CN117375374A - Multi-channel DC-DC converter switch network based on three-level circuit - Google Patents

Multi-channel DC-DC converter switch network based on three-level circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117375374A
CN117375374A CN202311349851.2A CN202311349851A CN117375374A CN 117375374 A CN117375374 A CN 117375374A CN 202311349851 A CN202311349851 A CN 202311349851A CN 117375374 A CN117375374 A CN 117375374A
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China
Prior art keywords
switching tube
transformer
switching
circuit
connection point
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CN202311349851.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN117375374B (en
Inventor
舒泽亮
聂江霖
邓宇豪
唐岑
邹旻洋
李嘉进
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a multi-channel direct-current converter switching network based on a three-level circuit, wherein the circuit mainly comprises a plurality of energy transmission channels formed by a plurality of isolation transformers, and the converters are isolated into a primary side and a secondary side at the same time, and the primary side switching network comprises a capacitor string, a switching tube, a resonant cavity or an auxiliary inductor; the secondary side comprises a rectifying network formed by a plurality of rectifying diodes or synchronous rectifying switch tubes and a supporting capacitor. The invention reduces the switching loss of each switching tube of the converter under high working frequency by multiplexing the resonant circuit and the active three-level circuit switching tube, and ensures the efficiency of the converter. In addition, the mutual coordination of the multiple channels and the multiple output rectifying networks can enable the converter to stably operate under multiple working conditions such as a wide gain range, high power transmission and the like.

Description

Multi-channel DC-DC converter switch network based on three-level circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a multichannel direct-current converter switching network based on a three-level circuit.
Background
In the field of new energy storage, electric automobile charging, light emitting diode driving system and other application occasions, the DC-DC converter is the core of energy transmission and voltage regulation. However, in these applications, a large amount of batteries or the like are used to supply the load with a large voltage adjustment range, and the load not only has a large fluctuation in the operating voltage range, but also requires a high power level and power conversion efficiency. In addition, in the highly sensitive electromagnetic environment such as electric automobile, how to reduce the influence of electromagnetic interference to sensitive frequency band, avoid the influence of converter to other precision equipment and even personnel's safety, also be the important factor that needs to consider in the converter design.
The traditional DC-DC converter mainly has two main problems, namely, the soft switching capacity of a circuit is limited, and the gain adjusting range is narrow. The limited soft switching capability can greatly influence the miniaturization and high frequency of a circuit, and meanwhile, the switching loss and electromagnetic interference of a switching tube in the switching process can be increased, so that the transmission efficiency of the converter can be reduced, the work of other sensitive equipment can be influenced, and the safety problem is brought. Although the strong soft switching capability of the traditional resonant converter is better, the soft switching capability under the load range can be ensured, the narrower gain range leads to larger loss when the non-rated voltage is output.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-level circuit-based multichannel direct-current-direct-current converter switching network, which not only can ensure that the converter realizes soft switching in a wide gain and full load range, but also reduces the current stress of a switching tube through multiple channels, thereby obtaining higher power grade.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-channel DC-DC converter switching network based on a three-level circuit comprises a switching circuit, a capacitor string, a transformer T1, a transformer T2, a transformer T3 and a resonance circuit,
the switching circuit comprises a switching tube S1, a switching tube S2, a switching tube S3, a switching tube S4, a switching tube S5 and a switching tube S6, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the switching tube S1, the switching tube S2, the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through the source electrode, and the source electrode of the switching tube S4 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the source electrode of the switching tube S5 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S6, the drain electrode of the switching tube S5 is connected with the source electrode of the switching tube S1, and the source electrode of the switching tube S6 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S4;
a capacitor string formed by connecting two capacitors in series is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the connection point of the two capacitors is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6;
the primary sides of the transformer T1, the transformer T2 and the transformer T3 are respectively connected with a resonant circuit, and the resonant circuits comprise a resonant inductor connected to the current input end of the primary side winding of the transformer and a resonant capacitor connected to the current output end of the primary side winding of the transformer;
the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S1, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T3 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T3 is connected with a source electrode of the switching tube S4;
and the on or off of a switching tube in the switching circuit is controlled, so that the working state of the secondary side of the transformer is controlled.
