CN117398954A - Device and method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate - Google Patents

Device and method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117398954A
CN117398954A CN202211508569.XA CN202211508569A CN117398954A CN 117398954 A CN117398954 A CN 117398954A CN 202211508569 A CN202211508569 A CN 202211508569A CN 117398954 A CN117398954 A CN 117398954A
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China
Prior art keywords
reaction
kettle
esterification
melt
final
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Application number
CN202211508569.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴华志
黄娟
高甲
史路飞
李世元
黄海平
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fibre Co Ltd
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fibre Co Ltd
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Publication of CN117398954A publication Critical patent/CN117398954A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/04Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/008Feed or outlet control devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/02Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices for feeding measured, i.e. prescribed quantities of reagents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/18Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
    • C08G63/181Acids containing aromatic rings
    • C08G63/183Terephthalic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78Preparation processes
    • C08G63/785Preparation processes characterised by the apparatus used

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out esterification, pre-polycondensation and final polycondensation reactions on mixed slurry of terephthalic acid and 1, 4-butanediol in a device, wherein the catalyst enters the esterification kettle or the pre-polycondensation kettle from a catalyst adding port in a spraying manner, and the catalyst enters the polybutylene terephthalate with an average polymerization degree of 130-200 after the reaction is finished. The high molecular weight polybutylene terephthalate prepared by the specific device and method has high average polymerization degree, excellent spinning performance and heat stability.

