CN117390863A - Modeling analysis method and system for single-phase grounding arc of three-element power distribution network under multiple scenes - Google Patents
Modeling analysis method and system for single-phase grounding arc of three-element power distribution network under multiple scenes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modeling analysis method and a system for single-phase grounding arc of a three-element power distribution network under multiple scenes, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the medium type of the ground fault of the power distribution network, constructing a resistance simulation mathematical model of different mediums in a typical scene of the power distribution network; according to field test data of the grounded arc of the power distribution network, analyzing nonlinear association relation among arc path voltage, arc path current and arc path resistance of a fault branch, and constructing a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation; according to the grounding point equivalent resistance of the fault branch, constructing a ball-gap-based grounding point equivalent resistance equivalent model; and combining the three models to form a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of the medium, the electric arc and the earth. According to the invention, based on the physical characteristics of faults, a three-element comprehensive ground fault model is constructed, so that various elements of the ground fault of the power distribution network can be accurately described, and physical reality is better attached.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network fault detection and protection, in particular to a modeling analysis method and system for single-phase grounding arc of a three-element power distribution network under multiple scenes.
Background
The probability of occurrence of single-phase earth faults of the power distribution network is relatively high in fault types. The single-phase grounding not only affects the normal power supply of a user, but also can generate overvoltage, burn out equipment and even cause interphase short circuit to enlarge accidents. The single-phase grounding protection tripping technology can effectively block fault arc, greatly reduce probability of mountain fire caused by faults, and is a main technical means for preventing mountain fire of the current Sichuan power distribution network. Therefore, the mountain fire prevention effect of the power distribution network is seriously dependent on the quality of single-phase grounding protection performance, and the key means for ensuring the running performance of the single-phase grounding protection device is to select excellent products, discover the logic and performance problems of the device, ensure the consistency of the production and manufacturing performances of the device, relieve the urgent time limit requirements of field installation and debugging and effectively stop the device from entering the network.
In actual field, single-phase earth faults are generally accompanied by arc phenomena, so that current scholars mainly pay attention to arc modeling, and have better progress, such as a Mayr model, a Cassie model, a control theory model and the like, but certain preconditions are applied to the models, such as the Mayr model regards arc path dissipation power as constant, the Cassie model assumes arc path field strength to be constant and the control theory model is improved on the basis of the constant, but the models focus on arc modeling, but neglect fault essence accompanied by arc, namely the fault contains fault media besides the arc.
Therefore, the current single-phase earth fault arc model of the power distribution network is difficult to accurately describe various elements of the earth fault of the power distribution network, and cannot be well attached to physical reality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the current single-phase earth fault arc model of the power distribution network is difficult to accurately describe various elements of the earth fault of the power distribution network, and the physical reality cannot be well attached.
The invention aims to provide a modeling analysis method and a system for single-phase grounding arc of a three-element power distribution network under multiple scenes, wherein firstly, a resistance simulation mathematical model of three mediums, namely, a common locust, a periploca and weeds, which are matched with the main scene of the fault is constructed according to the common fault type of the power distribution network; secondly, considering that the current arc model has theoretical researches under various forms, but cannot describe nonlinear mathematical relations among arc channel voltage, arc channel current and arc channel resistance, so that the arc model has arc voltage distortion, time constant and the rising speed of voltage in an arc dynamic volt-ampere characteristic curve in consideration of the fact that the field ground fault wave recording is more in inverse proportion, but has positive correlation with the magnitude of the arc channel current and positive correlation with the length of an arc channel gap; regarding various phenomena including positive correlation of arc channel conductance (namely the reciprocal of arc channel resistance) and arc channel current, a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation is provided; then, on the basis of the two, a spherical gap grounding point-based equivalent resistance equivalent model constructed based on a concentric hemispherical shell type is provided. Finally, combining the three (medium, arc and earth), the invention can finally construct a three-element power distribution network single-phase earth fault mathematical characterization model scheme adapting to multiple typical scenes. Compared with the existing research on the construction of the model of the electric arc per se, the invention constructs the three-element comprehensive ground fault model based on the physical characteristics of faults, can accurately describe various elements of the ground fault of the power distribution network, and is better in fit physical reality.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a modeling analysis method for single-phase grounding arc of a three-element power distribution network under multiple scenes, which comprises the following steps:
according to the medium type of the ground fault of the power distribution network, constructing a resistance simulation mathematical model of different mediums in a typical scene of the power distribution network in a mathematical fitting mode;
according to field test data of the grounded arc of the power distribution network, analyzing nonlinear association relation among arc path voltage, arc path current and arc path resistance of a fault branch, and constructing a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation; the field test data comprises arc current, arc gap length and arc gap breakdown field intensity;
according to the grounding point equivalent resistance of the fault branch, constructing a ball-gap-based grounding point equivalent resistance equivalent model;
and forming a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of a medium, an electric arc and the ground according to the resistance simulation mathematical model, the nonlinear electric arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation and control and the equivalent resistance equivalent model based on the ball gap grounding point.
