CN117385238A - Silicon-aluminum composite material, compressor roller, compressor and air conditioning equipment - Google Patents

Silicon-aluminum composite material, compressor roller, compressor and air conditioning equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117385238A
CN117385238A CN202311270555.3A CN202311270555A CN117385238A CN 117385238 A CN117385238 A CN 117385238A CN 202311270555 A CN202311270555 A CN 202311270555A CN 117385238 A CN117385238 A CN 117385238A
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China
Prior art keywords
roller
silicon
compressor
aluminum composite
composite material
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CN202311270555.3A
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Inventor
郑慧芸
贾波
史正良
李业林
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to CN202311270555.3A priority Critical patent/CN117385238A/en
Publication of CN117385238A publication Critical patent/CN117385238A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/06—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/10—Etching compositions
    • C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
    • C23F1/32—Alkaline compositions
    • C23F1/36—Alkaline compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/356—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/20—Rotors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-aluminum composite material, a compressor roller, a compressor and air conditioning equipment. Wherein, the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 31 to 33 percent of Si, 0.1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 2 percent of Cu, 3 to 3.5 percent of Zn, 2 to 8 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of Ce, 0.1 to 1.5 percent of Fe and the balance of Al. The invention improves the wear resistance and strength of the silicon-aluminum composite material to a certain extent. The compressor roller adopting the silicon-aluminum composite material effectively improves antifriction, and the structural design of the compressor roller can reduce the rotational moment of inertia in the operation process of the pump body while ensuring high volumetric efficiency design; the design of the gap between the roller structure and the cylinder can be reduced; the volumetric efficiency of the compressor can be remarkably improved, and the energy efficiency of the compressor is improved; meanwhile, the efficiency of the air conditioning equipment is improved.

Description

Silicon-aluminum composite material, compressor roller, compressor and air conditioning equipment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal composite materials and compressors, and particularly relates to a silicon-aluminum composite material, a compressor roller, a compressor and air conditioning equipment.
Background
The working principle of the rolling rotor compressor is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, in the cylindrical cylinder 3, a cylindrical roller 2 is placed, and the rotation center of the roller 2 coincides with the center of the cylinder 3, but the outer surface of the roller 1 and the rotation center line of the roller are not symmetrical but eccentric. The roller 2 is driven by a motor to rotate by means of a crankshaft eccentric circle sleeved on the inner diameter of the roller. A sliding sheet capable of sliding up and down is placed in a sliding sheet groove of the air cylinder 3, and a pump spring is installed at one end of the sliding sheet, so that one end of the sliding sheet is always contacted with the outer circle of the roller, and the sliding sheet is ensured to reciprocate in the sliding sheet groove. Therefore, the high-pressure cavity and the low-pressure cavity are formed by the sliding vane, the inner surface of the cylinder, the outer surface of the roller and the upper flange 1 and the lower flange of the two end surfaces of the cylinder, the crankshaft drives the roller 2 to rotate for a circle, and the suction of air from the low-pressure cavity and the exhaustion of air from the high-pressure cavity finish one working cycle, and the working principle of the rolling rotor compressor is that the above processes are repeated continuously.
As shown in FIG. 2, the existing compressor roller material is generally selected from alloy cast iron with the density of 7.2g/cm 3 The mass is relatively large. When the pump body runs, the crankshaft drives the roller 2 to do high-speed motion, and simultaneously, the roller itself performs autorotation motion. The rotation speed of the roller 2 is not a constant but alternately rolls in the forward and reverse directions along the inner surface of the cylinder 3 and slowly moves forward around the center line thereof. When the mass of the piston is large, the idle work consumed by the rotation of the piston is larger, the moment of inertia is increased, the absolute value of the rotation angular velocity of the roller is reduced, the absolute value of the relative sliding velocity of the roller 2 and the sliding vane is increased, and the friction is generated The more intense.
The efficiency and long life of the compressor are the goals of compressor design, compressor COP = refrigeration capacity/power consumption. The volume formed by the slide blade head, the outer surface of the roller and the inner surface of the cylinder determines the gas volume of the compressor. Theoretically, when the displacement is fixed, the larger the volume design formed by the roller, the cylinder and the sliding vane is, the higher the cooling capacity is. Currently, the industry inner roller solution is divided into two directions, one is: the rollers run a thin high-speed line, and the deflection of the structure is small, but the volumetric efficiency is low; the other direction is: the rollers travel a flat path, and the rotational inertia is large although the structure has high volumetric efficiency.
