CN117398966A - Carbon dioxide adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117398966A
CN117398966A CN202311428074.0A CN202311428074A CN117398966A CN 117398966 A CN117398966 A CN 117398966A CN 202311428074 A CN202311428074 A CN 202311428074A CN 117398966 A CN117398966 A CN 117398966A
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carbon dioxide
dioxide adsorbent
distilled water
chitosan
stirring
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CN202311428074.0A
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许丕显
李效礼
陈林
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Shandong Xinshijie Ecological Environment Industry Development Co ltd
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Shandong Xinshijie Ecological Environment Industry Development Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/103Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/26Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504Carbon dioxide
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide adsorption, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide adsorbent, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) Adding chitosan and nano silicon dioxide into distilled water, uniformly stirring, then adding acetic acid under the condition of stirring, and continuously stirring to obtain uniform mixed solution; 2) Carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step 1), then carrying out suction filtration, washing with distilled water, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite; 3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) with an activating agent, heating and carbonizing under the nitrogen condition, alternately washing with hydrochloric acid and distilled water, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent. The prepared carbon dioxide adsorbent has a porous structure, a relatively high specific surface area, excellent carbon dioxide adsorption capacity and remarkable effects in the fields of environmental protection, energy conservation, emission reduction and the like.

Description

Carbon dioxide adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide adsorption, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide adsorbent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
During the fuel combustion process, a large amount of greenhouse gases are generated, of which more than nine are carbon dioxide. The elevated concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a major cause of global warming and climate change. At present, the technology of absorbing carbon dioxide by liquid ammonia solution is widely applied in industry, but the defects of high energy consumption for desorption, solvent degradation, secondary pollution, equipment rust and the like exist. Membrane separation technology has advantages of low energy consumption and non-corrosive compound use, however, the problems of membrane regeneration and purity of separated compounds remain to be solved, which limits its application in the field of carbon dioxide capture and removal.
In order to solve the problems faced by the adsorption separation technology, adsorbents have been widely used in the field of carbon oxide adsorption technology, including porous adsorbents such as metal organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, silicate-based materials, metal oxide-based adsorbents, porous carbonaceous materials, and the like. Among these adsorbents, highly porous carbonaceous adsorbents exhibit unique advantages such as low cost, chemical inertness, high stability, high porosity, and easy recovery. Researchers have developed various methods to improve the morphology, composition and structural characteristics of porous carbonaceous materials to enhance their carbon dioxide adsorption properties.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the carbon dioxide adsorbent which is of a porous structure, has higher specific surface area and excellent carbon dioxide adsorption capacity, and has remarkable effects in the fields of environmental protection, energy conservation, emission reduction and the like;
another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a carbon dioxide adsorbent and use thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Adding chitosan and nano silicon dioxide into distilled water, uniformly stirring, then adding acetic acid under the condition of stirring, and continuously stirring to obtain uniform mixed solution;
2) Carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step 1), then carrying out suction filtration, washing with distilled water, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite;
3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) with an activating agent, heating and carbonizing under the nitrogen condition, alternately washing with hydrochloric acid and distilled water, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
The mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano silicon dioxide in the step 1) is (1-3) 1.
The mass volume ratio of the chitosan to the distilled water in the step 1) is 1 (25-30), and the mass volume ratio of the chitosan to the acetic acid is 1 (6-8).
The temperature of the hydrothermal treatment in the step 2) is 100-120 ℃ and the time is 2-3h.
The mass ratio of the protonated chitosan nanocomposite to the activator in the step 3) is 1 (1-3).
The heating and carbonizing temperature in the step 3) is 150-180 ℃ and the time is 2-4h.
The activating agent in the step 3) is one of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.1-1mol/L.
The carbon dioxide adsorbent is prepared by the preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
The application of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide.
Acetic acid in the invention acts as an additive in the hydrothermal treatment process, the accessibility of the activating agent is increased by protonating chitosan, and the existence of the acetic acid is beneficial to the dissolution of the chitosan, so that more net-shaped porous structures are generated in the hydrothermal treatment process. The existence of the nano silicon dioxide is beneficial to improving the specific surface area and the surface activity, so that the stability and the dispersity of the adsorbent are improved, the nano silicon dioxide and the chitosan form the protonated chitosan nanocomposite together, and the protonated chitosan nanocomposite has a good carbon dioxide adsorption effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The carbon dioxide adsorbent disclosed by the invention is of a porous structure, has a relatively high specific surface area, can provide more adsorption sites, and is beneficial to improving the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide; and good channel transmission performance is ensured, so that carbon dioxide can rapidly enter and diffuse into the adsorbent in the adsorption process, and the adsorption effect is further improved;
(2) The preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is simple in preparation process and easy to control; in addition, the used raw materials and the activator have wide sources and low cost, and the production cost of the adsorbent is further reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples, which are not intended to limit the practice of the invention.
The raw materials used in examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, were conventional commercially available products.
Example 1
The preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent comprises the following steps:
1) Respectively adding 10g of chitosan and nano silicon dioxide into 300mL of distilled water, stirring for 3h, slowly adding 80mL of acetic acid under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 3h to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