The three-channel resonance type direct-current converter switching network based on the half-bridge three-level circuit provided by the invention realizes extremely wide-range adjustment of output voltage by adjusting the number of channels working simultaneously, and the three channels all adopt a resonance circuit structure, so that the soft switching capacity in a full-load range is ensured; the switching network may employ a variety of modulation and control schemes to ensure corresponding performance in different gain ranges and applications.
Further, the resonant circuit connected with the transformer T2 is replaced by an auxiliary inductor, one end of the auxiliary inductor is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3, the other end of the auxiliary inductor is connected with a primary side winding current input end of the transformer, and a primary side winding current output end of the transformer is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6; the output voltage is adjusted by adjusting the phase difference between the conduction of the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2.
The invention adopts the auxiliary inductor to replace the resonant circuit, changes the three-channel resonance type DC-DC converter switching network based on the half-bridge three-level circuit into the three-channel mixed type DC-DC converter switching network based on the half-bridge three-level circuit, and three transformers always participate in the work of the circuit. The two channels with resonant cavity structures always work at the series resonant frequency point, the main power is transmitted, the highest efficiency is ensured to be always operated, and the wide-range adjustment of the output voltage is mainly realized through the channel with the auxiliary inductor. Because the three channels work simultaneously, the switching tube not only has lower current stress, but also has voltage stress of half input voltage; the three channels are mutually matched, so that soft switching of all switching tubes in a full load range is realized.
Further, the switching circuit is replaced by a first switching circuit and a second switching circuit;
the first switching circuit comprises a switching tube S11, a switching tube S12, a switching tube S13, a switching tube S14, a switching tube SC1 and a diode DC1, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S11 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S11, the switching tube S12, the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through the source electrode, the source electrode of the switching tube S14 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode DC1, the source electrode of the switching tube SC1 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14, and the negative electrode of the diode DC1 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S11 and the switching tube S12;
the second switching circuit comprises a switching tube S21, a switching tube S22, a switching tube S23, a switching tube S24, a switching tube SC2 and a diode DC2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S21 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S21, the switching tube S22, the switching tube S23 and the switching tube S24 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through the source electrode, the source electrode of the switching tube S24 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube SC2 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode DC2, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC2 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S21 and the switching tube S22, and the positive electrode of the diode DC2 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S23 and the switching tube S24;
the connection point of the switching tube SC1 and the diode DC1 is respectively connected with the connection point of the capacitor string and the connection point of the switching tube SC2 and the diode DC 2;
the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S21, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S21 and the switching tube S22; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S12 and the switching tube S13; the resonance capacitor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S22 and the switching tube S23; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T3 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14; the resonant capacitor connected to the transformer T3 is connected to the source of the switching tube S24.
The invention provides a three-channel resonance type DC-DC converter switching network based on a half-bridge three-level circuit, which is realized by adopting two switching circuits to replace one switching circuit, and the invention realizes extremely wide adjustment of output voltage by adjusting the number of channels which work simultaneously; the three channels all adopt resonant cavity structures, so that soft switching capacity in a full load range is ensured; the three channels all utilize pulse width modulation technology or phase shift modulation technology to realize the adjustment of the gain of each channel, so that the switch network can work at a fixed resonance frequency point, the electromagnetic interference problem caused by the frequency modulation technology adopted by the traditional resonant converter is avoided, and the switch network is more suitable for being applied to occasions with high electromagnetic sensitivity.
Further, the switching circuit is replaced by a third switching circuit and a fourth switching circuit;
the third switching circuit comprises a switching tube S31, a switching tube S32, a switching tube S33, a switching tube S34, a switching tube SC3 and a switching tube SC4, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S31 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S31, the switching tube S32, the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through source electrodes, the source electrode of the switching tube S34 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube SC3 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube SC4, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC3 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S31 and the switching tube S32, and the source electrode of the switching tube SC4 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34;
the fourth switching circuit comprises a switching tube S41, a switching tube S42, a switching tube S43, a switching tube S44, a switching tube SC5 and a switching tube SC6, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S41 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S41, the switching tube S42, the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through source electrodes, the source electrode of the switching tube S44 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube SC5 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube SC6, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC5 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S41 and the switching tube S42, and the source electrode of the switching tube SC6 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44;
the connection point of the switching tube SC3 and the switching tube SC4 is respectively connected with the connection point of the capacitor string and the connection point of the switching tube SC5 and the switching tube SC 6;
the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S41, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S41 and the switching tube S42; an auxiliary inductor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S32 and the switching tube S33, and a primary side winding current output end of the transformer T2 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S42 and the switching tube S43; the resonant inductor connected to the transformer T3 is connected to the connection point between the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34, and the resonant capacitor connected to the transformer T3 is connected to the source of the switching tube S44.