The same cylinder can correspond to a series of displacement, and different displacement can be realized by only changing the outer diameter of the roller. According to a theoretical calculation formula of the displacement of the compressor, the smaller the displacement of the same cylinder structure is, the smaller the gap between the roller and the cylinder is required, so that the outer diameter D and the wall thickness h of the roller are increased, and the weight of the roller is also increased. The greater the idle work consumed by the roller itself during operation of the compressor, due to its weight increasing its rotation. Obviously this is disadvantageous for improving compressor efficiency. In order to reduce the idle work of the rotation of the roller, the wall thickness h of the roller needs to be reduced, and a method for increasing the inner diameter d of the roller is often directly adopted. The increase of the inner diameter D of the roller is feasible when dealing with small displacement, but when dealing with large displacement, the gap between the roller and the cylinder needs to be increased to reduce the outer diameter D, and the inner diameter D of the roller needs to be increased to directly enable the wall thickness h of the roller to be too thin, so that the rigidity of the roller is insufficient when working, and the deformation cannot meet the sealing requirement.
As shown in fig. 3, in the compressor industry, when the displacement is fixed, the empirical formula of the design of the roller 2 is roller outer diameter/cylinder outer diameter=0.84 to 0.92, cylinder height/cylinder inner diameter=0.2 to 1, radial clearance (cylinder height-roller height) =10 to 15 μm. From the viewpoint of the volumetric efficiency design, the flatter the design of the roller 2, the larger the cylinder inside diameter, and the larger the effective volume constituted by the roller outside diameter and the cylinder inside diameter, the higher the volumetric efficiency, for the same displacement. However, in actual use, the larger the outer diameter of the roller, the larger the dead weight of the roller 2, and the larger the rotational moment of inertia during operation, so that the vibration and noise of the compressor are increased; on the other hand, the expansion coefficient of the existing alloy cast iron roller is larger, so that the height clearance between the roller 2 and the cylinder 3 is designed to be large, and leakage is large. In summary, the actual volumetric efficiency design of existing compressors does not reach an optimal value.
In addition, as the alloy material commonly used at present, the aluminum-silicon alloy composite material generally comprises an alpha-Al, al-Si solid solution and a small amount of eutectic silicon, and the matrix is a soft matrix alpha-Al, so that the hardness of the aluminum-silicon alloy material is low and the wear resistance is poor.
In summary, the prior art has at least the following technical problems:
(1) The existing silicon-aluminum alloy composite material has relatively poor hardness and wear resistance, and is not suitable for being used as a compressor roller material.
(2) The existing silicon-aluminum alloy composite material has poor surface wear resistance and hardness, so that a coating is required to be processed on the surface when the silicon-aluminum alloy composite material is used on a machine part which needs a certain hardness and wear resistance, and the process is further complicated.
(3) The existing compressor roller has low volumetric efficiency due to the large dead weight.
(4) The radial design clearance of the existing compressor roller is larger due to the larger thermal expansion coefficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a silicon-aluminum composite material, a compressor roller, a compressor and an air conditioning device, and the main purpose of the invention is to provide a silicon-aluminum composite material, which can solve the problem of poor wear resistance and hardness of the existing silicon-aluminum composite material.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a silicon-aluminum composite material, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 31 to 33 percent of Si, 0.1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 2 percent of Cu, 3 to 3.5 percent of Zn, 2 to 8 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of Ce, 0.1 to 1.5 percent of Fe and the balance of Al.
The silicon-aluminum composite material comprises a matrix alpha-Al phase and eutectic silicon particles.
The strength of the silicon-aluminum composite material is more than 350Mpa, and the hardness is more than 100HB.
The invention also provides a silicon-aluminum composite material piece, and the surface structure of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein,
the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances so as to improve antifriction property;
the convex parts of the concave-convex structures are eutectic silicon particles of silicon-aluminum composite materials.
The silicon-aluminum composite material piece is made of the silicon-aluminum composite material.
The depth of at least part of the concave part of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is 4-6 mu m.
In the silicon-aluminum composite material piece, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon grains of at least part of the protruding parts is 3-5 mu m.
The invention also provides a compressor roller, and the compressor roller is made of silicon-aluminum composite material;
the surface structure of the compressor roller is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein,
the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances so as to improve antifriction property;
The convex parts of the concave-convex structures are eutectic silicon particles of silicon-aluminum composite materials.
The compressor roller is made of the silicon-aluminum composite material.
In the compressor roller, the depth of at least part of the concave part is 4-6 mu m.
