CN117374570A - Dielectric rod antenna and wireless communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A dielectric rod antenna and a wireless communication device are provided. The dielectric rod antenna includes: the dielectric rod sequentially comprises a first feeding section, a second feeding section and a radiation section along the length direction; the waveguide is wrapped outside the first feeding section and the second feeding section; a first feeder line passing through the waveguide and extending into the first feeder section, the extending portion extending in a first direction perpendicular to a length direction of the dielectric rod; a second feeder line passing through the waveguide and extending into the second feeder section, the extending portion extending in a second direction perpendicular to both the length direction and the first direction of the dielectric rod; the polarizing plate is positioned between the first feeding section and the second feeding section, and the plane of the polarizing plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the dielectric rod; the polarizer includes a coupling window having a dimension in the second direction that is greater than a dimension in the first direction. When two electromagnetic waves with main polarization directions orthogonal to each other are fed into the radiation section, the polarization plate can reduce electric field coupling between two feed lines, namely two feed ports, so that the port isolation degree is improved.

Description

Dielectric rod antenna and wireless communication equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a dielectric rod antenna and wireless communication equipment.

Background

Wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) traffic scenarios are diversified. Wherein the WLAN signal is transmitted through an antenna, and the antenna index is strongly correlated with the scene.

Currently, WLAN scenarios generally require antennas with dual polarization characteristics and certain requirements for port isolation. In addition, the directional antennas used in WLAN scenarios are mostly flat panel antennas, and there is a lack of a rod-shaped directional antenna, i.e. a dielectric rod antenna, because the dielectric rod antenna typically only has a monopole mode.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a dielectric rod antenna and wireless communication equipment, this dielectric rod antenna possess dual polarization mode, and the port isolation is higher.

In a first aspect, there is provided a dielectric rod antenna comprising: the dielectric rod sequentially comprises a first feeding section, a second feeding section and a radiation section along the length direction; a waveguide wrapped outside the first and second feed sections; a first feeder line passing through the waveguide and extending into the first feed section, and a portion of the first feeder line extending into the first feed section extending in a first direction perpendicular to a length direction of the dielectric rod; a second feeder line passing through the waveguide and extending into the second feeding section, and a portion of the second feeder line extending into the second feeding section extending in a second direction perpendicular to both the length direction of the dielectric rod and the first direction; the polarizing plate is positioned between the first feeding section and the second feeding section, and the plane where the polarizing plate is positioned is perpendicular to the length direction of the dielectric rod; the polarizer includes a coupling window having a dimension along the second direction that is greater than a dimension along the first direction.

The first feeder line emits electromagnetic waves with the main polarization direction being the first direction (a small amount of electromagnetic waves with the polarization direction being the second direction, and the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction), and the first feeder line can allow the electromagnetic waves with the first direction to pass through and block the electromagnetic waves with the second direction from passing through when passing through the polarization plate, so that the second feeder line is prevented from receiving the electromagnetic waves with the second direction, and the electric field coupling formed at the second feeder line is reduced. The second feeder line emits electromagnetic waves with the main polarization direction being the second direction (including a small amount of electromagnetic waves with the polarization direction being the first direction), and the electromagnetic waves in the second direction can be blocked from passing through the polarization plate, so that the first feeder line is prevented from receiving the electromagnetic waves in the second direction, and the electric field coupling formed at the first feeder line is reduced. Therefore, when two electromagnetic waves with main polarization directions orthogonal to each other, namely dual polarized electromagnetic waves, are fed into the radiation section through the first feeder line and the second feeder line respectively, the polarization plate can reduce electric field coupling between the two feeder lines, namely the feed ports, and contributes to improving port isolation.

In one possible implementation, a side of the polarization plate facing the first feeding section is in contact with the first feeding section, and a side of the polarization plate facing the second feeding section is in contact with the second feeding section. That is, in this implementation, there is no space between the polarization plate and the first power feeding section, there is no space between the polarization plate and the second power feeding section, and opposite sides of the polarization plate are respectively in contact with the first power feeding section and the second power feeding section, which helps to smoothly and stably propagate electromagnetic waves from the first power feeding section to the second power feeding section through the polarization plate or from the second power feeding section to the first power feeding section through the polarization plate.

