CN117386410A - Multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame nodes of deep-buried soft rock tunnel and implementation method - Google Patents
Multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame nodes of deep-buried soft rock tunnel and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117386410A CN117386410A CN202311591609.6A CN202311591609A CN117386410A CN 117386410 A CN117386410 A CN 117386410A CN 202311591609 A CN202311591609 A CN 202311591609A CN 117386410 A CN117386410 A CN 117386410A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 133
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dioxo-2-[4-(N-phenylanilino)phenyl]thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound O=C1c2ccccc2S(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc12)-c1ccc(cc1)N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/183—Supporting means for arch members, not provided for in E21D11/22
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/28—Longitudinal struts, i.e. longitudinal connections between adjoining arches
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame joints of a deep-buried soft rock tunnel and an implementation method thereof, comprising a yielding and sinking reducing box, wherein a top plate guide groove and a bottom plate guide groove are formed in the yielding and sinking reducing box, a left limit lug and a right limit lug are fixedly connected to the outer part of the yielding and sinking reducing box, an upper step outer joint is arranged in the top plate guide groove in a sliding manner, and an upper step force transmission plate is fixedly connected to the upper step outer joint; the multistage pressure yielding mechanism is arranged in the pressure yielding caisson and comprises a plurality of constant resistors, an upper step force transfer plate and a cross-shaped variable-section force transfer rod are fixedly connected, a plurality of constant resistors are arranged between the upper step force transfer plate and the pressure yielding caisson, a powerful spring is arranged between the upper step force transfer plate and the cross-shaped variable-section force transfer rod, a vertical constraint mechanism is arranged on the cross-shaped variable-section force transfer rod, and an external oil pipe is communicated with the hydraulic device. The invention has convenient installation, can continuously exert the effects of yielding and absorbing energy in the later period, and can improve the construction efficiency and reduce the instability failure probability of the supporting structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy geotechnical engineering, in particular to a multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame nodes of a deep-buried soft rock tunnel and an implementation method.
Background
Along with the continuous development of the basic construction scale of China, the water diversion tunnel which is known as 'long, large, deep and soft' is commonly found in the water network engineering construction of the western region of China, the tunnel has high ground stress, large surrounding rock weak deformation degree, long deformation duration and abnormal support control difficulty in the occurrence environment, and the large deformation control of the deep-buried soft rock tunnel is a key link of the water diversion tunnel engineering safety construction and operation, so that the problem needs to be solved.
The steel arch supporting structure is an important component for controlling the large deformation of surrounding rocks of the deep-buried soft-rock tunnel, and the steel arch is a main bearing structure in the initial supporting stage of the tunnel. Early steel arches are designed according to the concept of 'forced hard top', but are subjected to different degrees of instability and damage such as radial crushing, lateral buckling and buckling in the practical application process. The concept of unloading yielding support is widely recognized, and related inventions, such as a tunnel yielding support device (CN 113803090B), a tunnel arch node connection structure, a tunnel arch, a tunnel construction method (CN 115467681A), a tunnel primary supporting yielding support structure (CN 217421196U) and the like, are used for embedding the yielding device into the node of the steel arch, so that the active surrounding rock resistance is provided, a certain deformation amount of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is allowed, the effective release of the surrounding rock stress of the tunnel is ensured, and the bearing failure phenomenon of the steel arch in the deep-buried soft rock tunnel support is improved to a certain extent. However, for some oversized-section diversion tunnels, a stepped step is a common use method to reduce the convergence deformation of the cross section of the tunnel and ensure the effective use surface of the cross section. In construction of an upper step or a middle step, a permanent supporting base is not formed at the arch foot of the steel arch, the steel arch is very easy to be inserted into a rock stratum, so that deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel is increased, a common treatment method in engineering is to fix the steel arch and a rock wall by adopting anchor rods, the treatment method is inconvenient for rapid assembly of the steel arch in construction of the next step, smooth transition of construction of the upper step and the lower step is affected, and meanwhile, the yielding energy absorption effect at the joint of the steel arch cannot be realized by the treatment method. Therefore, the multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for the arch frame nodes of the deep-buried soft rock tunnel and the implementation method are provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multistage yielding and sinking device for arch frame nodes of a deeply buried soft rock tunnel and an implementation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, realize quick assembly of a steel arch frame and effective yielding and sinking of arch feet in transitional construction of an upper step and a lower step, continuously exert yielding and energy absorbing effects in the later stage, and realize the simple and easy-to-implement and convenient-to-install yielding and sinking device for the steel arch frame nodes by increasing resistance, yielding and sinking, and have important significance for improving construction efficiency, reducing instability failure probability of a supporting structure and improving bearing effect of the supporting structure by applying the device.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame nodes of a deeply buried soft rock tunnel, which comprises the following components:
the yielding caisson is provided with a top plate guide groove and a bottom plate guide groove, the outer part of the yielding caisson is fixedly connected with a left limit lug and a right limit lug, an upper step outer joint is slidably arranged in the top plate guide groove, an upper step force transmission plate is fixedly connected with the upper step outer joint, a lower step outer joint is slidably arranged in the bottom plate guide groove, and a lower step force transmission plate is fixedly connected with the lower step outer joint;
the multistage let the press mechanism setting is in let to press and subtract the caisson, multistage let the press mechanism include a plurality of constant resistance wares, a plurality of powerful spring, hydraulic press and cross deformation cross section dowel steel, go up step dowel steel with cross deformation cross section dowel steel fixed connection, go up step dowel steel with let to press and subtract and be provided with a plurality of between the caisson constant resistance ware, go down step dowel steel with let to press and subtract and be provided with a plurality of between the caisson the constant resistance ware, powerful spring sets up go up step dowel steel with between the cross deformation cross section dowel steel, hydraulic press sets up cross deformation cross section dowel steel with down between the step dowel steel, be provided with vertical restraint mechanism on the cross deformation cross section dowel steel, hydraulic press intercommunication has external oil pipe.
Preferably, the cross-shaped variable cross section dowel bar comprises a middle vertical bar, an upper sleeve is fixedly connected to the top end of the middle vertical bar, an upper telescopic bar is inserted into the upper sleeve, the upper telescopic bar is fixedly connected with an upper step dowel plate, a limit post is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve, a strong spring is sleeved on the upper sleeve, one end of the strong spring is abutted to the upper step dowel plate, the other end of the strong spring is abutted to the limit post, a lower dowel bar is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the middle vertical bar, the lower dowel bar is in transmission connection with a hydraulic device, and a vertical constraint mechanism is arranged on the middle vertical bar.
Preferably, a first-stage oil pressure chamber, a second-stage oil pressure chamber and a third-stage oil pressure chamber are arranged in the hydraulic device, the first-stage oil pressure chamber is communicated with the second-stage oil pressure chamber, the second-stage oil pressure chamber is communicated with the third-stage oil pressure chamber, the third-stage oil pressure chamber is communicated with an external oil pipe, a lower dowel bar is in transmission connection with the first-stage oil pressure chamber, an oil pipe hole is formed in the yielding and subtracting caisson, and the external oil pipe is arranged in the oil pipe hole in a penetrating mode.
Preferably, the hydraulic device comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a closed steel ring, a high-resistance and high-energy-storage spring, a pressure ring, an oil chamber baffle and an external oil pipe, wherein the inner sleeve is positioned in the outer sleeve, the closed steel ring is fixedly connected between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, the pressure ring is positioned between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the pressure ring is slidably arranged between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, a spring energy storage chamber is formed between the pressure ring, the closed steel ring, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, the high-resistance and high-energy-storage spring is positioned in the spring energy storage chamber, two ends of the high-resistance and high-energy-storage spring are respectively fixedly connected with the closed steel ring and the pressure ring, the oil chamber baffle is fixedly connected in the inner sleeve, the lower dowel bar is inserted into the inner sleeve, the oil chamber baffle, the inner sleeve and the lower dowel bar form a first-stage oil pressure chamber, the oil chamber is formed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the pressure ring, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve form a third-stage oil pressure chamber, the high-pressure ring, the high-resistance and the inner sleeve form a third-stage oil pressure chamber, the oil discharge chamber is formed, and the first-stage oil discharge oil chamber is formed at the bottom.
Preferably, the constant resistance device comprises an expansion pipe and expansion nails, the expansion nails are positioned in the expansion pipe, one end of the expansion pipe is fixedly connected with a conical pipe, the conical pipe is fixedly connected in the yielding and subtracting caisson, one end of the expansion nails is fixedly connected with a round platform cap, the round platform cap is matched with the conical pipe, and a plurality of expansion nails are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper step force transfer plate and the lower step force transfer plate.
