CN117396160A

CN117396160A - Test neck and method

Info

Publication number: CN117396160A
Application number: CN202280024908.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: F·阿马拉尔; A·伯克贝克; P·克拉克森; G·达顿; N·菲尔; C·威瑟; N·伍伦
Original assignee: DePuy Ireland ULC
Current assignee: DePuy Ireland ULC
Priority date: 2021-02-02
Filing date: 2022-02-01
Publication date: 2024-01-12

Abstract

The present invention relates to a trial neck (10) for hip surgery and a method of attaching the trial neck to a femoral canal appliance (60). The trial neck comprises a body portion (4) comprising a bore (8) for receiving a proximal end (64) of the femoral tubular appliance. The trial neck further comprises an elongate neck portion (2) extending from the body portion. The trial neck further includes a locking mechanism having a lever (20). The lever has a first end (24). The lever also has a second end (22). The lever also has an engagement surface (26). The second end of the lever is actuatable to push the engagement surface against the proximal end of the strand pipe implement to secure the proximal end of the strand pipe implement within the bore.

Description

Test neck and method

Cross-reference to related PCT application

This application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/248,665, filed 2/2021, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Background

The present specification relates to a trial neck and a method of attaching a trial neck to a femoral canal appliance.

Hip replacement is a surgical procedure in which the hip joint is replaced by a prosthetic implant. Total replacement of the hip joint involves installing an acetabular cup implant in the patient's acetabulum and installing a prosthesis in the patient's femur. The prosthesis generally includes a stem that is received in the medullary canal of the femur, and a head having a bearing surface that is received in the acetabulum or acetabular cup implant. The prosthesis also typically includes a neck extending between the proximal end of the stem and the head.

Successful hip replacement surgery requires proper positioning and alignment of the acetabular cup implant and the prosthesis itself. Misalignment and/or selection of an acetabular cup implant and/or prosthesis of an improper size may result in limited movement of the prosthesis and/or accelerated wear and tear of bearing surfaces of the acetabular cup implant and bearing surfaces of the head. Achieving this correct positioning and alignment involves various factors. At least some of these factors relate to the neck of the prosthesis. These factors may include, for example, the length (offset) of the neck and the angular orientation of the neck relative to the stem.

Hip replacement surgery typically involves testing various components of acetabular cup implants and prostheses. As part of this, various sizes of drills/reamers may be used to prepare the medullary canal of the femur. Once the reamer/reamer is inserted into the femur, a trial neck and trial head may also be attached to the reamer/reamer in order to assess whether a prosthesis having this type of neck and head (e.g., in terms of neck size and offset) will fit the patient.

After the surgeon is confident that the selected combination of reamer/reamer, trial neck and trial head are properly positioned and aligned, they can be removed and replaced with the implant itself.

Disclosure of Invention

Aspects of the disclosure are set out in the accompanying independent and dependent claims. Combinations of features from the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent claims as appropriate and not merely as explicitly shown in the claims.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a trial neck for hip surgery, the trial neck comprising:

a body portion including an aperture for receiving a proximal end of a femoral tubular tool;

an elongated neck extending from the body portion;

a locking mechanism comprising a lever having:

a first end;

a second end; and

the surface of the engagement is provided with a surface,

wherein the second end of the lever is actuatable to push the engagement surface against the proximal end of the strand pipe implement to secure the proximal end of the strand pipe implement within the bore.

The lever of the locking mechanism of the trial neck may provide a reliable way of attaching the trial neck to the femoral canal appliance. The lever may allow for a sufficient securing force to be applied to the femoral canal instrument within the bore while also allowing for fine adjustment.

The locking mechanism may further comprise an actuation member for engaging with the second end of the lever to actuate the lever. This may provide a convenient way of operating the lever.

The trial neck may include another aperture. The actuating member may extend within the other aperture. Another aperture may extend within the elongated neck.

The other aperture may extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongate neck.

The proximal end of the elongated neck may have an opening to another aperture. The proximal end of the actuation member may include a connection feature for connecting a tool to the actuation member for actuating the actuation member.

The proximal end of the elongated neck may be configured to be attached to a trial head.

The other bore may have a threaded surface. The actuating member may have a threaded surface for engagement with a threaded surface of the other aperture to allow the actuating member to rotate to move the actuating member along the other aperture to engage the second end of the lever. The threaded engagement of the actuating member may allow fine adjustment of the position of the lever.

The trial neck may have a window for viewing the actuating member within the other bore. This is also useful for cleaning the test neck between surgical procedures.

The first end of the lever may be located at a lateral side of the test neck.

The engagement surface of the lever may be curved to match the curved outer surface of the proximal end of the femoral tubular tool.

The inner surface of the bore may have a contoured surface for engaging a corresponding contoured outer surface of the proximal end of the femoral tube instrument to prevent rotation of the femoral tube instrument relative to the trial neck about the longitudinal axis of the femoral tube instrument.

The first end of the lever may be integral with the body portion. The engagement surface may be intermediate the first end of the lever and the second end of the lever.

The second end of the lever may be located within the elongated neck.

The lever may include at least one dog leg bend. This allows the lever arm provided by the lever to be optimised.

For example, the femoral canal appliance may be an implant such as a rod implant. For example, the femoral canal preparation instrument may be a femoral canal preparation instrument such as a reamer, test rod or drill.

The first end of the lever may be pivotally mounted within the test neck.

The actuation member may have a distal end for engagement with the second end of the lever to actuate the lever. The distal end may comprise a recess for engagement with a corresponding protrusion on the second end of the lever to move the engagement surface away from the proximal end of the femoral tube instrument when the actuation member is withdrawn along the other aperture.

The second end of the lever may include an actuation member receiving opening.