In one possible implementation, the dimension of the coupling window along the first direction is L1, and the dimension of the coupling window along the second direction is L2, which satisfies: l2=m·l1, and m has a value ranging from 2 to 20. That is, in this implementation, in order for the polarization plate to better block the electromagnetic waves in the second direction from passing through, the coupling window of the polarization plate may have a size in the second direction that is 2-20 times the size in the first direction. In addition, the size of the coupling window is related to the dielectric constants of the dielectric rod at the coupling window, that is, the end of the first feeding section facing the polarization plate and the end of the second feeding section facing the polarization plate, and the smaller the dielectric constant, the larger the coupling window size.

In one possible implementation, the first feeder includes: a first conductor connected to the waveguide; a second conductor passing through the waveguide and extending into the first feed section; a first insulating layer is located between the first conductor and the second conductor. That is, in this implementation, the first power feeding line may include two conductors, which may be insulated by the first insulating layer, and connected with the waveguide and the first power feeding section, respectively, to enable the first power feeding line to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves through the dielectric rod and the waveguide.

In one possible implementation, the first feeder is a coaxial line, the first conductor is an outer conductor, the second conductor is an inner conductor, and the first conductor is disposed around the second conductor. That is, in this implementation, when the first feeder is a coaxial line, the first conductor is disposed around the second conductor, and the end face of the first conductor may be connected to the waveguide, in which case the first insulating layer may be a dielectric material. It will be appreciated that the first feed line may also be a microstrip line, where desired, in which case the first conductor and the second conductor are stacked and insulation between the first conductor and the second conductor may be achieved by air or a dielectric material, i.e. the first insulating layer may be air or a dielectric material.

In one possible implementation, the second feeder includes: a third conductor connected to the waveguide; a fourth conductor passing through the waveguide and extending into the second feed section; and a second insulating layer between the third conductor and the fourth conductor. That is, in this implementation, the second power feeding line may include two conductors, which may be insulated by the second insulating layer, and connected to the waveguide and the second power feeding section, respectively, to enable the second power feeding line to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves through the dielectric rod and the waveguide.

In one possible implementation, the second feeder is a coaxial line, the third conductor is an outer conductor, the fourth conductor is an inner conductor, and the third conductor is disposed around the fourth conductor. That is, in this implementation, when the second feeder is a coaxial line, the third conductor is disposed around the fourth conductor, and the end face of the third conductor may be connected to the waveguide, in which case the second insulating layer may be a dielectric material. It will be appreciated that the second feed line may also be a microstrip line, where desired, in which case the third and fourth conductors are stacked and insulation between the third and fourth conductors may be achieved by air or a dielectric material, i.e. the second insulating layer may be air or a dielectric material.

In one possible implementation, the length of the portion of the first feeder line extending into the first feeder section is 0.2-0.6 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted or received by the first feeder line in the dielectric rod. That is, in this implementation, the length of the first feeder line extending into the first feeder section is related to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted or received by the first feeder line in the dielectric rod. Also, the "wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the dielectric rod" is related to the dielectric material employed by the dielectric rod, and the "length of the first feeder line extending into the first feeder section" may be the length of the second conductor extending into the first feeder section.

In one possible implementation, the length of the portion of the second feeder line extending into the second feeder section is 0.2-0.6 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted or received by the second feeder line in the dielectric rod. That is, in this implementation, the length of the second feeder line extending into the second feeder section is related to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted or received by the second feeder line in the dielectric rod. Also, the "wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the dielectric rod" is related to the dielectric material employed by the dielectric rod, and the "length of the second feeder line extending into the second feeder section" may be the length of the fourth conductor extending into the second feeder section.

