CN117387387A - Waste heat recovery device and method for high-temperature slag - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery device and method for high-temperature slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN117387387A CN117387387A CN202311419137.6A CN202311419137A CN117387387A CN 117387387 A CN117387387 A CN 117387387A CN 202311419137 A CN202311419137 A CN 202311419137A CN 117387387 A CN117387387 A CN 117387387A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 282
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010795 gaseous waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010024796 Logorrhoea Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
- F27D3/1545—Equipment for removing or retaining slag
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat recovery device and a waste heat recovery method for high-temperature slag, and the waste heat recovery device comprises a waste heat recovery cavity, wherein one side of the waste heat recovery cavity is provided with a slag inlet, the other side of the waste heat recovery cavity is provided with a flue gas outlet, a gaseous waste heat recovery device is arranged in the waste heat recovery cavity between the slag inlet and the flue gas outlet, a slag hopper is arranged at the bottom of the waste heat recovery cavity, a space is arranged between the inlet of the slag hopper and the slag inlet, a solid slag waste heat recovery device is arranged in the slag hopper, at least one group of wind crushing nozzles are arranged in the waste heat recovery cavity below the slag inlet, the effective air outlet range of the wind crushing nozzles covers the slag outlet range of the slag inlet, and the wind crushing nozzles are upwards arranged and face one side of the slag hopper.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of industrial wastes, in particular to a waste heat recovery device and a waste heat recovery method for high-temperature slag.
Background
In nonferrous metallurgy and iron and steel smelting, a large amount of smelting slag is generated, wherein the heat taken away by high-temperature slag accounts for 30-60% of the total heat of a smelting furnace, and the heat taken away by each ton of slag is equivalent to the heat of complete combustion of about 60kg of standard coal. From the viewpoint of energy conservation and emission reduction, the waste heat recovery work of the smelting slag is an indispensible primary task. At present, the waste heat recovery of smelting flue gas has been industrialized, but the waste heat recovery of smelting high-temperature slag has not been industrialized due to the excessive high operation cost of slag waste heat recovery, and the waste heat of slag in most smelting plants is not fully and reasonably recycled.
At present, liquid high-temperature slag smelted by a pyrogenic process mainly comprises two treatment modes of water quenching and wind crushing, wherein in the actual generation process, most of factories adopt a water quenching process to treat the liquid high-temperature slag, the high-temperature slag can be used as a raw material of cement after water quenching, a large amount of sensible heat resources of the slag are wasted, and in the water quenching process, sulfur-containing steam is discharged, so that environmental pollution is caused; the water quenched slag also needs to be dried in the cement manufacturing process, which inevitably causes resource waste.
The wind crushing method is also studied by a plurality of expert, for example, a blast furnace slag heat recovery system is proposed in patent number CN201210356346.6, molten slag is granulated by adopting high-pressure air, and granulated slag particles pass through a fluidized bed and collide with slag particles sprayed out of the fluidized bed to form smaller slag. However, the method is complex in structure and complex in procedure, and because the design of the method is to adopt a high-pressure fan to granulate slag, the investment of waste heat recovery and the running cost are increased. For example, CN202211247419.8 proposes a novel blast furnace slag waste heat recovery and storage device and method, which adopts a revolving cup to granulate slag, then adopts molten salt to exchange heat, and then exchanges heat with steam, and the method can cause a great deal of heat loss in the process of multiple heat exchanges. Therefore, the two slag waste heat recovery methods have large investment and high running cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the defects of the prior art and provides a waste heat recovery device and a waste heat recovery method for high-temperature slag, which are used for improving waste heat recovery efficiency and reducing equipment investment and operation cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention firstly provides a waste heat recovery device for high-temperature slag, which comprises a waste heat recovery cavity, wherein one side of the waste heat recovery cavity is provided with a slag inlet, the other side of the waste heat recovery cavity is provided with a flue gas outlet, a gaseous waste heat recovery device is arranged in the waste heat recovery cavity and between the slag inlet and the flue gas outlet, a slag outlet hopper is arranged at the bottom of the waste heat recovery cavity, a solid slag waste heat recovery device is arranged in the slag outlet hopper, at least one group of wind crushing nozzles are arranged in the waste heat recovery cavity and below the slag inlet, the effective air outlet range of the wind crushing nozzles covers the slag outlet range of the slag inlet, the wind crushing nozzles are upwards arranged and face one side of the slag outlet hopper, the wind crushing nozzles blow away and blow slag entering from the slag inlet into the inlet of the slag outlet hopper, the slag outlet hopper falls into the inlet of the slag outlet hopper by gravity, at the moment, the slag granularity of the slag falling into the slag outlet hopper is about 1mm, and the distance between the inlet and the inlet of the slag outlet hopper is matched with the falling distance of the slag.