The invention provides a three-channel resonance type DC-DC converter switching network based on a half-bridge three-level circuit, which is realized by adopting two switching circuits to replace one switching circuit and using an auxiliary inductor to replace a resonant circuit, wherein three transformers always participate in the operation of the circuit. The two channels with resonant cavity structures always work at the series resonant frequency point, the main power is transmitted, the highest efficiency is ensured to be always operated, and the wide-range adjustment of the output voltage is mainly realized through the channel with the auxiliary inductor. Because the three channels work simultaneously, the switching tube not only has lower current stress, but also has voltage stress of half input voltage; the three channels are mutually matched, so that soft switching of all switching tubes in a full load range is realized.
Further, the third switch circuit is connected with a transformer T4, and the fourth switch circuit is connected with a transformer T5;
the primary winding group of the transformer T4 is connected with a fourth resonant circuit, the resonant inductor Lr3 of the fourth resonant circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S31, and the resonant capacitor is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S31 and the switching tube S32;
the primary winding of the transformer T5 is connected to a fifth resonant circuit, and a resonant inductor Lr5 and a resonant capacitor Cr2 of the fifth resonant circuit are connected to a connection point between the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44.
According to the invention, two transformers are added on the basis of a three-channel mixed DC-DC converter switching network based on a full-bridge three-level circuit, so that five-channel operation is realized, and the five transformers always participate in the operation of the circuit; four channels with resonant cavity structures always work at rated voltage points, the transmission of main power is ensured to always work at the highest efficiency, and the wide-range adjustment of output voltage is mainly realized through the channels with auxiliary inductors. The four resonant channels work simultaneously, so that the switch tube not only has lower current stress, but also has voltage stress of half input voltage. Finally, the five channels are mutually matched, so that soft switching of all switching tubes in a full load range is realized.
The secondary sides of the transformer T1, the transformer T2, the transformer T3, the transformer T4 and the transformer T5 are respectively provided with two groups of winding groups, the synchronous end and the asynchronous end of each winding group of each transformer are connected, the other synchronous end and the asynchronous end are respectively connected with a diode, and the cathodes of the diodes are connected with each other to form a rectifying circuit;
the rectification currents of the transformers are connected in series to form a series rectification network, or the rectification currents of the transformers are connected in parallel to form a parallel rectification network, or the rectification currents of the transformers are connected in series and parallel to form a mixed rectification network. And the output end of the rectifying network is connected with a supporting capacitor Co.
The invention provides three output side rectifying networks, and the application range of the circuit is widened in a serial connection, a parallel connection and a serial-parallel connection mode. When the load working voltage is higher and the variation range is wider, a series network is adopted to reduce the voltage stress of the rectifying side diode or the synchronous rectifying switch tube. When the load voltage is lower and the power is higher, the parallel structure is adopted, so that the current stress is greatly reduced. The series-parallel connection mode can integrate the advantages of the two, and has certain universality.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: through multiplexing of the resonant circuit and the active three-level circuit switching tubes, switching loss of each switching tube of the converter under high working frequency is reduced, and converter efficiency is guaranteed. In addition, the mutual coordination of the multiple channels and the multiple output rectifying networks can enable the converter to stably operate under multiple working conditions such as a wide gain range, high power transmission and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching network according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a switching network operation path provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching network according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a working path diagram of a switching network according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the operation of the switching network according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching network according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a working path diagram of a switching network according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching network according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of a switching network operation path provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifying network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the three-channel resonance type dc-dc converter based on the half-bridge three-level circuit provided in this embodiment includes a switching network, a capacitor string, a transformer T1, a transformer T2, a transformer T3, a resonance network, and a rectification network.