In one possible implementation, the end of the waveguide remote from the radiating section is closed. That is, in this implementation, to prevent leakage of electromagnetic waves from the first feed section, the end of the waveguide remote from the radiating section (i.e., at the end of the first feed section remote from the radiating section) may be closed.

In one possible implementation, the cross-sectional areas of the first and second feed sections are the same, and the cross-section of the radiating section decreases in a direction away from the second feed section. That is, in this implementation, the radiation section is of a gradual structure, and as the cross-sectional area of the dielectric rod decreases, the propagation phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave in the dielectric rod increases, and when reaching the end of the dielectric rod, the phase velocity approaches the speed of light, so that radiation into free space is possible.

In one possible implementation manner, the first feeding section and the second feeding section are of cylindrical structure or prismatic structure, the radiating section is of a frustum-shaped structure, and a large end of the frustum-shaped structure is connected with the second feeding section. That is, in this implementation, in order to achieve a decrease in the cross section of the radiating section in a direction away from the second feeding section, the radiating section may be of a frustoconical configuration. The shape of the large end of the frustum-shaped structure can be the same as the shape of the cross section of the second power supply section, so that the frustum-shaped structure and the second power supply section can be connected in a matched mode, and particularly when the first power supply section and the second power supply section are both cylindrical structures, the cross section of the frustum-shaped structure can be cylindrical; when the first feeding section and the second feeding section are both prismatic structures, the cross section of the frustum-shaped structure may be prismatic.

In one possible implementation, the first feeding section and the second feeding section are both cylindrical structures or prismatic structures, the radiating section includes a plurality of cylindrical sections or prismatic sections stacked along the length direction, and a cross section of the plurality of cylindrical sections or prismatic sections decreases in a direction away from the second feeding section. That is, in this implementation, in order to achieve the decrease in the cross section of the radiating section in the direction away from the second feeding section, there may be, in particular but not limited to, the following two structures: the first structure, a plurality of cylindrical sections are stacked along the length direction to form a radiation section, the diameters of the plurality of cylindrical sections are reduced along the direction away from the second feeding section, and the central axes of the plurality of cylindrical sections can be overlapped, at this time, the first feeding section and the second feeding section can be both cylindrical structures, alternatively, the first feeding section and the second feeding section can also be both prismatic structures; the second structure, a plurality of prism sections are stacked along the length direction to form a radiation section, the cross sections of the plurality of prism sections are reduced along the direction away from the second feeding section, the central axes of the plurality of prism sections can be overlapped, at this time, the first feeding section and the second feeding section can be both prismatic structures, and optionally, the first feeding section and the second feeding section can also be both cylindrical structures.

In a second aspect, there is provided a wireless communication device comprising: the dielectric rod antenna provided in the first aspect; the first radio frequency circuit comprises a first interface, and the first feeder is connected with the first interface; the second radio frequency circuit comprises a second interface, and the second feeder is connected with the second interface.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The drawings that accompany the detailed description can be briefly described as follows.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a dielectric rod antenna.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a dielectric rod antenna with a partial structure using perspective;

FIG. 2B is a front view of the dielectric rod antenna shown in FIG. 2A;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a dielectric rod antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is an exploded view of the dielectric rod antenna of fig. 3;

FIG. 5 is an assembled schematic perspective view of a partial structure of the dielectric rod antenna shown in FIG. 3;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 5 in a front view direction;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 5 in a bottom view direction;

fig. 8A is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization plate of a dielectric rod antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8B is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization plate of the dielectric rod antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8C is a schematic structural diagram of another polarization plate of the dielectric rod antenna according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a graph of S parameters of the dielectric rod antenna of FIG. 3;

fig. 10 is an antenna pattern of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the present application, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or an contradictory or integral connection; the specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

Furthermore, in the description of the present specification, a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

Antenna isolation refers to the ratio of the signal transmitted by one antenna, received by the other antenna, to the transmitted signal. The isolation of an antenna depends on the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance of the antenna, the antenna gain. Isolation is the measure of interference suppression that is taken to minimize the impact of various interferences on the receiver. Port isolation refers to the degree of interference between feed ports. The greater the port isolation, the smaller the input signal at one port and the output signal at the other port.