Further, the types of media for the ground fault of the distribution network include locust media, bar Liu Jiezhi and weed media.
Further, the resistance simulation mathematical model of the different mediums includes a resistance simulation mathematical model based on a locust medium, a resistance simulation mathematical model based on a bar Liu Jiezhi, and a resistance simulation mathematical model based on a weed medium.
Further, the resistance simulation mathematical model based on the locust media is as follows:wherein: r is R A A resistance that develops over time for a ground fault locust medium; t is time; alpha and beta are regulating parameters for controlling the evolution of the resistance morphology of the medium locust; n is a positive number larger than zero, represents the trend degree of the degradation of the locust medium along with time, and mainly refers to the influence of the change of the internal water content and the dry density of the locust medium under the action of the voltage of a distribution line; t (T) 1 To represent the cutoff time for decay to steady state; r is R A1 Is T is a passing interval 1 Stable resistance of the rear locust media.
Further, the resistance simulation mathematical model based on the bar Liu Jiezhi is:wherein: r is R B A resistance that evolves over time for a ground fault balsalazide medium; t is time; r is R B0 The initial resistance at the time of the ground fault of the lever Liu Jiezhi is mainly related to the body of the lever Liu Jiezhi; m is a trend coefficient representing the decay of the bar Liu Jiezhi with time, and is a positive number greater than zero; r is R B1 At a distance of T 1 A stable resistance of the rear bumper Liu Jiezhi; t (T) 1 For the cutoff time to decay to steady state.
Further, the resistance simulation mathematical model based on the weed medium is as follows: r is R C ＝R Cs +R CG *N(0，σ 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: r is R C A resistance that evolves over time for the weed medium upon a ground fault; r is R Cs The resistance is weed medium body resistance; r is R CG To introduce an influencing factor of the fluctuating interference; n (0, sigma) 2 ) To obey a normal distribution with a mean value of 0 and a standard deviation of sigma.
Further, the nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation is as follows:wherein: g is the arc path conductance of the arc; g s Is steady stateThe conductance of the arc channel; τ s Is a time constant; a is a positive number greater than zero, and the value is between 1.2 and 1.8; b is a negative number smaller than zero, and the value is between-0.2 and-0.6; θ is a constant coefficient with smaller value; i arc Is the arc path current; v (V) sc Voltage drop per centimeter of arc gap, namely arc gap breakdown field intensity; l (L) gap Is the arc gap length; i S Representing the steady-state current amplitude under a small current ground fault.