The first end of the lever may include a graspable feature for manually actuating the lever to move the engagement surface away from the proximal end of the femoral tubular instrument.

The second end of the lever may include an angled surface facing the aperture to allow the proximal end of the strand pipe implement to ride over the angled surface to pivot the lever to move the engagement surface away from the proximal end of the strand pipe implement when the proximal end of the strand pipe implement is inserted into the aperture.

The lever further includes a biasing element for biasing the first end of the lever toward the aperture, thereby biasing the engagement surface away from the aperture.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a surgical kit comprising:

a test neck of the kind described above; and

a femoral canal appliance.

The proximal end of the strand pipe implement may comprise a circumferential lip or groove for engagement with an engagement surface of a locking mechanism of the trial neck. When the locking mechanism is locked, the engagement surface may catch on the lip or groove to prevent removal of the proximal end of the femoral tubular device from the bore.

According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of attaching a trial neck to a femoral canal appliance, the trial neck comprising:

an elongated neck extending from the body portion;

a locking mechanism comprising a lever having:

a first end;

a second end; and

the surface of the engagement is provided with a surface,

wherein the second end of the lever is actuatable to push the engagement surface against the proximal end of the strand pipe implement, thereby securing the proximal end of the strand pipe implement within the bore,

the method comprises the following steps:

inserting a proximal end of a femoral tubular tool into the bore; and

the second end of the lever is actuated to push the engagement surface against the proximal end of the femoral tubular tool.

The method may include engaging an actuation member of the locking mechanism with a second end of the lever to actuate the lever. This may provide a convenient way of operating the lever.

The proximal end of the actuation member may include a connection feature. The method may further comprise connecting the tool to the actuation member and then to the connection feature for actuating the actuation member.

The method may further comprise viewing the actuation member through a window in the elongated neck of the trial neck.

The first end of the lever may be pivotally mounted within the test neck.

Drawings

Embodiments of the present disclosure will hereinafter be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which like reference symbols indicate like elements, and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a trial neck attached to a femoral canal appliance, such as a reamer, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 shows another view of the trial neck of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a front view of the trial neck of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4A shows a top view of the trial neck of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4B illustrates a bottom view of the trial neck of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4C shows an inside view of the trial neck of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of the trial neck of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 shows another cross-section of the test neck of FIG. 1 through the plane V-V shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-section of the trial neck of FIG. 1, showing the contoured surface of the bore of the trial neck for engagement with the corresponding contoured surface of the femoral tubular appliance;

FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-section of a trial neck according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 shows some of the components of the trial neck of FIG. 8 in more detail;

FIG. 10 shows a cross-section of the trial neck of FIG. 8 in an unlocked configuration;

FIG. 11 shows a cross-section of the trial neck of FIG. 8 in a locked configuration;

FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-section of a trial neck according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 illustrates a cross-section of a trial neck according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 illustrates a cross-section of a trial neck according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 illustrates a cross-section of a trial neck according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and is also provided with

Fig. 16 shows a cross section of a test neck according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1-7 illustrate various views of a trial neck 10 and femoral canal appliance according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In the drawings, the following directions are shown:

medial direction 82;

an outside direction 84;

an upward direction 86; and

downward direction 88

For example, the femoral canal preparation instrument may be a femoral canal preparation instrument such as a reamer, test rod or drill. For example, the femoral canal appliance may alternatively be an implant such as a rod implant.

In the following description of fig. 1-7, the femoral canal apparatus is a femoral canal preparation apparatus that includes a reamer 60. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the femoral tubular tool may be another tool, such as one of the tools described above, and may have a proximal end configured similarly to the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60.

The trial neck 10 comprises a body portion 4. The body portion 4 includes an aperture 8. The aperture 8 may be a blind aperture (closed at its proximal end), although in the embodiment shown in the figures the aperture is an open aperture completely through the body portion 4. The bore 8 may receive a proximal end of the reamer 60 for attaching the reamer 60 to the trial neck 10. As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the aperture may include an inner lip or shoulder 63 that includes a narrowed portion of the aperture 8. The lip or shoulder 63 may engage a corresponding lip or shoulder comprising a wider portion of the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement to act as a complete stop preventing the proximal end 64 from passing completely through the aperture 8.

Reamer 60 may itself be in the form of an elongate shaft (see, e.g., fig. 1) and may have a distally located cutting surface 68. Reamer 60 may also have a middle portion 66 located proximally relative to cutting surface 68. Reamer 60 has a proximal end 64. The proximal end 64 may be located proximally relative to the cutting surface 68 and/or the intermediate portion 66. The proximal end 64 may be generally cylindrical, having a circular cross-section, although this is not required. The proximal end 64 is insertable into the bore 8 of the trial neck 10 for attaching the reamer 60 thereto, as will be described in more detail below.

As can be seen in fig. 5, the proximal end 64 of reamer 60 may include a number of features. For example, the proximal end 64 may have a connection feature 62, such as a contoured hole, for attaching the reamer 60 to a reamer drive. The bore of the connection feature 62 may include internal threads 65 to facilitate attachment of auxiliary instruments such as reamer drives. In embodiments where the bore 8 extends completely through the body portion 8, the reamer drive may be attached to the reamer 60 using the connection feature 62 even when the trial neck 10 is attached to the reamer 60.

The proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 may also include a circumferential lip or groove 70 for engaging an engagement surface of a locking mechanism of the trial neck 10, as will be described in detail below. As can be seen in fig. 5, the lip or groove 70 may be formed by an edge of a circumferential portion of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 having a stepped increase (or decrease) in the radius of the proximal end 64.