By adopting the structure, the slag is blown away and thrown up through the wind crushing nozzle, so that the heat dissipation area of the slag is enlarged, the area of wind acting on the slag is greatly increased, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, the stay time of the slag in the air is prolonged in the throwing process, the high-temperature slag is further subjected to heat exchange with the air, the slag entering the slag discharging hopper can be subjected to heat exchange with the solid slag waste heat recovery device again, the waste heat recovery efficiency is greatly improved, and the wind pressure of the blower only needs to be thrown up from the slag inlet to control the falling range of the slag, so that high-pressure wind is not needed, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
In the above embodiment, the gaseous waste heat recovery device includes a membrane water wall, a convection bank pipe, an economizer and a steam drum, the convection bank pipe and the economizer are disposed in the waste heat recovery cavity and are close to the flue gas outlet, the membrane water wall is disposed at the top of the waste heat recovery cavity or is disposed at the top and around the waste heat recovery cavity, the steam drum is disposed outside the waste heat recovery cavity, and the convection bank pipe, the economizer, the membrane water wall and the steam drum are connected through pipes.
In the above embodiment, the waste heat recovery cavity is a steel structure support, and comprises a heat preservation color steel plate, heat insulation cotton and a membrane water wall from outside to inside in sequence. Specific: the total length of the waste heat recovery device is 20-30m, the width is 3-5m, and the height is 8-10m.
In the above embodiment, the top of the solid slag waste heat recovery device is provided with the direct air injection nozzle at the position of the slag hopper inlet, and the direct air injection nozzle is vertically arranged upwards.
In the above embodiment, the solid slag waste heat recovery device comprises a plurality of heat exchange fins, the heat exchange fins are vertically arranged, a plurality of rows of heat exchange fins are arranged in the slag discharge hopper in parallel, the interval between adjacent heat exchange fins is larger than the grain diameter of slag, the heat exchange fins are connected with the steam drum through pipelines, the heat exchange fins supply water for the steam drum, and the direct air injection nozzle is arranged at the top of the heat exchange fins. Specific: the heat exchange fin adopts a steel structure pipeline, the pipe diameter is 50-300mm, the wall thickness is 5-8mm, the length of the heat exchange fin is 1-5m, the length of the heat exchange fin is not less than 70% of the length of the waste heat recovery device, the slag hopper is arranged in the slag hopper, the slag hopper is inverted trapezoid, the inclination angle of the inner wall of the slag hopper is 45-60 degrees, the direct air injection nozzle adopts a steel structure pipeline, the pipe diameter of the direct air injection nozzle is 100-200mm, the wall thickness is 4-6mm, the air outlet is a round hole with the diameter of 3-5mm, and the air outlet of the direct air injection nozzle is 5-100mm higher than the heat exchange fin.
The heat exchange fins are arranged in the slag discharge hopper, and the stay time of slag entering the slag discharge hopper can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the valve at the bottom of the slag discharge hopper, so that the stay time of slag in the slag discharge hopper is prolonged according to the feeding speed of the slag, and the heat exchange efficiency of the slag in the solid slag waste heat recovery device is greatly improved.
In the above embodiment, the ash loading hopper is arranged below the convection calandria and the economizer in the waste heat recovery cavity, and the chain plate conveyor is arranged below the waste heat recovery cavity, at positions corresponding to the outlets of the slag hopper and the ash loading hopper, and the outlet of the chain plate conveyor is connected with the slag bin.
In the above embodiments, the slag inlet communicates with the outlet of the chute.
In the embodiment, the outlet air speed of the wind crushing nozzle is 60-120m/s, and the included angle between the air outlet angle of the wind crushing nozzle and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees.
