CN117375707A - Backscattering communication method between different communication devices - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract
The invention provides a backscattering communication method between different communication devices. The method comprises the following steps: the first device sends a specific multi-frequency point carrier signal to the second device through a wireless communication network; the second device receives the carrier signal sent by the first device, modulates the carrier signal onto a multi-frequency carrier, reflects the modulated signal to the first device, and the first device receives and processes the modulated signal reflected by the second device. The method can obtain the frequency diversity gain of the antenna array on the premise of not increasing the hardware complexity of the first equipment, avoids the aliasing of multiple paths of signals, and is used for resisting the frequency selective fading of the backscatter cascade channel, thereby improving the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the reflected signal of the second equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a backscattering communication method between different communication devices.
Background
Conventional wireless communication devices rely on a radio frequency front-end amplification circuit to increase the transmission power to increase the received signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving the transmission reliability. However, in backscatter communications, the second device typically does not have an amplifying circuit, can only perform backscatter modulation using the carrier signal from the first device, and loads its own data information. The passive or semi-passive nature of the device presents challenges for reliable transmission of signals. In addition, in the conventional wireless communication system, after the signal reaches the receiving end through reflection and scattering, the signal generally appears as superposition of a plurality of signal components with different amplitudes and phases, so that the amplitude of the received signal fluctuates randomly, and a multipath fading phenomenon is generated. The signal components on different paths have different propagation delays, phases and amplitudes and are affected by noise. Superposition of these signal components may cause the composite signals to cancel or enhance each other, thereby creating a fading phenomenon. Such fading can reduce the available effective signal power and increase the impact of interference, resulting in distortion, waveform broadening, waveform overlapping and distortion of the receiver signal, and possibly even system demodulation errors. Whereas backscatter communication systems typically experience dual channel fading, the signal power is much lower than conventional wireless communication, and thus the signal is severely amplified by the effects of channel fading. Therefore, designing and selecting appropriate techniques to combat wireless channel fading in a backscatter communication system is one of the problems to be solved.
Diversity techniques are currently one scheme for improving the reliability of multipath fading channel transmissions. Diversity techniques typically include several forms of frequency diversity, space diversity, polarization diversity, angle diversity, code diversity, and modulation diversity. The signal processing modes of the receiver are classified according to the methods of optimal selection combination, maximum ratio combination, equal gain combination, switch combination, pre-detection combination, post-detection combination and the like. Frequency diversity is the simultaneous transmission and reception of two or more signal frequencies with a frequency separation and the selection or combination. Channel frequency selective fading is counteracted by exploiting the statistically uncorrelated characteristics of the different frequency band signals after fading the channel, i.e. the differences in the statistical characteristics of the different frequency band fades.
Currently, the frequency diversity schemes in the prior art are mainly implemented based on antenna arrays. The diversity antenna array obtains diversity gain by constructing a carrier frequency difference between a plurality of antennas at a transmitting end, thereby improving the quality of a received signal.
Existing passive backscatter communication systems are based on a single carrier to implement backscatter communication, such as an RFID system, which operates in an unlicensed frequency band, and other communication systems using the frequency band exist in the surrounding environment, so that strong interference is caused to cause communication failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a backscattering communication method between different communication devices, so as to effectively improve the communication efficiency between the different communication devices.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method of backscatter communication between different communication devices, comprising:
the first device sends a specific multi-frequency point carrier signal to the second device through a wireless communication network;
the second device receives the carrier signal sent by the first device, modulates the carrier signal onto a multi-frequency carrier, and reflects the modulated signal to the first device
The first device receives and processes the modulated signal reflected from the second device.
Preferably, the first device includes: the device comprises a transmitting unit, a receiving unit and a processing unit;
the transmitting unit is used for modulating the digital baseband signal transmitted by the processing unit to obtain a carrier signal, and transmitting the carrier signal to a space;
the receiving unit is used for receiving the modulated signal reflected by the second equipment from the space, demodulating the modulated signal into a digital baseband signal and transmitting the digital baseband signal to the processing unit;
the processing unit is used for generating and processing the digital baseband signals, and comprises generation, frequency conversion, low-pass filtering and digital-to-analog conversion of the digital baseband signals to be transmitted by the first equipment, and analog-to-digital conversion, first frequency down conversion, second frequency down conversion and low-pass filtering of the digital baseband signals reflected by the second equipment.
