CN117385327A - High-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ti: nb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
- C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the chemical components in percentage by mass are as follows: 0.25 to 0.35 percent, si:0.18 to 0.38 percent, mn:0.25 to 0.55 percent, cr:1.60 to 2.40 percent of Ni:1.60 to 2.40 percent, mo:0.25 to 0.45 percent, al:0.015 to 0.045 percent, nb+V+Ti is less than or equal to 0.12 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.013 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, H: less than or equal to 0.0002 percent, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. The manufacturing process comprises the steps of EAF electric furnace smelting, LF refining, VD vacuum degassing, die casting, cogging, rolling, tempering and shearing. The thickness of the uniform target plate manufactured by the method is 150-180mm, and the uniform target plate has the characteristics of high strength, good toughness, uniform components and performances, light segregation degree, small thickness tolerance and the like, and can be used for testing the armor piercing power of different types of armor piercing bullets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special steel smelting, and particularly relates to a high-performance tempering uniform target plate and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In the range test of antitank projectile species, the target plate is a target for checking the power performance of a projectile (armor piercing projectile, armor breaking projectile), warhead and the like. Target plates are classified according to materials, and can be classified into metal target plates and nonmetal target plates. The target plate is classified according to an armor structure and can be divided into a single-layer target plate, a spacing target plate, a composite target plate, a spacing composite target plate, a reaction armor target plate and the like. Wherein, the single-layer target plate is divided into two types of uniform target plate and non-uniform target plate according to the mechanical property or chemical composition in the thickness direction.
The quality of the homogeneous target plate is one of important factors influencing the armor piercing power test result, and certain requirements are set on the mechanical property and the size and the appearance of the material, and the material is required to have uniform property and small anisotropism.
The invention patent with publication number of CN108411074B 'a preparation process of a quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate', which comprises the following technological processes of forging a steel ingot by a press, annealing, machining and quenching and tempering in sequence, wherein the obtained quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate has uniform planar structure, uniform hardness and small anisotropy of performance. The patent describes a production process for tempering a uniform target plate, but does not describe chemical components and performance indexes of the uniform target plate, and does not require unevenness of the target plate. In addition, the production process disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of long period and complex working procedures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a high-performance quenched and tempered uniform target plate and a manufacturing method thereof aiming at the prior art, and has the characteristics of high strength, excellent toughness, uniform performance, low production cost, short processing period and the like.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: a high performance quenching and tempering homogeneous target plate, its characterized in that: the target plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.25 to 0.35 percent, si:0.18 to 0.38 percent, mn:0.25 to 0.55 percent, cr:1.60 to 2.40 percent of Ni:1.60 to 2.40 percent, mo:0.25 to 0.45 percent, al: 0.015-0.045%, cu: less than or equal to 0.20 percent, nb+V+Ti less than or equal to 0.12 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.013 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, H: less than or equal to 0.0002 percent, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
The thickness of the target plate is 150-180mm, and the unevenness is less than or equal to 4mm/m.
The thicknesses of the target plate are 1/4 and 1/2, and metallographic structures close to the surface are uniform tempered sorbite.
Through detection, the hardness of the target plate reaches 241-302HBW, the yield strength is 680-800MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 10%, the area shrinkage is more than or equal to 50%, and the Charpy U-shaped impact energy at 20 ℃ is more than or equal to 90J.
The reasons for the above components and weight percentages thereof are described in detail below:
c: c as a solid solution element can improve the strength and hardness of steel and increase the hardenability of steel, but too high a C content can reduce the plasticity and impact toughness of steel. Therefore, the C content of the present invention is suitably controlled to 0.25 to 0.35%.
Si: si acts as a reducing agent and a deoxidizing agent in the steelmaking process, and improves the strength of steel in a solid solution strengthening form, but an excessively high Si content increases cold crack sensitivity and causes degradation of the surface quality of the steel sheet. The Si content of the invention is controlled between 0.18 and 0.38 percent.
