CN117390733B - Method and system for designing high-speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure - Google Patents
Method and system for designing high-speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing a buffer structure of a tunnel portal of a high-speed railway, which comprises the following steps: s1, designing a sample working condition tunnel portal buffer structure parameter; performing numerical simulation monitoring on sample working conditions to obtain a preselected numerical item serving as a scalar field; s2, obtaining a POD mode according to numerical simulation and scalar fields based on a POD reconstruction principle; predicting the POD modal coefficients under different buffer structures according to the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and the POD modes; s3, reconstructing scalar field data under different buffer structures according to the POD mode and the POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures, and recording a reconstructed scalar field data set; s4, optimizing scalar field data in the reconstructed scalar field data set to obtain optimal scalar field data; and obtaining optimal tunnel opening buffer structure parameters according to the optimal scalar field data reverse analysis, and designing a tunnel opening buffer structure. The invention also provides a system for executing the method for designing the high-speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway tunnel engineering, in particular to a method and a system for designing a high-speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure.
Background
When the head of the high-speed train passes through the tunnel, an initial compression wave is formed in the tunnel due to the limitation of the wall surface of the tunnel, the initial compression wave propagates to the tunnel outlet at the sound velocity, and when the initial compression wave propagates to the tunnel outlet, part of the initial compression wave can radiate to the outside of the tunnel in a pulse manner, so that strong micro-air pressure waves are generated, and serious adverse effects are generated on the buildings around the tunnel opening and the life of local residents.
The buffer structure is one of the most effective modes for relieving the micro-air pressure wave, and the design of parameters and specifications of the buffer structure has very important significance for effectively relieving the micro-air pressure wave, and at present, students at home and abroad commonly adopt the traditional numerical simulation and moving die test method to study the buffer structure parameters of the railway tunnel, but the buffer structure is greatly dependent on experience and professional knowledge of designers, and a great amount of time and resources are consumed to design ideal buffer structure parameters. In recent years, a reverse design method based on POD (proper orthogonal decomposition, eigen orthogonal decomposition) starts to be applied to ventilation parameter design in buildings and vehicles, and the method has significant advantages in design efficiency compared with the traditional design method, but the current application scenario of the reverse design method based on POD is mostly for indoor environment of steady-state working condition, and micro-air pressure wave generated by a high-speed train through a tunnel has obvious strong nonlinear transient characteristics, and the two have substantial differences in original data, so the reverse design method based on POD applied in buildings and cabins at present cannot be directly applied to design of railway tunnel junction buffer structures.
Therefore, it is needed to propose a POD reconstruction design method for the railway tunnel portal buffer structure parameters, so as to significantly improve the design efficiency and greatly save the design cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for designing a buffer structure of a tunnel portal of a high-speed railway, which are used for solving the problems of low design efficiency, high cost and the like of the traditional design method and maximally realizing the alleviation of micro-air pressure waves of the tunnel portal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a method for designing a buffer structure of a tunnel portal of a high-speed railway, which comprises the following steps:
S1, designing tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of M groups of sample working conditions, wherein M is a positive integer; performing numerical simulation on sample working conditions and monitoring preselected numerical items to serve as a scalar field;
S2, obtaining a POD mode according to numerical simulation and scalar fields based on a POD reconstruction principle; according to tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and POD modes, predicting POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures;
S3, reconstructing scalar field data under different buffer structures according to the POD mode and the POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures, and recording the scalar field data as a reconstructed scalar field data set;
S4, optimizing scalar field data in the reconstructed scalar field data set to obtain optimal scalar field data; and according to the optimal scalar field data, reversely analyzing to obtain optimal tunnel opening buffer structure parameters, and designing a buffer structure of the high-speed railway tunnel opening by using the optimal tunnel opening buffer structure parameters.
Preferably, the preselected numerical terms include at least the following two alternatives:
The first alternative is: micro-air pressure wave data at a preset position in the tunnel portal;
The second alternative is: pressure gradient data at a preset location within the tunnel greater than the length of the vehicle.
Preferably, the method further comprises: designing tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of N groups of test working conditions, wherein N is a positive integer; performing numerical simulation on the test working conditions and monitoring preselected numerical items to serve as a test scalar field; recording the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of the test working conditions and the test scalar field as test set working conditions;
After the scalar field data under different buffer structures are reconstructed in the S3, testing the reconstructed scalar field data by using a test set working condition, and verifying whether the accuracy of a reconstruction result meets the standard:
Testing the reconstructed scalar field data by using a test scalar field in a test set working condition, and if the decision coefficients between the test scalar field in the test set working condition and the reconstructed scalar field data are not less than 0.98 and the amplitude deviation is not more than 2%, considering that the accuracy of the reconstructed scalar field data meets the requirement, and entering S4;
If the accuracy of the reconstructed scalar field data does not meet the requirement, increasing the value of M, namely increasing the number of sample working conditions, and entering S1.