In some embodiments, reamer 60 may include an angled surface to match the engagement surface of the locking mechanism at an angle at which the engagement surface contacts reamer 60. The angled surface may include a circumferential (e.g., annular) recess (in much the same way as the lip or groove 70) extending around the reamer 60. In this way, the contact surface area of reamer 60 and the engagement surface may be maximized and potential damage to the surface of reamer 60 (caused by the engagement surface "digging" into reamer 60) may be avoided. In some embodiments, the engagement surface and the angled surface may cooperate to push the inner lip or shoulder 63 against a corresponding lip or shoulder of the proximal end 64, thereby locking the proximal end 64 from movement in either axial direction within the bore 8.

The trial neck 10 also has an elongate neck 2. An elongate neck 2 extends from the body portion 4. The elongated neck 2 extends at a non-zero angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the bore 8. The proximal end 16 of the elongated neck 2 may be configured (i.e., include a connection feature) to attach to a trial head.

The trial neck 10 may include one or more external indicia 14 for indicating information about the type or size of the trial neck 10. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-7, one such marker 14 is located on the proximal (upper) surface of the trial neck 10, although other locations of such markers are possible.

As previously described, the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 may be received within the bore 8 for attaching the reamer 60 to the trial neck 10. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the trial neck 10 includes a locking mechanism. A locking mechanism may be used to lock the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 within the bore 8 to prevent movement of the reamer 60 relative to the trial neck 10 and/or accidental disengagement of the trial neck 10 from the reamer 60.

The locking mechanism includes a lever 20. The lever 20 has a first end 24, a second end 22, and an engagement surface 26. The first end 24 may be laterally positioned relative to the engagement surface 26 and the second end 22. The engagement surface 26 may be laterally positioned relative to the second end 22.

In this embodiment, the first end 24 is integral with the body portion 4. As can be appreciated from the observations of fig. 2, 3, 6 and 7, the first end 24 of the lever 20 may comprise a pair of arms, each extending around the aperture 8 to engage the body portion 4 at a point located generally laterally on the trial neck 10. The point(s) at which the (pair of arms of the) first end 24 engages the body portion 4 may form a living spring hinge.

The second end 22 in this embodiment is located within the elongated neck 2 of the trial neck 10, although it could also be located within the body portion 4. Positioning the second end 22 within the elongated neck 2 may allow the second end 22 to be sufficiently remote from the engagement surface 26, as compared to the position of the second end 22 of the lever 20 within the body portion 4, such that the mechanical advantage provided by the lever 20 is improved.

In this embodiment, the engagement surface 26 is located intermediate the first end 24 and the second end 22. The engagement surface 26 in this embodiment is positioned adjacent the sidewall of the bore 8, allowing the engagement surface 26 to contact and push against the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60, thereby securing the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 within the bore 8 when the lever 20 is actuated.

In this embodiment, the pair of arms of the lever 20 extending around the aperture 8 extend from the portion of the lever 20 including the engagement surface 26 generally in the outboard direction 84 for engagement with the body portion 4 at the first end 24. The portion of the lever 20 between the engagement surface 26 and the second end 22 may comprise a single solid piece that diverges at the engagement surface 26 to form the pair of arms. Thus, the lever may be generally fork-shaped or Y-shaped when viewed along the longitudinal axis of the bore 8.

As can be seen, the portion of the lever 20 between the engagement surface 26 and the second end 22 may include a plurality of dog leg bends. This may allow mechanical advantage to be obtained from actuation of the second end 22 of the lever 20 as described below, while also allowing the lever 20 to navigate the aforementioned non-zero angle between the elongated neck 2 and the longitudinal axis of the bore 8.

As also seen in the figures, the lever 20 may reside in a slot formed in the side wall of the trial neck 10. The slot may be sized with sufficient clearance to ensure that the lever 20 can be actuated during operation of the locking mechanism and that the sides of the slot are not contaminated. The slot may also be sized to provide proper support for the lever 20 during washing of the test neck 10.

In some embodiments, the locking mechanism further comprises an actuation member 30. The actuating member 30 may be used to actuate the second end of the lever 20.

In this embodiment, the trial neck 10 has a further bore 15 within which extends an actuating member 30. The further aperture 15 may extend substantially parallel to the (longitudinal) neck axis of the elongated neck 2. The other aperture 15 may terminate at a proximal end 16 of the elongate neck 2. The opening of the further aperture 15 at the proximal end 16 of the elongated neck 2 in this embodiment may allow access to the actuating member 30. The proximal end of the actuation member 30 may include a connection feature 32 for connecting a corresponding connection feature 52 of the tool 50 to the actuation member 30 for actuating the actuation member 30. In some embodiments, a trial head attachable to the proximal end 16 of the elongated neck 2 may include an opening or aperture therethrough to provide access to the connection feature 32 for operation of the actuation member 30. For example, a tool 50 may be inserted through an opening or aperture in the trial head to couple the connection feature 52 to the connection feature 32. In some embodiments, the tool 50 may be incorporated into the trial head itself.

For operating the actuating member 30, it is movable along the other aperture 15 (in the direction indicated by arrow "a" in fig. 5, substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated neck 2 in this embodiment) towards the second end 22 of the lever 20. The tip 34 may thus contact the second end 22 of the lever 20, thereby deflecting the lever 20. This causes the lever 20 to rotate about the first end 24 of the lever 20 (in the direction indicated by arrow "B" in fig. 5). This in turn causes the engagement surface 26 to push against the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 to lock the proximal end 64 within the bore 8.

The other bore 15 may have a threaded surface 18 for engagement with a corresponding threaded surface 38 of the actuating member 30. Rotation of the actuating member 30 within the other aperture 15 (e.g., using the tool 50) may cause the actuating member to move back and forth within the other aperture 15 and in the direction "a" as described above, thereby operating the lever 20.