Mn: mn is a weak deoxidizer in the steelmaking process, and can improve the strength of steel through a solid solution strengthening mode. However, when the Mn content is too high, segregation tends to occur in the core of the steel sheet, and Mn segregation aggravates the deterioration of toughness, and affects the uniformity of the whole steel sheet. Therefore, the Mn content of the present invention is controlled to be 0.25 to 0.55%.
Cr: cr is an element for improving the hardenability of steel, and can improve the strength, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of steel. The main function in quenched and tempered steel is to improve the hardenability, so that the steel has better comprehensive mechanical properties after quenching and tempering. The Cr content of the invention is controlled to be 1.60-2.40%.
Ni: ni is a solid solution strengthening agent in steel and is also a good hardenability additive, so that the strength of the steel can be improved. At the same time, ni has a favorable effect on impact toughness and ductile-brittle transition temperature. Therefore, the Ni content of the present invention is controlled to be 1.60 to 2.40%.
Mo: mo can significantly improve the strength and hardenability of steel, and in particular, can improve the tempering stability of steel. The addition of a certain amount of Mo in the low alloy steel can improve the strength without deteriorating the low temperature impact property, thereby being beneficial to obtaining fine-grain tempered sorbite after tempering and improving the toughness of the steel plate. The Mo content of the invention is controlled to be 0.25-0.45%.
Nb, V, ti: nb, V and Ti are microalloying elements, and are main elements for refining austenite grain size; nb can refine grains through solid solution strengthening and strain-induced precipitation strengthening, so that the strength and toughness of steel are improved, and the Nb is a preferred element for controlling rolling; v is an element that precipitates V (C, N) and can significantly improve the strength of steel in the form of diffuse precipitation. Ti is an effective element for fixing N and C, can refine prior austenite grains, can be dissolved into austenite to form solid solution, and strengthens steel; the invention mainly considers the effect of refining grains, and comprehensively considers that the total content of Nb+V+Ti is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.12 percent.
P: p is an impurity element in steel, is easy to form intergranular segregation, and makes the steel easy to generate brittle cracks, and brings adverse effects to the toughness of the high-strength steel plate, and the content of P should be reduced as much as possible. The invention controls P to be less than or equal to 0.013 percent.
S: s is a generally harmful element in steel, which is easily present as sulfide inclusions in steel, and reduces ductility and toughness of steel, and the S content is controlled to not more than 0.005% in the present invention.
H. O: H. o is a harmful gas element in the steel, and the higher the content, the more inclusions are caused, the processing cracks are caused, and the lower the content is, the better the control is. The O content is controlled to be not higher than 0.0020 percent; h content is less than or equal to 0.0002 percent.
The manufacturing method of the high-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting and pouring: scrap steel and part of molten iron are used as electric furnace steelmaking raw materials, and the smelting raw materials are sequentially smelted by an EAF electric furnace, LF refined and VD vacuum degassed, and then cast into steel ingots with chemical components meeting the requirements. The superheat degree in the molten steel casting process is controlled at 15-45 ℃, and the whole process is protected by argon, so that a flat steel ingot with the thickness of more than or equal to 900mm is cast, and the single weight of the steel ingot is more than or equal to 35 tons. And (5) slowly cooling the steel ingot with the die for more than or equal to 24 hours, and then uncapping. Cleaning the steel ingot with temperature after uncapping, wherein the cleaning temperature is more than or equal to 100 ℃.
(2) Cogging: the steel ingot is heated in sections in a soaking pit, and is kept for 2-4 hours after being heated to 1220-1260 ℃. After the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is descaled by high-pressure water, and after the descaling, the steel ingot is opened into an intermediate billet with the thickness of 370-450mm in a blooming mill. And 2-3 passes before cogging rolling are widening passes, and steel turning rolling is performed after widening.
