CN117388467A - 考虑剪切应力的夹持装置、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置 - Google Patents

考虑剪切应力的夹持装置、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置 Download PDF

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CN117388467A
CN117388467A CN202311443904.7A CN202311443904A CN117388467A CN 117388467 A CN117388467 A CN 117388467A CN 202311443904 A CN202311443904 A CN 202311443904A CN 117388467 A CN117388467 A CN 117388467A
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shear stress
groove
hydrocarbon
clamping device
source rock
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梁明亮
冯兴强
张凯逊
谭元隆
董敏
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INSTITUTE OF GEOMECHANICS CHINESE ACADEMY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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INSTITUTE OF GEOMECHANICS CHINESE ACADEMY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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Priority to CN202311443904.7A priority Critical patent/CN117388467A/zh
Priority to US18/407,418 priority patent/US20240148176A1/en
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Abstract

本公开提供了一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置。夹持装置用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，其包括：第一夹块，第一夹块具有大致平行的第一面和第二面；其中，第一面设有凸出部；第二夹块，第二夹块具有大致平行的第三面和第四面；其中，第三面设有与凸出部形状匹配的凹槽；当凸出部嵌入凹槽内时，凸出部嵌入完整凹槽，且凹槽大致不存在空隙。本公开提供的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置通过在第一夹块增加凸出部、在第二夹块上设置凹槽，在实际使用过程中，将烃源岩样品放置在凸出部和凹槽之间，即可对夹持其间的烃源岩样品产生相应的剪切应力，实验过程中考虑力化学作用的生烃模拟实验更接近地质实际，温度‑时间补偿效应降低。