In some embodiments, the trial neck may include one or more windows. For example, the trial neck 10 in the embodiment shown in the figures has a window 12 in the elongated neck 2. A window 12 may be opened in both the front and rear surfaces of the elongated neck 10. The window 12 may enable the actuation member 30 to be seen within the other aperture 15. This may allow the position of the actuating member 30 within the further aperture 15 to be determined by inspection. The window 12 may also allow improved access to the interior of the test neck 10, in particular the further aperture 15, for cleaning operations. It is noted that the aforementioned slots in which the lever 20 may be positioned may similarly allow access to the inside of the test neck 10 for improved cleaning operations.

In some embodiments, the engagement surface 26 of the lever 20 may be curved (such an example in this embodiment can be seen in fig. 6 and 7). This may allow the engagement surface to substantially mate with the curved outer surface of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60. By matching the curved outer surface of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60, the size of the junction area between the junction surface 26 and the proximal end 64 may be increased to achieve a more secure connection between the trial neck 10 and the reamer 60. Note that in some embodiments, a portion of the engagement surface 26 on the pair of arms of the lever 20 may form at least a portion of the curved engagement surface 26.

The locking mechanism described above generally resists movement of reamer 60 along the longitudinal axis of bore 8, thereby preventing inadvertent movement of trial neck 10 relative to reamer 60 and/or preventing inadvertent removal of the proximal end of reamer 60 from bore 8. In some embodiments, trial neck 10 and/or reamer 60 may include features for resisting rotation of reamer 60 within bore 8 (i.e., about the longitudinal axis of bore 8). It is noted that even without such additional features, the frictional forces associated with pushing engagement surface 26 against the proximal end of reamer 60 may resist rotation of reamer 60 within bore 8 to some extent.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-7 (see fig. 4A, 4B, and 7 in particular), the inner surface of the bore 8 has a contoured surface 87 for engagement with a corresponding contoured outer surface 67 (see fig. 3 and 6) of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60. The engagement of these contoured surfaces 67/87 resists rotation of the reamer 60 relative to the trial neck 10 about the longitudinal axis of the bore 8/reamer 60, as described above. The contoured surface 67 on the reamer 60 may extend completely around the circumference of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 (as seen in fig. 6) such that a portion of the contoured surface 67 may be presented to the contoured surface 87 of the trial neck 10 regardless of the orientation of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 when it is first inserted into the bore 8.

As can be seen in fig. 7, the contoured surface 87 need not extend around the circumference of the hole 8, but may be present only on a section of the hole 8 (in fig. 7, the section comprising the contoured surface 87 is the innermost located part of the inner surface of the hole 8). As can also be seen in fig. 7, the contoured surface 87 may extend entirely along the length of the inner surface of the bore 15. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-7, the contoured surface 87 extends from the proximal end of the bore 8 to the distal end of the bore 8, and a portion of the contoured surface 87 is located on the engagement surface 26. However, it is also contemplated that the contoured surface 87 may be located only on the engagement surface 26.

As described above, the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 may include a circumferential lip or groove 70 for engagement with an engagement surface of a locking mechanism of the trial neck 10. As can be seen in fig. 5, the lip or groove 70 may be formed by an edge of a circumferential portion of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 having a stepped increase (or decrease) in the radius of the proximal end 64. In some embodiments, a contoured surface 67 may be located on the lip and/or in the groove 70 for engagement with (a portion of) a contoured surface 87 on the engagement surface 26 of the lever 20. Note that in some embodiments, when the locking mechanism is locked, the engagement surface may catch on a lip or groove 70 (e.g., a portion of the lever 20 including the engagement surface 26 may be inserted into the groove 70) to prevent removal of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 from the bore 8. In this way, the engagement surface 26 may physically block removal of the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 from the bore 8 in addition to the frictional forces exerted by the engagement surface 26.

The contoured surface 67/87 may include correspondingly shaped splines that extend generally parallel to the longitudinal axes of the reamer 60 and the bore 8. Other types of contoured surfaces may be used. Note that (a portion of) the contoured surface 87 on the engagement surface 26 may form one or more teeth that engage the contoured surface 67 on the proximal end 64 of the reamer 60 (see, e.g., fig. 6).

Fig. 8 shows a cross section of a test neck according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 shows some of the components of the test neck of fig. 8 in more detail. Fig. 10 shows a cross-section of the trial neck of fig. 8 in an unlocked configuration, and fig. 11 shows a cross-section of the trial neck of fig. 8 in a locked configuration.

For example, the femoral canal apparatus shown in fig. 8, 10 and 11 may be a femoral canal preparation apparatus comprising a reamer, test rod or drill. For example, the femoral tubular tool shown in fig. 8, 10, and 11 may alternatively be an implant such as a rod implant.

In the following description of fig. 8-11, the femoral tubular tool includes a reamer, such as reamer 60 shown in fig. 1. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the femoral tubular tool may be one of the other tools described above, and may have a proximal end configured similarly to the proximal end 64 of the reamer.

The trial neck 10 comprises a body portion 4. The body portion 4 includes an aperture 8. The aperture 8 may be a blind aperture (closed at its proximal end), although in the embodiment shown in figures 8, 10 and 11, the aperture is an open aperture completely through the body portion 4. The bore 8 may receive a proximal end 64 of a reamer for attaching the reamer to the trial neck 10. As described above, the aperture 8 may include an inner lip or shoulder that includes a narrowed portion of the aperture 8. The lip or shoulder may engage a corresponding lip or shoulder comprising a wider portion of the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement to act as a complete stop preventing the proximal end 64 from passing completely through the aperture 8.