(3) Rolling: and heating the intermediate blank by adopting a step heating furnace, wherein the intermediate blank is heated to 1220-1260 ℃ for 12-15 min/cm, so that alloy elements in the steel are fully dissolved in solid, and the uniformity of the components and the performance of a finished product is ensured. The intermediate billet is rolled after being discharged from the heating furnace and subjected to high-pressure water descaling treatment. The initial rolling temperature is controlled between 1030 ℃ and 1100 ℃. The single-pass pressing amount of the previous 3 passes is 30 mm-50 mm, and the final rolling temperature is 800-900 ℃. The last 1-2 passes of rolling are flattening passes, so that the flatness of the steel plate is ensured. After rolling, the steel plate is coiled at the surface temperature of more than or equal to 500 ℃, is put into a slow cooling pit or a cover for slow cooling after being coiled, and the slow cooling time is more than or equal to 48 hours.
(4) And (3) heat treatment: and carrying out normalizing, quenching and tempering heat treatment on the slowly cooled steel plate in sequence, wherein the normalizing is to realize uniform structure and reduce the segregation degree of the steel plate. And the martensitic structure is obtained by quenching, so that the strength and hardness of the steel plate are improved. And (5) tempering to obtain a tempered sorbite structure, and eliminating quenching residual stress. Normalizing temperature is 880-900 ℃, and heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 2.2-2.5 min/mm, and air cooling. Quenching and heating of quenching and tempering are carried out by using a continuous furnace, the quenching temperature is 880-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 2.5-3.0min/mm, using a quenching machine to quench the steel plate until the water outlet surface temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature. Tempering treatment is also carried out in a continuous furnace, the tempering temperature is 600-660 ℃, and the heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 3.0-4.0 min/mm, and air cooling to room temperature after discharging.
(5) Shearing: and cutting the steel plate into the required size by adopting a sawing or flame cutting mode according to the size requirement of the finished target plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the component design of the invention adopts the component design of medium carbon and Cr+Ni+Mo alloy, improves the strength, hardness, toughness and wear resistance of steel, and simultaneously matches the component design of Nb+V+Ti microalloying, thereby fully playing the roles of precipitation strengthening and fine grain strengthening and further obtaining the target plate with high performance.
According to the method, 3-5 passes before rolling are set to be widening passes in the cogging stage, and steel turning rolling is carried out after widening, so that the flatness of the intermediate blank is improved. And the last 1-2 passes are set as leveling passes in the rolling stage, so that the flatness of the steel plate is improved, and the unevenness of the finished target plate is ensured to be less than or equal to 4mm/m.
The normalizing process is arranged before the quenching process in the heat treatment stage, so that the segregation of alloy elements is reduced, the composition and the performance uniformity of the target plate after quenching and tempering are improved, and the service performance of the product is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be described in more detail in connection with the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, these examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
Examples 1-3:
according to the chemical composition range and the manufacturing method of the invention, the high-performance tempering uniform target plate with the thickness of 150-180mm is manufactured through the steps of EAF electric furnace smelting, LF refining, VD vacuum degassing, die casting, cogging, rolling, heat treatment and shearing. The specific compositions corresponding to the target plates of the examples are shown in Table 1.
The specific process of the manufacturing method is as follows:
(1) Smelting and pouring: scrap steel and part of molten iron are used as electric furnace steelmaking raw materials, and the smelting raw materials are sequentially smelted by an EAF electric furnace, LF refined and VD vacuum degassed, and then cast into steel ingots with chemical components meeting the requirements. The superheat degree in the molten steel casting process is controlled at 20-45 ℃, and the whole process is protected by argon, so that a flat steel ingot with the thickness of more than or equal to 900mm is cast, and the single weight of the steel ingot is more than or equal to 35 tons. And (5) slowly cooling the steel ingot with the die for more than or equal to 48 hours, and then uncapping. Cleaning the steel ingot with temperature after uncapping, wherein the cleaning temperature is more than or equal to 100 ℃. The smelting and casting process parameters of each example are shown in table 2.