Description

考虑剪切应力的夹持装置、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置
技术领域
本公开涉及模拟实验装置技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置。
背景技术
在油气资源地质勘探和开发的科学研究过程中，常利用烃源岩生烃模拟实验来获得油气资源潜力，烃源岩生排烃反应釜是生排烃模拟实验装置的核心构件。近年来，随着相关科学技术的进步，各类温压条件、开放式、密闭式、高温高压、黄金管式等生烃模拟实验装置和技术发展迅速。但各类生烃模拟实验反应釜主要考虑温度因素、静岩压力变化条件下的烃源岩化学变化，这些结构的反应釜显然具有如下不足：未考虑对地质条件下富有机质软弱烃源岩遭受的剪切应力因素及有机质机械力化学反应。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置，能够解决上述提到的至少一个技术问题。具体方案如下：
根据本公开的具体实施方式，一方面，本公开提供一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，包括：第一夹块，所述第一夹块具有大致平行的第一面和第二面；其中，第一面设有凸出部；第二夹块，所述第二夹块具有大致平行的第三面和第四面；其中，第三面设有与所述凸出部形状匹配的凹槽；当所述凸出部嵌入所述凹槽内时，所述凸出部嵌入完整所述凹槽，且所述凹槽大致不存在空隙。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一夹块为圆柱形结构，所述凸出部设于所述圆柱形结构中的一面；所述第二夹块为圆柱形结构，所述凹槽设于所述圆柱形结构中的一面。
在一可选实施例中，所述凸出部为锥形结构，所述凸出部靠近所述第一面的截面大于远离所述第一面的截面。
在一可选实施例中，所述凸出部为圆锥形结构。
在一可选实施例中，所述圆锥形结构的锥角范围在0-180°之间
在一可选实施例中，所述第一夹块沿中心轴线开设有第一通孔；所述第二夹块沿中心轴线开设有第二通孔。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一通孔的直径为：1-2mm；所述第二通孔的直径为：1-2mm。
根据本公开的具体实施方式，另一方面，本公开提供一种模拟斧，用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，包括：如上述技术方案任一项中任一项所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置。
在一可选实施例中，所述考虑剪切应力的夹持装置为多个。
根据本公开的具体实施方式，又一方面，本公开提供一种烃源岩生烃模拟装置，包括：如上述技术方案任一项中所述的模拟斧。
本公开实施例的上述方案与现有技术相比，至少具有以下有益效果：
本公开提供的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置通过在第一夹块增加凸出部、在第二夹块上设置凹槽，在实际使用过程中，将烃源岩样品放置在凸出部和凹槽之间，即可对夹持其间的烃源岩样品产生相应的剪切应力，实验过程中考虑力化学作用的生烃模拟实验更接近地质实际，温度-时间补偿效应降低。
附图说明
图1是相关技术中的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置示意图。
图2示出了根据本公开一实施例中的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置示意图。
图3示出了根据本公开另一实施例中的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置示意图。
图4示出了根据本公开一实施例中的第二面示意图。
图5示出了根据本公开一实施例中的第四面示意图。
图6示出了根据本公开一实施例中的模拟斧示意图。
附图标记：
10：考虑剪切应力的夹持装置；
100：第一夹块；110：第一面；120：第二面；130：凸出部；140：第一通孔；
200：第二夹块；210：第三面；220：第四面；230：凹槽；240：第二通孔。
900：相关技术中的夹持装置。
具体实施方式
为了使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本公开作进一步地详细描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本公开。在本公开实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义，“多种”一般包含至少两种。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
应当理解，尽管在本公开实施例中可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述……，但这些……不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将……区分开。例如，在不脱离本公开实施例范围的情况下，第一……也可以被称为第二……，类似地，第二……也可以被称为第一……。
取决于语境，如在此所使用的词语“如果”、“若”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测”。类似地，取决于语境，短语“如果确定”或“如果检测(陈述的条件或事件)”可以被解释成为“当确定时”或“响应于确定”或“当检测(陈述的条件或事件)时”或“响应于检测(陈述的条件或事件)”。
还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的商品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种商品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的商品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
图1是相关技术中的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置示意图。
如图1所示，在烃源岩生烃模拟装置领域中，相关技术中的烃源岩生烃模拟装置仅考虑压力或正应力，烃源岩样品夹持室一般为上下采用平滑垫片，垂直加压，此时烃源岩样品受力方向，法向应力等于最大主应力，剪切应力角度为0，剪切应力几乎为0。地质实际中，理想情况下相对平坦区域，地壳中岩石主应力被假定为平行于地表并垂直于地表排列，考虑地壳中岩石结构面发育，特别是受构造活动影响的沉积盆地中，富有机质烃源岩软弱岩层结构倾斜面、非均质倾斜面或断层面发育，面上法向应力与水平主应力存在夹角，剪切应力τ普遍不为0。需要试验装置样品水平受力考虑剪切应力的夹持装置与地质条件下富有机质烃源岩结构面发育、剪应力复杂的实际不符，不能反映地质实际应力条件下生烃环境。
为了能够解决上述提到的至少一个技术问题，本公开提供了一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置，所述考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，所述考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10可以包括：第一夹块100，所述第一夹块100具有大致平行的第一面110和第二面120；其中，第一面110设有凸出部130；第二夹块200，所述第二夹块200具有大致平行的第三面210和第四面220；其中，第三面210设有与所述凸出部130形状匹配的凹槽230；当所述凸出部130嵌入所述凹槽230内时，所述凸出部130嵌入完整所述凹槽230，且所述凹槽230大致不存在空隙。实际地质条件下，特别是构造复杂区地质条件下，富有机质烃源岩不只受到静岩压力及正应力影响，更受到剪切应力影响，有机质不仅发生热化学反应，也在剪切应力作用下发生力化学反应，从而实现生排烃过程。现在各类生烃模拟实验釜均未重视力化学生烃过程，采用上下平行加持件垂直烃源岩样品加压方式，主要模拟静岩压力和正应力条件下对烃源岩生烃的影响，也忽视了剪切应力的影响。本公开提供的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10通过在第一夹块100增加凸出部130、在第二夹块200上设置凹槽230，在实际使用过程中，将烃源岩样品放置在凸出部130和凹槽230之间，即可对夹持其间的烃源岩样品产生相应的剪切应力，实验过程中考虑力化学作用的生烃模拟实验更接近地质实际，温度-时间补偿效应降低。
