CN117393927A - Prevent lithium cell thermal runaway and spread separation structure, battery module and battery package - Google Patents
Prevent lithium cell thermal runaway and spread separation structure, battery module and battery package Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117393927A CN117393927A CN202311606588.0A CN202311606588A CN117393927A CN 117393927 A CN117393927 A CN 117393927A CN 202311606588 A CN202311606588 A CN 202311606588A CN 117393927 A CN117393927 A CN 117393927A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- thermal runaway
- battery
- heat insulation
- lithium battery
- pcb boards
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUYHQGMDSZOPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-trichlorobiphenyl Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 IUYHQGMDSZOPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal runaway spreading inhibition structure for a lithium battery, a battery module and a battery pack, wherein the thermal runaway spreading inhibition structure for the lithium battery comprises at least one heat insulating plate and a fixed support piece for clamping the heat insulating plate, wherein the fixed support piece is provided with a clamping cavity, one end of the heat insulating plate is fixed in the clamping cavity, the heat insulating plate is made of aerogel, the heat insulating plate is arranged between two adjacent electric cores, in a lithium battery used by an unmanned aerial vehicle, the heat insulating plate manufactured by aerogel is added between the two adjacent single electric cores, the aerogel is used as a main heat insulating material, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the heat insulating plate is arranged between the single electric cores, so that heat generated by the single electric cores in the thermal runaway state is prevented from being transferred to the adjacent electric cores, the thermal runaway spreading is effectively inhibited, and the safety escape time of passengers is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a barrier structure for inhibiting thermal runaway of a lithium battery and a battery module.
Background
At present, a power battery and an onboard battery on an electric unmanned aerial vehicle are all lithium batteries, so that the quantity is large and the energy density is higher and higher. There is concern about the safety of lithium batteries, and thermal runaway is one of the main subjects of lithium battery safety problems.
Thermal runaway of lithium batteries is caused by the fact that the rate of heat generation inside the battery is much higher than the rate of heat dissipation, and the heat is accumulated in a large amount and not dissipated in time. The thermal runaway can be triggered by the lithium battery or by external reasons, when the single battery core of the lithium battery module triggers the thermal runaway, the heating value suddenly increases, and at the moment, the heat can spread to surrounding battery cores to cause thermal runaway damage, so that in order to control the safety of the lithium battery module, the lithium battery module is prevented from being diffused under the thermal runaway to influence the life and property safety of users, and a structure for effectively inhibiting the thermal runaway diffusion is required to be developed urgently so as to improve the safety of the lithium battery module.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a barrier structure for inhibiting thermal runaway of a lithium battery, a battery module and a battery pack, wherein a heat insulation plate of the barrier structure can play a role in thermal barrier to two adjacent single cells, so that heat generated by the single cells in a thermal runaway state is prevented from being transferred to the adjacent cells, and the safety of the lithium battery module is improved.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a suppress lithium cell thermal runaway and spread separation structure, includes at least one heat insulating board and is used for the centre gripping the fixed bolster of heat insulating board, fixed bolster is provided with the centre gripping chamber, the one end of heat insulating board is fixed in the centre gripping intracavity.
Preferably, the material of the heat insulation plate is aerogel.
Preferably, the fixing support member includes two PCB boards and two pins, and the two pins are connected between the two PCB boards at intervals, and define the clamping cavity.
Preferably, two ends of the two pin headers are welded with the two PCB boards respectively.
Preferably, the distance between the two PCB boards is 1.5mm.
Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the heat insulation board are fixed with the two PCB boards through glue.
Preferably, each PCB board has a clamping plate and fixing plates extending from two ends of the clamping plate, the pin header is connected between the fixing plates of the two PCB boards, and the heat insulation board is connected between the clamping plates of the two PCB boards.
The invention also provides a battery module, which comprises a plurality of single battery cells and the structure for inhibiting the thermal runaway from spreading of the lithium battery, wherein the heat insulation plate for inhibiting the thermal runaway from spreading of the lithium battery is arranged between two adjacent single battery cells.
The invention also provides a battery pack which comprises a plurality of battery modules which are arranged in parallel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
in the lithium battery used by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the heat insulation board made of aerogel is added between two adjacent single battery cells, the aerogel is used as a main heat insulation material, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the heat insulation board is arranged between the single battery cells, so that heat generated by the single battery cells in the thermal runaway state is prevented from being transferred to the adjacent battery cells, the thermal runaway is effectively restrained from spreading, and the safety escape time of passengers is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the fixing support of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a heat insulating plate according to the present invention disposed between adjacent unit cells.
In the figure: 10-heat insulating board, 20-fixed support piece, 21-PCB board, 211-clamping cavity, 22-row needle, 21A-fixed plate, 21B-clamping plate, 21C-fretwork portion.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation of a lithium battery provided by the invention comprises at least one heat insulation board 10 and a fixing support 20 for clamping the heat insulation board 10, wherein the fixing support 20 is provided with a clamping cavity 211, one end of the heat insulation board 10 is fixed in the clamping cavity 211, and when the structure is specifically used, the heat insulation board 10 is arranged between two adjacent electric cores, so that heat of a single electric core in a thermal runaway state cannot be transferred to the adjacent electric cores in a short time, the temperature rising rate of the adjacent electric cores is reduced, the propagation of heat is slowed down, the structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation of the lithium battery is provided, and the fixing support 20 is tightly attached to a connecting plate of the electric cores, so that the alignment of the heat insulation board in the assembly process can be maintained.