In the compressor roller, the grain size of eutectic silicon grains at least in part of the protruding part is 3-5 μm.
A compressor roller of the type described above having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 11.5X10 -6 ～12×10 -6 ℃ -1 。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compressor roller, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): processing the silicon-aluminum composite material into a roller piece;
step 2): and carrying out chemical etching treatment on the outer surface of the roller piece to obtain the compressor roller after the chemical etching treatment.
The preparation method of the compressor roller comprises the following steps of: and (3) adopting NaOH solution as etching liquid to carry out chemical etching treatment on the outer surface of the roller piece.
In the preparation method of the compressor roller, in the step 2), the volume concentration of the NaOH solution is 13-16%, and the chemical etching treatment time is 20-40 min.
The preparation method of the compressor roller comprises the following steps of: the surface roughness Ra of the compressor roller after chemical etching treatment is more than 1.6 mu m, the surface structure has a concave-convex structure, wherein the depth of at least part of the concave parts is 4-6 mu m, and the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles of at least part of the convex parts is 3-5 mu m.
The preparation method of the compressor roller further comprises the following steps:
step 3): and (3) carrying out a lubrication layer filling treatment on the outer surface of the roller piece after the chemical etching treatment to obtain the compressor roller.
The invention also provides a compressor comprising a compressor roller according to any one of the above.
The height of the compressor roller and the height of the cylinder of the compressor meet the following conditions: the difference between the height of the cylinder and the height of the compressor roller is 8-9 μm.
In the compressor, the difference between the height of the compressor roller and the height of the cylinder is a, and the thickness of the compressor roller is b; wherein a/b=1.3 to 1.5.
The invention also provides air conditioning equipment, which comprises the compressor of any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the silicon-aluminum composite material, the compressor roller, the compressor and the air conditioning equipment provided by the invention have at least the following beneficial effects.
In one aspect, the invention provides a silicon-aluminum composite material, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 31 to 33 percent of Si, 0.1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 2 percent of Cu, 3 to 3.5 percent of Zn, 2 to 8 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of Ce, 0.1 to 1.5 percent of Fe and the balance of Al. Compared with the traditional aluminum alloy, the silicon-aluminum composite material provided by the invention has the advantages that the content of Si is increased, so that more eutectic silicon with high hardness can be formed by the silicon-aluminum composite material, and the wear resistance of the silicon-aluminum composite material is improved to a certain extent. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem of high stress concentration brittleness of eutectic silicon based on coarse, the invention correspondingly improves the contents of Mn, cr and Ce elements in the silicon-aluminum composite material, and can refine the structure of the silicon-aluminum composite material and eliminate the internal stress under the synergistic effect of the alloy elements. In addition, the invention improves the content of Mg and Zn elements in the components, thereby improving the strength of the silicon-aluminum composite material. In conclusion, the silicon-aluminum composite material is light in weight, has better wear resistance and antifriction property, and can be used for manufacturing the material of the compressor roller.
On the other hand, the invention provides a silicon-aluminum composite material piece which is prepared from the silicon-aluminum composite material. Specifically, the silicon-aluminum composite material part provided by the invention has the following structure: the outer surface tissue of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein, the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances so as to improve antifriction property; the convex parts of the concave-convex structure are eutectic silicon particles of the silicon-aluminum composite material. With respect to the structure, the silicon particles on the surface of the workpiece are protruded out of the surface of the matrix to bear by taking the silicon-aluminum composite material as a base material and carrying out chemical etching treatment on the surface of the workpiece after the silicon-aluminum composite material is processed into the workpiece, so that the wear resistance of the silicon-aluminum composite material is improved; the concave parts can be used for filling lubricating substances, so that the antifriction property of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece can be improved. Therefore, the silicon-aluminum composite material piece provided by the invention has excellent wear resistance and antifriction property.
Furthermore, when the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is used on a machine part with certain hardness and wear resistance, the silicon-aluminum composite material piece can be applied to the workpiece after etching treatment and selective filling treatment without processing a coating on the surface of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece, so that the working procedure is simplified.
The invention provides a compressor roller; the compressor roller is prepared from the silicon-aluminum composite material. Specifically, after the silicon-aluminum composite material is processed into the roller piece, the roller piece is treated in a chemical etching and filling mode of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece, so that the compressor roller has the beneficial effects of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece, and specifically comprises the following steps: the surface structure of the compressor roller is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein, the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances so as to improve antifriction property; the convex parts of the concave-convex structure are eutectic silicon particles of the silicon-aluminum composite material. With the structure, silicon particles are protruded out of the surface of the substrate to bear, so that the wear resistance of the compressor roller is improved, and the lubricating substance is filled in the concave part, so that the antifriction of the compressor roller can be improved. Therefore, the compressor roller provided by the invention also has excellent wear resistance and antifriction property.