The orthogonal dual polarized antenna has the function of two single polarized antennas, namely, two electromagnetic waves with orthogonal main polarization directions can be respectively transmitted (or received) through two feed ports, so that the space and the cost can be saved. When two polarization directions in the orthogonal dual polarization respectively transmit different electromagnetic wave signals, the purposes of improving the frequency spectrum utilization rate and doubling the transmission capacity on the same path and the same frequency can be realized; when the two polarization directions in the orthogonal dual polarization transmit the same electromagnetic wave signal, the signals sent by the antennas with the same place and mutually orthogonal polarization directions can be utilized to present uncorrelated fading characteristics for diversity reception, namely, a pair of orthogonal polarization antennas are designed on the antenna at the receiving and transmitting end, so that the obtained signals with uncorrelated two paths of fading characteristics can be respectively received, further the reliability is improved, the same-frequency interference can be reduced, and the receiving effect of the signals can be improved.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a dielectric rod antenna. As shown in fig. 1, in an industrial large bandwidth scenario, on the customer-terminal device (CPE) side, an end-beam, i.e., a dielectric rod antenna, may be designed to point to an Access Point (AP), and bandwidth traffic of a WLAN system used for communication between the AP and the CPE may be improved by performing an anti-interference design on the antenna. Alternatively, a dielectric rod antenna may be installed on the AP side, where the AP needs to have an external interface, and the dielectric rod antenna is installed at the external interface. That is, since the dielectric rod antenna is simply installed and the direction is adjustable, the dielectric rod antenna with the anti-interference beam can be directly used for CPE and AP with external interfaces by designing the dielectric rod antenna. The following description will mainly take an example of mounting a dielectric rod antenna on the CPE side.

In the scenario shown in fig. 1, the CPE side dielectric rod antenna is required to have dual polarization characteristics, and the port isolation requirement is high, for example, greater than 20 decibels (dB) is required. However, dielectric rod antennas generally only have a single polarization mode, and there are few schemes of dual polarization designs, but the port isolation of dual polarization dielectric rod antennas is insufficient.

Fig. 2A is a perspective view of a dielectric rod antenna with a partial structure using perspective. Fig. 2B is a front view of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 2A. As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the dielectric rod antenna includes a dielectric rod 1, a waveguide 2, a first feeding coaxial line 3, and a second feeding coaxial line 4. The dielectric rod 1 is made of a dielectric material, for example, glass material, and the waveguide 2 is made of a conductor material, for example, metal material, and in fig. 2A and 2B, perspective drawing is used for the waveguide 2. The first feeding coaxial line 3 is a first port and the second feeding coaxial line 4 is a second port. The dielectric rod 1 includes a feeding section and a radiating section in a length direction, the cross section of the feeding section may be identical in the length direction, and the cross section of the radiating section may be reduced in a direction away from the feeding section. The waveguide 2 is a conductor shell, the length of the waveguide 2 and the length of the feed section may be the same, and the shape of the waveguide 2 matches the shape of the feed section. The following description will take the example of a cylindrical structure of the feeding section, it will be appreciated that the feeding section may be of other shapes, such as a rectangular body, where the waveguide 2 is a rectangular conductor shell.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2A, the feeding section is of a cylindrical structure, the radiating section is of a frustum-shaped (frustum) structure, the waveguide 2 is of a cylindrical conductor shell, the cylindrical waveguide 2 is wrapped outside the cylindrical feeding section of the dielectric rod 1 and is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical feeding section, and the end of the cylindrical waveguide 2, which is far away from the frustum-shaped radiating section, is closed to prevent leakage of electromagnetic waves from the end of the cylindrical feeding section, which is far away from the frustum-shaped radiating section. The extension direction of the portion of the first feeding coaxial line 3 passing through the waveguide 2 and extending into the cylindrical feeding section and the extension direction of the portion of the second feeding coaxial line 4 passing through the waveguide 2 and extending into the cylindrical feeding section are perpendicular to each other and both perpendicular to the extension direction of the dielectric rod 1.