Preferably, the optimizing process includes:
when the pre-selected numerical value item selects micro-air pressure wave data at a preset position in the tunnel portal, optimizing to find the minimum value of the amplitude of the micro-air pressure wave data;
when the pre-selected numerical item selects pressure gradient data at a preset position greater than the length of the vehicle in the tunnel, optimizing is performed to find the minimum value of the amplitude of the pressure gradient data.
Preferably, in S2, obtaining the POD modality from the numerical simulation and the scalar field includes: obtaining an optimal orthogonal basis function delta of the scalar field according to the numerical simulation and the scalar field, wherein the optimal orthogonal basis function delta is a POD mode;
the optimal orthogonal basis function δ can be obtained by projecting scalar field data U onto the eigenvector v of its covariance matrix S:
δ＝Uv
Wherein the covariance matrix S can be expressed as:
wherein m represents the number of samples, and T represents the matrix transposition;
Ordering the POD modes in delta according to the size of a characteristic value lambda of the characteristic vector v, namely the first mode to the m-th mode;
Projecting the covariance matrix S on the ordered delta to obtain a corresponding modal coefficient matrix c under the orthogonal working condition, wherein c=Sdelta;
in S2, an interpolation function is used to predict a modal coefficient matrix c of the scalar field under different buffer structure parameters in the sample condition.
Preferably, predicting the POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures according to the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and the POD modes includes:
And establishing an association relation between the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and the POD modal coefficients by using an interpolation function, and predicting the POD modal coefficients under different buffer structure parameters according to the association relation.
Preferably, in S1, when performing numerical simulation on the sample condition and monitoring the preselected numerical term as a scalar field, the scalar field may be expressed as a matrix:
Wherein U represents scalar field data, m represents sample working condition group number, n represents time step of numerical calculation, and i and j represent indexes of sample working condition and time step respectively.
Preferably, in S3, reconstructing scalar field data under different buffer structures according to the POD mode and POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures includes:
sequentially multiplying and accumulating the first k POD modes with POD mode coefficients under a certain buffer structure parameter, and obtaining a reconstruction result of a scalar field under the corresponding buffer structure parameter:
wherein u r represents a scalar field prediction result under the r reconstruction working condition, k represents a POD mode for reconstruction, The mode coefficient corresponding to the ith POD mode under the nth reconstruction working condition is represented, and delta i represents the ith POD mode.
Preferably, in S4, after obtaining the optimal scalar field data, according to the buffer structure parameter corresponding to the optimal scalar field data, designing the verification working condition a, and calculating the scalar field data of the verification working condition a through numerical simulation; comparing the optimal scalar field data with scalar field data of the verification working condition A, and comparing the difference between the optimal scalar field data based on POD reconstruction and the scalar field data based on numerical simulation, thereby verifying and ensuring the accuracy of the optimal scalar field data based on POD reconstruction.
The invention also provides a system for designing the cache structure of the tunnel portal of the high-speed railway, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes any step of the method when executing the computer program.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the rapid design method of the high-speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure, a numerical calculation method is combined with a POD reconstruction method, scalar field data under buffer structure parameters corresponding to different POD modal coefficients are reconstructed by combining numerical simulation and a POD reconstruction principle, optimization is carried out from the scalar field data, and then optimal tunnel portal buffer structure parameters are obtained through reverse analysis, so that the method effectively combines the POD reconstruction principle, all possible working conditions do not need to be subjected to numerical simulation, only scalar field data reconstructed based on the POD principle are required to be optimized, corresponding tunnel portal buffer structure parameters are reversely analyzed, a large amount of time and resources are saved, and the design applies the POD reconstruction principle to the railway tunnel engineering field with strong nonlinear transient characteristics.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a train through which a tunnel of an equal section expansion type buffer structure is installed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a tunnel with an installed constant-section expansion type buffer structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the headroom of a constant section enlarged buffer structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the results of the micro-pressure wave of the method of the present invention and the numerical calculation method for testing condition 1 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the results of the micro-pressure wave of the method of the present invention and the numerical calculation method for testing condition 2 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the results of the micro-pressure wave of the method of the present invention with the results of the numerical calculation method for the preferred buffer structure parameters of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are:
1. A train; 2. a constant cross section expansion type buffer structure; 3. and (5) a tunnel.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the invention can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for designing a buffer structure of a tunnel portal of a high-speed railway, including the steps of:
S1, designing tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of M groups of sample working conditions, wherein M is a positive integer; performing numerical simulation on sample working conditions and monitoring preselected numerical items to serve as a scalar field;
The preselected numerical terms include at least the following two alternatives:
The first alternative is: micro-air pressure wave data at a preset position in the tunnel portal;
The second alternative is: pressure gradient data at a preset location within the tunnel greater than the length of the vehicle.