The invention also discloses a waste heat recovery method of the high-temperature slag by adopting the waste heat recovery device, which comprises the following steps:
a. wind granulation of high temperature slag:
opening a slag discharge port of the smelting furnace, enabling high-temperature molten slag to enter a waste heat recovery cavity from the smelting furnace, carrying out wind crushing on the molten slag entering the waste heat recovery cavity through a wind crushing nozzle by a blower, turning the slag into slag particles after wind crushing, throwing the slag particles under the action of wind pressure, and then falling into a slag hopper, wherein a direct jet nozzle at an inlet of the slag hopper blows air to the slag particles falling into the range of the slag hopper, and reducing the slag temperature again;
b. high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery:
the high-temperature flue gas blown out of the wind crushing nozzle and the direct jet nozzle is cooled by the waste heat recovery of the membrane water wall, the convection calandria and the economizer to become low-temperature flue gas, and then enters a cyclone dust collector and a bag dust collector from a flue gas outlet to collect dust, and the flue gas reaching the emission standard is discharged outside through a chimney by a draught fan;
c. and (3) recovering waste heat of high-temperature slag particles:
residual heat of slag falling into the slag bucket is absorbed by cold water in the heat exchange fins, slag discharging time is controlled by controlling a slag discharging valve of the slag bucket, low-temperature slag falls into a chain plate conveyor through the slag bucket and is conveyed to a slag bin, and preheated water in the heat exchange fins supplies water to the steam drum.
In the above embodiment, the air pressure of the blower is 3-5KPa, and the air volume is 50000-100000Nm 3 And/h, wherein the outlet wind speed of the wind crushing nozzle is 60-120m/s. The wind pressure of this application air-blower is 3-5KPa, belong to low-and-medium pressure wind, combine with the play wind speed of the garrulous nozzle of wind, satisfy the purpose of blowing up the slag, simultaneously through adjustment slag charge-in angle and the angle of blowing of garrulous nozzle of wind, make the slag that gets into from the slag import by blowing up back motion initial angle and horizontal angle guarantee as far as possible at 45 degrees, make the slag keep the balance between blowing up height and distance, in this way, guarantee that the volume of whole device is as little as possible when improving radiating efficiency.
According to the method, the molten slag is rapidly cooled into high-temperature slag particles from a molten state under the action of medium-low pressure air blown by the medium-low pressure air blower, and then falls into the range of the heat exchange fins under the action of gravity after being thrown out under the action of the power of the medium-low pressure air, and the temperature of the slag is further reduced through the secondary cooling of the direct air jet nozzle.
Through the above description, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. the device has the advantages that the heat dissipation efficiency of the slag is improved through three-stage heat exchange, the first-stage heat exchange is realized through blowing and scattering of the wind crushing nozzles, the heat dissipation area is enlarged, the heat dissipation efficiency of wind is greatly improved, the residence time of the slag in the air is prolonged in the throwing process, the high-temperature slag is further subjected to heat exchange with the air, the second-stage heat exchange is realized through further cooling of the slag falling above the slag hopper through the direct air injection nozzles, the third-stage heat exchange is realized through heat exchange between the slag entering the slag hopper and the solid slag waste heat recovery device, the waste heat recovery efficiency is greatly improved through the three-stage heat exchange mode, and the falling range of the slag is controlled as the wind pressure of the blower only needs to be thrown from the slag inlet, so that high-pressure wind is not needed, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
2. In the method, the molten slag is rapidly cooled into high-temperature slag particles from a molten state under the action of medium-low pressure air blown by a medium-low pressure air blower, and then falls into the range of heat exchange fins under the action of gravity after being thrown out for a certain distance under the action of the power of the medium-low pressure air, and the temperature of the slag is further reduced through the secondary cooling of a direct air jet nozzle
3. The invention converts the heat of the high-temperature slag into high-temperature smoke and then into saturated steam, thereby realizing the effective utilization of the residual heat of the slag, and simultaneously, the smoke is discharged after the dust removal reaches the standard, so that the environment is not polluted.
In conclusion, the invention can effectively improve the waste heat recovery efficiency, reduce the investment and the operation cost and realize the green and environment-friendly effective utilization of the waste heat of the slag.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the high temperature slag waste heat recovery of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the slag tap of the invention.