Description

Device and method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for preparing polyester and a using method thereof, in particular to a device for preparing polybutylene terephthalate and a using method thereof.
Background
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a crystalline thermoplastic polyester, has the advantages of excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, solubility resistance and the like, and is one of five engineering plastics. The process for polymerizing PBT by direct esterification method uses refined terephthalic acid (PTA) and 1, 4-Butanediol (BDO) as raw materials, tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) as catalyst, and comprises three stages of esterification reaction, pre-polycondensation reaction and final polycondensation reaction, wherein the polymer PBT melt is generated under the control of temperature, pressure, residence time, stirring rotation speed and the like, and the PBT slice is finally produced by a granulating and packaging system. However, the prior art only gives PBT polyesters having an average degree of polymerization of from 70 to 130.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation device for preparing polybutylene terephthalate with stable and uniform catalyst feeding and high average polymerization degree, and also provides a method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate by using the device.
The technical scheme is as follows: the preparation device of the polybutylene terephthalate comprises: the esterification reactor, the preshrinking reactor and the final shrinking reactor are provided with common baffles and heating baffles which are alternately arranged at the inlet end of the final shrinking reactor, and a weir plate is arranged at the middle part of the common baffles.
Further, the height of the common baffle is 1.2-3.0 times of the height of the heating baffle, the distance between the common baffle and the heating baffle is in a proportional relation with the height of the common baffle, the height of the weir plate is in a descending trend from the inlet end to the inside, the front end can be ensured to finish tackifying reaction, a gradually tackified polymer passes through the weir plate and climbs through the heating baffle, the movement track of the polymer is in a sine curve shape, the middle part of the heating baffle is provided with a channel, the inside of the heating baffle is provided with baffle plates and high-temperature heat mediums, and the arrangement of the baffle plates can prevent the heat mediums from being short-circuited and ensure that the high-viscosity polymer flows uniformly.
Further, the preferable arrangement mode of the common baffle plate and the heating baffle plate is that the common baffle plate is alternately arranged at the two ends and the heating baffle plate is arranged in the middle.
The method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate by using the device comprises the following steps:
(a) Adding mixed slurry of terephthalic acid and 1, 4-butanediol into an esterification kettle for esterification reaction, and allowing a catalyst to enter the esterification kettle in a spraying manner through a catalyst adding port to react to obtain an esterification melt with an average polymerization degree of 5-20;
(b) Adding the esterified melt into a pre-shrinking kettle for pre-shrinking reaction to obtain pre-shrinking melt with the average polymerization degree of 30-60;
(c) Adding the pre-condensed melt into a final condensation kettle, tackifying the pre-condensed melt at the inlet end of the final condensation kettle by using common baffles and heating baffles which are alternately arranged, and then carrying out final polycondensation reaction to obtain a final condensed melt with the average polymerization degree of 130-200, preferably 135-195, so as to obtain the polybutylene terephthalate.
Further, in the step (a), the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to 1, 4-butanediol is 1:2.0-1:3.2.
Further, in the step (a), the esterification reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 236-246 ℃, the reaction pressure is 35-55kPa, the residence time is 1.5-3.5h, and the rotation speed of the stirrer is 90-160rpm.
Further, in the step (a), after the catalyst and the fresh BDO are prepared, the catalyst enters the esterification kettle through a catalyst adding port in a spraying mode, the spraying speed is 10-30m/s, the adding mode can enable the adding amount of the catalyst to be more stable and uniformly dispersed in the kettle to effectively ensure the esterification reaction, and the catalyst is a titanium catalyst and is added in the esterification kettle independently or in batches in the esterification kettle and the preshrinking kettle.
Further, in the step (b), the conditions for the pre-polymerization reaction are as follows: the reaction temperature is 245-255 ℃, the reaction pressure is 1.0-3.0kPa, the residence time is 1.5-3.0h, and the rotation speed of the stirrer is 40-80rpm.
Further, in the step (c), the condition of the final polycondensation reaction is: the reaction temperature is 245-255 ℃, the reaction pressure is 40-150kPa, the residence time is 0.8-2.0h, and the rotation speed of the stirrer is 2-10rpm.
The principle of the invention: firstly, the invention sets a plurality of groups of special baffles at the inlet end of the final shrinking kettle to form a special runner for melt, the design of the special runner provides residence time and temperature required by tackifying, and simultaneously ensures the fluidity of the high molecular weight polymer, secondly, in the invention, the terephthalic acid and the 1, 4-butanediol are utilized to carry out alkyd esterification reaction in the esterification kettle to generate the terephthalic acid bis-4-hydroxybutyl ester, and then the polycondensation reaction is carried out between the terephthalic acid bis-4-hydroxybutyl ester molecules in two serially connected polycondensation kettles to remove butanediol molecules, thus finally obtaining the product with the polymerization degree of 130-200.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) The polybutylene terephthalate produced by the three-kettle direct esterification method has the average polymerization degree of 130-200, and has the outstanding advantages of excellent spinning performance and high thermal stability compared with the polyester with low average polymerization degree in the prior art;
(2) The final shrinkage kettle has unique structural design, is provided with the common baffles and the heating baffles which are alternately arranged, and can ensure that the front end completes the tackifying reaction through the design of the height and the structure thereof;
(3) Compared with the traditional spraying type, the catalyst adding mode can ensure that the catalyst adding amount is more stable, the catalyst is more uniformly mixed with materials in a kettle, and the esterification reaction is effectively ensured;
(4) The process and the device adopted in the invention have short flow, greatly avoid the problem of waste products caused by thermal degradation of materials after long residence time in the kettle, and simultaneously reduce the waste of the recycled BDO with higher production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for producing polybutylene terephthalate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of alternate baffles of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a generic baffle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a heating baffle of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