The switching network comprises a switching tube S1, a switching tube S2, a switching tube S3, a switching tube S4, a switching tube S5 and a switching tube S6, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube S is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S2, the source electrode of the switching tube S2 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S3, the source electrode of the switching tube S3 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S4, and the source electrode of the switching tube S4 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the source electrode of the switching tube S5 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S5, the drain electrode of the switching tube S5 is connected with the source electrode of the switching tube S1, and the source electrode of the switching tube S6 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S4.
A capacitor string formed by connecting a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2 in series is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a connection point O of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 is connected with a connection point D of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6.
The resonant network comprises three resonant circuits with the same circuit structure, and is described by adopting a first, a second and a third distinction for the convenience of understanding and writing, namely the resonant network comprises a first resonant circuit, a second resonant circuit and a third resonant circuit, the first resonant circuit comprises a resonant inductor Lr1 and a resonant capacitor Cr1, the resonant inductor Lr1, a primary winding Lm1 of a transformer T1 and the resonant capacitor Cr1 are sequentially connected in series, the resonant inductor Lr1 is connected with a drain electrode of a switch tube S1, and the resonant capacitor Cr1 is connected with a connection point B of the switch tube S1 and a switch tube S2.
The second resonant circuit comprises a resonant inductor Lr2 and a resonant capacitor Cr2, the resonant inductor Lr2, a primary winding Lm2 of the transformer T2 and the resonant capacitor Cr2 are sequentially connected in series, and the resonant inductor Lr2 is connected with a connection point C of the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3; the resonance capacitor Cr2 is connected to the connection point D of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6.
The third resonant circuit comprises a resonant inductor Lr3 and a resonant capacitor Cr3, the resonant inductor Lr3, a primary winding Lm3 of the transformer T3 and the resonant capacitor Cr3 are sequentially connected in series, and the resonant inductor Lr3 is connected with a connection point E of the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4; the resonance capacitor Cr2 is connected to the source of the switching tube S4.
As shown in fig. 2, the dc-dc converter provided in this embodiment may provide three working paths, where the first working path is a single-channel working path, and as shown in fig. 2 (a), the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6 are in an off state, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S4 are in an on state, the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3 are complementarily turned on, and the transformer T2 transmits energy to the secondary side. The second working path is a dual-channel working path. As shown in fig. 2 (b), the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3 are in an off state, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S5, and the switching tube S4 and the switching tube S6 are in a complementary on state, and the transformer T1 and the transformer T2 transmit energy to the secondary side at the same time. The third working path is a three-channel working path, as shown in fig. 2c, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2 are turned on simultaneously, the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4 are turned on simultaneously, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S5 are turned on complementarily, the switching tube S4 and the switching tube S6 are turned on complementarily, the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3 are turned on complementarily, and the transformer T1, the transformer T2 and the transformer T3 transmit energy to the secondary side simultaneously. The secondary sides of the transformer T1, the transformer T2 and the transformer T3 are connected with a rectification network, and the transmission energy is rectified through the rectification network and then transmitted to a load.
The direct-current converter circuit structure provided by the embodiment not only can change the current stress of each channel, but also can realize extremely wide voltage gain range adjustment by combining the serial or serial-parallel structure of the secondary side rectifying modules.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a three-channel hybrid dc-dc converter based on a half-bridge three-level circuit, the circuit structure of which is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and as shown in fig. 3, only the structure of the second resonant circuit is changed, and the second resonant circuit is replaced by an auxiliary inductor Lr4, specifically, one end of the auxiliary inductor Lr4 is connected to the connection point C of the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3, the other end is connected to the primary winding Lm2 of the transformer T2, and the primary winding Lm2 of the transformer T2 is connected to the connection point D of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6.