In S1, when the sample condition is numerically simulated and the preselected numerical term is monitored as a scalar field, the scalar field may be expressed in the form of a matrix:
Wherein U represents scalar field data, m represents sample working condition group number, n represents time step of numerical calculation, and i and j represent indexes of sample working condition and time step respectively.
The tunnel portal buffer structure parameters are designed to include the variety of parameters (such as length, area, aperture ratio) and range limitations of parameter values.
S2, obtaining a POD mode according to numerical simulation and scalar fields based on a POD reconstruction principle; according to tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and POD modes, predicting POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures;
In S2, deriving the POD modality from the numerical simulation and the scalar field includes: obtaining an optimal orthogonal basis function delta of the scalar field according to the numerical simulation and the scalar field, wherein the optimal orthogonal basis function delta is a POD mode;
the optimal orthogonal basis function δ can be obtained by projecting scalar field data U onto the eigenvector v of its covariance matrix S:
δ＝Uv
Wherein the covariance matrix S can be expressed as:
wherein m represents the number of samples, and T represents the matrix transposition;
Ordering the POD modes in delta according to the size of a characteristic value lambda of the characteristic vector v, namely the first mode to the m-th mode;
Projecting the covariance matrix S on the ordered delta to obtain a corresponding modal coefficient matrix c under the orthogonal working condition, wherein c=Sdelta;
in S2, an interpolation function is used to predict a modal coefficient matrix c of the scalar field under different buffer structure parameters in the sample condition.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, predicting the POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures according to the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and the POD modes includes:
Establishing an association relation between tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and POD modal coefficients by using an interpolation function, and predicting the POD modal coefficients under different buffer structure parameters according to the association relation;
in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the interpolation function selects the modified Akima cubic Hermite interpolation model, so that the reconstruction result accuracy is higher and more accurate.
S3, reconstructing scalar field data under different buffer structures according to the POD mode and the POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures, and recording the scalar field data as a reconstructed scalar field data set;
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of N groups of test working conditions are also designed, and N is a positive integer; performing numerical simulation on the test working conditions and monitoring preselected numerical items to serve as a test scalar field; recording the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of the test working conditions and the test scalar field as test set working conditions;
After the scalar field data under different buffer structures are reconstructed in the S3, testing the reconstructed scalar field data by using a test set working condition, and verifying whether the accuracy of a reconstruction result meets the standard or not specifically comprises the following steps:
Testing the reconstructed scalar field data by using a test scalar field in a test set working condition, and if the decision coefficients between the test scalar field in the test set working condition and the reconstructed scalar field data are not less than 0.98 and the amplitude deviation is not more than 2%, considering that the accuracy of the reconstructed scalar field data meets the requirement, and entering S4;
If the accuracy of the reconstructed scalar field data does not meet the requirement, increasing the value of M, namely increasing the number of sample working conditions, and entering S1.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the result of the scheme is very accurate by setting the test set working condition for testing whether the reconstructed scalar field data meets the standard.
In S3, reconstructing scalar field data under different buffer structures according to the POD modes and POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures includes:
sequentially multiplying and accumulating the first k POD modes with POD mode coefficients under a certain buffer structure parameter, and obtaining a reconstruction result of a scalar field under the corresponding buffer structure parameter:
wherein u r represents a scalar field prediction result under the r reconstruction working condition, k represents a POD mode for reconstruction, The mode coefficient corresponding to the ith POD mode under the nth reconstruction working condition is represented, and delta i represents the ith POD mode.
S4, optimizing scalar field data in the reconstructed scalar field data set to obtain optimal scalar field data; and according to the optimal scalar field data, reversely analyzing to obtain optimal tunnel opening buffer structure parameters, and designing a buffer structure of the high-speed railway tunnel opening by using the optimal tunnel opening buffer structure parameters.