In this embodiment, the material of the heat insulation board 10 is aerogel, and compared with the traditional flame retardant material, the aerogel has the advantages of light mass density, low heat conductivity, high temperature resistance and the like, and through the characteristic of low heat conductivity, the heat of the out-of-control battery core cannot be transferred to the adjacent battery core in a short time, the temperature rising rate of the adjacent battery core is reduced, the spreading of heat is slowed down, the heat spreading is slowed down, the heat insulation board 10 is prevented from being decomposed at high temperature through the characteristic of high temperature resistance, the heat resistance is lost, and the influence on the volume specific energy and the mass specific energy of the battery module and the battery pack is reduced through the light mass density. Due to the lightweight nature of the aerogel, the use of the fixed support 20 protects the corners of the aerogel from damage.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the fixing support 20 includes two PCB boards 21 and two pins 22, the two pins 22 are connected between the two PCB boards 21 at intervals, and define the clamping cavity 211, the heat insulation board 10 is inserted into the clamping cavity 211 and contacts with the two pins 22, and it is noted that two ends of the two pins 22 are welded with the two PCB boards 21 respectively, so that the weight of the lithium battery module can be reduced as much as possible in a welding and fixing manner.
It should be noted that, the distance between the two PCB boards 21 is between 1.4 mm and 1.8mm, in this embodiment, the distance between the two PCB boards 21 is 1.5mm, the upper and lower surfaces of the heat insulation board 10 are fixed with the two PCB boards 21 through glue, and the heat insulation board 10 is fixed through the fixing support member 20, so that the heat insulation board 10 can be quickly aligned and installed between the adjacent electric cores without damaging the corners of the heat insulation board.
In this embodiment, each PCB 21 has a clamping plate 21B and a fixing plate 21A extending from two ends of the clamping plate 21B, the pin header 22 is connected between the fixing plates 21A of the two PCBs 21, the heat insulation board 10 is connected between the clamping plates 21B of the two PCBs 21, in order to reduce the weight of the battery module, the clamping plates 21B are provided with hollowed portions 21C, and the number of hollowed portions can be selected according to actual needs, so as to reduce the weight of the heat insulation board.
The embodiment also discloses a battery module, as shown in fig. 3, which includes a plurality of single cells 30 and the above-mentioned thermal runaway spreading blocking structure for suppressing lithium battery, wherein the heat insulation board 10 for suppressing the thermal runaway spreading blocking structure for suppressing lithium battery is disposed between two adjacent single cells 30, so as to thermally block the single cells 30, slow down heat transfer, reduce the risk of ignition caused by thermal runaway of the single cells 30, and improve the safety of the battery module.
The embodiment also discloses a battery pack, which comprises a plurality of the battery modules arranged in parallel, wherein the battery modules comprise all technical characteristics of the battery modules, and further comprise all technical characteristics of the barrier structure for inhibiting thermal runaway of the lithium battery, so that the battery pack is not described in detail herein. The heat insulation plate of the battery pack can play a role in heat insulation of the internal single battery cell, and can effectively prevent the propagation of heat in thermal runaway so as to achieve the effect of inhibiting the propagation of the thermal runaway, reduce the risk of ignition in the thermal runaway of the single battery cell and improve the use safety of the battery pack.
According to the lithium battery used by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the heat insulation board manufactured by aerogel is added between two adjacent single battery cells, the aerogel is used as a main heat insulation material, and when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the heat insulation board is arranged between the single battery cells, so that heat generated by the thermal runaway single battery cells is prevented from being transferred to the adjacent battery cells, the thermal runaway is effectively restrained, and the safety escape time of passengers is prolonged.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a inhibit lithium cell thermal runaway and spread separation structure which characterized in that: the heat insulation plate comprises at least one heat insulation plate and a fixed supporting piece used for clamping the heat insulation plate, wherein the fixed supporting piece is provided with a clamping cavity, and one end of the heat insulation plate is fixed in the clamping cavity.
2. The barrier structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation of a lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the insulating panel is aerogel.
3. The thermal runaway prevention barrier structure of claim 1, wherein the fixed support comprises two PCB boards and two pins, the two pins are connected between the two PCB boards at intervals and define the clamping cavity.
4. The barrier structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation of a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the two pins are welded with the two PCB boards respectively.
5. The thermal runaway prevention structure for lithium battery according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the two PCB boards is 1.5mm.
6. The barrier structure for inhibiting thermal runaway propagation of a lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the heat insulation plate are fixed with the two PCB boards by glue.
7. The structure of claim 4, wherein each of the PCB boards has a clamping plate and fixing plates extending from both ends of the clamping plate, the pin header is connected between the fixing plates of the two PCB boards, and the heat insulating plate is connected between the clamping plates of the two PCB boards.
8. A battery module, characterized in that the battery module comprises a plurality of single battery cells and the thermal runaway spreading prevention structure for restraining the lithium battery according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the heat insulation plate for restraining the thermal runaway spreading prevention structure for the lithium battery is arranged between two adjacent single battery cells.
9. A battery pack comprising a plurality of the battery modules according to claim 8 arranged side by side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311606588.0A CN117393927A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Prevent lithium cell thermal runaway and spread separation structure, battery module and battery package |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311606588.0A CN117393927A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Prevent lithium cell thermal runaway and spread separation structure, battery module and battery package |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117393927A true CN117393927A (en) | 2024-01-12 |
Family
ID=89466711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311606588.0A Pending CN117393927A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Prevent lithium cell thermal runaway and spread separation structure, battery module and battery package |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117393927A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-11-28 CN CN202311606588.0A patent/CN117393927A/en active Pending
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