Preferably, the vertical constraint mechanism comprises a left telescopic rod and a right telescopic rod, a left force transmission sleeve and a right force transmission sleeve are fixedly connected to the middle vertical rod, the left telescopic rod is embedded into the left force transmission sleeve, the right telescopic rod is embedded into the right force transmission sleeve, a left limit hole and a right limit hole are formed in the yielding caisson, the left telescopic rod extends into the left limit hole, and the right telescopic rod extends into the right limit hole.
Preferably, bolt fixing holes are formed in the left limiting lug and the right limiting lug.
The implementation method of the multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for the arch frame nodes of the deeply buried soft rock tunnel comprises the following steps:
step one: fixing the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar in the yielding caisson by using a vertical constraint mechanism;
step two: after the excavation construction of the upper step is finished, the yielding and sinking box is fixed at the arch foot of the upper step through the left limiting lug and the right limiting lug;
step three: fixedly connecting the upper step outer joint with an upper step steel arch;
step four: in the excavation construction process of the lower step, fixedly connecting the outer joint of the lower step with a steel arch frame of the lower step;
step five: c, repeating the steps a-d after the construction of the step is completed, and installing another section of steel arch;
step six: after the next multistage resistance-increasing pressure-reducing sinking device works stably, connecting an external oil pipe in the multistage resistance-increasing pressure-reducing sinking device with an oil pump, opening an external oil pipe switch, slightly adding oil pressure, jacking up a cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar by a hydraulic device, and removing the vertical constraint of the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar;
step seven: the anchoring constraint of the left limiting lug and the right limiting lug on the multistage resistance-increasing yielding and sinking device is removed, and the axial stress of the steel arch is realized.
The invention discloses the following technical effects: the left limiting lug and the right limiting lug in the device are used for temporarily fixing the yielding caisson on the side wall of the tunnel, the upper step outer joint is used for being fixedly connected with the steel arch joint of the upper side, the lower step outer joint is used for being fixedly connected with the steel arch joint of the lower side, the constant resistor can provide certain supporting force, the strong spring can also provide certain supporting force, the constant resistor and the strong spring can both have the yielding effect, the vertical constraint mechanism is used for constraining the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar, the yielding effect is realized by the hydraulic press, and the external oil pipe transmits oil to the hydraulic press. The invention has convenient installation, can continuously exert the effects of yielding and absorbing energy in the later period, and can improve the construction efficiency and reduce the instability failure probability of the supporting structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multistage resistance-increasing yielding and sinking-reducing device for a steel arch node of a deep-buried soft rock tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the let-down caisson according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-shaped deformed section dowel bar of a let-down caisson according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the constant resistor of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the oil chamber partition plate of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the hydraulic machine of the present invention;
wherein, 1, let and press and subtract the caisson; 2. a left limit lug; 3. a right limit lug; 4. an upper step outer joint; 5. an upper step force transfer plate; 6. a lower step outer joint; 7. a lower step force transfer plate; 8. a constant resistance device; 9. a strong spring; 10. a cross-shaped deformed section dowel bar; 11. externally connecting an oil pipe; 12. a middle vertical rod; 13. an upper sleeve; 14. an upper telescopic rod; 15. a limit column; 16. a lower dowel bar; 17. a left force transfer sleeve; 18. a right force transmission sleeve; 19. a primary oil pressure chamber; 20. a secondary oil pressure chamber; 21. a three-stage oil pressure chamber; 22. oil pipe holes; 23. an outer sleeve; 24. an inner sleeve; 25. a closed steel ring; 26. resistance-increasing strong energy storage spring; 27. a pressure ring; 28. an oil chamber partition plate; 29. a first-stage oil drain hole; 30. a second-stage oil drain hole; 31. an expansion tube; 32. an expansion nail; 33. a conical tube; 34. round table cap; 35. a left telescopic rod; 36. a right telescopic rod; 37. a left limit hole; 38. a right limit hole; 39. a bolt fixing hole; 40. a spring energy storage chamber; 41. and an oil pipe switch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the invention provides a multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for a deep-buried soft rock tunnel arch frame node, which comprises:
the pressure reducing caisson 1 is provided with a top plate guide groove and a bottom plate guide groove, the outer part of the pressure reducing caisson 1 is fixedly connected with a left limit lug 2 and a right limit lug 3, an upper step outer joint 4 is slidably arranged in the top plate guide groove, an upper step force transmission plate 5 is fixedly connected with the upper step outer joint 4, a lower step outer joint 6 is slidably arranged in the bottom plate guide groove, and a lower step force transmission plate 7 is fixedly connected with the lower step outer joint 6;
the multistage pressure yielding mechanism is arranged in the pressure yielding caisson 1 and comprises a plurality of constant resistors 8, a plurality of powerful springs 9, a hydraulic device and a cross-shaped variable cross section dowel bar 10, wherein the upper step dowel plate 5 is fixedly connected with the cross-shaped variable cross section dowel bar 10, the plurality of constant resistors 8 are arranged between the upper step dowel plate 5 and the pressure yielding caisson 1, the plurality of constant resistors 8 are arranged between the lower step dowel plate 7 and the pressure yielding caisson 1, the powerful springs 9 are arranged between the upper step dowel plate 5 and the cross-shaped variable cross section dowel bar 10, the hydraulic device is arranged between the cross-shaped variable cross section dowel bar 10 and the lower step dowel plate 7, the cross-shaped variable cross section dowel bar 10 is provided with a vertical constraint mechanism, and the hydraulic device is communicated with an external oil pipe 11.
The left limiting lug 2 and the right limiting lug 3 are used for temporarily fixing the yielding caisson 1 on the side wall of a tunnel, the upper step outer joint 4 is used for being fixedly connected with a steel arch joint at the upper part, the lower step outer joint 6 is used for being fixedly connected with a steel arch joint at the lower part, the constant resistor 8 can provide certain supporting force, the strong spring 9 can also provide certain supporting force, the constant resistor 8 and the strong spring 9 can have the yielding effect, the vertical constraint mechanism is used for constraining the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar 10, the hydraulic press realizes the yielding effect, the external oil pipe 11 transmits oil to the hydraulic press, when the device is installed, the yielding caisson 1 is temporarily fixed on the side wall of the tunnel through the left limiting lug 2 and the right limiting lug 3, the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar 10 is constrained in the vertical direction through the vertical constraint mechanism, and then the upper step outer joint 4 is fixedly connected with the steel arch joint at the upper part, and the lower step outer joint 6 is fixedly connected with the steel arch joint at the lower part; after the construction of the upper step steel arch is completed, the powerful spring 9 can be compressed to realize yielding, then the constant resistance device 8 arranged on the upper step force transfer plate 5 can realize yielding, and after the constraint force of the vertical constraint mechanism is removed, the constant resistance device 8 arranged on the lower step force transfer plate 7 is compressed to realize yielding.
Further optimizing scheme, cross deformation cross section dowel steel 10 includes well montant 12, well montant 12 top fixedly connected with goes up sleeve 13, upward insert last telescopic link 14 in the sleeve 13, go up telescopic link 14 and go up step dowel steel 5 fixed connection, go up fixedly connected with spacing post 15 on the sleeve 13, powerful spring 9 cover is established on last sleeve 13, powerful spring 9 one end and last step dowel steel 5 butt, powerful spring 9 other end and spacing post 15 butt, well montant 12 bottom fixedly connected with lower dowel steel 16, lower dowel steel 16 is connected with the hydraulic press transmission, vertical restraint mechanism sets up on well montant 12.
After the outer joint 4 of the upper step is stressed, the outer joint is transmitted to an upper telescopic rod 14 through an upper step force transmission plate 5, the upper telescopic rod 14 and the strong spring 9 are compressed to realize yielding, then the constant resistor 8 on the upper step force transmission plate 5 is compressed to realize yielding, a limit column 15 is used for limiting the strong spring 9, a vertical constraint mechanism is used for constraining the middle vertical rod 12, the upper telescopic rod 14 in the embodiment is a common telescopic rod, and the upper sleeve 3 is connected with the upper step force transmission plate 5.