(2) Cogging: the steel ingot is heated in sections in a soaking pit, and is kept for 3 hours after being heated to 1220-1260 ℃. After the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is descaled by high-pressure water, and after the descaling, the steel ingot is opened into an intermediate billet with the thickness of 450-550mm in a blooming mill. And 3-5 passes before cogging rolling are widening passes, and steel turning rolling is performed after widening.
(3) Rolling: and heating the intermediate blank by adopting a step heating furnace, wherein the intermediate blank is heated to 1220-1260 ℃ for 12-15 min/cm, so that alloy elements in the steel are fully dissolved in solid, and the uniformity of the components and the performance of a finished product is ensured. The intermediate billet is rolled after being subjected to high-pressure water descaling treatment after being discharged from the heating furnace, so that the influence of iron scale pressing in on the surface quality of the steel plate during rolling is avoided. The initial rolling temperature is controlled between 1030 ℃ and 1100 ℃. The single-pass pressing amount of the previous 3 passes is 30 mm-50 mm, and the final rolling temperature is 800-900 ℃. After rolling, the steel plate is coiled at the surface temperature of more than or equal to 500 ℃, is put into a slow cooling pit or a cover for slow cooling after being coiled, and the slow cooling time is more than or equal to 48 hours. The rolling process parameters of each example are shown in Table 3.
(5) And (3) heat treatment: and carrying out normalizing, quenching and tempering heat treatment on the slowly cooled steel plate in sequence, wherein the normalizing is to realize uniform structure, eliminate segregation, quench to obtain a martensitic structure and temper to obtain a tempered sorbite structure. Normalizing heating temperature is 880-900 ℃, and heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 2.2-2.5 min/mm, and air cooling. Quenching and heating of quenching and tempering are carried out by using a continuous furnace, the quenching temperature is 880-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 2.5-3.0min/mm, water quenching to 70-80 ℃ of the water outlet surface temperature of the steel plate by using a quenching machine, and air cooling to room temperature. Tempering treatment is also carried out in a continuous furnace, the tempering temperature is 620-640 ℃, and the heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 3-4min/mm, and air cooling to room temperature after discharging. The heat treatment process parameters of each example are shown in Table 4.
(6) Shearing: cutting the steel plate into the required size according to the size requirement of the finished target plate.
TABLE 1 chemical composition (wt%) of homogeneous target plates of examples 1-3
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Al | Mo | Ni | Nb+V+Ti | H | O |
| 0.28 | 0.25 | 0.36 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 1.95 | 1.90 | 0.028 | 0.36 | 2.9 | 0.12 | 0.00015 | 0.0012 |
| 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.007 | 0.003 | 1.90 | 2.02 | 0.030 | 0.35 | 2.88 | 0.13 | 0.00016 | 0.0010 |
| 0.30 | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.008 | 0.002 | 1.98 | 1.96 | 0.026 | 0.35 | 2.89 | 0.11 | 0.00014 | 0.0013 |
Table 2 examples 1-3 homogeneous target smelting and casting process parameters
TABLE 3 Process parameters for the rolling of homogeneous target plates of examples 1-3
TABLE 4 Process parameters for heat treatment of homogeneous target plates of examples 1-3
TABLE 5 average mass target unevenness, tensile and impact Properties of examples 1-3
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it is to be clearly understood that the same may be varied in many ways by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate is characterized in that the target plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.25 to 0.35 percent, si:0.18 to 0.38 percent, mn:0.25 to 0.45 percent, cr:1.60 to 2.40 percent of Ni:1.60 to 2.40 percent, mo:0.25 to 0.45 percent, al:0.015 to 0.045 percent, nb+V+Ti is less than or equal to 0.12 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.013 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, H: less than or equal to 0.0002 percent, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
2. The high-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the target plate is 150-180mm and the unevenness is less than or equal to 4mm/m.