The reamer itself may be in the form of an elongate shaft (see, e.g., fig. 1) and may have a distally located cutting surface 68. The femoral tubular tool 60 may also have a medial portion 66 located proximally relative to a cutting surface 68. The femoral tubular tool 60 has a proximal end 64. The proximal end 64 may be located proximally relative to the cutting surface 68 and/or the intermediate portion 66. The proximal end 64 may be generally cylindrical, having a circular cross-section, although this is not required. The proximal end 64 is insertable into the bore 8 of the trial neck 10 for attaching the femoral canal appliance 60 to the trial neck, as will be described in more detail below.

As seen in fig. 8, 10 and 11, the proximal end 64 of the reamer may include a number of features. For example, the proximal end 64 may have a connection feature 62, such as a contoured hole, for attaching the reamer to the reamer drive. The bore of the connection feature 62 may include internal threads to facilitate attachment of the reamer drive. In embodiments where the bore 8 extends completely through the body portion 4, the reamer drive may be attached to the reamer using the connection feature 62 even when the trial neck 10 is attached to the reamer.

The proximal end 64 of the reamer may also include a circumferential lip or groove for engagement with an engagement surface of a locking mechanism of the trial neck 10, as described above with respect to fig. 1-7.

As described above, the reamer may include an angled surface to match the engagement surface of the locking mechanism at an angle at which the engagement surface contacts the reamer. The angled surface may include a circumferential (e.g., annular) recess (in much the same way as the lip or groove 70) extending around the reamer. In this way, the contact surface area of the reamer and the engagement surface may be maximized and potential damage to the surface of the reamer (caused by the engagement surface "digging" into the reamer) may be avoided.

As described with respect to fig. 1-7, the trial neck 10 may include one or more external indicia for indicating information regarding the type or size of the trial neck 10.

As previously described, the proximal end 64 of the reamer may be received within the bore 8 for attaching the reamer to the trial neck 10. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the trial neck 10 includes a locking mechanism. A locking mechanism may be used to lock the proximal end 64 of the reamer within the bore 8 to prevent movement of the reamer relative to the trial neck 10 and/or accidental disengagement of the trial neck 10 from the reamer.

The locking mechanism includes a lever 20. The lever 20 has a first end 24, a second end 22, and an engagement surface 26. The first end 24 may be positioned upwardly relative to the engagement surface 26 and the second end 22. The engagement surface 26 may be located on a laterally facing side of the lever 20.

The lever 20 may be pivotally mounted (e.g., at a first end 24 of the lever 20) within the trial neck 10, such as within the body portion 4. In the embodiment shown in fig. 8 to 16, the lever 20 is pivotally mounted within a cavity 90 in the portion of the body portion 4 adjacent the elongate neck 2 and adjacent the aperture 8. At least a portion of the cavity 90 may open into the bore 8 to allow the engagement surface 26 to engage the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60 when received within the bore 8. As previously described, this may allow the engagement surface 26 to contact and push against the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60 to secure the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60 within the bore 8 when the lever 20 is actuated.

The pivot mount 92 may comprise, for example, a screw or bolt that passes through the trial neck 10 in a front-to-rear direction. The pivot mount 92 may pass through a hole in the lever 20 to allow the lever to pivot substantially in the coronal plane.

In some embodiments, the locking mechanism further comprises an actuation member 30. The actuating member 30 may be used to actuate the second end 22 of the lever 20, as will be described in more detail below. The actuating member 30 may be similar to the actuating member 30 described above with respect to the embodiment of fig. 1-7. Thus, the trial neck 10 may have a further aperture 15 within which the actuating member 30 extends. The further aperture 15 may extend substantially parallel to the (longitudinal) neck axis of the elongated neck 2. The other aperture 15 may terminate at a proximal end 16 of the elongate neck 2. The opening of the further aperture 15 at the proximal end 16 of the elongated neck 2 in this embodiment may allow access to the actuating member 30. The proximal end of the actuation member 30 may include a connection feature 32 for connecting a corresponding connection feature 52 of the tool 50 to the actuation member 30 for actuating the actuation member 30. In some embodiments, a trial head attachable to the proximal end 16 of the elongated neck 2 may include an opening or aperture therethrough to provide access to the connection feature 32 for operation of the actuation member 30. For example, a tool 50 may be inserted through an opening or aperture in the trial head to couple the connection feature 52 to the connection feature 32. In some embodiments, the tool 50 may be incorporated into the trial head itself. As with the embodiment of fig. 1-7, the actuating member 30 may include a threaded surface 17 that engages a corresponding internally threaded surface of the other bore 15 such that rotation of the actuating member 30 within the other bore 15 (e.g., using the tool 50) causes the actuating member 30 to move along the other bore 5, thereby operating the lever 20.

For operating the actuating member 30, it is movable along the other aperture 15 (in the direction indicated by arrow "a" in fig. 8, in this embodiment substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated neck 2) towards the second end 22 of the lever 20. Thus, the tip 34 of the actuating member 30 may contact the second end 22 of the lever 20, thereby moving the lever 20. This causes the lever 20 to rotate about the pivot mount 92 (in the direction indicated by arrow "B" in fig. 11). This in turn causes the engagement surface 26 to push (as indicated by the arrow labeled "C" in FIG. 11) against the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular device 60 to lock the proximal end 64 within the bore 8. To release the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular tool 60, the actuating member 30 may be withdrawn along the other aperture 15 (i.e., in a direction opposite to that shown by the arrow labeled "a" in fig. 8, 10 and 11) allowing the lever 20 to pivot back in a direction opposite to that shown by the arrow labeled "B" in fig. 11, thereby disengaging the engagement surface 26 from the proximal end 64.

As described above, in some embodiments, the engagement surface 26 of the lever 20 may be curved. This may allow the engagement surface to substantially mate with the curved outer surface of the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular tool 60. By matching the curved outer surface of the proximal end 64 of the femoral tube instrument 60, the size of the engagement area between the engagement surface 26 and the proximal end 64 may be increased to achieve a more secure connection between the trial neck 10 and the femoral tube instrument 60.