The preparation device of the polybutylene terephthalate comprises an esterification kettle 1, a preshrinking kettle 2 and a final shrinking kettle 3 in sequence as shown in figure 1, wherein the final shrinking kettle 3 is provided with common baffles 31 and heating baffles 32 which are alternately arranged at the inlet end of the final shrinking kettle 3 as shown in figure 2, the preferable arrangement mode is that the common baffles 31 are alternately arranged at the two ends and the heating baffles 32 are arranged in the middle, the height of the common baffles 31 is 1.2-3.0 times of the height of the heating baffles 32, as shown in figure 3, the middle part of the common baffles 31 is provided with weir plates 33, the height of the weir plates 33 is in a descending trend from the inlet end to the inside, the front end is ensured to finish tackifying reaction, and a gradually tackified polymer passes through the weir plates 33 and climbs through the heating baffles 32, and the movement track of the polymer is in a sine curve; as shown in fig. 4, the middle part of the heating baffle 31 is provided with a channel 34, a baffle 35 and a high-temperature heating medium are arranged in the middle part, the arrangement of a plurality of baffles 34 can prevent the heating medium from being short-circuited, and the distance between the common baffle 31 and the heating baffle 32 is in direct proportion to the height of the common baffle 31.
Example 1: the application method of the device for preparing the polybutylene terephthalate comprises the following steps:
(a) Adding mixed slurry with the mol ratio of terephthalic acid to 1, 4-butanediol being 3.1 into an esterification kettle 1 for esterification reaction, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 238 ℃, the reaction pressure is 50kPa, the residence time is 2 hours, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 140rpm, and an esterified melt is obtained after the reaction is finished;
after the titanium catalyst and fresh BDO are prepared, the titanium catalyst enters the esterification kettle 1 through a catalyst adding port in a spraying mode, wherein the spraying speed is 20m/s;
(b) The esterified melt is added into a preshrinking kettle 2 from an outer chamber to carry out preshrinking reaction under the following conditions: the reaction temperature is 245 ℃, the reaction pressure is 2.0kPa, the residence time is 1.5 hours, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 60rpm, and the pre-polycondensed melt is obtained after the reaction is finished;
(c) The pre-polycondensation melt is produced from the inner chamber of the pre-polycondensation kettle and is added into the final polycondensation kettle 3, and after the pre-polycondensation melt is thickened by the common baffle plates 31 and the heating baffle plates 32 which are alternately arranged at the inlet end of the final polycondensation kettle 3, the final polycondensation reaction is carried out under the reaction conditions that: the reaction temperature is 250 ℃, the reaction pressure is 80kPa, the residence time is 1h, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 9.0rpm, and the final polycondensation melt is obtained after the reaction is finished, namely the polybutylene terephthalate.
Example 2: the application method of the device for preparing the polybutylene terephthalate comprises the following steps:
(a) Adding mixed slurry with the mol ratio of terephthalic acid to 1, 4-butanediol being 3.1 into an esterification kettle 1 for esterification reaction, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 238 ℃, the reaction pressure is 50kPa, the residence time is 2 hours, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 140rpm, and an esterified melt is obtained after the reaction is finished;
after the titanium catalyst and fresh BDO are prepared, the titanium catalyst enters the esterification kettle 1 through a catalyst adding port in a spraying mode, wherein the spraying speed is 20m/s;
(b) Adding the esterified melt into a pre-shrinking kettle 2 from an outer chamber to perform pre-shrinking reaction, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 245 ℃, the reaction pressure is 2.0kPa, the residence time is 1.5 hours, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 60rpm, and the pre-polycondensed melt is obtained after the reaction is finished;
(c) The pre-polycondensation melt is produced from the inner chamber of the pre-polycondensation kettle and is added into the final polycondensation kettle 3, and after the pre-polycondensation melt is thickened by the common baffle plates 31 and the heating baffle plates 32 which are alternately arranged at the inlet end of the final polycondensation kettle 3, the final polycondensation reaction is carried out under the reaction conditions that: the reaction temperature is 250 ℃, the reaction pressure is 80kPa, the residence time is 1h, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 7.5rpm, and the final polycondensation melt is obtained after the reaction is finished, namely the polybutylene terephthalate.
Example 3: the application method of the device for preparing the polybutylene terephthalate comprises the following steps:
(a) Adding mixed slurry with the mol ratio of terephthalic acid to 1, 4-butanediol being 3.1 into an esterification kettle 1 for esterification reaction, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 238 ℃, the reaction pressure is 50kPa, the residence time is 2 hours, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 100rpm, and an esterified melt is obtained after the reaction is finished;
after the titanium catalyst and fresh BDO are prepared, the titanium catalyst enters the esterification kettle 1 through a catalyst adding port in a spraying mode, wherein the spraying speed is 20m/s;
(b) Adding the esterified melt into a pre-shrinking kettle 2 from an outer chamber to perform pre-shrinking reaction, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 245 ℃, the reaction pressure is 2.0kPa, the residence time is 1.5 hours, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 60rpm, and the pre-polycondensed melt is obtained after the reaction is finished;
(c) The pre-polycondensation melt is produced from the inner chamber of the pre-polycondensation kettle 2 and is added into the final polycondensation kettle 3, and after the pre-polycondensation melt is thickened by the common baffle plates 31 and the heating baffle plates 32 which are alternately arranged at the inlet end of the final polycondensation kettle 3, the final polycondensation reaction is carried out under the following reaction conditions: the reaction temperature is 250 ℃, the reaction pressure is 80kPa, the residence time is 1h, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 9.0rpm, and the final polycondensation melt is obtained after the reaction is finished, namely the polybutylene terephthalate.
Comparative example 1: the difference from example 1 is that this comparative example uses an esterification tank stirrer speed of 100rpm, a final shrinkage tank stirrer speed of 7.5rpm, and the catalyst is added by spraying into the esterification tank from a catalyst addition port. The actual polymerization degree of the products of examples 1, 2, 3 and comparative example 1 described in the present invention are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 production parameters and degree of polymerization of the products