In the figure, 1, a blower; 2. a wind crushing nozzle; 3. a chute; 4. a fault slag bucket; 5. a link plate conveyor; 6. a steam drum; 7. a cyclone dust collector; 8. a bag-type dust collector; 9. an induced draft fan; 10. a chimney; 11. an ash loading funnel; 12. a slag bin; 13. a membrane water wall; 14. a convection bank pipe; 15. an economizer; 16. a direct air injection nozzle; 17. heat exchange fins.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention comprises a waste heat recovery device of high-temperature slag, which comprises a waste heat recovery cavity, a blower 1, a wind crushing nozzle 2, a chute 3, a fault slag bucket 4, a chain plate conveyor 5, a flue gas dust removal device, a gaseous waste heat recovery device and a solid slag waste heat recovery device. The flue gas dust removal device, the gaseous waste heat recovery device, the solid slag waste heat recovery device and the temperature, flow and pressure sensors are arranged in each pipeline.
The waste heat recovery cavity is supported by a steel structure and sequentially comprises a heat preservation color steel plate, heat insulation cotton and a membrane water wall from outside to inside. In the embodiment, the overall length of the waste heat recovery device is 20-30m, the width is 3-5m, and the height is 8-10m.
The gaseous waste heat recovery device comprises: membrane water wall 13, convection bank 14, economizer 15, drum 6.
The solid slag waste heat recovery device comprises: a direct air injection nozzle 16 and heat exchange fins 17.
The flue gas dust removal device comprises a cyclone dust remover 7, a cloth bag dust remover 8, an induced draft fan 9 and a chimney 10.
The chute 3 is connected with a slag discharging port of the smelting furnace, the wind crushing nozzle 2 is positioned below the chute 3, the included angle between the wind outlet angle of the wind crushing nozzle and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees, and the wind crushing nozzle blows away, blows up and throws the slag entering from the slag inlet into the inlet of the slag discharging hopper; the heat exchange fin 17 is arranged in a slag hopper of the waste heat recovery device; a fault slag hopper 4 is arranged between the heat exchange fins 17 and the wind crushing nozzle 2, and when the fault slag hopper 4 is used for the blower 1 to fail, the temperature of slag can be effectively reduced and the slag can be timely discharged; the top and the periphery of the waste heat recovery cavity are uniformly provided with membrane water walls 13; a direct air injection nozzle 16 is arranged above the heat exchange fin 17; a convection calandria 14 and an economizer 15 are sequentially arranged in front of a flue gas outlet of the waste heat recovery device, the convection calandria 14, a membrane water-cooled wall 13 and a steam drum 6 are connected through pipelines to form a circulation path, the circulation path adopts two circulation modes of natural circulation and forced circulation, the forced circulation is adopted when the waste heat recovery device is started and stopped, and the natural circulation is adopted during normal operation, so that energy sources are reasonably and effectively utilized, and the service life of equipment is prolonged; an ash loading funnel 11 is arranged below the convection bank pipe 14 and the economizer 15, and the ash loading funnel 11 is used for discharging slag ash falling from the convection part above; a chain plate conveyor 5 is arranged below the waste heat recovery cavity, and outlets of the slag hopper and the ash loading hopper correspond to the positions of the chain plate conveyor and are used for conveying cooled slag particles; the flue gas outlet is connected with the cyclone dust collector 7, the cloth bag dust collector 8, the induced draft fan 9 and the chimney 10 through flue gas pipelines.
In the embodiment, the upper part of the waste heat recovery cavity is provided with a maintenance lifting hole, so that the maintenance of the solid slag waste heat recovery device is facilitated, the heat exchange fins 17 are steel structure pipelines, the pipe diameter is 50-300mm, the wall thickness is 5-8mm, the length of each heat exchange fin is 1-5m, the length of each heat exchange fin 17 is not less than 70% of the length of the waste heat recovery device, the slag discharge hopper is arranged in the heat exchange fins, the slag discharge hopper is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and the inclination angle of the inner wall of the slag discharge hopper is 45-60 degrees. The length of the fault slag hopper 4 is 2-3m, the length of the ash loading hopper 11 is 4-6m, the direct air injection nozzle 16 adopts a steel structure pipeline, the pipe diameter of the direct air injection nozzle 16 is 100-200mm, the wall thickness is 4-6mm, and the air outlet is a round hole with the diameter of 3-5 mm. The air outlet of the direct air injection nozzle 16 is 5-100mm higher than the heat exchange fins 17.