Further, the mathematical characterization model of the ground fault based on series combination of the medium, the electric arc and the earth is as follows:wherein R is kind A resistance that evolves over time for a medium of a power distribution network ground fault; the amount depends on the type of medium of the ground fault of the distribution network, three typical scenarios mentioned in the present invention, R for locust medium kind ＝R A For bar Liu Jiezhi, R kind ＝R B And for weed media R kind ＝R C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the g is the arc path conductance of the arc; r is R G And the ground resistance is equivalent to the ground resistance after the fault point is passed through.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a three-element power distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis system under multiple scenes, and the system is used for realizing the three-element power distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method under multiple scenes; the system comprises:
the medium resistance model construction unit is used for constructing resistance simulation mathematical models of different mediums in a typical scene of the power distribution network in a mathematical fitting mode according to the medium type of the ground fault of the power distribution network;
the arc conductance model construction unit is used for analyzing nonlinear association relations among arc channel voltage, arc channel current and arc channel resistance of a fault branch according to field test data of the grounded arc of the power distribution network and constructing a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation; the field test data comprises arc current, arc gap length and arc gap breakdown field intensity;
the earth resistance model construction unit is used for constructing an equivalent resistance model based on the ball gap grounding point according to the grounding point earth equivalent resistance of the fault branch;
the three-section type series model construction unit is used for forming a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of a medium, an electric arc and the earth according to a resistance simulation mathematical model, a nonlinear electric arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation and control and a ball gap grounding point equivalent resistance equivalent model.
Further, the mathematical characterization model of the ground fault based on series combination of the medium, the electric arc and the earth is as follows:wherein R is kind A resistance that evolves over time for a medium of a power distribution network ground fault; the amount depends on the type of medium of the ground fault of the distribution network, three typical scenarios mentioned in the present invention, R for locust medium kind ＝R A For bar Liu Jiezhi, R kind ＝R B And for weed media R kind ＝R C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the g is the arc path conductance of the arc; r is R G And the ground resistance is equivalent to the ground resistance after the fault point is passed through.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a modeling analysis method and a system for single-phase grounding arc of a three-element power distribution network under multiple scenes. Firstly, constructing a resistance simulation mathematical model of a fit test of the resistances of the mediums of three typical fault scenes of locust, periploca barbiea and weeds; and secondly, a nonlinear arc model regulated and controlled by combining a plurality of parameters such as pressure drop of each centimeter of an arc gap, a time constant, an arc gap length and the like is established, and the distortion characteristics of voltage and current under an arc shape can be represented to a certain extent. Then, for the earth equivalent resistance of the entry point, a mathematical model of the earth equivalent resistance is constructed by combining a concentric hemispherical shell mode and adopting integration. Finally, three parts of a typical medium, an arc and a ground equivalent resistor are combined, and a three-element nonlinear ground fault equivalent model of medium, arc and ground is formed in a series integration mode. Compared with the existing research on the construction of the model of the electric arc per se, the invention constructs the three-element comprehensive ground fault model based on the physical characteristics of the fault, can better fit physical reality, and finally shows that the simulation result constructed according to the model: the model can better describe the phenomenon of zero rest of the electric arc, can also characterize the nonlinear change characteristic of the equivalent resistance time change under the time-lapse, and can help production scientific researchers to grasp the physical rule behind the ground fault phenomenon to a certain extent so as to provide more revelation and strengthen the supporting effect on production.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a modeling analysis method for single-phase grounding arcs of a three-element power distribution network in a multi-scenario;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the modeling of the equivalent resistance of the earth in combination with a hemispherical shell according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of lever Liu Dianzu variation obtained in connection with field testing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the resistance change of locust acquired in connection with a field test in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of weed resistance variation obtained in connection with field trials in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of bar Liu Dianzu variation obtained in accordance with simulation of a locust medium-based resistance simulation mathematical model in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of resistance change of locust obtained by simulation according to a bar Liu Jiezhi-based resistance simulation mathematical model;
FIG. 8 is a graph of weed resistance variation obtained in accordance with a simulation of a weed-medium-based resistance simulation mathematical model in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the variation of arc path voltage, arc path current and arc path resistance of an arc in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of fault logging of a time-varying ground fault recorded by a field test of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of the variation of arc path voltage, path current and path resistance of an arc path as contemplated by the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis system of a three-element power distribution network in a multi-scenario.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In actual field, single-phase earth faults are generally accompanied by arc phenomena, so that current scholars mainly pay attention to arc modeling, and have better progress, such as a Mayr model, a Cassie model, a control theory model and the like, but certain preconditions are applied to the models, such as the Mayr model regards arc path dissipation power as constant, the Cassie model assumes arc path field strength to be constant and the control theory model is improved on the basis of the two models, but the models focus on arc modeling, neglect the fault essence accompanied by arc, and cause that the current single-phase earth fault arc model of the power distribution network is difficult to accurately describe various elements of the power distribution network earth faults, and cannot be well attached to physical reality.