In S4, after obtaining the optimal scalar field data, designing a verification working condition A according to buffer structure parameters corresponding to the optimal scalar field data, and calculating scalar field data of the verification working condition A through numerical simulation; comparing the optimal scalar field data with scalar field data of the verification working condition A, and comparing the difference between the optimal scalar field data based on POD reconstruction and the scalar field data based on numerical simulation, thereby verifying and ensuring the accuracy of the optimal scalar field data based on POD reconstruction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a system for designing a cache structure of a tunnel portal of a high-speed railway, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing any step of the method of the present invention when executing the computer program.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, see fig. 2, a constant section enlarged buffer structure (2) parameter design is used as an embodiment, wherein the running speed of the train (1) is 400km/h, and the length of the tunnel (3) is 500m. Design parameters include the constant cross-section enlarged buffer structure (2) length L1 (see fig. 3) and the headroom area S1 (see fig. 4).
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the micro-air pressure wave data at a preset position in the tunnel portal is selected as the scalar field.
And obtaining a sample working condition result of the tunnel portal micro-air pressure wave of the train (1) with the speed of 400km per hour through 15 different buffer structure parameters through numerical calculation simulation, wherein the sample calculation working condition is shown in a table 1. And carrying out POD reconstruction on the micro-air pressure wave data obtained in the sample working condition, wherein the POD reconstruction intervals of S1 and L1 are 5m 2 and 1m respectively, and 775 reconstruction working conditions can be obtained.
Table 1 sample calculation conditions
Test condition 1 (s1=230m 2, l1=20m) and test condition 2 (s1=268m 2, l1=25m) were selected as two test conditions in order to test the reliability and feasibility of the POD reconstruction result. Fig. 5 and 6 show differences between the micro-pressure wave data obtained by the method and the micro-pressure wave data obtained by numerical calculation under the test working condition 1 and the test working condition 2 respectively.
As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, both test conditions show that the decision coefficient R 2 of the prediction result and the data calculation result of the method provided by the invention is greater than 0.99, and the deviation of the micro-air pressure wave amplitude is also less than 1%. The next reverse optimization, namely min (MPW i max), can be performed, and the minimum value of the micro-air pressure wave data amplitude is obtained.
The preferred buffer structure parameters are obtained through reverse optimization, are s1=250m 2 and l1=27m, and numerical calculation is carried out on the preferred buffer structure to further verify the accuracy and reliability of the preferred buffer structure parameters obtained through reverse optimization. Fig. 7 compares the difference between the micro-air pressure wave result obtained by the POD reconstruction method provided by the present invention and the result obtained by the numerical calculation method under the preferred buffer structure parameters, and it can be found that the determination coefficient R 2 of the two is greater than 0.99 and the deviation of the micro-air pressure wave amplitude is less than 2%, which indicates that the rapid design of the railway tunnel buffer structure by the POD reconstruction method provided by the present invention is feasible and accurate, and has higher prediction precision.
According to the rapid design method of the high-speed railway buffer structure based on POD reconstruction, provided by the invention, 775 working conditions can be rapidly reconstructed through 15 sample working conditions, and further the optimal buffer result parameters can be reversely solved. For this embodiment, each operating condition takes approximately 6 hours for numerical calculations, and 4650 hours for 775 operating conditions. The fast design method of the high-speed railway buffer structure based on POD reconstruction provided by the invention has the advantages that the time required by the POD reconstruction is only about 0.5 hour, the time required by the early sample working condition is added to 75 hours, and the total time is only 75.5 hours. Compared with the traditional numerical calculation method, the rapid design method of the high-speed railway buffer structure based on POD reconstruction can save about 98% of design time, can remarkably improve the design efficiency of the railway tunnel portal buffer structure, and greatly reduces the design cost.