As with the embodiment of fig. 1-7, the locking mechanism described above generally resists movement of the femoral tubular device 60 along the longitudinal axis of the bore 8, thereby preventing inadvertent movement of the trial neck 10 relative to the femoral tubular device 60 and/or preventing inadvertent removal of the proximal end of the femoral tubular device 60 from the bore 8. Also as described above, in some embodiments, the trial neck 10 and/or the femoral tubular device 60 may include features for resisting rotation of the femoral tubular device 60 within the bore 8 (i.e., about the longitudinal axis of the bore 8). It is noted that even without such additional features, the frictional forces associated with pushing the engagement surface 26 against the proximal end of the femoral tubular device 60 may resist rotation of the femoral tubular device 60 within the bore 8 to some extent.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8-16, the inner surface of the bore 8 may have a contoured surface of the type described above (e.g., contoured surface 87) for engagement with a corresponding contoured outer surface (e.g., contoured outer surface 67) of the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular tool 60. As described above, the engagement of these contoured surfaces resists rotation of the femoral head 60 relative to the trial neck 10 about the longitudinal axis of the bore 8/femoral head 60. Also as noted above, it is contemplated that the contoured surface (e.g., contoured surface 87) may be located only on the engagement surface 26.

Likewise, the contoured surface may include correspondingly shaped splines that extend generally parallel to the longitudinal axes of the femoral tubular tool 60 and the bore 8. Other types of contoured surfaces may be used. It is noted that (a portion of) the contoured surface 87 on the engagement surface 26 may form one or more teeth (see, e.g., teeth 27 in fig. 9) that engage with the contoured surface on the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular tool 60.

As described above with respect to the embodiments of fig. 1-7, the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular device 60 may include a circumferential lip or groove for engagement with an engagement surface of a locking mechanism of the trial neck 10.

In this embodiment, the actuating member may be provided with a widened portion 35 intermediate the proximal end of the actuating member 30 and the tip 34. The widened portion 35 may have a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the other hole 15. This may help ensure that the longitudinal axis of the actuating member 30 remains substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the other aperture 15 as the actuating member 30 moves within the other aperture 15. At least some of the other components of the actuating member 30 may have a narrower profile than the profile of the other aperture in order to reduce friction between the actuating member 30 and the other aperture 15.

In this embodiment, the lever 20 may include features for assisting the second end 22 of the lever 20 in engaging the tip 34 of the actuating member 30. Referring to fig. 9 and the cross-sections shown in fig. 8, 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the second end 22 of the lever 20 includes an actuating member receiving opening 96. The actuation member receiving opening 96 is located on the inside of the lever 20 and is positioned such that the tip 32 of the actuation member 30 can slide into the actuation member receiving opening 96 when the actuation member 30 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow labeled "a" in fig. 8, 10 and 11. The actuation member receiving opening 96 may have a funnel-shaped profile to direct the tip 32 toward the inner surface 94. Tip 32 may engage and push against inner surface 94 to actuate lever 20. The inner surface 94 itself may be angled such that when, for example, the engagement surface 26 is engaged with the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular device 60, the surface normal of the inner surface 94 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the actuation member 30. The above-described orientation of the funnel-shaped profile of the actuation member receiving opening 96 and the inner surface 94 may help ensure that there is little or no movement of the actuation member 30 and/or lever 20 out of the coronal plane while the actuation member 30 and lever 20 are being operated.

In some embodiments, features may be included that facilitate proper rotation of the lever 20. For example, features may be provided that prevent the lever 20 from interfering with the insertion/removal of the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular device 60 into/out of the aperture 8. Some examples of such features will now be described with respect to fig. 12-16.

Fig. 12 shows a cross section of a test neck 10 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of fig. 12 is similar in many respects to the embodiments of fig. 8-11, and only substantial differences will be described herein.

In this embodiment, the second end 22 of the lever 20 includes an angled surface 112. The angled surface 112 faces the aperture 8. In use, when the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular device 60 is inserted into the bore 8, the proximal end 64 pushes against and rides on the angled surface 112, causing the lever 20 to pivot in the direction shown by the arrow labeled "D" in fig. 12. This has the effect of moving the engagement surface 26 away from the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular tool 60. This may prevent the lever 20 and in particular the engagement surface 26 from damaging the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60 when inserted into the bore 8.

Although the angled surface 112 has been described with respect to fig. 12, it should be understood that this type of angled surface may be included in any of the embodiments shown in fig. 8-16.

Fig. 13 shows a cross-section of a test neck 10 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of fig. 13 is similar in many respects to the embodiments of fig. 8-12, and only substantial differences will be described herein.

In this embodiment, the lever 20 also includes a biasing element 104. In this embodiment, the biasing element 104 is mounted on the inside of the first end 24 of the lever 20. The first end of the biasing element 104 may push against the inboard side wall 106 of the cavity 90, biasing the lever 20 such that the first end 24 of the lever 20 is biased toward the aperture 8 and the engagement surface 26 is biased away from the aperture 8. In some embodiments, the first end of the biasing element 104 may be received in a blind hole in the inboard side wall of the cavity 90. Similarly, the second end of the biasing element 104 may be received in a blind bore in the first end 24 of the lever 20.

The biasing element 104 is operable to hold the engagement surface 26 away from the aperture 8 prior to actuation of the actuation member 30. This may prevent, for example, the engagement surface 26 from damaging the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60 when inserted into the bore 8.

Although the biasing element 104 has been described with respect to fig. 13, it should be understood that this type of biasing element may be included in any of the embodiments shown in fig. 8-16.