However, faults contain fault media in addition to arcs, and the media have a great influence on modeling of single-phase grounded arcs of the power distribution network; if the tree line fault comprises three parts of arc, big tree and earth, three factors need to be considered in the complete ground fault modeling. Although it is impossible to build a good three-element model for all media in practice, it is particularly necessary to consider three-element power distribution network fault modeling in a typical scenario, and it is extremely important to help deepen the understanding of the arc by the power distribution network professionals and further take effective fault handling measures.
Therefore, the invention designs a three-element distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method under multiple scenes, firstly, according to the common fault types of the distribution network, a common locust, willow and weed three-medium resistance simulation mathematical model which fits the main scenes of the fault is constructed; secondly, considering that the current arc model has theoretical researches under various forms, but cannot describe nonlinear mathematical relations among arc channel voltage, arc channel current and arc channel resistance, so that the arc model has arc voltage distortion, time constant and the rising speed of voltage in an arc dynamic volt-ampere characteristic curve in consideration of the fact that the field ground fault wave recording is more in inverse proportion, but has positive correlation with the magnitude of the arc channel current and positive correlation with the length of an arc channel gap; regarding various phenomena including positive correlation of arc channel conductance (namely the reciprocal of arc channel resistance) and arc channel current, a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation is provided; then, on the basis of the two, a spherical gap grounding point-based equivalent resistance equivalent model constructed based on a concentric hemispherical shell type is provided. Finally, combining the three (medium, arc and earth), the invention can finally construct a three-element power distribution network single-phase earth fault mathematical characterization model scheme adapting to multiple typical scenes. Compared with the existing research on the construction of the model of the electric arc per se, the invention constructs the three-element comprehensive ground fault model based on the physical characteristics of faults, can accurately describe various elements of the ground fault of the power distribution network, and is better in fit physical reality.
The simulation result finally constructed according to the model also shows that: the model provided by the invention can better describe the phenomenon of zero break of electric arc, can also characterize the nonlinear change characteristic of equivalent resistance time change under the action of time pushing, and can help production scientific researchers to grasp the physical rule behind the ground fault phenomenon to a certain extent so as to provide more revelation and strengthen the supporting effect on production.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the method for modeling and analyzing the single-phase grounding arc of the three-element power distribution network in the multi-scenario comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a convenient and usable resistance simulation mathematical model of different media under a typical scene of the power distribution network in a mathematical fitting mode according to the type of the media of the power distribution network ground fault, and meeting the follow-up standardized detection test of the ground fault identification function of the network access ground line selection equipment.
In particular, the types of media for the ground faults of the distribution network in three typical scenarios include locust media, bars Liu Jiezhi and weed media.
In particular, the resistance simulation mathematical model of different mediums includes a resistance simulation mathematical model based on locust medium, a resistance simulation mathematical model based on bar Liu Jiezhi, and a resistance simulation mathematical model based on weed medium.
First, the resistance simulation mathematical model based on locust media is:wherein: r is R A A resistance that develops over time for a ground fault locust medium; t is time; alpha and beta are regulating parameters for controlling the evolution of the resistance morphology of the medium locust; n is a positive number larger than zero, represents the trend degree of the degradation of the locust medium along with time, and mainly refers to the influence of the change of the internal water content and the dry density of the locust medium under the action of the voltage of a distribution line; t (T) 1 To represent the cutoff time for decay to steady state; r is R A1 Is T is a passing interval 1 Stable resistance of the rear locust media.
In general, as shown in fig. 3, the resistive body of the locust medium exhibits a linear attenuation relationship, but also has an exponential sliding trend along with a certain attenuation with time, after a period of contact carbonization, the water content of a local part of the medium contacting the conductor is evaporated due to the effect of current temperature rise, but the rest part of the medium away from the conductor is basically unchanged, so that the medium finally exhibits a stable state.