Preferably, the specific multi-frequency carrier signal c (t) transmitted by the first device includes:
wherein M is the number of bilateral carrier components, f m For the M-th bilateral modulation component frequency, M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M and f c Is the center frequency of the carrier signal, f 1 ＜f 2 ＜…＜f M ，f m+1 -f m ≥B，B is the bandwidth of the reflected data signal of the second device and t is the time index.
Preferably, the modulated signal x (t) reflected by the second device towards the first device is represented by formula (2):
x(t)＝Γ b(t) h 1 (t)c(t) (2)，
wherein Γ is b(t) For the second device reflection coefficient, B (t) is the second device data signal with bandwidth B, h 1 (t) is the forward channel coefficient of the first device to the second device.
Preferably, the second device reflected signal y (t) received by the first device is represented by formula (3):
y(t)＝h 2 (t)x(t)+w(t) (3)，
wherein h is 2 (t) is the back channel coefficient of the second device to the first device, w (t) is the first device receiver thermal noise;
preferably, the first device processes the reflected signal y (t) of the second device, including: first, the first device performs a first down-conversion, low-pass filtering, and analog-to-digital conversion on the reflected signal y (t) to obtain a baseband signal s (n), expressed by equation (4):
wherein, LPF RF {. Is the low pass filter at the first down-conversion, its passband cut-off frequency is f RF ，T s Sampling interval for the first device analog-to-digital converter, n is the sample point index,f M b is the bandwidth of the data signal reflected by the second equipment;
preferably, the first device performs a second down-conversion and a low-pass filtering process on the baseband signal s (n) to obtain the baseband signal s at different frequency points 1,m (n) and s 2,m (N), 1.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.N, represented by formulas (5) and (6):
wherein, LPF 1,m {.and LPF 2,m {. The second time down-conversion is the two-path digital low-pass filter corresponding to the mth bilateral modulation carrier component, LPF 1,m {.and LPF 2,m Passband cut-off frequencies of { 1,m And f 2,m ，
The first device pairs a plurality of baseband signals s 1,m (n) and s 2,m (n), M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, and selecting or combining, wherein the combined multipath baseband signal z (n) is represented by a formula (7):
wherein alpha is 1,m And alpha 2,m The weight coefficients of the reflected signal components of the frequency points are determined by the selected combination mode.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the method can obtain the frequency diversity gain of the antenna array on the premise of not increasing the hardware complexity of the first equipment, avoid multi-channel signal aliasing, and resist the frequency selective fading of the backscatter cascade channel, thereby improving the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the signal reflected by the second equipment.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a backscatter communications system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a method of backscatter communication between different communication devices, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform simulation diagram of a reflected signal obtained by a backscatter communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reflected signal spectrum obtained by a backscatter communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the drawings of several specific embodiments illustrated in the drawings and in no way should be taken to limit the embodiments of the invention.
The structure of a backscatter communication system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and includes: a first device and a second device composed of a transmitting unit, a receiving unit and a processing unit. The first device and the second device are connected and in data communication through a wireless communication network.
The first device is used for generating a carrier signal with a specific center frequency;
the transmitting unit is used for modulating the digital baseband signal transmitted by the processing unit to obtain a carrier signal, and transmitting the carrier signal to a space;
the receiving unit is used for receiving the modulated signal reflected by the second equipment from the space, demodulating the modulated signal into a digital baseband signal and transmitting the digital baseband signal to the processing unit;
the processing unit is used for generating and processing digital baseband signals, including generation, frequency conversion, low-pass filtering and digital-to-analog conversion of the digital baseband signals to be transmitted by the first equipment, and analog-to-digital conversion, first frequency down conversion, second frequency down conversion and low-pass filtering of the digital baseband signals reflected by the second equipment;
the second device is used for receiving the carrier signal sent by the first device, modulating the carrier signal onto the multi-frequency carrier, and reflecting the modulated signal to the first device. To enable backscatter communications.
The working principle of the backscattering communication system is as follows:
the first device realizes the function of a reader-writer, generates and transmits a radio frequency signal, and the second device generates a data signal to be transmitted and modulates the data signal to a carrier signal transmitted by the first device in a backscattering manner to obtain a backscattering signal. The first equipment receiving unit receives the back scattering signal and sends the back scattering signal to the processing unit.