下面结合附图详细说明本公开的可选实施例。
图2示出了根据本公开一实施例中的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10示意图。图3示出了根据本公开另一实施例中的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置示意图。如图2和图3所示，根据本公开的具体实施方式，一方面，提供了一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10，用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，其特征在于，可以包括：第一夹块100，所述第一夹块100具有大致平行的第一面110和第二面120；其中，第一面110设有凸出部130；第二夹块200，所述第二夹块200具有大致平行的第三面210和第四面220；其中，第三面210设有与所述凸出部130形状匹配的凹槽230；当所述凸出部130嵌入所述凹槽230内时，所述凸出部130嵌入完整所述凹槽230，且所述凹槽230大致不存在空隙。本公开提供的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10通过在第一夹块100增加凸出部130、在第二夹块200上设置凹槽230，在实际使用过程中，将烃源岩样品放置在凸出部130和凹槽230之间，即可对夹持其间的烃源岩样品产生相应的剪切应力，实验过程中考虑力化学作用的生烃模拟实验更接近地质实际，温度-时间补偿效应降低。在使用过程中，如图6所示，所述第一夹块100的所述第一面110朝向所述第二夹块200，所述第二夹块200的所述第三面210朝向所述第一夹块100，烃源岩装配于所述凸出部130与所述凹槽230之间，在一可选实施例中，所述烃源岩一面与所述凸出部130匹配(放置在所述凸出部130的一端)，所述烃源岩的另一面与所述凹槽230匹配(放置在所述凹槽230内)。
在一些实施例中，所述第一夹块100为圆柱形结构，所述凸出部130设于所述圆柱形结构中的一面。在一可选实施例中，所述第二夹块200为圆柱形结构，所述凹槽230设于所述圆柱形结构中的一面。现有生烃装置夹持器及夹持舱室一般为圆柱形，考虑兼容性，本装置为圆柱形。2、上下夹块之间所有样品点的剪切力一致性，一般应为圆柱圆锥形。目前，相关技术中的烃源岩生烃模拟装置所匹配的夹持器和夹持舱室一般为圆柱形，考虑兼容性，本装置为圆柱形。上下夹块之间所有样品点的剪切力一致性，一般应为圆柱圆锥形。
在一些实施例中，所述凸出部130为锥形结构，所述凸出部130靠近所述第一面110的截面大于远离所述第一面110的截面。
在一些实施例中，所述凸出部130为圆锥形结构。
在一些实施例中，所述圆锥形结构的锥角范围在0-180°之间，所述圆锥形结构的锥角大于0°且小于180°。在一可选实施例中，所述圆锥形结构的锥角大于0°且小于等于90°。具体的，根据剪切应力计算公式：
其中，α为圆锥结构中高线与面的夹角，即锥角的一半，地质条件下，考虑地壳中的一个面，面上的法向应力用σn表示，剪切应力为τ表示，法向应力与主应力轴的夹角为α或θ表示，σ1和σ3分别代表最大主应力和最小主应力。这里剪切应力主要受法向应力与主应力夹角α影响，α范围在0-45°，即锥角在0-90°之间；与α范围在45-90°，即锥角在90-180°之间的剪切应力是相同的(因为例如sin60°＝sin120°，sin30°＝sin150°)原则上优选值锥角0-90度即可，但是从专利保护角度，应覆盖另一半相同科学原理的角度。效果上：当α＝45°，即锥角＝90°时，叠加剪切应力为最大，力化学效果最强，比传统平行加持剪切力＝0，及其它角度模拟实验结果，样品热演化程度更高，物理化学结构差异显著。需要说明的是，本公开的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置可以设计为多角度的套件，通过采用不同所述圆锥形结构的锥角的夹持装置，可以模拟不同剪切角度的工况，获得不同剪切应力条件暨不同地质构造应力角度下烃源岩演化的丰富的差异性、提升模拟实验的真实性和准确性，使其更贴近复杂构造区实际地质条件。考虑剪切应力作用的生烃模拟实验更接近地质实际，温度-时间补偿效应降低。
图4示出了根据本公开一实施例中的第二面示意图。图5示出了根据本公开一实施例中的第四面示意图。如图4和图5所示，在一些实施例中，所述第一夹块100沿中心轴线开设有第一通孔140；所述第二夹块200沿中心轴线开设有第二通孔240。
在一些实施例中，所述第一通孔140的直径为：1-2mm；所述第二通孔240的直径为：1-2mm。具体的，所述第一通孔140的直径为：0mm(即不设所述第一通孔140)或1-2mm；所述第二通孔240的直径为：0mm(即不设所述第二通孔240)或1-2mm。通孔为0时，代表的是封闭体系生烃模拟系统，通孔为1-2mm时，代表开放系统，为温压生烃过程中生成的流体排出通道。
图6示出了根据本公开一实施例中的模拟斧示意图。
如图6所示，根据本公开的具体实施方式，另一方面，提供了一种模拟斧，所述模拟斧用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，可以包括：如上述实施例中任一项所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10。
在一些实施例中，所述考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10为多个。
根据本公开的具体实施方式，又一方面，提供了一种烃源岩生烃模拟装置，可以包括：如上述实施例中任一项所述的模拟斧。
本公开旨在保护一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置，所述考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，所述考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10可以包括：第一夹块100，所述第一夹块100具有大致平行的第一面110和第二面120；其中，第一面110设有凸出部130；第二夹块200，所述第二夹块200具有大致平行的第三面210和第四面220；其中，第三面210设有与所述凸出部130形状匹配的凹槽230；当所述凸出部130嵌入所述凹槽230内时，所述凸出部130嵌入完整所述凹槽230，且所述凹槽230大致不存在空隙。实际地质条件下，特别是构造复杂区地质条件下，富有机质烃源岩不只受到静岩压力及正应力影响，更受到剪切应力影响，有机质不仅发生热化学反应，也在剪切应力作用下发生力化学反应，从而实现生排烃过程。现在各类生烃模拟实验釜均未重视力化学生烃过程，采用上下平行加持件垂直烃源岩样品加压方式，主要模拟静岩压力和正应力条件下对烃源岩生烃的影响，也忽视了剪切应力的影响。本公开提供的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置10通过在第一夹块100增加凸出部130、在第二夹块200上设置凹槽230，在实际使用过程中，将烃源岩样品放置在凸出部130和凹槽230之间，即可对夹持其间的烃源岩样品产生相应的剪切应力，实验过程中考虑剪切应力作用的生烃模拟实验更接近地质实际，温度-时间补偿效应降低。
应当理解的是，本公开的上述具体实施方式仅仅用于示例性说明或解释本公开的原理，而不构成对本公开的限制。因此，在不偏离本公开的精神和范围的情况下所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。此外，本公开所附权利要求旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求范围和边界、或者这种范围和边界的等同形式内的全部变化和修改例。