Since the dielectric rod antenna generally has only a single polarization mode, i.e. only includes the first feeding coaxial line 3 or the second feeding coaxial line 4, in fig. 2A and 2B, only a single coaxial feeding is simply changed to a double coaxial feeding, i.e. the first feeding coaxial line 3 or the second feeding coaxial line 4 perpendicular to each other is simultaneously provided, so that there is electric field coupling between the two feeding lines, i.e. the feeding ports. Specifically, when the first feeding coaxial line 3 emits electromagnetic waves, a part of the electromagnetic waves radiate to the space through the frustum-shaped radiation section, and the other part of the electromagnetic waves reach the second feeding coaxial line 4 to form electric field coupling; when the second feeding coaxial line 4 emits electromagnetic waves, a part of the electromagnetic waves radiate to the space through the frustum-shaped radiating section, and another part of the electromagnetic waves reach the first feeding coaxial line 3 to form electric field coupling, thereby resulting in poor port isolation.

In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a dielectric rod antenna and a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device includes a dielectric rod antenna, a first radio frequency circuit, and a second radio frequency circuit. The dielectric rod antenna includes a first feed line and a second feed line. The first radio frequency circuit comprises a first interface, and a first feeder is connected with the first interface; the second radio frequency circuit includes a second interface, and a second feeder is connected to the second interface. The first radio frequency circuit and the second radio frequency circuit may be integrated in the same chip, and the first radio frequency circuit and the second radio frequency circuit may be the same radio frequency circuit, and the radio frequency circuit may include a first interface and a second interface, or the radio frequency circuit may include an interface, where the interface is connected to an input end of the power divider, a first feeder is connected to a first output end of the power divider, and a second feeder is connected to a second input end of the power divider. A power divider (power divider) is a device that divides one input signal energy into two or more paths to output equal or unequal energy, and may conversely combine multiple paths of signal energy into one path to output, which may also be referred to as a combiner. Certain isolation should be ensured between the output ports of one power divider. The power divider is generally divided into one-by-two (one input and two output), one-by-three (one input and three output) and the like by output.

The first feeder line can transmit or receive electromagnetic waves with the main polarization direction being a first direction through the dielectric rod; the second feeder line may transmit or receive electromagnetic waves having a main polarization direction of the second direction through the dielectric rod. The first direction is orthogonal to the second direction. For example, the first direction may be in a horizontal direction and the second direction may be in a vertical direction; alternatively, the first direction and the second direction may be along plus or minus 45 degree directions, respectively.

According to the dielectric rod antenna, when two electromagnetic waves with the main polarization directions being mutually orthogonal, namely, dual-polarized electromagnetic waves, are fed into the radiation section, the polarization plate reduces electric field coupling between two feed lines, namely, feed ports, and the port isolation of the dual-polarized dielectric rod antenna can be improved. The dielectric rod antenna is suitable for products requiring an external end-fire antenna, such as CPE and AP with external interfaces. I.e. the wireless communication device may be a CPE or a base station such as an AP. An AP may be understood as a base station in a WLAN network.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a dielectric rod antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the dielectric rod antenna includes a dielectric rod 10, a waveguide 20, a first power supply line 30, a second power supply line 40, and a polarization plate 50. The dielectric rod 10 may be made of a dielectric material having a large dielectric constant and a small loss, and may be made of glass, for example. The waveguide 20 is made of a conductive material, for example, a metal material. The dielectric rod 10 includes a first feeding section 101, a second feeding section 102, and a radiating section 103 in this order in the length direction. The first feeding section 101, the second feeding section 102 and the radiating section 103 may be manufactured separately; alternatively, the second feeding section 102 and the radiating section 103 may be integrally formed, and the first feeding section 101 may be separately manufactured.