The transformer T1, the transformer T2 and the transformer T3 of the dc-dc converter provided in this embodiment transmit energy to the secondary side at the same time, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S5 are complementarily turned on, the switching tube S4 and the switching tube S6 are complementarily turned on, the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3 are complementarily turned on, and a certain phase difference exists between the conduction of the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2; the output voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the phase difference between the conduction of the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2. The voltage and current waveforms of each port are shown in fig. 5, wherein the currents ir1, ir2, ir3 are the resonant currents of the resonant inductor Lr1, the auxiliary inductor Lr4, and the resonant inductor Lr3, and im1, im2, and im3 are the exciting currents of the transformer T1, the transformer T2, and the transformer T3, respectively.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a three-channel resonance type dc-dc converter based on a full-bridge three-level circuit, which has a circuit configuration substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and only the configuration of the switching network is changed as shown in fig. 6.
The switching network comprises two switching circuits with the same structure, taking a first switching circuit as an example, wherein the first switching circuit comprises a switching tube S11, a switching tube S12, a switching tube S13, a switching tube S14, a switching tube SC1 and a diode DC1, the drain electrode of the switching tube S11 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube S11 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S12, the source electrode of the switching tube S12 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S13, the source electrode of the switching tube S13 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S14, and the source electrode of the switching tube S14 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the source of the switching tube SC1 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14, the drain thereof is connected to the positive electrode of the diode DC1, and the negative electrode of the diode DC1 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S11 and the switching tube S12. The second switching circuit comprises a switching tube S21, a switching tube S22, a switching tube S23, a switching tube S24, a switching tube SC2 and a diode DC2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S21 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube S is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S22, the source electrode of the switching tube S22 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S23, the source electrode of the switching tube S23 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S24, and the source electrode of the switching tube S24 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the drain of the switching tube SC2 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S21 and the switching tube S22, the source thereof is connected to the cathode of the diode DC2, and the anode of the diode DC2 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S23 and the switching tube S24.
The connection point of the switching tube SC1 and the diode DC1 is respectively connected with the connection point O of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 and the connection point of the switching tube SC2 and the diode DC 2.
The resonance inductance Lr1 of the first resonance circuit is connected to the drain of the switching tube S21, and the resonance capacitance Cr1 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S21 and the switching tube S22. The resonance inductance Lr2 of the second resonance circuit is connected with a connection point between the switching tube S12 and the switching tube S13; the resonance capacitor Cr2 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S22 and the switching tube S23. The resonance inductor Lr3 of the third resonance circuit is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14; the resonance capacitor Cr2 is connected to the source of the switching tube S24.
As shown in fig. 7, the dc-dc converter provided in this embodiment can provide 12 kinds of working paths, and defines the voltages at the ports of the transformers T1 and T3 to be in synchronous mode at the same time, and vice versa.
Fig. 7 (a) - (7 (h)) are the transformer T1, the transformer T2, and the transformer T3 transmitting energy to the secondary side at the same time, fig. 7 (a) and fig. 7 (b) are the working paths of the transformer T2 ports operating at Vin and-Vin levels, respectively, fig. 7 (C) and fig. 7 (d) are the working paths of the capacitors C1, C2 discharging respectively and the transformer T2 port operating at Vin/2 level in synchronous mode, and fig. 7 (e) and fig. 7 (f) are the working paths of the transformer T2 ports at Vin/2 and-Vin/2 level in asynchronous mode, respectively. Fig. 7 (g) and fig. 7 (h) are respectively the working paths of the 0 level of the T2 port of the transformer in the synchronous and asynchronous working modes.
Fig. 7 (i) to 7 (k) are single-channel working paths in which only the transformer T2 works, and fig. 7 (i) and 7 (j) are working paths in which the ports of the transformer T2 are Vin/2 and-Vin/2 levels respectively in the single-channel working paths. Fig. 7 (k) shows the working paths of the transformers T1 to T3 with the ports at the 0 level.
Fig. 7 (l) two-channel working paths where the transformers T1 and T3 transmit energy simultaneously, the transformers T1 and T3 both work at Vin/2 port level.
On the premise of ensuring volt-second balance and dynamic balance of input capacitance energy, by combining the working paths, the wide-range adjustment of output voltage and high-power transmission can be realized by utilizing a pulse width modulation or frequency modulation technology.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a five-channel hybrid dc-dc converter based on a full-bridge three-level circuit, which has a circuit configuration substantially the same as that of embodiment 2, and as shown in fig. 8, the switching network configuration is changed and 2 transformers are added.