Further, the compressor roller provided by the invention adopts the silicon-aluminum composite material, and the density of the compressor roller is 2.7-2.8g/cm 3 The dead weight is reduced by 2/3 compared with the compressor roller of the traditional alloy cast iron. Based on this, the structural design of the compressor roller of the present invention is preferably such that it satisfies the relationship when applied to a compressor: (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness = 1.3-1.5. Compared with the structural design of the existing compressor roller, the structural design of the compressor roller can reduce the rotational moment of inertia in the pump body operation process while ensuring the high volumetric efficiency design.
Furthermore, the silicon-aluminum composite material adopted by the compressor roller has a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of the cylinder, and the deformation difference caused by thermal expansion is small. Meanwhile, the compressor roller takes the silicon-aluminum composite material as a matrix, and has excellent wear resistance and antifriction property after the surface is etched and filled, so that the gap design between the compressor roller and the air cylinder can be further reduced when the compressor roller is applied to a compressor, and the cooling capacity is kept on the basis of reducing friction power consumption. Based on the above, the structural design of the compressor roller is better, and the relation can be satisfied: cylinder height-roller height = 8-9 μm, better than 10-15 μm of the industry's existing standard.
Further, the self weight of the compressor roller prepared by the silicon-aluminum composite material is small, so that invalid work generated during the operation of the pump body can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the rotational moment of inertia during the operation of the pump body can be reduced, further, the volumetric efficiency of the compressor can be remarkably improved, and the energy efficiency of the compressor is improved;
in yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a compressor; wherein, the compressor adopts the compressor roller, so that the compressor has excellent effects of high volume efficiency and high energy efficiency.
In still another aspect, the present invention also provides an air conditioning apparatus including the compressor described above; the compressor has excellent effects of high volume efficiency and high energy efficiency, so that the air conditioning equipment has better effects to a certain extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. The drawings in the following description are merely exemplary and other implementations drawings may be derived from the drawings provided without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the surface texture of a compressor roller of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a compressor pump body;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a compressor roller.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a compressor roller material which reduces the weight of the roller and ensures the rationality of its design.
The invention provides a silicon-aluminum composite material, a compressor roller, a compressor and air conditioning equipment, wherein the main inventive concept is as follows: the silicon-aluminum composite material improves the content of Si, so that the silicon-aluminum composite material can form more eutectic silicon with high hardness, and the hardness is improved. The silicon-aluminum composite material has the advantages that the content of Mn, cr and Ce elements is improved based on the problem of large stress concentration brittleness of coarse eutectic silicon, and the structure of the silicon-aluminum composite material can be thinned and the internal stress is eliminated under the synergistic effect of the alloy elements. Meanwhile, the invention improves the content of Mg and Zn elements in the components and further improves the strength of the composite material.
At present, the expansion coefficient design collocation of the compressor roller and the cylinder material in the whole industry is that the roller is more than the cylinder, and the expansion coefficients are different, so that the corresponding expansion amounts at different temperatures after operation are different, and the initial design clearance value is changed. Ideally, the expansion coefficients of the two materials tend to be consistent, so that the expansion amounts at different temperatures are the same, and the initial gap value is not changed. When the invention is designed, the content of silicon element is increased on one hand to bear and wear-resistant by utilizing silicon particles, on the other hand, the friction coefficient of the silicon-aluminum composite material is reduced, and the gap between the silicon-aluminum composite material and the existing cylinder is reduced.
Based on the above, the silicon-aluminum composite material is compounded into the silicon-aluminum composite material according to the proportion of the invention by a conventional process in the compressor roller, and the silicon-aluminum composite material is prepared into the compressor roller by rough machining, finish machining, chemical etching, lubricating oil soaking or solid lubricant. On the premise that more high-hardness eutectic silicon is formed on the basis of the silicon-aluminum composite material, the surface of the treated compressor roller is convexly loaded by the silicon particles serving as a hard phase, oil can be stored on the surface of the concave silicon-aluminum composite material to enhance the lubricating effect, the convex structure avoids direct contact with soft metal, adhesion can be reduced, and friction and wear performance of a pairing pair can be improved due to the fact that the hard silicon particles are loaded. The invention is based on the high wear resistance and high hardness of the silicon-aluminum composite material, and achieves ideal optimal tribological surface state by chemical etching, thereby further improving the wear resistance of the matrix while ensuring light weight.
