CN117374594A

CN117374594A - Antenna base

Info

Publication number: CN117374594A
Application number: CN202311567652.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张�林; 刘建壮; 刘铭
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement
Priority date: 2023-11-22
Filing date: 2023-11-22
Publication date: 2024-01-09

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an antenna pedestal, which comprises a pedestal; the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the base through the azimuth mechanism; and a pitching mechanism positioned at one end of the support frame away from the azimuth mechanism; the antenna is arranged on the support frame through the pitching mechanism and can perform pitching adjustment relative to the support frame under the action of the pitching mechanism; the azimuth mechanism comprises an azimuth shaft arranged in the base, a first worm wheel combined and fixed on the circumference side of the azimuth shaft, and a first worm meshed with the first worm wheel; the azimuth shaft, the first worm wheel and the base are coaxially arranged, and the support frame is combined and fixed with the azimuth shaft and can rotate along with the rotation of the azimuth shaft; the first worm penetrates through the base, the rotation axis of the first worm is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the azimuth shaft, the first worm rotates to drive the first worm wheel to rotate, and accordingly the azimuth shaft drives the support frame to rotate relative to the base, azimuth adjustment of the antenna is achieved, and transmission accuracy of the antenna is greatly improved.

Description

Antenna base

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of measuring radars. And more particularly to an antenna mount.

Background

The radar is mainly applied to searching, measuring, tracking, navigation, warning and other aspects, and the antenna is an important component of the radar, is a device for supporting the antenna to detect a target, and can control the posture change of the antenna to lead the wave beam to be aligned to the target or the appointed direction. The azimuth and pitching adjusting mechanisms of the antenna pedestal in the prior art mostly adopt gear transmission modes, and the transmission is safe and stable, but the problems of large weight, large occupied space, transmission backlash error and the like of the transmission mechanism exist. Although the structure is simple, the requirements of light weight, high precision and low cost cannot be met at the same time, the azimuth and pitching adjustment antenna base of the automatic structure can meet the requirements of precision, but the structure is complex, the weight is large, and the cost is high, so that the requirement of light weight and miniaturization cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an antenna base that can be miniaturized and has required accuracy.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an antenna mount, comprising:

a base;

the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the base through the azimuth mechanism; and

a pitching mechanism located at one end of the support frame away from the azimuth mechanism;

the antenna is arranged on the support frame through a pitching mechanism and can perform pitching adjustment relative to the support frame under the action of the pitching mechanism;

the azimuth mechanism comprises an azimuth shaft arranged in the base, a first worm wheel combined and fixed on the circumference side of the azimuth shaft, and a first worm meshed with the first worm wheel;

the bearing shaft, the first worm wheel and the base are coaxially arranged, and the support frame is combined and fixed with the bearing shaft and can rotate along with the rotation of the bearing shaft;

the first worm penetrates through the base, the rotation axis of the first worm is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the azimuth shaft, the first worm rotates to drive the first worm wheel to rotate, and therefore the azimuth shaft drives the support frame to rotate relative to the base, and azimuth adjustment of the antenna is achieved.

In addition, preferably, the rotation axis of the first worm is perpendicular to the central axis of the base;

the two ends of the first worm comprise driving structures, the two ends of the first worm penetrate out of the base, and the first worm is driven to rotate through corresponding matching driving parts with the first driving structures.

In addition, preferably, the base is of a regular eight-prism structure, a first mounting hole for mounting the azimuth shaft is formed in the center of the base, and the azimuth shaft is mounted in the first mounting hole through a bearing;

the outer diameter of the first worm gear is smaller than the inner diameter of the first mounting hole.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the bottom of the base comprises a mounting flange.

In addition, preferably, a circular sliding rail is arranged on one side surface of the base, which is close to the supporting frame, the supporting frame is in sliding connection with the circular sliding rail through a sliding block, and the supporting frame can move along the track of the circular sliding rail under the driving of the azimuth mechanism.

In addition, preferably, a first stop block is fixedly combined on one side, close to the base, of the support frame, and the first stop block is out of the orthographic projection range of the base;

the periphery of the base is fixedly combined with a second stop block, the second stop block is positioned in the travel range of the first stop block, and a mechanical stop is formed by contact of the first stop block and the second stop block.