According to the further optimization scheme, a primary oil pressure chamber 19, a secondary oil pressure chamber 20 and a tertiary oil pressure chamber 21 are arranged in the hydraulic device, the primary oil pressure chamber 19 is communicated with the secondary oil pressure chamber 20, the secondary oil pressure chamber 20 is communicated with the tertiary oil pressure chamber 21, the tertiary oil pressure chamber 21 is communicated with an external oil pipe 11, a lower dowel bar 16 is in transmission connection with the primary oil pressure chamber 19, an oil pipe hole 22 is formed in the pressure reducing caisson 1, and the external oil pipe 11 is arranged in the oil pipe hole 22 in a penetrating mode.
When the lower dowel bar 16 is pressurized, oil flows from the primary oil pressure chamber 19 to the secondary oil pressure chamber 20, and then flows from the secondary oil pressure chamber 20 to the tertiary oil pressure chamber 21, so that the pressure relief is realized.
According to a further optimized scheme, the hydraulic device comprises an outer sleeve 23, an inner sleeve 24, a closed steel ring 25, a resistance-increasing strong energy storage spring 26, a pressure ring 27, an oil chamber baffle 28 and an external oil pipe 11, wherein the inner sleeve 24 is arranged in the outer sleeve 23, the closed steel ring 25 is fixedly connected between the outer sleeve 23 and the inner sleeve 24, the pressure ring 27 is arranged between the inner sleeve 24 and the outer sleeve 23, the pressure ring 27 is slidably arranged between the inner sleeve 24 and the outer sleeve 23, a spring energy storage chamber 40 is formed among the pressure ring 27, the closed steel ring 25, the outer sleeve 23 and the inner sleeve 24, the resistance-increasing strong energy storage spring 26 is arranged in the spring energy storage chamber 40, two ends of the resistance-increasing strong energy storage spring 26 are fixedly connected with the closed steel ring 25 and the pressure ring 27 respectively, the oil chamber baffle 28 is fixedly connected in the inner sleeve 24, the lower dowel 16 is inserted into the inner sleeve 24, a first-stage oil pressure chamber 19 is formed among the oil chamber baffle 28, the inner sleeve 24 and the lower dowel 16, a second-stage oil pressure chamber 20 is formed among the inner sleeve 24 and the outer sleeve 23, a third-stage oil pressure chamber 21 is formed among the pressure ring 27, the inner sleeve 24 and the outer sleeve 23, a first-stage oil drain oil hole 29 is formed on the oil chamber 28, and a second-stage drain hole 30 is formed in the bottom of the inner sleeve 24.
When the force in the upper step steel arch is transferred to the lower dowel bar 16, the lower dowel bar 16 slides on the inner sleeve 24, the lower dowel bar 16 compresses the primary oil pressure chamber 19, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the primary oil pressure chamber 19 rises, the hydraulic oil in the primary oil pressure chamber 19 is discharged into the secondary oil pressure chamber 20 through the primary oil discharge hole 29 on the oil chamber partition plate 28, the oil pressure in the secondary oil pressure chamber 20 rises, the hydraulic oil in the secondary oil pressure chamber 20 is discharged into the tertiary oil pressure chamber 21 through the secondary oil discharge hole 30, the oil pressure in the tertiary oil pressure chamber 21 rises, the oil pressure in the tertiary oil pressure chamber 21 is transferred to the resistance-increasing strong energy storage spring 26 through the pressure ring 27, and the pressure is realized through the compression deformation of the resistance-increasing strong energy storage spring 26.
Further optimizing scheme, the constant resistance device 8 comprises an expansion pipe 31 and expansion nails 32, wherein the expansion nails 32 are positioned in the expansion pipe 31, one end of the expansion pipe 31 is fixedly connected with a conical pipe 33, the conical pipe 33 is fixedly connected in the yielding caisson 1, one end of the expansion nails 32 is fixedly connected with a round platform cap 34, the round platform cap 34 is matched with the conical pipe 33, and a plurality of expansion nails 32 are respectively fixedly connected on the upper step force transfer plate 5 and the lower step force transfer plate 7.
When the upper step outer joint 4 moves downwards, the upper step force transfer plate 5 is driven to move downwards, the expansion nails 32 are driven to move when the upper step force transfer plate 5 moves downwards, the round platform cap 34 fixedly connected with the expansion nails 32 can receive the acting force of the conical tube 33 and the expansion tube 31, so that resistance is brought to the movement of the upper step force transfer plate 5, and similarly, when the lower step force transfer plate 7 moves, resistance is also applied.