The invention also discloses a waste heat recovery method of the high-temperature slag by adopting the waste heat recovery device, which comprises the following steps:
a. wind granulation of high temperature slag:
opening a slag discharge port of a smelting furnace, allowing high-temperature molten slag to enter a waste heat recovery cavity from the smelting furnace, and carrying out wind crushing on the molten slag by a blower through a wind crushing nozzle, wherein the blowing pressure of the blower is 3-5KPa, and the air quantity of the blower is 50000-100000Nm 3 The outlet air speed of the wind crushing nozzle is 60-120m/s, slag is changed into slag particles after being crushed by wind, and the slag particles fall into a slag hopper after being thrown up under the action of wind pressure, and at the moment, a direct jet nozzle at the inlet of the slag hopper blows air to the slag particles falling into the range of the slag hopper, and the temperature of the slag is reduced again;
b. high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery:
the high-temperature flue gas blown out of the wind crushing nozzle and the direct jet nozzle is cooled by the waste heat recovery of the membrane water wall, the convection calandria and the economizer to become low-temperature flue gas, and then enters a cyclone dust collector and a bag dust collector from a flue gas outlet to collect dust, and the flue gas reaching the emission standard is discharged outside through a chimney by a draught fan;
c. and (3) recovering waste heat of high-temperature slag particles:
residual heat of slag falling into the slag bucket is absorbed by cold water in the heat exchange fins, slag is discharged through controlling a slag discharge valve of the slag bucket, low-temperature slag falls into a chain plate conveyor through the slag bucket and is conveyed to a slag bin, and preheated water in the heat exchange fins supplies water to the steam drum.
The following are examples of the working process of blast crushing and waste heat recovery of the molten slag of the present embodiment:
embodiment one:
the temperature of the high-temperature molten slag discharged from the smelting furnace is 1350-1450 ℃, the high-temperature molten slag enters the waste heat recovery device from the chute, medium-low pressure air blown out by the air blower is blown out by the air crushing nozzle to crush the high-temperature molten slag, the outlet air speed of the air crushing nozzle is 60-120m/s, the granular slag with the temperature of 500-600 ℃ and about 1mm is formed after the air crushing, and meanwhile, high-temperature smoke with the temperature of 500-600 ℃ is generated. Under the power action of medium-low pressure wind, high-temperature slag falls into the range of a cold water pipe under the action of gravity after being thrown out for a certain distance, is further cooled by cold air blown out by a straight air jet pipe above the cold water pipe, the temperature of slag particles is reduced to 300-400 ℃, residual heat of the slag is absorbed by low-temperature water in the cold water pipe, the temperature of the slag particles is reduced to 150-200 ℃, and then the slag particles are conveyed to a slag bin through a chain plate conveyor. The high-temperature flue gas is absorbed by the high-pressure hot water in the membrane wall of the radiation part and the convection calandria to a great amount of heat, and the high-pressure hot water is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam which returns to the steam drum. After the heat of the flue gas is continuously absorbed by the economizer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 150-200 ℃, then dust is collected by a cyclone dust collector and a bag dust collector, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 100-150 ℃, and the concentration of the flue gas is lower than 10mg/m 3 And then discharged outside through a chimney by an induced draft fan. The smoke amount recovered from ton of molten slag is 500-1000m 3 And/h, the amount of generated saturated steam is 0.2-0.4t/t Slag of 。
Embodiment two:
the high-temperature molten slag discharged from the smelting furnace is at 1500-1600 ℃, the high-temperature molten slag enters the waste heat recovery device from the chute, medium-low pressure air blown out by the air blower is blown out by the air crushing nozzle to wind-crush the high-temperature molten slag, the outlet air speed of the air crushing nozzle is 60-120m/s, slag particles with the temperature of 550-650 ℃ are formed after wind crushing, and meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 650-800 ℃ is generated. Under the power action of medium-low pressure air, the high-temperature slag falls into the range of the cold water pipe under the action of gravity after being thrown out for a certain distance, is further cooled by cold air blown out by a straight air jet pipe above the cold water pipe, and the