In addition, the preferred scheme is that the supporting frame is of a U-shaped structure and comprises a connecting arm which is combined and fixed with the azimuth axis, and a first supporting arm and a second supporting arm which are respectively combined and fixed at two ends of the connecting arm;

the pitching mechanism comprises a first pitching component and a second pitching component which are respectively positioned at one ends of the first supporting arm and the second supporting arm far away from the connecting arm, the first pitching component and the second pitching component are oppositely arranged, and an installation space for installing an antenna is formed between the first pitching component and the second pitching component.

In addition, preferably, the first pitching assembly is mounted on the first supporting arm through a first support, and one end of the first support, which is far away from the first supporting arm, comprises a second mounting hole;

the second pitching assembly is mounted on the second supporting arm through a second support, and one end, far away from the second supporting arm, of the second support comprises a third mounting hole;

the central axes of the second mounting hole and the third mounting hole are parallel to the plane where the base is positioned;

the first pitching assembly comprises a first pitching shaft positioned in the second mounting hole, a second worm wheel combined and fixed on the periphery side of the first pitching shaft, and a second worm meshed with the second worm wheel;

the first pitching shaft and the second worm wheel are concentrically arranged with the second mounting hole, the rotation axis of the second worm is perpendicular to the central axis of the second mounting hole, and the second worm is driven to rotate by rotation of the second worm, so that the first pitching shaft is driven to rotate;

the second pitching assembly comprises a second pitching shaft positioned in the third mounting hole, and the second pitching shaft and the third mounting hole are coaxially arranged.

In addition, preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the second pitching shaft, which is close to one end of the first pitching shaft, is fixedly combined with a first limiting block, one side of the second support, which is close to the first support, comprises a second limiting block which is correspondingly matched with the first limiting block, and the first limiting block and the second limiting block are in contact to realize mechanical stop.

In addition, preferably, one ends of the first pitching shaft and the second pitching shaft, which are close to each other, are respectively combined and fixed with a first transition shaft and a second transition shaft, and one side end surfaces of the first transition shaft and the second transition shaft, which are close to each other, comprise an antenna mechanical interface;

the antenna pedestal further comprises a balancing weight, and the balancing weight is respectively installed on the first transition shaft and the second transition shaft through a balancing weight installation interface.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the embodiment of the invention provides an antenna pedestal, which greatly improves the transmission precision of an antenna and effectively reduces the cost by optimizing and improving the transmission systems of a positioning mechanism and a pitching mechanism. The worm drive is adopted to replace the existing gear drive, the structure is more compact, the drive ratio is large, the drive is stable, the vibration, the impact and the noise are very small, and the self-locking performance is realized. The movement of the azimuth axis and the pitching mechanism is controlled from the outside through the driving piece so as to control the attitude change of the antenna, and the beam is aligned to a target or a designated direction, so that the radar system can complete a measurement task.

Drawings

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of an antenna base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna mount provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a side cross-sectional view of an antenna mount provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of an azimuth mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 shows a cross-section A-A in figure 4.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first pitch assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows a section B-B of fig. 6.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The antenna is used as an important component of the radar, the antenna base is a device for supporting the antenna to detect the target, and the attitude change of the antenna can be controlled to lead the wave beam to be aligned to the target or the appointed direction. The azimuth and pitching adjusting mechanisms of the antenna pedestal in the prior art mostly adopt gear transmission modes, and the transmission is safe and stable, but the problems of large weight, large occupied space, transmission backlash error and the like of the transmission mechanism exist. Although the structure is simple, the requirements of light weight, high precision and low cost cannot be met at the same time, the azimuth and pitching adjustment antenna base of the automatic structure can meet the requirements of precision, but the structure is complex, the weight is large, and the cost is high, so that the requirement of light weight and miniaturization cannot be met.