Second, the resistance simulation mathematical model based on the bar Liu Jiezhi is:wherein: r is R B A resistance that evolves over time for a ground fault balsalazide medium; t is time; r is R B0 The initial resistance at the time of the ground fault of the lever Liu Jiezhi is mainly related to the body of the lever Liu Jiezhi; m is a trend coefficient representing the decay of the bumper Liu Jiezhi with timeIs a positive number greater than zero; r is R B1 At a distance of T 1 A stable resistance of the rear bumper Liu Jiezhi; t (T) 1 For the cut-off time to decay to steady state.
In general, as shown in fig. 4, the resistance of the grounded dielectric salix shows a state of change along with exponential decay, after a period of contact carbonization, the water content of a part of the dielectric contacting the conductor can be evaporated due to the effect of current temperature rise, but the rest part of the dielectric away from the conductor is basically unchanged, so that the dielectric is in a stable state finally.
Thirdly, a resistance simulation mathematical model based on weed medium is as follows: r is R C ＝R Cs +R CG *N(0，σ 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: r is R C A resistance that evolves over time for the weed medium upon a ground fault; r is R Cs The resistance is weed medium body resistance; r is R CG To introduce an influencing factor of the fluctuating interference; n (0, sigma) 2 ) To obey a normal distribution with a mean value of 0 and a standard deviation of sigma.
In general, as shown in fig. 5, the main body of the fault resistance of the medium such as weeds which obey the characteristics shows stability, but can show a change state of floating up and down along with time, mainly the medium weeds can show unstable contact with a power wire when being influenced by wind power and wind direction, and in addition, the medium itself is obviously changed by burning and carbonizing in the contact process, and mainly the basic resistance of the medium itself is an order of magnitude smaller than that of other crown and branch mediums.
According to a resistance simulation mathematical model based on the locust medium, a resistance change curve chart of the locust obtained through simulation is shown in fig. 6; the graph of the change of the bar Liu Dianzu obtained by simulation is shown in fig. 7 according to the resistance simulation mathematical model based on the bar Liu Jiezhi; the weed resistance change graph obtained by simulation is shown in fig. 8 according to the weed medium-based resistance simulation mathematical model.
S2, analyzing nonlinear association relations among arc path voltage, arc path current and arc path resistance of a fault branch according to field test data of the grounded arc of the power distribution network (as shown in fig. 9), and constructing a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation; the field test data comprises arc current, arc gap length and arc gap breakdown field intensity;
specifically, the nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation is as follows:wherein: g is the arc path conductance of the arc; g s Arc path conductance at steady state; τ s Is a time constant; a is a positive number greater than zero, and the value is between 1.2 and 1.8; b is a negative number smaller than zero, and the value is between-0.2 and-0.6; θ is a constant coefficient with smaller value; i arc Is the arc path current; v (V) sc Voltage drop per centimeter of arc gap, namely arc gap breakdown field intensity; l (L) gap Is the arc gap length; i S Representing the steady-state current amplitude under a small current ground fault.
In the nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation and control, the time constant tau s The method is used for regulating and controlling the arc channel zero-break phenomenon, which is related to arc channel current and arc channel gap length, wherein the larger the current is, the more the arc channel tends to be in a stable form, and the limit condition is metallic ground fault; the larger the arc gap length is, the higher the arc breakdown voltage threshold is, and the more severe the arc forming condition is; the larger the two values are, the larger the representative time constant is, the smaller the value is, the more obvious the zero-break phenomenon is, the higher the threshold for arc-break and arcing is, and the easier the arc-extinguishing condition is met.
Arc path conductance G s The arc path is more easy to break down and stable when the arc path current is larger, the arc gap breakdown field intensity is larger, and the arc gap length is smaller, wherein the arc path current, the arc gap breakdown field intensity and the arc gap length are related, the arc gap voltage drop per centimeter is not constant, the arc gap voltage drop is also changed with time, and the parameter can be selected to take parameters in a gridding mode in consideration of the engineering practicability of the model.