temperature of slag particles is reduced to 300-400 ℃ and slag remainsThe heat of the slag particles is absorbed by the low-temperature water in the cold water pipe, the temperature of the slag particles is reduced to 150-200 ℃, and then the slag particles are sent to a slag bin through a chain plate conveyor. The high-temperature flue gas is absorbed by the high-pressure hot water in the membrane wall of the radiation part and the convection calandria to a great amount of heat, and the high-pressure hot water is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam which returns to the steam drum. After the heat of the flue gas is continuously absorbed by the economizer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 150-200 ℃, then dust is collected by a cyclone dust collector and a bag dust collector, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 100-150 ℃, and the concentration of the flue gas is lower than 10mg/m 3 And then discharged outside through a chimney by an induced draft fan. The smoke amount recovered from ton of molten slag is 500-1000m 3 And/h, the amount of generated saturated steam is 0.2-0.4t/t Slag of 。
Comparative example one:
the high-temperature molten slag discharged from the smelting furnace is at 1500-1600 ℃, the high-temperature molten slag enters the waste heat recovery device from the chute, medium-low pressure air blown out by the air blower is blown out by the air crushing nozzle to blast the high-temperature molten slag, the outlet air speed of the air crushing nozzle is 40-50m/s, slag particles with the temperature of 850-900 ℃ are formed after the air crushing, and meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 650-800 ℃ is generated. Under the power action of medium-low pressure wind, the high-temperature slag is thrown out for a certain distance and then is further cooled by cold air blown out by a straight jet pipe above a cold water pipe, the temperature of slag particles is reduced to 500-600 ℃, the residual heat of the slag is absorbed by low-temperature water in the cold water pipe, the temperature of the slag particles is reduced to 350-400 ℃, and then the slag particles are conveyed to a slag bin through a chain plate conveyor. The high-temperature flue gas is absorbed by the high-pressure hot water in the membrane wall of the radiation part and the convection calandria to a great amount of heat, and the high-pressure hot water is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam which returns to the steam drum. After the heat of the flue gas is continuously absorbed by the economizer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 150-200 ℃, then dust is collected by a cyclone dust collector and a bag dust collector, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 100-150 ℃, and the concentration of the flue gas is lower than 10mg/m 3 And then discharged outside through a chimney by an induced draft fan. The smoke amount recovered from ton of molten slag is 500-1000m 3 And/h, the amount of generated saturated steam is 0.1-0.2t/t Slag of . Because the wind speed is lower, the particle diameter of slag generated by wind crushing is larger, the temperature is higher, high-temperature slag can be re-bonded in the air to form larger particles which fall down, the large-particle slag is impacted on a cold water pipe to be crushed, and the slag is crushedThe central molten slag is exposed and is easy to adhere to the cold water pipe, so that the heat exchange of the cold water pipe and the discharge of slag are affected. Because the heat exchange coefficient of the slag is low, the large-particle slag is unfavorable for the waste heat recovery of the slag.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but rather utilizing equivalent structural changes made in the present invention description and drawings or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a waste heat recovery device of high temperature slag which characterized in that: including the waste heat recovery chamber, one side in waste heat recovery chamber is equipped with the slag import, and the opposite side is equipped with the flue gas export, be equipped with gaseous waste heat recovery device in the waste heat recovery intracavity between slag import and flue gas export, the bottom in waste heat recovery chamber is equipped with slag tap, install solid-state slag waste heat recovery device in the slag tap, in the waste heat recovery chamber, be provided with at least a set of garrulous nozzle (2) in the below of slag import, the garrulous nozzle (2) of wind effectively goes out the range and covers the slag tap range of slag import, garrulous nozzle (2) of wind upwards lay, just face slag tap one side, garrulous nozzle (2) of wind will getting into from the slag import blows off, blows and throws into the import of slag tap, interval between slag tap and the slag import and the slag distance phase-match that the slag is thrown down.