Claims (10)

1. An apparatus for preparing polybutylene terephthalate, comprising: esterification kettle (1), preshrinking cauldron (2) and final cauldron (3), its characterized in that, ordinary baffle (31) and heating baffle (32) of alternate arrangement are installed to the entry end of final cauldron (3), the middle part of ordinary baffle (31) is equipped with weir plate (33).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the common baffle (31) is 1.2-3.0 times the height of the heating baffle (32).
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacing of the common baffles (31) and the heating baffles (32) is proportional to the height of the common baffles (31).
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the slice (33) decreases from the inlet end towards the inside.
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle part of the heating baffle (32) is provided with a channel (34) and the inside is provided with a baffle plate (35) and a high-temperature heating medium.
6. A method of making a PBAT using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(a) Adding mixed slurry of terephthalic acid and 1, 4-butanediol into an esterification kettle (1) for esterification reaction, and allowing a catalyst to enter the esterification kettle in a spraying manner through a catalyst adding port to react to obtain an esterification melt with an average polymerization degree of 5-20;
(b) Adding the esterified melt into a pre-shrinking kettle (2) for pre-shrinking polymerization reaction to obtain pre-shrinking melt with the average polymerization degree of 30-60;
(c) Adding the pre-condensed melt into a final condensation kettle (3), tackifying the pre-condensed melt at the inlet end of the final condensation kettle (3) through common baffles (31) and heating baffles (32) which are alternately arranged, and then carrying out final polycondensation reaction to obtain the final condensed melt with the average polymerization degree of 130-200, thus obtaining the polybutylene terephthalate.
7. The process of claim 6 wherein in step (a) the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to 1, 4-butanediol is from 1:2.0 to 1:3.2.
8. The process of claim 6 wherein in step (a) the catalyst is formulated with fresh BDO before being sprayed into the esterification kettle through a catalyst addition port.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the injection velocity of the catalyst is 10-30m/s.
10. The process of claim 7, wherein in steps (a) to (c), the esterification reaction conditions are: the reaction temperature is 236-246 ℃, the reaction pressure is 35-55kPa, the residence time is 1.5-3.5h, the rotation speed of the stirrer is 90-160rpm, and the conditions of the pre-polycondensation reaction are as follows: the reaction temperature is 245-255 ℃, the reaction pressure is 1.0-3.0kPa, the residence time is 1.5-3.0h, the rotation speed of a stirrer is 40-80rpm, and the conditions of the final polycondensation reaction are as follows: the reaction temperature is 245-255 ℃, the reaction pressure is 40-150kPa, the residence time is 0.8-2.0h, and the rotation speed of the stirrer is 2-10rpm.
CN202211508569.XA 2022-07-13 2022-11-28 Device and method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate Pending CN117398954A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210819918 2022-07-13
CN2022108199183 2022-07-13
CN2022114637912 2022-11-22
CN202211463791 2022-11-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117398954A true CN117398954A (en) 2024-01-16

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ID=89489612

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202211508569.XA Pending CN117398954A (en) 2022-07-13 2022-11-28 Device and method for preparing polybutylene terephthalate

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CN (1) CN117398954A (en)

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