S3, constructing a ball-gap-based grounding point equivalent resistance equivalent model according to the grounding point equivalent resistance of the fault branch;
specifically, based on a spherical gap grounding point equivalent resistance equivalent model, the grounding device is mainly inspired by lightning protection of a grounding device of a power system, when short-circuit current or lightning current flows in the grounding device, the grounding current is diffused to the periphery in a current field form through the grounding device, and when the grounding current is power frequency, the grounding current is called power frequency diffusion current; when the ground current is a rush current, it is referred to as a rush diffusion current. Since earth is not an ideal conductor, it has a certain resistivity and the earth current will create a voltage drop along the earth. Assuming that the earth resistivity is ρ and the current density in the earth is δ, there is necessarily an electric field distribution in the earth, and the electric field strength thereof is e=δρ. The ground resistance is actually the resistance exhibited by the soil as it diffuses through the ground. According to fig. 2, the ground resistance corresponds to a series connection of resistances dividing the soil outside the electrode into numerous concentric hemispheres having a certain thickness.
Let the initial radius of the hemispherical ground be r 0 The current dissipated to earth via the ground is I, and assuming that earth is a uniform conductor of resistivity ρ, the hemispherical shell resistance dR at a distance r from the center of the sphere should be:
the above indicates the ground resistance R G In proportion to the resistivity, the maximum initial radius r of zero potential corresponding to the contact surface of the fault medium and the earth 0 Inversely proportional. Specifically, for a more wet cobble, the resistivity ρ=2000 Ω·m is between the ground point and the distance r from zero potential 0 =0.078 meters, the initial value of the ground resistance is between 4082 ohms. In fact, as the earth fault current varies, the earth resistivity also varies to some extent, and should generally be decaying, but its effect on earth resistance is quite small, so the coefficient of decay goes to a negative number of quite small absolute value. On the basis, a damping change model R of the grounding resistance can be constructed G Will be corrected as:wherein t is time, and the value of C is actually determined by combining the medium type.
And s4, forming a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of a medium, an electric arc and the earth according to the resistance simulation mathematical model, the nonlinear electric arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation and control and the equivalent resistance equivalent model based on the ball gap grounding point.
The mathematical characterization model of the ground fault based on series combination of the medium, the electric arc and the earth is as follows:wherein R is kind A resistance that evolves over time for a medium of a power distribution network ground fault; the amount depends on the type of medium of the ground fault of the distribution network, three typical scenarios mentioned in the present invention, R for locust medium kind ＝R A For bar Liu Jiezhi, R kind ＝R B And for weed media R kind ＝R C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And R is A 、R B And R is C See step S1 for the calculation mode of (a); g is the arc path conductance of the arc; r is R G And the ground resistance is equivalent to the ground resistance after the fault point is passed through.
By combining the formulas, the earth fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of the medium, the arc and the earth can be found to contain R kind 、And R is G Three parts, which are also referred to as three elements in the invention.
In specific implementation, a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of a medium, an electric arc and the earth is constructed by depending on a PSCAD simulation platform, and simulation parameters of an overhead line and a cable line are related as shown in a table 1:
as shown in fig. 10, the fault record of the time-varying ground fault recorded by the field test includes eight channels from top to bottom, namely an a-phase voltage, a B-phase voltage, a C-phase voltage, a zero-sequence voltage, an a-phase current, a B-phase current, a C-phase current and a zero-sequence current channel, and the zero-sequence current is gradually increased; the simulation result of the ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of the medium, the arc and the earth is similar to that of the second arc path current path in fig. 11 (the curve chart of the change of arc path voltage, arc path current and arc path resistance considering time variation).