2. The waste heat recovery apparatus of high temperature slag as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the gaseous waste heat recovery device comprises a membrane water-cooling wall (13), a convection calandria (14), an economizer (15) and a steam drum (6), wherein the convection calandria (14) and the economizer (15) are arranged in a waste heat recovery cavity and are close to a flue gas outlet, the membrane water-cooling wall (13) is arranged at the top of the waste heat recovery cavity or is uniformly distributed at the top and the periphery of the waste heat recovery cavity, the steam drum (6) is arranged outside the waste heat recovery cavity, and the convection calandria (14), the economizer (15), the membrane water-cooling wall (13) and the steam drum (6) are connected through pipelines.
3. The waste heat recovery apparatus of high temperature slag as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the waste heat recovery cavity is supported by a steel structure and sequentially comprises a heat preservation color steel plate, heat insulation cotton and a membrane water wall (13) from outside to inside.
4. The waste heat recovery apparatus of high temperature slag as set forth in claim 2, wherein: and a direct air injection nozzle (16) is arranged at the top of the solid slag waste heat recovery device and at the position of the slag outlet hopper inlet, and the direct air injection nozzle (16) is vertically upwards arranged.
5. The waste heat recovery apparatus of high temperature slag as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the solid slag waste heat recovery device comprises a plurality of heat exchange fins (17), the heat exchange fins (17) are vertically arranged, a plurality of rows of heat exchange fins (17) are arranged in a slag discharge hopper in parallel, the interval between every two adjacent heat exchange fins (17) is larger than the grain diameter of slag, the heat exchange fins (17) are connected with a steam drum (6) through pipelines, the heat exchange fins (17) supply water for the steam drum (6), and a direct injection nozzle (16) is arranged at the top of the heat exchange fins (17).
6. The heat recovery apparatus of high temperature slag as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the waste heat recovery device is characterized in that an ash loading funnel (11) is arranged below the convection bank pipe (14) and the economizer (15) in the waste heat recovery cavity, a chain plate conveyor (5) is arranged below the waste heat recovery cavity, at positions corresponding to the outlets of the slag hopper and the ash loading funnel (11), and the outlet of the chain plate conveyor (5) is connected with the slag bin (12).
7. The heat recovery apparatus of high temperature slag as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the outlet wind speed of the wind crushing nozzle (2) is 60-120m/s, and the included angle between the wind outlet angle of the wind crushing nozzle (2) and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees.
8. A method for recovering waste heat from high temperature slag using the waste heat recovering device of claim 7, characterized by: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. wind granulation of high temperature slag:
the method comprises the steps of opening a slag discharge port of a smelting furnace, enabling high-temperature molten slag to enter a waste heat recovery cavity from the smelting furnace, carrying out wind crushing on the molten slag entering the smelting furnace through a wind crushing nozzle (2), enabling the slag to become slag particles after wind crushing, throwing the slag particles under the action of wind pressure, and then falling into a slag hopper, wherein a direct jet nozzle (16) at an inlet of the slag hopper blows air to the slag particles falling into the range of the slag hopper, and reducing the slag temperature again;
b. high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery:
the high-temperature flue gas blown out by the wind crushing nozzle (2) and the direct air injection nozzle (16) is cooled by the waste heat recovery of the membrane water-cooled wall (13), the convection calandria (14) and the economizer (15) to become low-temperature flue gas, and then enters a cyclone dust collector and a bag dust collector from a flue gas outlet to collect dust, and the flue gas reaching the emission standard is discharged outside through a chimney (10) by an induced draft fan (9);
c. and (3) recovering waste heat of high-temperature slag particles:
residual heat of slag falling into the slag bucket is absorbed by cold water in the heat exchange fins (17), slag is discharged through controlling a slag bucket slag discharging valve, low-temperature slag falls into the chain plate conveyor (5) through the slag bucket and is sent to the slag bin (12), and preheated water in the heat exchange fins (17) supplies water to the steam drum (6).
9. The method for recovering waste heat of high temperature slag according to claim 8, wherein: the blowing pressure of the blower (1) is 3-5KPa, and the air quantity is 50000-100000Nm 3 /h。
10. The method for recovering waste heat of high temperature slag according to claim 8, wherein: the outlet wind speed of the wind crushing nozzle (2) is 60-120m/s.
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