According to the high-speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure design method, a numerical calculation method is combined with a POD reconstruction method, the high-speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure rapid design method based on POD reconstruction is provided, scalar field data under buffer structure parameters corresponding to different POD modal coefficients are reconstructed by combining numerical simulation and POD reconstruction principle, optimization is carried out from the scalar field data, and then optimal tunnel portal buffer structure parameters are obtained through reverse analysis, so that the method effectively combines the POD reconstruction principle, all possible working conditions are not required to be subjected to numerical simulation, only scalar field data based on the POD principle reconstruction is required to be optimized, and corresponding tunnel portal buffer structure parameters are reversely analyzed, so that a great amount of time and resources are saved, and the POD reconstruction principle is designed to be applied to the railway tunnel engineering field with strong nonlinear transient characteristics. In conclusion, the feasibility and the accuracy of the invention applied to the high-speed railway buffer structure are verified.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for designing the buffer structure of the tunnel portal of the high-speed railway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, designing tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of M groups of sample working conditions, wherein M is a positive integer; performing numerical simulation on sample working conditions and monitoring preselected numerical items to serve as a scalar field; designing tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of N groups of test working conditions, wherein N is a positive integer; performing numerical simulation on the test working conditions and monitoring preselected numerical items to serve as a test scalar field; recording the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters of the test working conditions and the test scalar field as test set working conditions;
the pre-selected numerical terms include the following two schemes:
the first scheme is as follows: micro-air pressure wave data at a preset position in the tunnel portal;
the second scheme is as follows: pressure gradient data at a preset position greater than the length of the vehicle in the tunnel;
when numerical simulation is carried out on sample working conditions and preselected numerical items are monitored to be used as a scalar field, the scalar field is expressed as a matrix:
wherein U represents scalar field data, m represents sample working condition group number, n represents time step of numerical calculation, and i and j represent indexes of sample working condition and time step respectively;
S2, obtaining a POD mode according to the numerical simulation and the scalar field based on a POD reconstruction principle; predicting POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures according to the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and the POD modes;
Obtaining the POD modality from the numerical simulation and scalar field includes: obtaining an optimal orthogonal basis function delta of a scalar field according to the numerical simulation and the scalar field, wherein the optimal orthogonal basis function delta is a POD mode;
The optimal orthogonal basis function delta is obtained by projecting scalar field data U on a eigenvector v of a covariance matrix S of the scalar field data U:
δ＝Uv
Wherein the covariance matrix S is expressed as:
wherein m represents the number of samples, and T represents the matrix transposition;
Ordering the POD modes in delta according to the size of a characteristic value lambda of the characteristic vector v, namely the first mode to the m-th mode;
Projecting the covariance matrix S on the ordered delta to obtain a corresponding modal coefficient matrix c under the orthogonal working condition, wherein c=Sdelta;
predicting a modal coefficient matrix c of a scalar field under different buffer structure parameters in a sample working condition by using an interpolation function;
according to the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and the POD modes, predicting the POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures comprises:
establishing an association relation between the tunnel portal buffer structure parameters and the POD modal coefficients by using an interpolation function, and predicting the POD modal coefficients under different buffer structure parameters according to the association relation;
s3, reconstructing scalar field data under different buffer structures according to the POD mode and the POD mode coefficients under different buffer structures, and recording a reconstructed scalar field data set; testing the reconstructed scalar field data by using the test set working condition, and verifying whether the accuracy of the reconstruction result meets the standard;
The step of reconstructing scalar field data under different buffer structures according to the POD mode and POD mode coefficients under the different buffer structures includes:
Sequentially multiplying and accumulating the first k POD modes with POD mode coefficients under a certain buffer structure parameter to obtain a reconstruction result of a scalar field under the corresponding buffer structure parameter:
wherein u r represents a scalar field prediction result under the r reconstruction working condition, k represents a POD mode for reconstruction, Representing a mode coefficient corresponding to an ith POD mode under the nth reconstruction working condition, wherein delta i represents the ith POD mode;
and testing the reconstructed scalar field data by using the test set working condition, and verifying whether the accuracy of the reconstruction result meets the standard or not comprises the following steps:
testing the reconstructed scalar field data by using the test scalar field in the test set working condition, and if the decision coefficients between the test scalar field in the test set working condition and the reconstructed scalar field data are not less than 0.98 and the amplitude deviation is not more than 2%, considering that the accuracy of the reconstructed scalar field data meets the requirement, and entering S4;
if the accuracy of the reconstructed scalar field data does not meet the requirement, increasing the value of M, namely increasing the number of sample working conditions, and entering S1;
S4, optimizing the scalar field data in the reconstructed scalar field data set to obtain optimal scalar field data; according to the optimal scalar field data, reversely analyzing to obtain optimal tunnel opening buffer structure parameters, and designing a buffer structure of a high-speed railway tunnel opening by using the optimal tunnel opening buffer structure parameters;
The optimizing process comprises the following steps:
when the pre-selected numerical value item selects micro-air pressure wave data at a preset position in the tunnel portal, optimizing to find the minimum value of the amplitude of the micro-air pressure wave data;
And when the pre-selected numerical item selects the pressure gradient data at the preset position which is larger than the length of the vehicle in the tunnel, optimizing to find the minimum value of the amplitude of the pressure gradient data.
2. The method for designing the buffer structure of the tunnel portal of the high-speed railway according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, after the optimal scalar field data is obtained, a verification working condition A is designed according to buffer structure parameters corresponding to the optimal scalar field data, and scalar field data of the verification working condition A is calculated through numerical simulation; comparing the optimal scalar field data with the scalar field data of the verification working condition A, and comparing the difference between the optimal scalar field data based on POD reconstruction and the scalar field data based on numerical simulation, thereby verifying and ensuring the accuracy of the optimal scalar field data based on POD reconstruction.
3. A high speed railway tunnel portal buffer structure design system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of the preceding claims 1 and 2 when executing the computer program.
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