The biasing element in fig. 13 comprises a coil spring. However, it should be understood that other types of biasing elements may be used.

Fig. 14 shows a cross section of a test neck 10 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of fig. 14 is similar in many respects to the embodiments of fig. 8-13, and only substantial differences will be described herein.

In this embodiment, the biasing element 104 comprises a leaf spring, rather than the coil spring described above with respect to fig. 13. As can be seen in fig. 14, the leaf spring may include a meandering pattern. The biasing element 104 in this example may be integrally formed with the lever 20.

Although the (leaf spring) biasing element 104 has been described with respect to fig. 14, it should be understood that this type of biasing element may be included in any of the embodiments shown in fig. 8-16.

Fig. 15 shows a cross section of a test neck 10 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of fig. 15 is similar in many respects to the embodiments of fig. 8-14, and only substantial differences will be described herein.

In this embodiment, the first end 24 of the lever 20 includes a graspable feature 102. In this embodiment, the graspable feature 102 includes a tab that extends upwardly from the body portion 4 to allow it to be manually manipulated by a surgeon. It is contemplated that other forms of grippable features may be used, such as contoured or roughened surfaces or a series of ridges.

The graspable feature 102 may be manually operated by the surgeon to manually actuate the lever 20 to move the engagement surface 26 away from the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular tool 60. In particular, the surgeon may use the graspable feature 102 to rotate the first end 24 of the lever toward the aperture 8 such that the engagement surface 26 pivots away from the aperture 8.

In use, this may allow the surgeon to ensure that the engagement surface 26 does not damage the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60 when inserted into the bore 8. The surgeon may also use the graspable feature 102 to disengage the engagement surface 26 from the proximal end 64 of the femoral tube instrument 60 prior to attempting to remove the proximal end 64 from the bore 8.

Although the graspable feature 102 has been described with respect to fig. 15, it should be understood that this type of graspable feature may be included in any of the embodiments shown in fig. 8-16. In practice, the embodiments shown in fig. 13, 14 and 16 each include such a feature.

Fig. 16 shows a cross section of a test neck 10 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of fig. 16 is similar in many respects to the embodiments of fig. 8-14, and only substantial differences will be described herein.

In this embodiment, the actuation member 30 has a distal end for engagement with the second end 22 of the lever 20 to actuate the lever 20 (at which the tip 32 is located). In this embodiment, the distal end further includes a recess 108. In an embodiment, the recess 108 includes a narrowed portion of the actuating member 30. The second end 22 of the lever 20 also includes a protrusion 95 corresponding to the recess 108.

In this embodiment, as the actuation member 30 moves toward the second end 22 of the lever 20, the proximal edge 110 of the recess 108 contacts the protrusion 95, pushing the engagement surface 26 against (see fig. 16) the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60.

The recess 108 is also operable to pivot the lever 20 such that the engagement surface 26 moves away from the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular device 60 as the actuation member 30 is withdrawn along the other aperture 15. In particular, as the actuation member 30 is withdrawn along the other aperture 15, the distal edge 114 of the recess 108 contacts the protrusion 95, causing the lever 20 to pivot such that the engagement surface 26 moves away from the proximal end 64 of the femoral tube instrument 60.

The recess 108 and corresponding protrusion 95 may thus cooperate to ensure that the engagement surface 26 is disengaged from the proximal end 64 of the strand pipe implement 60 such that the engagement surface 26 does not inhibit removal of the proximal end 64 from the bore 8.

Although the recesses and corresponding protrusions have been described with respect to fig. 16, it should be understood that recesses and corresponding protrusions of this type may be included in any of the embodiments shown in fig. 8-16. In fact, the embodiment shown in fig. 15 includes such features. In particular, in fig. 15, the tip 32 of the actuating member 30 is substantially spherical. This forms a neck located immediately proximal to the tip 32, which constitutes a recess of the type described above. The corresponding protrusion in this embodiment may be formed by a lip of the actuation member receiving opening 96 described above. In this embodiment, as the actuating member 30 is withdrawn along the other aperture 15, the recess formed by the neck may act on the lip of the actuating member receiving opening 96, thereby rotating the engagement surface 26 of the lever 20 away from the femoral canal apparatus 60. Again, this may prevent the engagement surface 26 from abutting the femoral canal instrument 60, which may otherwise inhibit proper removal of the proximal end 64 of the femoral canal instrument 60 from the bore 8.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of attaching a trial neck (e.g., a trial neck 10 of the type described above with respect to fig. 1-16) to a femoral canal appliance (e.g., a reamer 60 or any of the other femoral canal appliances described above) may be provided. The method may include inserting a proximal end 64 of a femoral tubular tool (e.g., reamer 60) into bore 8 of trial neck 10. The method may further include actuating the second end 22 of the lever 20 to push the engagement surface 26 against the proximal end 64 of the femoral tubular tool (e.g., reamer 60).

As described above, the method may include actuating the second end 22 of the lever 20 using an actuating member (e.g., actuating member 30). The method may also include connecting a tool (e.g., tool 50) to the connecting feature 32 of the actuating member 30 for actuating the actuating member 30. When the trial neck 10 is in use, the method may further include viewing the actuating member 30 through a window (e.g., window 12) in the elongated neck 2 of the trial neck 10. The method may further comprise cleaning the test neck 10 before (re) use. The window 12 may facilitate this cleaning by allowing better access to another aperture 15 in which the actuating member 30 may be located.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a surgical kit may be provided. The surgical kit may include a trial neck 10 of the type described above with respect to fig. 1-16. The surgical kit may also include a femoral tube instrument of the type described above (e.g., reamer 60). It is contemplated that the kit may include additional components (e.g., one or more different sized trial necks of the type described above, one or more different types of femoral canal instruments (e.g., different reamers), one or more trial heads, and/or any other components).