Claims (10)

1.一种考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，其特征在于，包括：
第一夹块，所述第一夹块具有大致平行的第一面和第二面；其中，第一面设有凸出部；
第二夹块，所述第二夹块具有大致平行的第三面和第四面；其中，第三面设有与所述凸出部形状匹配的凹槽；当所述凸出部嵌入所述凹槽内时，所述凸出部嵌入完整所述凹槽，且所述凹槽大致不存在空隙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，其特征在于，
所述第一夹块为圆柱形结构，所述凸出部设于所述圆柱形结构中的一面；
所述第二夹块为圆柱形结构，所述凹槽设于所述圆柱形结构中的一面。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，其特征在于，
所述凸出部为锥形结构，所述凸出部靠近所述第一面的截面大于远离所述第一面的截面。
4.根据权利要求3所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，其特征在于，
所述凸出部为圆锥形结构。
5.根据权利要求4所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，其特征在于，
所述圆锥形结构的锥角范围在0-180°之间。
6.根据权利要求2所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，其特征在于，
所述第一夹块沿中心轴线开设有第一通孔；
所述第二夹块沿中心轴线开设有第二通孔。
7.根据权利要求2所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置，其特征在于，
所述第一通孔的直径为：1-2mm；
所述第二通孔的直径为：1-2mm。
8.一种模拟斧，用于烃源岩生烃模拟装置，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的考虑剪切应力的夹持装置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的模拟斧，其特征在于，
所述考虑剪切应力的夹持装置为多个。
10.一种烃源岩生烃模拟装置，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求9所述的模拟斧。
CN202311443904.7A 2023-10-31 2023-11-02 考虑剪切应力的夹持装置、模拟斧及烃源岩生烃模拟装置 Pending CN117388467A (zh)

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