Further optimizing scheme, vertical restraint mechanism includes left telescopic link 35 and right telescopic link 36, and fixedly connected with left power transmission sleeve 17 and right power transmission sleeve 18 on the well montant 12, and left telescopic link 35 imbeds in the left power transmission sleeve 17, and right telescopic link 36 imbeds in the right power transmission sleeve 18, and vertical restraint mechanism includes left telescopic link 35 and right telescopic link 36, lets to press and subtracts left spacing hole 37 and right spacing hole 38 on the caisson 1, and left telescopic link 35 stretches into left spacing hole 37, and right telescopic link 36 stretches into right spacing hole 38.
When the telescopic rod is installed, the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 extend out and respectively extend into the left limiting hole 37 and the right limiting hole 38, the aperture of the left limiting hole 37 and the right limiting hole 38 is larger than the end sizes of the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36, the left force transmission sleeve 17 and the right force transmission sleeve 18 are driven when the middle vertical rod 12 moves up and down, the left force transmission sleeve 17 and the right force transmission sleeve 18 can drive the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 to move in the left limiting hole 37 and the right limiting hole 38 by a small extent, when the left telescopic rod 35 is abutted in the left limiting hole 37, the left telescopic rod 35 is stressed, the right telescopic rod 36 is also the same, and therefore the middle vertical rod 12 is restrained in the vertical direction; after the device is installed, the external oil pipe 11 is connected with an oil pump, the lower dowel bar 16 and the middle vertical bar 12 are jacked up, so that the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 are not stressed in the left limiting hole 37 and the right limiting hole 38, a worker can jack the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 back by using a drill rod, and in the embodiment, the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 all need manual operation when being stretched out and retracted.
Further optimizing scheme, set up bolt fastening hole 39 on the spacing ear of left side 2 and the spacing ear of right 3.
The yielding caisson 1 is fixed on the side wall by bolts penetrating through the bolt fixing holes 39, and the bolts are removed after the device is installed.
The implementation method of the multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for the arch frame nodes of the deeply buried soft rock tunnel comprises the following steps:
step one: a vertical restraint mechanism is used for fixing the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar 10 in the yielding caisson 1; the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 are respectively extended into the left limiting hole 37 and the right limiting hole 38, so that the middle vertical rod 12 is vertically restrained;
step two: after the excavation construction of the upper step is finished, the yielding caisson 1 is fixed at the arch foot of the upper step by using the bolt fixing holes 39 penetrating through the left limit lug 2 and the right limit lug 3 of the bolts;
step three: fixedly connecting the upper step outer joint 4 with an upper step steel arch;
step four: in the lower step excavation construction process, fixedly connecting a lower step outer joint 6 with a lower step steel arch;
step five: repeating the steps a-d after the construction of the step is completed, and installing another device;
step six: after the next device works stably, connecting an external oil pipe 11 in the previous multistage resistance-increasing pressure-reducing sinking device with an oil pump, opening an external oil pipe switch 41, slightly adding oil pressure, jacking a lower dowel bar 16 by a hydraulic device, jacking a middle vertical bar 12 by the lower dowel bar 16, driving a left dowel sleeve 17 and a right dowel sleeve 18 to move upwards by the middle vertical bar 12, driving a left telescopic rod 35 and a right telescopic rod 36 to move upwards by the left dowel sleeve 17 and the right dowel sleeve 18, enabling the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 not to bear force in a left limiting hole 37 and a right limiting hole 38, conveniently retracting the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36, and conveniently removing the vertical constraint of the dowel bar 10 with the cross-shaped variable cross section;
step seven: the bolts in the left limiting hole 37 and the right limiting hole 38 on the device are removed, so that the axial stress of the steel arch is realized.