Based on the above-mentioned backscatter communication system shown in fig. 1, a processing flow of a backscatter communication method between different communication devices provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
step S101: the first device sends a specific multi-frequency point carrier signal to the second device;
step S102: the second device adopts a back scattering mode to modulate the carrier signal sent by the first device onto a multi-frequency carrier and reflect the modulated signal to the first device;
step S103: the first device receives and processes the reflected signal of the second device.
On the basis of the above scheme, the specific multi-frequency carrier signal c (t) in step S101 includes, but is not limited to, a form as shown in formula (1):
wherein M is the number of bilateral carrier components, f m M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, f is the center frequency of the carrier signal, f is the frequency of the M-th bilateral modulation component 1 ＜f 2 ＜…＜f M ，f m+1 -f m ≥B，B is the bandwidth of the second device reflected data signal and t is the time index.
On the basis of the above scheme, the modulated signal x (t) reflected by the second device to the first device in step S102 is represented by formula (2):
x(t)＝Γ b(t) h 1 (t)c(t) (2)，
wherein Γ is b(t) For the second device reflection coefficient, B (t) is the second device data signal with bandwidth B, h 1 (t) is the forward channel coefficient of the first device to the second device.
On the basis of the above scheme, the second device reflected signal y (t) received by the first device in step S103 is represented by formula (3):
y(t)＝h 2 (t)x(t)+w(t) (3)，
wherein h is 2 (t) is the back channel coefficient of the second device to the first device, w (t) is the first device receiver thermal noise;
the first device processes the reflected signal y (t) of the second device, comprising: first, the first device performs a first down-conversion, low-pass filtering, and analog-to-digital conversion on the reflected signal y (t) to obtain a baseband signal s (n), expressed by equation (4):
wherein, LPF RF {. Is the low pass filter at the first down-conversion, its passband cut-off frequency is f RF ，T s Sampling interval for the first device analog-to-digital converter, n is the sample point index,f M b is the bandwidth of the data signal reflected by the second equipment;
secondly, the first device respectively performs the second down-conversion and the low-pass filtering processing on the baseband signal s (n) to obtain the baseband signal s under different frequency points 1,m (n) and s 2,m (n), 1.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.M, represented by formulas (5) and (6):
wherein, LPF 1,m {.and LPF 2,m {. The second time down-conversion is the two-path digital low-pass filter corresponding to the mth bilateral modulation carrier component, LPF 1,m {.and LPF 2,m Passband cut-off frequencies of { 1,m And f 2,m ，
Finally, the first device pairs the multipath baseband signal s 1,m (n) and s 2,m (n), M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, and selecting or combining to improve the transmission reliability; the combined multipath baseband signal z (n) can be represented by equation (7):
wherein alpha is 1,m And alpha 2,m The weight coefficients of the reflected signal components of the frequency points are determined by the selected combination mode.
The method of the present invention will be described below by taking the example of a second device using Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) for backscatter modulation. The data signal bandwidth b=1mhz of the second device, the number of bilateral carrier signal components m=1 of the first device, the modulation frequency f 1 =2m Hz, carrier signal center frequency f c Analog-to-digital converter sampling interval T of the first device =915 MHz s =10msample/s, the first device simulates the passband cut-off frequency f of the low pass filter at the first down-conversion RF The passband cut-off frequency of the two-way digital low-pass filter at the second down-conversion of the first device is f=5mhz 1,1 ＝f 2,1 =1mhz, the first device receives a signal-to-noise ratio of 20dB, the weight coefficient α of the baseband signal components of two frequency points 1,1 ＝α 2,1 For example, =1, the frequency diversity-based backscatter communication is implemented from a numerical simulation perspective.
The waveform simulation diagram of the reflected signal obtained by the invention is shown in fig. 3, and can be seen from fig. 3:
1) After the two paths of received signals are subjected to equal gain combination, the amplitude is obviously increased;
2) Compared with a single-channel received signal, the combined signal is lightened by the influence of fading; based on the two points, the method can be considered to effectively improve the performance of the backscatter communication system by utilizing the frequency diversity technology.
The spectrum of the reflected signal obtained by the invention is shown in fig. 4: it can be seen from fig. 4 that the spectrum y (f) of the reflected signal y (t) of the second device has similar spectral components at different frequency points, which illustrates that the second device can achieve frequency diversity by back-scattering the multi-frequency point carrier of the first device.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a frequency diversity-based backscatter communication method, which implements frequency diversity without using an antenna array (i.e. using a single antenna configuration) at the transmitting end. In addition, the scheme of the invention has wide applicability, not only supports the existing commercial RFID or similar systems, but also is compatible with the novel backscatter communication system, and has higher practical value.