Accordingly, a trial neck for hip surgery and a method of attaching a trial neck to a femoral canal appliance have been described. The trial neck includes a body portion including an aperture for receiving a proximal end of a femoral tubular tool. The trial neck further includes an elongated neck portion extending from the body portion. The trial neck further includes a locking mechanism having a lever. The lever has a first end that may be integral with the body portion or may be pivotally mounted. The lever also has a second end. The lever also has an engagement surface that may be intermediate the first end and the second end, or may be at the second end. The second end of the lever is actuatable to push the engagement surface against the proximal end of the strand pipe implement to secure the proximal end of the strand pipe implement within the bore.

Although specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it should be appreciated that many modifications/additions and/or substitutions may be made within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A trial neck for hip surgery, the trial neck comprising:

an elongated neck extending from the body portion;

a locking mechanism comprising a lever having:

a first end;

a second end; and

the surface of the engagement is provided with a surface,

2. The trial neck of claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises an actuation member for engaging the second end of the lever to actuate the lever.

3. The trial neck of claim 2, comprising another bore, wherein the actuation member extends within the other bore.

4. A test neck according to claim 3, wherein the further aperture extends within the elongate neck.

5. The trial neck of claim 4, wherein the other aperture extends generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of the elongated neck.

6. The trial neck of claim 4, wherein a proximal end of the elongated neck has an opening to the other bore, and wherein a proximal end of the actuation member includes a connection feature for connecting a tool to the actuation member to actuate the actuation member.

7. The trial neck of claim 6, wherein the proximal end of the elongated neck is configured to be attached to a trial head.

8. A test neck according to any one of claims 3, wherein:

the other hole has a threaded surface, and

wherein the actuating member includes a threaded surface for engagement with the threaded surface of the other aperture to permit rotation of the actuating member to move the actuating member along the other aperture into engagement with the second end of the lever.

9. A test neck as claimed in any one of claim 3, including a window for viewing the actuating member within the further aperture.

10. The trial neck of claim 1, wherein the first end of the lever is located at a lateral side of the trial neck.

11. The trial neck of claim 1, wherein the engagement surface of the lever is curved to mate with a curved outer surface of the proximal end of the femoral tube instrument.

12. The trial neck of claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the bore has a contoured surface for engagement with a corresponding contoured outer surface of the proximal end of the femoral tube instrument to prevent rotation of the femoral tube instrument relative to the trial neck about a longitudinal axis of the femoral tube instrument.

13. The trial neck of claim 1, wherein the first end of the lever is integral with the body portion, and wherein the engagement surface is intermediate the first end of the lever and the second end of the lever.

14. The trial neck of claim 13, wherein the second end of the lever is located within the elongated neck.

15. The trial neck of claim 13, wherein the lever comprises at least one dog-leg shaped bend.

16. The trial neck according to claim 1, wherein said first end of said lever is pivotally mounted within said trial neck.

17. The trial neck of claim 16, wherein the actuation member has a distal end for engagement with the second end of the lever to actuate the lever, and wherein the distal end includes a recess for engagement with a corresponding protrusion on the second end of the lever to move the engagement surface away from the proximal end of the femoral tube instrument when the actuation member is withdrawn along the other aperture.

18. The trial neck of claim 16, wherein the second end of the lever includes an actuation member receiving opening.

19. The trial neck of claim 16, wherein the first end of the lever includes a graspable feature for manually actuating the lever to move the engagement surface away from the proximal end of the femoral tube instrument.

20. The trial neck of claim 16, wherein the second end of the lever includes an angled surface facing the bore to allow the proximal end of the strand pipe apparatus to ride on the angled surface to pivot the lever to move the engagement surface away from the proximal end of the strand pipe apparatus when the proximal end of the strand pipe apparatus is inserted into the bore.

21. The trial neck of claim 16, wherein the lever further comprises a biasing element for biasing the first end of the lever toward the aperture, thereby biasing the engagement surface away from the aperture.

22. A surgical kit, comprising:

a test neck according to any preceding claim; and

a femoral canal appliance.

23. The kit of claim 22, wherein the femoral tubular appliance is selected from the group consisting of:

a femoral canal preparation instrument, the femoral canal preparation instrument comprising:

reamer, reamer or test rod; and

an implant.

24. The kit of claim 22, wherein the proximal end of the strand pipe implement comprises a circumferential lip or groove for engagement with the engagement surface of the locking mechanism of the trial neck.

25. A method of attaching a trial neck to a femoral canal appliance, the trial neck comprising:

an elongated neck extending from the body portion;

a locking mechanism comprising a lever having:

a first end;

A second end; and

the surface of the engagement is provided with a surface,

wherein the second end of the lever is actuatable to push the engagement surface against the proximal end of the strand pipe implement to secure the proximal end of the strand pipe implement within the bore,

the method comprises the following steps:

inserting the proximal end of the femoral tubular tool into the bore; and

the second end of the lever is actuated to push the engagement surface against the proximal end of the femoral tube instrument.

26. The method of claim 25, comprising engaging an actuation member of the locking mechanism with the second end of the lever to actuate the lever.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein a proximal end of the actuation member includes a connection feature, and wherein the method further comprises connecting a tool to the actuation member, which in turn is connected to the connection feature, for actuating the actuation member.

28. The method of claim 25, further comprising viewing the actuation member through a window in the elongated neck of the trial neck.

29. The method of claim 25, wherein the first end of the lever is integral with the body portion, and wherein the engagement surface is intermediate the first end of the lever and the second end of the lever.

30. The method of claim 25, wherein the first end of the lever is pivotably mounted within the trial neck.