By adopting the compressor roller made of the silicon-aluminum composite material, the preferable high thickness ratio of the compressor roller can be designed, so that the design of the gap between the roller structure and the cylinder can be further reduced, and compared with the existing compressor with the same displacement, the volumetric efficiency and the energy efficiency of the compressor roller can be obviously improved.
The compressor air conditioning equipment has better effect to a certain extent.
The main scheme of the invention is as follows
According to the embodiment of the invention, the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 31 to 33 percent of Si, 0.1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 2 percent of Cu, 3 to 3.5 percent of Zn, 2 to 8 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of Ce, 0.1 to 1.5 percent of Fe and the balance of Al.
Further, the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises a matrix alpha-Al phase and eutectic silicon particles.
Further, the strength of the silicon-aluminum composite material is more than 350Mpa, and the hardness is more than 100HB.
The silicon-aluminum composite material has more eutectic silicon particles, so that the wear resistance of the silicon-aluminum composite material can be improved.
Further, the invention also provides a silicon-aluminum composite material piece, wherein the surface tissue of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein, the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances so as to improve antifriction property; the convex parts of the concave-convex structures are eutectic silicon particles of the silicon-aluminum composite material;
Further, the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is made of the silicon-aluminum composite material.
The depth of at least part of the concave is 4-6 mu m; the eutectic silicon particles at least partially protruding portion have a particle diameter of 3 to 5 μm.
The silicon-aluminum composite material member of the present invention is based on a silicon-aluminum composite material. Firstly, proportioning, sintering, forming, solid solution or modification treatment is carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; preparing a silicon-aluminum composite material into a workpiece (it is to be noted that, for the part, a conventional preparation process can be considered to be adopted); and carrying out chemical etching treatment on the outer surface of the workpiece, and then soaking or filling the outer surface of the workpiece with a solid lubricant through lubricating oil to obtain the silicon-aluminum composite material piece. The outer surface of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is subjected to chemical etching treatment, so that silicon particles on the outer surface of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece protrude out of the surface of the matrix to bear, and the wear resistance of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is improved; and the concave part of the silicon-aluminum composite material part is filled with lubricating substances, so that the antifriction property of the silicon-aluminum composite material part can be improved. Therefore, the silicon-aluminum composite material piece provided by the invention has excellent wear resistance and antifriction property.
The silicon-aluminum composite material piece can be applied to a structure requiring high wear resistance and high strength after the treatment, and the surface coating treatment on the silicon-aluminum material for improving the wear resistance and the strength is not needed, so that the process can be simplified.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a compressor roller which is prepared from the silicon-aluminum composite material. The surface structure of the compressor roller is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein, the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances (solid grease or soaking lubricating oil) so as to improve antifriction property; the convex parts of the concave-convex structure are eutectic silicon particles of the silicon-aluminum composite material. Here, with the above-mentioned structure, the silicon particles are made to protrude from the surface of the base body to carry, so that the wear resistance of the compressor roller is improved, and the recesses are filled with solid grease or lubricant, so that the antifriction of the compressor roller can be improved. Therefore, the compressor roller provided by the invention has excellent wear resistance and antifriction property.
The density of the compressor roller is 2.7-2.8g/cm 3 。
The coefficient of thermal expansion of the compressor roller was 11.5X10 -6 ～12×10 -6 ℃ -1 . Based on the thermal expansion coefficient of the compressor roller, the gap design between the roller structure and the cylinder can be further reduced, and the cooling capacity is kept on the basis of reducing friction power consumption.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compressor roller, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing materials, then sintering, solid solution treatment or modification treatment is carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material, and the silicon-aluminum composite material is molded into a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by an extrusion molding method; rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) are carried out on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar material), and then a roller piece is obtained;
it should be noted that, for the above-mentioned portions, it is considered that a conventional preparation process is adopted; the skilled person can carry out the preparation of the roller elements in a rational manner according to the actual need.
And 2) carrying out chemical etching treatment on the outer surface of the roller piece, and then filling lubricating substances on the outer surface of the roller piece to obtain the compressor roller.
Further, in step 2), the lubricating substance may be a solid grease or a liquid lubricant.
In the case of using a liquid lubricant, since the liquid lubricant has fluidity, it is necessary to perform a preliminary immersion so that a part of the liquid lubricant permeates into the surface of the compressor roller.
