually thinned and then separated to obtain a head-removed spike 15, and the head of the head-removed spike 15 in the shaping area 13 is gradually rubbed to obtain a workpiece 16;
the workpiece 16 is discharged from the discharging area 14 at the tail end of the fixed cutter 5, the movable cutter 6 is retracted relative to the fixed cutter 5, and the throwing of the blank 9 is repeated.
During the forming process, the sharpening tool and the blank 9 are cooled, and kerosene may be used as a cooling medium.
When the rubbing processing is performed, the surface of the fixed cutter seat 2, which is contacted with the bottom surface of the fixed cutter 5, is a first positioning surface, and after the fixed cutter 5 is installed, the position of the fixed cutter 5, which does not cover the first positioning surface, is used as the first bottom surface of the rubbing cavity; the surface of the movable tool apron 3, which is contacted with the bottom surface of the movable tool 6, is a second positioning surface, after the movable tool 6 is installed, the position of the movable tool 6, which is not covered by the second positioning surface, is used as the second bottom surface of the rubbing cavity, and the first bottom surface and the second bottom surface are jointly spliced to form the positioning bottom surface of the rubbing cavity, so that the blank 9, the light nails, the head removing sharp nails 15 and the bottom end of the workpiece 16 are abutted and positioned.
When in the abutting state, the axes of the blank 9, the light nails, the head removing nails 15 and the workpiece 16 in different processing states can be kept perpendicular to the positioning bottom surface, and the posture is kept.
The auxiliary positioning of the toothed plate and the head end is different from the screw thread twisting process, and the offset in the thread twisting process can be prevented. Since the workpiece 16 processed in this embodiment is likely to deviate from the rubbing cavity and fail in rubbing when the posture control is not performed during processing, the tip of the de-heading nail 15 is disposed obliquely upward in this embodiment to have a processing posture, and the other end is a planar end, so that the positioning can be realized by abutting against the positioning bottom surface, and deviation thereof is avoided.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A steel core tip forming device, comprising:
the tip rubbing cutter comprises fixed cutters and movable cutters which are distributed in parallel and are arranged oppositely, a rubbing cavity for accommodating blanks is formed between the working surfaces of the fixed cutters and the working surfaces of the movable cutters, the rubbing cavity is sequentially divided into a feeding area, a shaping area and a forming area along the moving direction of the movable cutters, the cross section shape of the feeding area is consistent with the longitudinal section shape of the blanks, the shaping area is provided with a gradual change notch for cutting off the ends of the blanks, and the cross section shape of the forming area is consistent with the longitudinal section shape of a target workpiece;
the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding plate, a feeding area is arranged between the feeding plate and one end of the fixed knife, and the feeding area is communicated with the feeding area;
the driving assembly drives the movable knife to reciprocate relative to the fixed knife, and the second output end drives the feeding plate to reciprocate relative to the feeding area so as to push blanks to the feeding area;
the sharp rubbing cutter is arranged on the frame, a sliding block is slidably arranged on the frame, the movable cutter is arranged on the sliding block through a movable cutter holder, the sliding block receives the driving action of the first output end to drive the movable cutter, and the fixed cutter is arranged on the frame through a fixed cutter holder; the surface of the fixed cutter seat, which is contacted with the bottom surface of the fixed cutter, is a first positioning surface, and after the fixed cutter is installed, the position of the fixed cutter, which is not covered by the first positioning surface, is used as the first bottom surface of the rubbing cavity; the surface of the movable cutter seat, which is in contact with the bottom surface of the movable cutter, is a second positioning surface, after the movable cutter is installed, the position of the movable cutter, which does not cover the second positioning surface, is used as the second bottom surface of the rubbing cavity, the first bottom surface and the second bottom surface are spliced together to form the positioning bottom surface of the rubbing cavity, the bottom ends of the blank, the light nails, the top-end-removing nails and the workpiece are abutted and positioned, and the axis of the workpiece is kept vertical to the positioning bottom surface in the rubbing process;
the working surface of the stationary knife contacted with the blank is sequentially provided with a feeding surface, a shaping surface and a shaping surface, the movable knife is provided with the feeding surface, the shaping surface and the shaping surface which correspond to the stationary knife, a feeding area is formed when the feeding surface of the movable knife is opposite to the feeding surface of the stationary knife, a shaping area is formed when the shaping surface of the movable knife is opposite to the shaping surface of the stationary knife, and a shaping area is formed when the shaping surface of the movable knife is opposite to the shaping surface of the stationary knife;
the upper half part of the cross section of the shaping area is in an hourglass shape, the lower half part of the cross section of the shaping area is in a rectangular shape, a bulge is arranged on the shaping surface, and the bulge on the fixed knife and the bulge on the movable knife jointly form a gradual change notch so as to cut off one end of the blank;
the upper half part of the cross section of the forming area is conical, the lower half part of the cross section of the forming area is rectangular, and the track of the cross section of the forming surface is consistent with the track of the generatrix of the target workpiece.
2. The steel core tip forming device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding mechanism further comprises a feeding disc, an outlet of the feeding disc is connected to the feeding area through a feeding pipe, the feeding plate is located on one side of the feeding area, and one end of the feeding plate can enter the feeding area under the action of the driving assembly.
3. The steel core sharpening forming device of claim 2, wherein the second output end of the driving assembly is connected with the feeding plate through a cam mechanism, the cam mechanism comprises an end cam and a swing rod, the end cam is connected with the second output end, one end of the swing rod is abutted against the end cam, and the other end of the swing rod is connected with the feeding plate.
4. The steel core sharpening forming device of claim 1, wherein the first output end of the driving assembly drives the moving blade through an eccentric link mechanism, the eccentric link mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a connecting rod, the driving wheel is connected to the first output end, one end of the connecting rod is eccentrically hinged to the end face of the driving wheel, and the other end of the connecting rod acts on the moving blade.
5. A method of forming a steel core tip forming apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
the blank to be processed is put into a feeding area, and a feeding plate pushes the blank into a feeding area;
the blank enters a rubbing cavity in a rolling state and sequentially passes through a feeding area, a shaping area, a forming area and a discharging area in the rubbing cavity;
the movable knife moves forward relative to the fixed knife, the head of the blank in the shaping area is gradually thinned and then separated to obtain a head-removing pointed nail, and the head of the head-removing pointed nail in the shaping area is gradually rubbed to obtain a workpiece;
and discharging the workpiece from a discharging area at the tail end of the fixed cutter, and returning the movable cutter relative to the fixed cutter to reset, so that the blank feeding is repeated.
6. The method for forming a steel core tip forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the tip forming tool and the blank are cooled during the forming process.
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| CN202311726466.5A CN117399538B (en) | 2023-12-15 | 2023-12-15 | Steel core tip rubbing forming device and forming method |
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| CN202311726466.5A CN117399538B (en) | 2023-12-15 | 2023-12-15 | Steel core tip rubbing forming device and forming method |
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|---|---|
| CN117399538A (en) | 2024-01-16 |
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