2) And (3) carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 3 hours, and then carrying out suction filtration to obtain brown precipitate. Washing with distilled water until the pH is 7, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite;
3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) and an activating agent according to the mass ratio of 1:3, heating and carbonizing under the condition of nitrogen, wherein the heating and carbonizing temperature is 180 ℃, the heating and carbonizing time is 3 hours, alternately washing with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and distilled water until neutral pH is obtained, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
Example 2
The preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent comprises the following steps:
1) Respectively adding 10g of chitosan and 7g of nano silicon dioxide into 280mL of distilled water, stirring for 3h, slowly adding 70mL of acetic acid under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 3h to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
2) And 2) carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step 1) at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 2 hours, and then carrying out suction filtration to obtain brown precipitate. Washing with distilled water until the pH is 7, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite;
3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) and an activating agent according to the mass ratio of 1:2, heating and carbonizing under the condition of nitrogen at 170 ℃ for 3 hours, alternately washing with 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid and distilled water until neutral pH is obtained, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
Example 3
The preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent comprises the following steps:
1) Respectively adding 10g of chitosan and 5g of nano silicon dioxide into 250mL of distilled water, stirring for 3h, slowly adding 60mL of acetic acid under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 3h to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
2) And (3) carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 3 hours, and then carrying out suction filtration to obtain brown precipitate. Washing with distilled water until the pH is 7, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite;
3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) and an activating agent according to the mass ratio of 1:1, heating and carbonizing under the condition of nitrogen at 150 ℃ for 4 hours, alternately washing with 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid and distilled water until neutral pH is obtained, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent comprises the following steps:
1) Adding 10g of chitosan into 300mL of distilled water, stirring for 3h, slowly adding 80mL of acetic acid under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 3h to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
2) And (3) carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 3 hours, and then carrying out suction filtration to obtain brown precipitate. Washing with distilled water until the pH is 7, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite;
3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) and an activating agent according to the mass ratio of 1:3, heating and carbonizing under the condition of nitrogen, wherein the heating and carbonizing temperature is 180 ℃, the heating and carbonizing time is 3 hours, alternately washing with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and distilled water until neutral pH is obtained, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent comprises the following steps:
1) Respectively adding 10g of chitosan and nano silicon dioxide into 300mL of distilled water, stirring for 3h, slowly adding 80mL of acetic acid under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 3h to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
2) And (3) carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 3 hours, and then carrying out suction filtration to obtain brown precipitate. Washing with distilled water until the pH is 7, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite;
3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) and an activating agent according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3, heating and carbonizing under the condition of nitrogen, wherein the heating and carbonizing temperature is 180 ℃, the heating and carbonizing time is 3 hours, alternately washing with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and distilled water until neutral pH is obtained, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
The detection method comprises the following steps:
specific surface area (m) of carbon dioxide adsorbent using BET test 2 /g) and an adsorption amount (mg/g), wherein the adsorption amount is carried out under a pressure of 0.1MPa at 25 ℃.
The results of the tests of the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of the tests of examples and comparative examples
Project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
Specific surface area 3732 3594 3347 3084 3517
Adsorption quantity 418 397 381 327 325
From the detection data, it can be seen that the carbon dioxide adsorbent prepared by the invention has higher specific surface area and excellent carbon dioxide adsorption capacity, and is suitable for being applied to the field of carbon dioxide adsorption.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Adding chitosan and nano silicon dioxide into distilled water, uniformly stirring, then adding acetic acid under the condition of stirring, and continuously stirring to obtain uniform mixed solution;
2) Carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the mixed solution obtained in the step 1), then carrying out suction filtration, washing with distilled water, and drying to obtain the protonated chitosan nanocomposite;
3) Mixing and grinding the protonated chitosan nanocomposite obtained in the step 2) with an activating agent, heating and carbonizing under the nitrogen condition, alternately washing with hydrochloric acid and distilled water, and drying to obtain the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
2. The method for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of chitosan to nano silica in the step 1) is (1-3): 1.
3. The method for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of chitosan to distilled water in the step 1) is 1 (25-30), and the mass-to-volume ratio of chitosan to acetic acid is 1 (6-8).
4. The method for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal treatment in step 2) is carried out at a temperature of 100-120 ℃ for a time of 2-3 hours.
5. The method for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the protonated chitosan nanocomposite to the activator in the step 3) is 1 (1-3).
6. The method for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the heating and carbonizing temperature in step 3) is 150-180 ℃ for 2-4h.
7. The method for preparing carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the activator in the step 3) is one of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.1-1mol/L.
8. A carbon dioxide adsorbent prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of a carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 8 for carbon dioxide adsorption.
CN202311428074.0A 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Carbon dioxide adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN117398966A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311428074.0A CN117398966A (en) 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Carbon dioxide adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311428074.0A CN117398966A (en) 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Carbon dioxide adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN117398966A true CN117398966A (en) 2024-01-16

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