Further, in step 2), naOH solution is used as etching solution to perform chemical etching treatment on the surface of the roller member, and specific parameters are controlled as follows:
the volume concentration of NaOH is controlled as follows: 13-16%, and the etching time is controlled as follows: 20-40 min.
Further, in step 2), the treated roller member:
the surface roughness Ra is more than 1.6 mu, the surface structure is in a concave-convex structure, and the corrosion depth is as follows: the grain diameter of the eutectic silicon grain is 4-6 mu m: 3-5 mu m.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a compressor including the compressor roller described above.
In the compressor, the roller height and the cylinder height of the compressor roller satisfy the following conditions: cylinder height-roller height = 8-9 μm;
in the running process of the compressor, the temperature of the pump body gradually rises, the deformation of the rollers due to thermal expansion is far greater than that of the cylinders, if the height design clearance of the rollers and the cylinders is insufficient, the actual running time clearance is further reduced, and the friction power consumption is increased; if the gap design is too large, the sealing gap between the roller and the cylinder is large, resulting in a decrease in cooling capacity. Therefore, the existing standards of the industry are basically 10-15 mu m in combination with vacuum limit and national standard performance test. The thermal expansion coefficient of the compressor roller is close to that of the cylinder, the deformation difference of the compressor roller caused by thermal expansion is small, and meanwhile, the gap design between the compressor roller and the cylinder can be further reduced by combining the excellent wear resistance and antifriction of the silicon-aluminum composite material, so that a better design value exists: cylinder height-roller height = 8-9 μm.
Further, in the compressor, the structural design of the compressor roller satisfies the following conditions: roller height and cylinder height difference/roller thickness = 1.3-1.5.
The silicon-aluminum composite material adopted by the compressor roller is far lower than the traditional alloy cast iron in weight under the same design volume, the rotation moment of inertia in the pump body operation process can be reduced while the high volumetric efficiency design is ensured, and at the moment, the corresponding structural design of the compressor roller has a better value, and the relation formula is satisfied: (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness = 1.3-1.5.
In still another aspect, the present invention also provides an air conditioning apparatus including the compressor described above.
In the comprehensive view, compared with the common aluminum alloy, the silicon-aluminum composite material adopted by the compressor roller has more eutectic silicon, and after chemical etching treatment, the surface of the silicon-aluminum composite material is characterized in that an aluminum matrix is corroded to a certain depth, so that silicon particles protrude out of the surface of a matrix to bear, the wear resistance of the matrix is improved, and the corroded concave part of the matrix is filled with solid grease or soaked in a lubricant, so that the antifriction property of the matrix can be improved.
And secondly, by utilizing the light-weight advantage of the silicon-aluminum composite material, the roller high-thickness ratio with better design can be realized, and the low friction power consumption and the small rotation inertia distance can be ensured while the high volume efficiency is ensured.
The thermal expansion coefficient of the compressor roller of the silicon-aluminum composite material is controlled to be (11.5-12) multiplied by 10 -6 ℃ -1 Compared with the traditional alloy cast iron roller, the thermal expansion coefficient of the compressor roller material is smaller, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the compressor roller material is close to that of a cylinder, so that the deformation difference caused by thermal expansion is small.
By adopting the compressor with the compressor roller, the design optimal value of the radial clearance between the compressor roller and the cast iron cylinder is controlled to be 8-9 mu m, which is lower than the existing standard by 10-15 mu m, and the energy efficiency of the existing compressor can be improved.
By adopting the air conditioning equipment of the compressor, the compressor is light, has higher volumetric efficiency and higher energy efficiency, so that the air conditioning equipment has better efficacy.
The following is a further detailed description of a silicon aluminum composite material of the present invention and a compressor roller using the same, by way of specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
And (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
The surface of the prepared etched compressor roller is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen that the small round particles protruding in fig. 1 are silicon particles, pits left after the alpha-Al phase is corroded are formed beside the round particles, and the net-shaped small blocks are aluminum-silicon solid solutions. When friction is carried out, the raised hard silicon phase bears and is wear-resistant, and oil storage and antifriction can be carried out at the pits. The traditional aluminum alloy has poor wear resistance, can be used after being subjected to anodic oxidation, micro-arc oxidation or nickel plating to improve the wear resistance, and the silicon-aluminum composite material can omit the processes.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease and soaking the etched roller piece in a liquid lubricant; and taking out to obtain the compressor roller.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 2
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 0.1% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
And (3) etching the roller piece for 40min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 13%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 3 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 3
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 2.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 8% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (5) etching the roller piece for 20min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 16%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 5 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 4
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
31% of Si, 2.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
Preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 5
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
31% of Si, 0.1% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 8% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 6
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
31% of Si, 2.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 7
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
33% of Si, 2.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 2% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 3-5 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 8
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
And (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
33% of Si, 0.1% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 2% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 9
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
33% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 2% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Example 10
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is 9 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
30% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
34% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to the cylinder height-roller height=7μm, the machined roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 4
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.4, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to the cylinder height-roller height=10 mu m, the machined roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 5
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.1, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 6
This example prepares a compressor roller. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3) forming a silicon-aluminum composite material: firstly, batching, sintering, forming and solid solution treatment are carried out to obtain a silicon-aluminum composite material; the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
32% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 1.5% of Cu, 3% of Zn, 5% of Cr, 1% of Mg, 0.5% of Ce, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Al.