The switching network comprises a third switching circuit and a fourth switching circuit, the third switching circuit comprises a switching tube S31, a switching tube S32, a switching tube S33, a switching tube S34, a switching tube SC3 and a switching tube SC4, the drain electrode of the switching tube S31 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube S31 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S32, the source electrode of the switching tube S32 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S33, the source electrode of the switching tube S33 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S34, and the source electrode of the switching tube S34 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the drain of the switching tube SC3 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S31 and the switching tube S32, the source thereof is connected to the drain of the switching tube SC4, and the source of the switching tube SC4 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34.
The fourth switching circuit comprises a switching tube S41, a switching tube S42, a switching tube S43, a switching tube S44, a switching tube SC5 and a switching tube SC6, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S41 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube S is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S42, the source electrode of the switching tube S42 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S43, the source electrode of the switching tube S43 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S44, and the source electrode of the switching tube S44 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the drain of the switching tube SC5 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S41 and the switching tube S42, the source thereof is connected to the drain of the switching tube SC6, and the source of the switching tube SC6 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44.
The connection point of the switching tube SC3 and the switching tube SC4 is connected to the connection point of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 and the connection point of the switching tube SC5 and the switching tube SC6, respectively.
The primary winding of the transformer T4 is connected with a fourth resonant circuit, the fourth resonant circuit comprises a resonant inductor Lr3 and a resonant capacitor Cr3, the resonant inductor Lr3, the primary winding of the transformer T4 and the resonant capacitor Cr3 are sequentially connected in series, the resonant inductor Lr5 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S31, and the resonant capacitor Cr2 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S31 and the switching tube S32.
The primary winding group of the transformer T5 is connected with a fifth resonant circuit, the fifth resonant circuit comprises a resonant inductor Lr6 and a resonant capacitor Cr6, the resonant inductor Lr6, the primary winding Lm5 of the transformer T5 and the resonant capacitor Cr6 are sequentially connected in series, the resonant inductor Lr5 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44, and the resonant capacitor Cr2 is connected with a source electrode of the switching tube S31.
The resonance inductance Lr1 of the first resonance circuit is connected to the drain of the switching tube S41, and the resonance capacitance Cr1 is connected to the connection point of the switching tube S41 and the switching tube S42. The auxiliary inductor Lr4 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S32 and the switching tube S33; the primary winding Lm2 of the transformer T2 is connected to a connection point between the switching tube S42 and the switching tube S43. The resonance inductor Lr3 of the third resonance circuit is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34; the resonance capacitor Cr2 is connected to the source of the switching tube S44.
As shown in fig. 9, the working paths of the dc-dc converter provided in this embodiment include 6 types, where fig. 9 (a) and 9 (b) are working paths under Vin and-Vin levels of the ports of the converter T2, respectively; fig. 9 (c) and 9 (d) show a transformer T 2 The ports respectively work atV in 2 and-V in An operating path at level/2. Fig. 9 (c) and 9 (f) show a transformer T 2 The ports operate at two working paths at the 0 level. In addition, the transformer T in fig. 9 (a), 9 (c) and 9 (c) 1 And a transformer T 3 The ports are allV in Level/2, voltage transformationDevice T 4 And a transformer T 5 The ports are all at 0 level. Fig. 9 (b), 9 (d) and 9 (f) show a transformer T 1 And a transformer T 3 The ports are all 0 level, and the transformer T 4 And a transformer T 5 The ports are allV in Level/2.
On the premise of ensuring volt-second balance and dynamic balance of input capacitance energy, by combining the working paths, the wide-range adjustment and high-power transmission of output voltage can be realized by utilizing pulse width modulation or frequency modulation technology, and the switching tube always works atV in Voltage stress of/2.
Example 5
The present embodiment is a detailed description of the rectifying network on the secondary side of the transformer in embodiments 1 to 4.
Two groups of windings are arranged on the secondary side of the transformer, the homonymous ends of the two groups of windings are connected with the heteronymous ends, the other ends of the two groups of windings are respectively connected with the anodes of the diodes, and the cathodes of the two diodes are connected; the connection point of the diode cathode and the secondary side homonymous end and the heteronymous end of each transformer is used as an endpoint, each transformer is used as a single module, and a plurality of rectification networks are connected in series, parallel or mixed.