In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna mount, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, which includes a base 1, a support frame 2, an azimuth mechanism 3, and a pitching mechanism. The antenna is installed on the support frame 2 through the every single move mechanism, can drive the antenna to carry out the adjustment of every single move gesture for support frame 2, and support frame 2 passes through azimuth mechanism to be installed on base 1, can rotate in the horizontal plane for base 1 to carry out azimuth adjustment to the antenna.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the base 1 is in a regular eight-prism structure, a first mounting hole 11 is formed in the center of the base 1, and a central axis of the first mounting hole 11 is perpendicular to a plane where the base 1 is located. The bottom of the base 1 comprises a fixing flange 12, and the fixing flange 12 is provided with a round edge, so that the base can be suitable for various installation occasions such as vehicle-mounted occasions.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the azimuth mechanism 3 includes an azimuth shaft 31, a first worm wheel 32 and a first worm 33, where the first worm wheel 32 is coaxially disposed with the azimuth shaft 31, and sleeved on the outer periphery of the azimuth shaft 31, and is fixedly combined with the circumferential side of the azimuth shaft 31, so that the azimuth shaft 31 can rotate along with the rotation of the first worm wheel 32. The azimuth axis 31 is located in the first mounting hole 11, and the azimuth axis 31 is disposed concentrically with the first mounting hole 11. The outer diameter of the first worm wheel 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first mounting hole 11, so that the first worm wheel 32 can be mounted in the first mounting hole 11 and can rotate in the first mounting hole 11.

In this embodiment, the azimuth shaft 31 is mounted in the first mounting hole 11 through a bearing, so as to provide support for the azimuth shaft 31, reduce the friction coefficient during the movement process, ensure the rotation precision, enable the rotation only, and control the axial and radial movement of the azimuth shaft 31.

Specifically, a pair of back-up angular contact ball bearings 51 are installed at the upper end of the azimuth shaft 31, the inner rings of the back-up angular contact ball bearings 51 are in clearance fit with the outer wall of the azimuth shaft 31, and the rigidity of the shafting is ensured by applying pretightening force through a locking nut. The back-rest angular contact ball bearing 51 is mounted on the base 1 through a bearing seat, and the inner ring of the bearing seat is in clearance fit with the outer ring of the back-rest angular contact ball bearing 51.

The bottom of the azimuth shaft 31 is provided with a deep groove ball bearing 52, and the deep groove ball bearing 52 is used for carrying out auxiliary support on the azimuth shaft 31, so that the shaking amount of a shaft system of the azimuth shaft 31 is reduced, and the rigidity of the shaft system is increased.

In a specific embodiment, the first worm 33 is a driving member, the first worm wheel 32 is a driven member, and rotating the first worm 33 drives the first worm wheel 32 to rotate, so that the rotation of the first worm wheel 32 drives the rotation of the azimuth shaft 31. The support frame 2 is installed in the upper end of azimuth axis 31, and the rotation of azimuth axis 31 drives the rotation of support frame 2 to realize the azimuth adjustment of antenna.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first worm 33 is disposed through the base 1, and partially enters the first mounting hole 11 to be in contact with and engaged with the first worm wheel 32. The rotation axis of the first worm 33 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the azimuth shaft 31 and parallel to the horizontal plane, and the first worm 33 is manually driven to rotate to adjust the azimuth of the antenna.

Both ends of the first worm 33 include driving structures (not shown) for driving the first worm 33 to rotate by cooperating with driving members (not shown) correspondingly cooperating with the driving structures. In one embodiment, the driving structure is an outer hexagonal structure located at two ends of the first worm 33, the driving member is a handle with an inner hexagonal interface, the handle is connected with the outer hexagonal structure on the first worm 33, and the first worm 33 is driven to rotate by the handle, so as to drive the first worm wheel 32 to rotate, thereby realizing the angular rotation of the azimuth shaft 31. In another embodiment, the driving structure may also be designed as an inner hexagon structure at two ends of the first worm 33, and the driving member is a handle with an outer hexagon interface, and the handle is connected with the inner hexagon structure on the first worm 33, and drives the first worm 33 to rotate through the handle, so as to drive the first worm wheel 32 to rotate, thereby realizing the angular rotation of the azimuth shaft 31.

In this embodiment, for convenience in operation, the two ends of the first worm 33 penetrate out of the base 1, and are exposed to the outside, so that the first worm 33 is conveniently adjusted by the driving member.

In a specific embodiment, a sliding rail assembly is connected between the base 1 and the support frame 2, so that the support frame 2 can rotate more stably through the sliding rail assembly, and guiding function can be provided for the movement of the support frame 2. The sliding rail assembly comprises a circular sliding rail (not shown) positioned on one side surface of the base 1 close to the supporting frame 2, and a sliding block (not shown) combined and fixed at the bottom of the supporting frame 2, wherein the supporting frame 2 is connected with the circular sliding rail through the sliding block and can move along the track of the circular sliding rail under the drive of the azimuth mechanism 3.