The invention mainly aims at fully combining the characteristics of the ground fault of the power distribution network, and forming a resistance equivalent model of series connection of medium, electric arc and ground. Firstly, constructing a resistance simulation mathematical model of a fit test of the resistances of the mediums of three typical fault scenes of locust, periploca barbiea and weeds; and secondly, a nonlinear arc model regulated and controlled by combining a plurality of parameters such as pressure drop of each centimeter of an arc gap, a time constant, an arc gap length and the like is established, and the distortion characteristics of voltage and current under an arc shape can be represented to a certain extent. Then, for the earth equivalent resistance of the entry point, a mathematical model of the earth equivalent resistance is constructed by combining a concentric hemispherical shell mode and adopting integration. Finally, three parts of a typical medium, an arc and a ground equivalent resistor are combined, and a three-element nonlinear ground fault equivalent model of medium, arc and ground is formed in a series integration mode. Compared with the existing research on the construction of the model of the electric arc per se, the invention constructs the three-element comprehensive ground fault model based on the physical characteristics of the fault, can better fit physical reality, and finally shows that the simulation result constructed according to the model: the model can better describe the phenomenon of zero rest of the electric arc, can also characterize the nonlinear change characteristic of the equivalent resistance time change under the time-lapse, and can help production scientific researchers to grasp the physical rule behind the ground fault phenomenon to a certain extent so as to provide more revelation and strengthen the supporting effect on production.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 12, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the present embodiment provides a three-element power distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis system in multiple scenarios, which is used to implement the three-element power distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method in multiple scenarios of embodiment 1; the system comprises:
the medium resistance model construction unit is used for constructing resistance simulation mathematical models of different mediums in a typical scene of the power distribution network in a mathematical fitting mode according to the medium type of the ground fault of the power distribution network;
the arc conductance model construction unit is used for analyzing nonlinear association relations among arc channel voltage, arc channel current and arc channel resistance of a fault branch according to field test data of the grounded arc of the power distribution network and constructing a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation; the field test data comprises arc current, arc gap length and arc gap breakdown field intensity;
the earth resistance model construction unit is used for constructing an equivalent resistance model based on the ball gap grounding point according to the grounding point earth equivalent resistance of the fault branch;
the three-section type series model construction unit is used for forming a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of a medium, an electric arc and the earth according to a resistance simulation mathematical model, a nonlinear electric arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation and control and a ball gap grounding point equivalent resistance equivalent model.
In this embodiment, the mathematical characterization model of the ground fault based on the series combination of the medium, the arc and the earth is:wherein R is kind A resistance that evolves over time for a medium of a power distribution network ground fault; the amount depends on the type of medium of the ground fault of the distribution network, three typical scenarios mentioned in the present invention, R for locust medium kind ＝R A For bar Liu Jiezhi, R kind ＝R B And for weed media R kind ＝R C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the g is the arc path conductance of the arc; r is R G And the ground resistance is equivalent to the ground resistance after the fault point is passed through.
The execution process of each unit is performed according to the flow steps of the three-element power distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method in the multi-scenario of embodiment 1, and in this embodiment, no detailed description is given.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The modeling analysis method for the single-phase grounding arc of the three-element power distribution network under the multi-scene is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the medium type of the ground fault of the power distribution network, constructing a resistance simulation mathematical model of different mediums in a typical scene of the power distribution network;
according to field test data of the grounded arc of the power distribution network, analyzing nonlinear association relation among arc path voltage, arc path current and arc path resistance of a fault branch, and constructing a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation; the field test data comprises arc current, arc gap length and arc gap breakdown field intensity;
according to the grounding point equivalent resistance of the fault branch, constructing a ball-gap-based grounding point equivalent resistance equivalent model;
and forming a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of a medium, an electric arc and the earth according to the resistance simulation mathematical model, the nonlinear electric arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation and control and the equivalent resistance equivalent model based on the ball gap grounding point.
2. The multi-scenario three-element distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the medium types of the distribution network grounding faults comprise locust medium, bar Liu Jiezhi and weed medium.
3. The multi-scenario three-element distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method according to claim 2, wherein the resistance simulation mathematical model of different mediums comprises a resistance simulation mathematical model based on locust mediums, a resistance simulation mathematical model based on bars Liu Jiezhi and a resistance simulation mathematical model based on weed mediums.