The rectifying networks of the embodiments 1 and 3 are series rectifying networks, the negative electrode of the diode D1 of the transformer T1 is used as the output positive electrode, the connection point of the secondary homonymous terminal and the heteronymous terminal of the transformer T1 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D3 of the transformer T2, the connection point of the secondary homonymous terminal and the heteronymous terminal of the transformer T2 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D5 of the transformer T3, the connection point of the secondary homonymous terminal and the heteronymous terminal of the transformer T3 is used as the output negative electrode, and the output capacitor Co is connected between the output positive electrode and the output negative electrode. The rectifying networks of embodiment 1 and embodiment 3 may also be of a parallel type or a hybrid type, and as shown in fig. 10 (e), a series type rectifying network structure with a number of transformers greater than 3 is used.
The parallel rectifier network is configured by connecting a plurality of modules in parallel, and finally connects the output support capacitor Co as shown in fig. 10 (f).
In the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4, 3 module outputs are connected in parallel and in series, and finally, the 3 module outputs are connected to the output support capacitor Co, and the plurality of module outputs are connected as shown in fig. 10 (g).
In practical application, although three rectifying networks can be combined with four switching networks at will, in order to better play the respective advantages of each switching network and rectifying network. In a three-channel resonance type DC-DC converter switching network based on a half-bridge three-level circuit and a three-channel resonance type DC-DC converter switching network based on a full-bridge three-level circuit, a series rectifier network is suggested to better exert the characteristic of wide voltage gain range output. In a three-channel mixed type DC-DC converter switching network based on a half-bridge three-level circuit and a five-channel mixed type DC-DC converter switching network based on a three-level full-bridge, a parallel or mixed type rectifying network is more recommended to be adopted, so that the working capacity of the three-channel mixed type DC-DC converter switching network under a high-power occasion is better improved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification and substitution based on the technical scheme and the inventive concept provided by the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The multichannel DC-DC converter switching network based on three-level circuit is characterized in that: the transformer comprises a switch circuit, a capacitor string, a transformer T1, a transformer T2, a transformer T3 and a resonance circuit;
the switching circuit comprises a switching tube S1, a switching tube S2, a switching tube S3, a switching tube S4, a switching tube S5 and a switching tube S6, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the switching tube S1, the switching tube S2, the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through the source electrode, and the source electrode of the switching tube S4 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the source electrode of the switching tube S5 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S6, the drain electrode of the switching tube S5 is connected with the source electrode of the switching tube S1, and the source electrode of the switching tube S6 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S4;
a capacitor string formed by connecting two capacitors in series is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the connection point of the two capacitors is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6;
the primary sides of the transformer T1, the transformer T2 and the transformer T3 are respectively connected with a resonant circuit, and the resonant circuits comprise a resonant inductor connected to the current input end of the primary side winding of the transformer and a resonant capacitor connected to the current output end of the primary side winding of the transformer;
the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S1, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T3 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T3 is connected with a source electrode of the switching tube S4;
and the on or off of a switching tube in the switching circuit is controlled, so that the working state of the secondary side of the transformer is controlled.
2. The three-level circuit-based multi-channel dc-dc converter switching network of claim 1, wherein: the resonant circuit connected with the transformer T2 is replaced by an auxiliary inductor, one end of the auxiliary inductor is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3, the other end of the auxiliary inductor is connected with a primary side winding current input end of the transformer, and a primary side winding current output end of the transformer is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S5 and the switching tube S6; the output voltage is adjusted by adjusting the phase difference between the conduction of the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2.