Forming a silicon-aluminum composite material (bar stock) by using an extrusion forming method;
preparing a roller piece: and (3) performing rough machining (rough grinding of inner and outer circles and rough grinding of two end faces) and finish machining (fine grinding of two end faces and fine grinding of the inner and outer circles) on the silicon-aluminum composite material (bar) to obtain the roller piece.
Carrying out chemical etching treatment on the roller piece:
and (3) etching the roller piece for 30min by adopting NaOH with the volume concentration of 14%. The etched compressor roller is obtained, the alpha-Al phase corrosion depth is 5 mu m, the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles is 4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra of the aluminum alloy is more than 1.6 mu m.
Filling lubricating substances: filling the etched roller piece with solid grease; a compressor roller is obtained.
The compressor roller is structurally designed, the roller structure is designed to be (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.6, when the pump body is assembled, the height clearance is equal to 8 mu m from the cylinder height to the roller height, the processed roller is assembled to the compressor, and the national standard working condition is adopted for testing.
The energy efficiency record of the compressor is shown in table 1.
Table 1 test data for compressor energy in various embodiments of the invention
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As can be seen from Table 1, the compressor rollers of examples 1 to 10 are made of the silicon-aluminum composite material of the present invention, and are superior to the compressor rollers made of alloy cast iron materials in terms of volumetric efficiency, refrigerating capacity, power consumption and energy efficiency.
As can be seen from table 1, with reference to example 1, the energy efficiency of the compressor rollers prepared in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 was somewhat reduced from that of the examples of the present invention, by using the silicon-aluminum composite material having a lower silicon content than that of the present invention in comparative example 1 and the silicon-aluminum composite material having a higher silicon content than that of the present invention in comparative example 2.
As can be seen from Table 1, comparative example 3 uses a height gap of 7 μm, the roller design is relatively "thin and high" resulting in a relatively reduced volumetric efficiency;
as can be seen from Table 1, comparative example 4 employs a height clearance of 10 μm and a relatively "flat" roller design, which has increased volumetric efficiency but decreased power consumption, refrigeration capacity and energy efficiency as compared to example 1.
As can be seen from table 1, the roller structure adopted in comparative example 5 was designed as (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.1, and this comparative example 5 increased the thickness of the roller, resulting in lower volumetric efficiency, refrigerating capacity and energy efficiency than example 1, and also higher power consumption than example 1.
Comparative example 6 was designed with a roller structure of (cylinder height-roller height)/roller thickness=1.6, and in the case where the height clearance was kept constant, this comparative example 6 reduced the thickness of the roller, and the power consumption was reduced as compared with comparative example 5, but the volumetric efficiency, the cooling capacity, and the energy efficiency were all reduced as compared with example 1, and the power consumption was greater than that of example 1.
Therefore, in summary, compared with the compressor with the alloy cast iron material roller, the compressor with the roller made of the silicon-aluminum composite material has relatively high volumetric efficiency, relatively large refrigerating capacity, relatively low power consumption and relatively high energy efficiency.
In summary, the invention relates to a silicon-aluminum composite material, a compressor roller, a compressor and air conditioning equipment. The wear resistance and antifriction of the compressor roller prepared from the silicon-aluminum composite material are improved to a certain extent; the weight of the compressor roller is far lower than that of the traditional alloy cast iron under the same design volume, the rotation moment of inertia in the pump body operation process can be reduced while the high volumetric efficiency design is ensured, the radial clearance design between the compressor roller and the air cylinder is lower than the existing standard, the energy efficiency of the existing air conditioner can be improved, and the efficiency of the air conditioner is improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (21)

1. A silicon-aluminum composite material, characterized in that: the silicon-aluminum composite material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 31 to 33 percent of Si, 0.1 to 2 percent of Mn, 1 to 2 percent of Cu, 3 to 3.5 percent of Zn, 2 to 8 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Mg, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of Ce, 0.1 to 1.5 percent of Fe and the balance of Al.