According to the working principle of the device, after the construction of the upper step steel arch is completed, the powerful spring 9 is compressed to realize yielding, then the constant resistor 8 arranged on the upper step force transfer plate 5 can realize yielding, the left telescopic rod 35 and the right telescopic rod 36 exit the left limiting hole 37 and the right limiting hole 38, the middle vertical rod 12 is not subjected to vertical constraint force any more, the pressure of the upper step steel arch is transmitted to the middle vertical rod 12 and then transmitted to the lower force transfer rod 16 from the middle vertical rod 12, the lower force transfer rod 16 can compress the first-stage oil pressure chamber 19, the hydraulic oil pressure in the first-stage oil pressure chamber 19 is increased, the hydraulic oil in the first-stage oil pressure chamber 19 is discharged into the second-stage oil pressure chamber 20 through the first-stage oil discharge hole 29 on the oil chamber partition plate 28, the hydraulic oil in the second-stage oil pressure chamber 20 is discharged into the third-stage oil pressure chamber 21 through the second-stage oil discharge hole 30, the hydraulic pressure in the third-stage oil pressure chamber 21 is increased, the hydraulic pressure in the third-stage oil chamber 21 is transmitted to the resistance-increasing powerful energy storage spring 26 through the pressure ring 27, yielding is realized through compression deformation of the resistance-increasing powerful energy storage spring 26, and meanwhile the constant resistor 8 arranged on the lower step force transfer plate 7 has a certain yielding effect.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Multistage yielding and sinking reducing device of deep-buried soft rock tunnel arch frame node, which is characterized by comprising:
let to press and subtract caisson (1), let to press and subtract roof guide slot and bottom plate guide slot on caisson (1), let to press and subtract caisson (1) external fixation have left spacing ear (2) and right spacing ear (3), slide in the roof guide slot and be provided with step-up external joint (4), step-up external joint (4) fixedly connected with step-up biography power board (5), slide in the bottom plate guide slot and be provided with step-down external joint (6), step-down external joint (6) fixedly connected with step-down biography power board (7);
multistage let the press mechanism, multistage let the press mechanism set up let press and subtract in caisson (1), multistage let the press mechanism include a plurality of constant resistance ware (8), a plurality of powerful spring (9), hydraulic press and cross deformation cross section dowel steel (10), go up step dowel steel (5) with cross deformation cross section dowel steel (10) fixed connection, go up step dowel steel (5) with let and be provided with a plurality of between caisson (1) constant resistance ware (8), step dowel steel (7) with let press and subtract and be provided with a plurality of between caisson (1) constant resistance ware (8), powerful spring (9) set up go up step dowel steel (5) with between cross deformation cross section dowel steel (10), hydraulic press set up cross deformation cross section dowel steel (10) with down between step dowel steel (7), be provided with vertical restraint mechanism on cross deformation cross section dowel steel (10), hydraulic press intercommunication has external oil pipe (11).
2. The multistage yielding and sinking device for arch joints of deeply buried soft rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the cross-shaped variable cross section dowel bar (10) comprises a middle vertical bar (12), an upper sleeve (13) is fixedly connected to the top end of the middle vertical bar (12), an upper telescopic bar (14) is inserted into the upper sleeve (13), the upper telescopic bar (14) is fixedly connected with an upper step dowel bar (5), a limit column (15) is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve (13), a powerful spring (9) is sleeved on the upper sleeve (13), one end of the powerful spring (9) is abutted to the upper step dowel bar (5), the other end of the powerful spring (9) is abutted to the limit column (15), a lower dowel bar (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the middle vertical bar (12), the lower dowel bar (16) is in transmission connection with a hydraulic device, and a vertical constraint mechanism is arranged on the middle vertical bar (12).
3. The multistage yielding and sinking device for arch joints of deeply buried soft rock tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: be provided with one-level oil pressure room (19), second grade oil pressure room (20) and tertiary oil pressure room (21) in the hydraulic press, one-level oil pressure room (19) with second grade oil pressure room (20) intercommunication, second grade oil pressure room (20) with tertiary oil pressure room (21) intercommunication, tertiary oil pressure room (21) with external oil pipe (11) intercommunication, lower dowel (16) with one-level oil pressure room (19) transmission is connected, let and offered oil pipe hole (22) on subtracting caisson (1), external oil pipe (11) wear to establish in oil pipe hole (22).