The first stop block 61 is installed on the surface of one side, close to the base 1, of the support frame 2, and the first stop block 61 is located on the periphery of the base 1, namely, the first stop block 61 is out of the orthographic projection range of the base 1, so that interference caused by collision with the base 1 in the rotation process of the support frame 2 is avoided. The second stop block 62 is fixedly combined with the peripheral side of the base 1, the second stop block 62 is in the stroke range of the first stop block 61, and when the support frame 2 rotates to a mechanical limiting angle, the first stop block 61 and the second stop block 62 are contacted to form a mechanical stop, so that the limiting effect is achieved.

The support frame 2 has a U-shaped structure, and in a specific embodiment, the support frame 2 includes a connection arm 21, and a first support arm 22 and a second support arm 23 respectively coupled and fixed to two ends of the connection arm 21. The connection arm 21 is provided parallel to the horizontal plane, is fixed to the upper end surface of the azimuth axis 31, and is rotatable with the rotation of the azimuth axis 31. The first support arm 22 and the second support arm 23 are disposed perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and are disposed parallel to the midline axis of the azimuth axis 31. The pitching mechanism comprises a first pitching assembly 41 and a second pitching assembly 42, which are respectively positioned at the ends of the first support arm 22 and the second support arm 23, which are far away from the connecting arm 21, and a mounting space for mounting the antenna is arranged between the first pitching assembly 41 and the second pitching assembly 42. The antenna is cylindric, and the both ends of antenna are including protruding ear seat, and the distance is unanimous with the span between first every single move subassembly 41 and the every single move subassembly 42 between two ear seats, just can install and be fixed in on the every single move axial terminal surface of first every single move subassembly 41 and second every single move subassembly 42.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first pitch assembly 41 is mounted on the first support arm 22 through the first support 411, and a second mounting hole 412 is formed at an end of the first support 411 away from the first support arm 22, and a central axis of the second mounting hole 412 is parallel to a horizontal plane, which is a plane on which the base 1 is located in the present embodiment, as will be understood. The first pitch shaft 413 of the first pitch assembly 41 is mounted in the second mounting hole 412, rotatably mounted in the second mounting hole 412 by the paired angular contact ball bearings 53, and the first pitch shaft 413 is disposed coaxially with the second mounting hole 412.

Specifically, the bushings 54 are installed between the paired angular contact ball bearings 53, which can increase the distance between the bearings and lock the shafting by the back-to-back installation structure.

In this embodiment, a second worm wheel 414 is fixedly coupled to the circumferential side of the first pitch shaft 413, and the second worm wheel 414 is disposed concentrically with the first pitch shaft 413, and the first pitch shaft 413 is rotatable with the rotation of the second worm wheel 414, so as to drive the antenna mounted between the first pitch assembly 41 and the second pitch assembly 42 to perform pitch adjustment. A second worm 415 meshed with the second worm wheel 414 is arranged in the first pitching shaft 413 in a penetrating way, and the rotation axis of the second worm 415 is perpendicular to the central axis of the second mounting hole 412.

Both ends of the second worm 415 include driving structures (not shown) for driving the second worm 415 to rotate by cooperating with driving members (not shown) correspondingly cooperating with the driving structures. In an embodiment, the driving structure is an outer hexagonal structure located at two ends of the second worm 415, the driving member is a handle with an inner hexagonal interface, the handle is connected with the outer hexagonal structure on the second worm 415, the second worm 415 is driven to rotate by the handle, and the second worm wheel 414 is driven to rotate, so that the pitch angle of the antenna is adjusted. In another embodiment, the driving structure may also be designed as an inner hexagon structure located at two ends of the second worm 415, and the driving member is a handle with an outer hexagon interface, and is connected with the inner hexagon structure on the second worm 415, and drives the second worm 415 to rotate through the handle, so as to drive the second worm wheel 414 to rotate, thereby realizing adjustment of the pitching angle of the antenna.

In this embodiment, for convenience in operation, two ends of the second worm 415 penetrate through the hole wall of the second mounting hole 412, and are exposed to the outside, so that the second worm 415 is conveniently adjusted by the driving member.