2. A silicon-aluminum composite according to claim 1, wherein the silicon-aluminum composite comprises a matrix α -Al phase and eutectic silicon particles.
3. A silicon-aluminum composite according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the strength of the silicon-aluminum composite material is more than 350Mpa, and the hardness is more than 100HB.
4. A silicon-aluminum composite material piece, which is characterized in that:
the surface structure of the silicon-aluminum composite material piece is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein,
the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances so as to improve antifriction property;
The convex parts of the concave-convex structures are eutectic silicon particles of silicon-aluminum composite materials.
5. A silicon-aluminum composite part according to claim 4, wherein: the silicon-aluminum composite material part is made of the silicon-aluminum composite material of any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. A silicon-aluminum composite part according to claim 4, wherein: at least part of the depressions have a depth of 4-6 μm.
7. A silicon-aluminum composite part according to claim 4, wherein: the grain size of eutectic silicon particles of at least part of the convex parts is 3-5 mu m.
8. The compressor roller is characterized in that the compressor roller is made of silicon-aluminum composite material, and the surface structure of the compressor roller is provided with a concave-convex structure; wherein,
the concave part of the concave-convex structure is a matrix phase of the silicon-aluminum composite material; the concave part is used for filling lubricating substances so as to improve antifriction property;
the convex parts of the concave-convex structures are eutectic silicon particles of silicon-aluminum composite materials.
9. A compressor roller according to claim 8, wherein the compressor roller is made of a silicon-aluminum composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
10. The compressor roller of claim 8, wherein at least a portion of the depressions have a depth of 4-6 μm.
11. The compressor roller of claim 8, wherein at least a portion of the raised portions have eutectic silicon particles with a particle size of 3-5 μm.
12. A compressor roller as defined in claim 8, wherein: the thermal expansion coefficient of the compressor roller is 11.5 multiplied by 10 -6 ～12×10 -6 ℃ -1 。
13. A method of manufacturing a compressor roller according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the method of manufacturing comprises the steps of:
step 1): processing the silicon-aluminum composite material of any one of claims 1-3 into a roller member;
step 2): and carrying out chemical etching treatment on the outer surface of the roller piece to obtain the compressor roller after the chemical etching treatment.
14. The method of manufacturing a compressor roller according to claim 13, wherein in said step 2): and (3) adopting NaOH solution as etching liquid to carry out chemical etching treatment on the outer surface of the roller piece.
15. The method of manufacturing a compressor roller according to claim 13, wherein in said step 2): the volume concentration of the NaOH solution is 13-16%, and the chemical etching treatment time is 20-40 min.
16. The method of manufacturing a compressor roller according to claim 13, wherein in said step 2):
the surface roughness Ra of the compressor roller after chemical etching treatment is more than 1.6 mu m, the surface structure has a concave-convex structure, wherein the depth of at least part of the concave parts is 4-6 mu m, and the grain diameter of eutectic silicon particles of at least part of the convex parts is 3-5 mu m.
17. The method of manufacturing a compressor roller of claim 13, further comprising:
step 3): and (3) carrying out a lubrication layer filling treatment on the outer surface of the roller piece after the chemical etching treatment to obtain the compressor roller.
18. A compressor comprising the compressor roller of any one of claims 8-12.
19. The compressor of claim 18, wherein the height of the compressor rollers and the height of the cylinder satisfy: the difference between the height of the cylinder and the height of the compressor roller is 8-9 μm.
20. A compressor according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the difference in height of the compressor roller and the cylinder is a and the thickness of the compressor roller is b; wherein a/b=1.3 to 1.5.
21. An air conditioning apparatus comprising the compressor of any one of claims 18-20.
CN202311270555.3A 2023-09-28 2023-09-28 Silicon-aluminum composite material, compressor roller, compressor and air conditioning equipment Pending CN117385238A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311270555.3A CN117385238A (en) 2023-09-28 2023-09-28 Silicon-aluminum composite material, compressor roller, compressor and air conditioning equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311270555.3A CN117385238A (en) 2023-09-28 2023-09-28 Silicon-aluminum composite material, compressor roller, compressor and air conditioning equipment

Publications (1)

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CN117385238A true CN117385238A (en) 2024-01-12

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