4. The multistage yielding and sinking device for the arch frame nodes of the deeply buried soft rock tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: the hydraulic pressure device comprises an outer sleeve (23), an inner sleeve (24), a closed steel ring (25), a high-resistance and high-energy storage spring (26), a pressure ring (27), an oil chamber partition plate (28) and an external oil pipe (11), wherein the inner sleeve (24) is positioned in the outer sleeve (23), the closed steel ring (25) is fixedly connected between the outer sleeve (23) and the inner sleeve (24), the pressure ring (27) is positioned between the inner sleeve (24) and the outer sleeve (23), the pressure ring (27) is arranged between the inner sleeve (24) and the outer sleeve (23) in a sliding manner, a spring energy storage chamber (40) is formed between the pressure ring (27), the outer sleeve (23) and the inner sleeve (24), the high-resistance and high-energy storage spring (26) is positioned in the spring energy storage chamber (40), two ends of the high-resistance and high-energy storage spring (26) are respectively fixedly connected with the closed steel ring (25) and the pressure ring (27), the partition plate (28) is fixedly connected with the inner sleeve (24), the oil chamber (24) is inserted into the oil chamber (16) The hydraulic oil pump is characterized in that a primary oil pressure chamber (19) is formed between the inner sleeve (24) and the lower dowel bar (16), an oil chamber partition plate (28), a secondary oil pressure chamber (20) is formed between the inner sleeve (24) and the outer sleeve (23), a tertiary oil pressure chamber (21) is formed between the pressure ring (27), the inner sleeve (24) and the outer sleeve (23), a primary oil drain hole (29) is formed in the oil chamber partition plate (28), and a secondary oil drain hole (30) is formed in the bottom of the inner sleeve (24).
5. The multistage yielding and sinking device for arch joints of deeply buried soft rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the constant resistance device (8) comprises an expansion pipe (31) and expansion nails (32), wherein the expansion nails (32) are positioned in the expansion pipe (31), one end of the expansion pipe (31) is fixedly connected with a conical pipe (33), the conical pipe (33) is fixedly connected in the yielding and sinking box (1), one end of the expansion nails (32) is fixedly connected with a round cap (34), the round cap (34) is matched with the conical pipe (33), and a plurality of the expansion nails (32) are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper step force transfer plate (5) and the lower step force transfer plate (7).
6. The multistage yielding and sinking device for arch joints of deeply buried soft rock tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: vertical restraint mechanism includes left telescopic link (35) and right telescopic link (36), fixedly connected with left power transmission sleeve (17) and right power transmission sleeve (18) on well montant (12), left telescopic link (35) embedding in left power transmission sleeve (17), right telescopic link (36) embedding in right power transmission sleeve (18), let to press and have seted up left spacing hole (37) and right spacing hole (38) on subtracting caisson (1), left telescopic link (35) stretch into left spacing hole (37), right telescopic link (36) stretch into right spacing hole (38).
7. The multistage yielding and sinking device for arch joints of deeply buried soft rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: bolt fixing holes (39) are formed in the left limiting lug (2) and the right limiting lug (3).
8. The implementation method of the multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for the arch frame nodes of the deep-buried soft-rock tunnel is based on the multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for the arch frame nodes of the deep-buried soft-rock tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
step one: a vertical constraint mechanism is used for fixing a cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar (10) in the yielding caisson (1);
step two: after the excavation construction of the upper step is finished, the yielding and sinking box (1) is fixed at the arch foot of the upper step through the left limiting lug (2) and the right limiting lug (3);
step three: fixedly connecting an upper step outer joint (4) with an upper step steel arch;
step four: in the excavation construction process of the lower step, fixedly connecting the outer joint (6) of the lower step with a steel arch frame of the lower step;
step five: repeating the step a when the construction of the step is completed ～ d, installing another section of steel arch;
step six: after the next multistage resistance-increasing pressure-reducing sinking device works stably, connecting an external oil pipe (11) in the multistage resistance-increasing pressure-reducing sinking device with an oil pump, opening a switch of the external oil pipe (11), slightly adding oil pressure, jacking up the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar (10) by a hydraulic device, and removing the vertical constraint of the cross-shaped variable-section dowel bar (10);
step seven: the anchoring constraint of the left limiting lug (2) and the right limiting lug (3) on the multistage resistance-increasing pressure-reducing sinking device is removed, and the axial stress of the steel arch is realized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311591609.6A CN117386410A (en) | 2023-11-27 | 2023-11-27 | Multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame nodes of deep-buried soft rock tunnel and implementation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311591609.6A CN117386410A (en) | 2023-11-27 | 2023-11-27 | Multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame nodes of deep-buried soft rock tunnel and implementation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117386410A true CN117386410A (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311591609.6A Withdrawn CN117386410A (en) | 2023-11-27 | 2023-11-27 | Multistage yielding and sinking reducing device for arch frame nodes of deep-buried soft rock tunnel and implementation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117386410A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-27 CN CN202311591609.6A patent/CN117386410A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20240112 |