In one embodiment, the second pitch assembly 42 is mounted on the second support arm 23 through a second support 421, a third mounting hole 422 is formed at an end of the second support 421 away from the second support arm 23, a central axis of the third mounting hole 422 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the second mounting hole 412 and the third mounting hole 422 are disposed opposite to each other. It will be appreciated that the horizontal plane described in this embodiment is the plane in which the base 1 lies. The second pitch axis 423 of the second pitch assembly 42 is mounted in the third mounting hole 422, and the second pitch axis 423 is disposed coaxially with the third mounting hole 422.

When the antenna is arranged between the first pitching assembly 41 and the second pitching assembly 42, the second worm 415 drives the first pitching shaft 413 to rotate, so that the second pitching shaft 423 is driven to rotate, and the pitching angle of the antenna is adjusted.

As shown in fig. 3, the outer peripheral surface of one side of the second pitching shaft 423, which is close to the first pitching shaft 413, is provided with a first limiting block 71, one side of the second support 421, which is close to the first support 411, includes a second limiting block 72, which is correspondingly matched with the first limiting block 71, and the first limiting block 71 can rotate along with the second pitching shaft 423, and the second limiting block 72 is arranged on the stroke of the first limiting block 71 and is arranged on the middle line of the second support 421, and when the pitching mechanism rotates to a mechanical limiting angle, the first limiting block 71 and the second limiting block 72 are contacted to form a mechanical stop, so as to achieve a limiting effect.

In one embodiment, the ends of the first pitching shaft 413 and the second pitching shaft 423, which are close to each other, are respectively combined and fixed with a first transition shaft 416 and a second transition shaft 424, and the ends of the first transition shaft 416 and the second transition shaft 424, which are close to each other, include a connecting flange, and an antenna mechanical interface is arranged on the connecting flange, so that the installation and fixation of multiple antennas can be suitable.

In addition, the antenna pedestal further comprises a balancing weight 8, the balancing weight 8 is respectively installed on the first transition shaft 416 and the second transition shaft 424 through a balancing weight installation interface, and when the center of gravity deviates from a pitching axis after load installation, balancing of a pitching axis can be achieved by adding the balancing weight with corresponding mass.

In one embodiment, the first pitch axis 413 and the azimuth axis 31 are both provided with a pointer and a dial, the minimum scale of the dial is required to be 1 °, and when the azimuth axis 31 and the first pitch axis 413 are rotated by hand, an operator can observe the degree indicated by the pointer and adjust the angle positions of the azimuth and pitch axes.

It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are provided merely for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications may be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna mount, comprising:

a base;

2. The antenna mount of claim 1, wherein the rotational axis of the first worm is disposed perpendicular to the central axis of the base;

3. The antenna mount according to claim 1, wherein the base is of a regular eight-prism structure, a first mounting hole for mounting the azimuth axis is formed in the center of the base, and the azimuth axis is mounted in the first mounting hole through a bearing;

4. The antenna mount of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the base includes a mounting flange.

5. The antenna mount according to claim 1, wherein a side of the base adjacent to the support frame is provided with a circular slide rail, and the support frame is slidably connected to the circular slide rail through a slider, and is capable of moving along a track of the circular slide rail under the drive of the azimuth mechanism.

6. The antenna mount of claim 1, wherein a first stop is fixedly coupled to a side of the support frame adjacent to the base, the first stop being outside an orthographic projection range of the base;

7. The antenna mount according to claim 1, wherein the support frame has a U-shaped structure including a connection arm fixedly coupled to the azimuth axis, and a first support arm and a second support arm fixedly coupled to both ends of the connection arm, respectively;

8. The antenna mount of claim 7, wherein the first pitch assembly is mounted to the first support arm by a first mount, an end of the first mount remote from the first support arm including a second mounting hole;

9. The antenna mount according to claim 8, wherein a first stopper is fixedly combined with an outer peripheral surface of the second pitch axis near one end of the first pitch axis, a side of the second support near the first support includes a second stopper correspondingly matched with the first stopper, and the first stopper and the second stopper are in contact to achieve a mechanical stop.

10. The antenna mount of claim 8, wherein a first transition shaft and a second transition shaft are respectively fixedly combined with one end of the first pitching shaft and one end of the second pitching shaft, which are close to each other, and one side end face of the first transition shaft and one side end face of the second transition shaft, which are close to each other, comprise an antenna mechanical interface;