The backscattering communication based on the multi-frequency point carrier wave can realize anti-interference through receiving diversity. For the remote passive backscatter communication, the reflected signal has large attenuation and shadow fading, and the communication method provided by the invention can obtain diversity gain and improve the reliability of communication.
The method has the advantages that the frequency diversity gain is obtained on the premise of not increasing the hardware complexity of the first equipment, and the aliasing of multiple paths of signals is avoided, so that the method is used for resisting the frequency selective fading of the back scattering cascade channel, and the second equipment obtains multiple paths of independent fading signals carrying the same data, thereby improving the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the reflected signals of the second equipment. Another advantage of the method of the present invention is that it helps to enlarge the communication distance of the backscatter communication system, especially in case of poor channel conditions, maintaining or even increasing the system coverage.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the drawing is a schematic diagram of one embodiment and the modules or flows in the drawing are not necessarily required to practice the invention.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, with reference to the description of method embodiments in part. The apparatus and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method of backscatter communication between different communication devices, comprising:
the first device sends a specific multi-frequency point carrier signal to the second device through a wireless communication network;
the second device receives the carrier signal sent by the first device, modulates the carrier signal onto a multi-frequency carrier, and reflects the modulated signal to the first device
The first device receives and processes the modulated signal reflected from the second device.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first device comprises: the device comprises a transmitting unit, a receiving unit and a processing unit;
the transmitting unit is used for modulating the digital baseband signal transmitted by the processing unit to obtain a carrier signal, and transmitting the carrier signal to a space;
the receiving unit is used for receiving the modulated signal reflected by the second equipment from the space, demodulating the modulated signal into a digital baseband signal and transmitting the digital baseband signal to the processing unit;
the processing unit is used for generating and processing the digital baseband signals, and comprises generation, frequency conversion, low-pass filtering and digital-to-analog conversion of the digital baseband signals to be transmitted by the first equipment, and analog-to-digital conversion, first frequency down conversion, second frequency down conversion and low-pass filtering of the digital baseband signals reflected by the second equipment.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the specific multi-frequency carrier signal c (t) transmitted by the first device comprises:
wherein M is the number of bilateral carrier components, f m For the M-th bilateral modulation component frequency, M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M and f c Is the center frequency of the carrier signal, f 1 ＜f 2 ＜…＜f M ，f m+1 -f m ≥B，B is the bandwidth of the reflected data signal of the second device and t is the time index.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the modulated signal x (t) reflected by the second device towards the first device is represented by formula (2):
x(t)＝Γ b(t) h 1 (t)c(t) (2)，
wherein Γ is b(t) For the second device reflection coefficient, B (t) is the second device data signal with bandwidth B, h 1 (t) is the forward channel coefficient of the first device to the second device.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second device reflected signal y (t) received by the first device is represented by formula (3):
y(t)＝h 2 (t)x(t)+w(t) (3)，
wherein h is 2 (t) is the back channel coefficient of the second device to the first device, and w (t) is the first device receiver thermal noise.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first device processing the reflected signal y (t) of the second device comprises: first, the first device performs a first down-conversion, low-pass filtering, and analog-to-digital conversion on the reflected signal y (t) to obtain a baseband signal s (n), expressed by equation (4):
wherein, LPF RF {. Is the low pass filter at the first down-conversion, its passband cut-off frequency is f RF ，T s Sampling interval for the first device analog-to-digital converter, n is the sample point index,f M for the mth bilateral modulation component frequency, B is the second device reflection data signal bandwidth.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first device performs a second down-conversion and a low-pass filtering process on the baseband signal s (n) to obtain the baseband signal s at different frequency points, respectively 1，m (n) and s 2，m (n), 1.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.M, represented by formulas (5) and (6):
wherein, LPF 1，m {.and LPF 2，m {. The second time down-conversion is the two-path digital low-pass filter corresponding to the mth bilateral modulation carrier component, LPF 1，m {.and LPF 2，m Passband cut-off frequencies of { 1，m And f 2，m ，
The first device pairs a plurality of baseband signals s 1，m (n) and s 2，m (n), M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, and selecting or combining, wherein the combined multipath baseband signal z (n) is represented by a formula (7):
wherein alpha is 1，m And alpha 2，m The weight coefficients of the reflected signal components of the frequency points are determined by the selected combination mode.
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