4. The modeling analysis method and system for single-phase grounding arc of three-element distribution network under multiple scenes according to claim 3, wherein the resistance simulation mathematical model based on locust medium is:wherein: r is R A A resistance that develops over time for a ground fault locust medium; t is time; alpha and beta are regulating parameters for controlling the evolution of the resistance morphology of the medium locust; n is a positive number larger than zero, represents the trend degree of the degradation of the locust medium along with time, and means that the locust medium is influenced by the change of the internal water content and the dry density of the locust medium under the action of the voltage of a distribution line; t (T) 1 To represent the cutoff time for decay to steady state; r is R A1 Is T is a passing interval 1 Stable resistance of the rear locust media.
5. The multi-scenario three-element power distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method according to claim 3, wherein the resistance simulation mathematical model based on the bar Liu Jiezhi is as follows:
wherein: r is R B A resistance that evolves over time for a ground fault balsalazide medium; t is time; r is R B0 An initial resistance at the time of the ground fault for the lever Liu Jiezhi, which is related to the body of the lever Liu Jiezhi; m is a trend coefficient representing the decay of the bar Liu Jiezhi with time, and is a positive number greater than zero; r is R B1 At a distance of T 1 A stable resistance of the rear bumper Liu Jiezhi; t (T) 1 For the cutoff time to decay to steady state.
6. The method for modeling and analyzing single-phase grounding arc of three-element distribution network in multiple scenes according to claim 3, wherein the resistance based on weed mediumThe simulation mathematical model is as follows: r is R C ＝R CS +R CG *N(0,σ 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: r is R C A resistance that evolves over time for the weed medium upon a ground fault; r is R CS The resistance is weed medium body resistance; r is R CG To introduce an influencing factor of the fluctuating interference; n (0, sigma) 2 ) To obey a normal distribution with a mean value of 0 and a standard deviation of sigma.
7. The multi-scenario three-element power distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation is:wherein: g is the arc path conductance of the arc; g s Arc path conductance at steady state; τ s Is a time constant; a is a positive number greater than zero, and the value is between 1.2 and 1.8; b is a negative number smaller than zero, and the value is between-0.2 and-0.6; θ is a constant coefficient; i arc Is the arc path current; v (V) sc Voltage drop per centimeter of arc gap, namely arc gap breakdown field intensity; l (L) gap Is the arc gap length; i S Representing the steady-state current amplitude under a small current ground fault.
8. The modeling analysis method for single-phase grounding arc of three-element distribution network under multiple scenes according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical characterization model for grounding faults based on series combination of medium, arc and earth is as follows:wherein R is kind A resistance that evolves over time for a medium of a power distribution network ground fault; g is the arc path conductance of the arc; r is R G And the ground resistance is equivalent to the ground resistance after the fault point is passed through.
9. The system is used for realizing the modeling analysis method of the single-phase grounding arc of the three-element power distribution network under the multiple scenes according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the system comprises:
the medium resistance model construction unit is used for constructing resistance simulation mathematical models of different mediums in a typical scene of the power distribution network according to the medium type of the ground fault of the power distribution network;
the arc conductance model construction unit is used for analyzing nonlinear association relations among arc channel voltage, arc channel current and arc channel resistance of a fault branch according to field test data of the grounded arc of the power distribution network and constructing a nonlinear arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation; the field test data comprises arc current, arc gap length and arc gap breakdown field intensity;
the earth resistance model construction unit is used for constructing an equivalent resistance model based on the ball gap grounding point according to the grounding point earth equivalent resistance of the fault branch;
the three-section type series model construction unit is used for forming a ground fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of a medium, an electric arc and the earth according to the resistance simulation mathematical model, the nonlinear electric arc conductance mathematical model based on multi-parameter regulation and control and the equivalent resistance model based on the ball gap grounding point.
10. The multi-scenario three-element distribution network single-phase grounding arc modeling analysis system according to claim 9, wherein the grounding fault mathematical characterization model based on series combination of medium, arc and earth is:wherein R is kind A resistance that evolves over time for a medium of a power distribution network ground fault; g is the arc path conductance of the arc; r is R G And the ground resistance is equivalent to the ground resistance after the fault point is passed through.
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