3. The high-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate according to claim 1, wherein the target plate has a hardness of 241-302HBW, a yield strength of 680-800MPa, an elongation of not less than 10%, a reduction of area of not less than 50%, and a Charpy U-shaped impact energy of not less than 90J at 20 ℃.
4. The high-performance quenched and tempered homogeneous target plate according to claim 1, wherein the target plate has a thickness of 1/4, 1/2 and a metallographic structure close to the surface of uniform tempered sorbite.
5. A method of manufacturing a high performance quality control target according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting and pouring: scrap steel and part of molten iron are used as electric furnace steelmaking raw materials, and the smelting raw materials are sequentially smelted by an EAF electric furnace, LF refined and VD vacuum degassed, and then cast into steel ingots with chemical components meeting the requirements;
2) Cogging: the steel ingot is heated in sections in a soaking pit, the temperature is kept for 2 to 4 hours after the steel ingot is heated to 1220 to 1260 ℃, the steel ingot is descaled by high-pressure water after being discharged from the soaking pit, and the steel ingot is opened into an intermediate billet with the thickness of 370 to 450mm in a blooming mill after the descaled;
3) Rolling: heating the intermediate blank by adopting a step heating furnace, heating the intermediate blank to 1220-1260 ℃ for 12-15 min/cm, so that alloy elements in steel are fully dissolved in solid, and the uniformity of the components and the performances of a finished product is ensured;
4) And (3) heat treatment: and carrying out normalizing, quenching and tempering heat treatment on the slowly cooled steel plate in sequence, wherein the normalizing is to realize uniform structure and reduce the segregation degree of the steel plate. Quenching to obtain a martensitic structure, improving the strength and hardness of the steel plate, tempering to obtain a tempered sorbite structure, and eliminating quenching residual stress;
5) Shearing: and cutting the steel plate into the required size by adopting a sawing or flame cutting mode according to the size requirement of the finished target plate.
6. The method for manufacturing a high-performance tempered homogeneous target plate according to claim 5, wherein: the superheat degree in the molten steel casting process in the step 1) is controlled at 15-45 ℃, the whole process argon protection is adopted, a flat steel ingot with the thickness of more than or equal to 900mm is cast, the single weight of the steel ingot is more than or equal to 35 tons, the steel ingot is uncapped after being slowly cooled for more than or equal to 24 hours with a die, and the steel ingot is cleaned at the temperature of more than or equal to 100 ℃ after uncapping.
7. The method for manufacturing a high-performance tempered homogeneous target plate according to claim 5, wherein: and 2-3 passes before cogging and rolling in the step 2) are widening passes, and steel turning and rolling are carried out after widening.
8. The method for manufacturing a high-performance tempered homogeneous target plate according to claim 5, wherein: the initial rolling temperature in the step 3) is controlled at 1030-1100 ℃, the single-pass rolling amount of the first 3 passes is 30-50 mm, the final rolling temperature is 800-900 ℃, the last 1-2 passes of rolling are flattening passes, the flatness of the steel plate is ensured, after the rolling is finished, the steel plate is off-line at the surface temperature of more than or equal to 500 ℃, and after off-line, the steel plate is put into a slow cooling pit or is covered and slowly cooled, and the slow cooling time is more than or equal to 48 hours.
9. The method for manufacturing a high-performance tempered homogeneous target plate according to claim 5, wherein: the normalizing temperature in the step 4) is 880-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 2.2-2.5 min/mm, air cooling, quenching and heating for quenching and tempering are carried out by using a continuous furnace, the quenching temperature is 880-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 2.5-3.0min/mm, using a quenching machine to quench the steel plate until the water outlet surface temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃, then air-cooling to room temperature, tempering treatment is also carried out in a continuous furnace, the tempering temperature is 600-660 ℃, and the heat preservation time coefficient is as follows: 3.0-4.0 min/mm, and air cooling to room temperature after discharging.
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