3. The three-level circuit-based multi-channel dc-dc converter switching network of claim 1, wherein: the switching circuit is replaced by a first switching circuit and a second switching circuit;
the first switching circuit comprises a switching tube S11, a switching tube S12, a switching tube S13, a switching tube S14, a switching tube SC1 and a diode DC1, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S11 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S11, the switching tube S12, the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through the source electrode, the source electrode of the switching tube S14 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode DC1, the source electrode of the switching tube SC1 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14, and the negative electrode of the diode DC1 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S11 and the switching tube S12;
the second switching circuit comprises a switching tube S21, a switching tube S22, a switching tube S23, a switching tube S24, a switching tube SC2 and a diode DC2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S21 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S21, the switching tube S22, the switching tube S23 and the switching tube S24 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through the source electrode, the source electrode of the switching tube S24 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube SC2 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode DC2, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC2 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S21 and the switching tube S22, and the positive electrode of the diode DC2 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S23 and the switching tube S24;
the connection point of the switching tube SC1 and the diode DC1 is respectively connected with the connection point of the capacitor string and the connection point of the switching tube SC2 and the diode DC 2;
the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S21, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S21 and the switching tube S22; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S12 and the switching tube S13; the resonance capacitor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S22 and the switching tube S23; the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T3 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S13 and the switching tube S14; the resonant capacitor connected to the transformer T3 is connected to the source of the switching tube S24.
4. The three-level circuit based multi-channel dc-dc converter switching network of claim 2, wherein: the switching circuit is replaced by a third switching circuit and a fourth switching circuit;
the third switching circuit comprises a switching tube S31, a switching tube S32, a switching tube S33, a switching tube S34, a switching tube SC3 and a switching tube SC4, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S31 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S31, the switching tube S32, the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through source electrodes, the source electrode of the switching tube S34 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube SC3 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube SC4, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC3 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S31 and the switching tube S32, and the source electrode of the switching tube SC4 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34;
the fourth switching circuit comprises a switching tube S41, a switching tube S42, a switching tube S43, a switching tube S44, a switching tube SC5 and a switching tube SC6, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube S41 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply, the switching tube S41, the switching tube S42, the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44 are sequentially connected with the drain electrode through source electrodes, the source electrode of the switching tube S44 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the switching tube SC5 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube SC6, the drain electrode of the switching tube SC5 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S41 and the switching tube S42, and the source electrode of the switching tube SC6 is connected with the connecting point of the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44;
the connection point of the switching tube SC3 and the switching tube SC4 is respectively connected with the connection point of the capacitor string and the connection point of the switching tube SC5 and the switching tube SC 6;
the resonant inductor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S41, and the resonant capacitor connected with the transformer T1 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S41 and the switching tube S42; an auxiliary inductor connected with the transformer T2 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S32 and the switching tube S33, and a primary side winding current output end of the transformer T2 is connected with a connection point of the switching tube S42 and the switching tube S43; the resonant inductor connected to the transformer T3 is connected to the connection point between the switching tube S33 and the switching tube S34, and the resonant capacitor connected to the transformer T3 is connected to the source of the switching tube S44.
5. The three-level circuit based multi-channel dc-dc converter switching network of claim 2, wherein: the third switch circuit is connected with a transformer T4, and the fourth switch circuit is connected with a transformer T5;
the primary winding group of the transformer T4 is connected with a fourth resonant circuit, the resonant inductor Lr4 of the fourth resonant circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube S31, and the resonant capacitor Cr3 is connected with the connection point of the switching tube S31 and the switching tube S32;
the primary winding of the transformer T5 is connected to a fifth resonant circuit, and a resonant inductor Lr5 and a resonant capacitor Cr4 of the fifth resonant circuit are connected to a connection point between the switching tube S43 and the switching tube S44.
6. The three-level circuit-based multi-channel dc-dc converter switching network according to any of claims 1-5, wherein: two groups of winding groups are arranged on the secondary sides of the transformer T1, the transformer T2 and the transformer T3, the synchronous end and the asynchronous end of the two groups of winding groups of each transformer are connected, the other synchronous end and the asynchronous end are connected with diodes, and the cathodes of the diodes are connected with each other to form a rectifying circuit;
the rectification currents of the transformers are connected in series to form a series rectification network, or the rectification currents of the transformers are connected in parallel to form a parallel rectification network, or the rectification currents of the transformers are connected in series and parallel to form a mixed rectification network.
7. The three-level circuit-based multi-channel dc-dc converter switching network of claim 6, wherein: and the output end of the rectifying network is connected with a supporting capacitor Co.
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