Wherein the cross-sectional areas of the first and second feed sections 101, 102 may be the same. The waveguide 20 is a conductor housing, and the length of the waveguide 20 may be the same as the sum of the lengths of the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102, and the shape of the waveguide 20 matches the shape of the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102, such that the waveguide 20 is wrapped around the outside of the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102 and contacts the outer peripheral walls of the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102. For example, in fig. 3 and 4, the first feeding section 101 and the second feeding section 102 have a cylindrical structure, and the waveguide 20 has a cylindrical structure. Alternatively, the first and second feeding segments 101 and 102 may be prismatic structures and the waveguide 20 is a prismatic cylinder. Further, in order to prevent leakage of electromagnetic waves from the first feeding section 101, an end of the waveguide 20 located at an end of the first feeding section 101 remote from the radiating section 103 may be closed.

Also, the cross-sectional dimension of the waveguide 20 is related to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating therein; alternatively, the cross-sectional dimensions of the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102 of the dielectric rod 10 may be determined according to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the dielectric rod 10, and thus the cross-sectional dimensions of the waveguide 20 may be determined (because the waveguide 20 is wrapped around the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102 and is in contact with the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102). Taking the first power feeding section 101 and the second power feeding section 102 as cylindrical structures, the radii of the first power feeding section 101 and the second power feeding section 102 may have a value ranging from 0.25 to 0.5 times of the wavelength, for example, the radii of the first power feeding section 101 and the second power feeding section 102 are all 0.29 times of the wavelength.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the cross-section of the radiating section 103 may decrease in a direction away from the second feed section 102. That is, in order to achieve the end radiation of the electromagnetic wave, the radiation section 103 is designed to be a gradual change structure, the phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave increases as the cross-sectional area of the dielectric rod 10 decreases when the electromagnetic wave propagates in the dielectric rod 10, and when reaching the end of the dielectric rod 10, the phase velocity approaches the speed of light, and then the electromagnetic wave can radiate to free space, so that the dielectric rod antenna has good directivity and lower side lobe level. Compared with horn antennas, dielectric rod antennas have smaller volumes and lower manufacturing costs.

The radiation section 103 may be a frustum-shaped structure, and a large end of the frustum-shaped structure is connected to the second feeding section 102. Further, the shape of the large end of the frustum-shaped structure may be the same as the shape of the cross section of the second feed section 102, enabling a mating connection of the frustum-shaped structure with the second feed section 102. For example, in fig. 3 and 4, when the first and second feeding sections 101 and 102 are both cylindrical structures, the cross section of the frustum-shaped structure is also cylindrical. Alternatively, when the first feeding segment 101 and the second feeding segment 102 are both prismatic structures, the cross section of the frustum-shaped structure is also prismatic.

Alternatively, in order to reduce the processing difficulty, in one example, the radiation section 103 may include a plurality of cylindrical sections stacked in the length direction, and the diameters of the plurality of cylindrical sections decrease in a direction away from the second feeding section 102, where the first feeding section 101 and the second feeding section 102 may each have a cylindrical structure, or the first feeding section 101 and the second feeding section 102 may each have a prismatic structure; in another example, the radiation section 103 includes a plurality of prism sections stacked in a length direction, and a cross section of the plurality of prism sections decreases in a direction away from the second feeding section 102, and in this case, the first feeding section 101 and the second feeding section 102 may each be a prismatic structure, or the first feeding section 101 and the second feeding section 102 may each be a cylindrical structure.

When the antenna is in operation, dual polarized electromagnetic waves need to be fed by the first feeder line 30 (i.e., the first port) and the second feeder line 40 (i.e., the second port), respectively, or the dielectric rod antenna is fed by the two ports, i.e., the first feeder line 30 and the second feeder line 40, respectively, to form dual polarized electromagnetic waves. When the first feeder line 30 feeds, a part of electromagnetic waves are blocked by the polaroid 50 and cannot be conducted to the second feeder line 40, and the other part of electromagnetic waves can be conducted to the second feeder section 102 through the polaroid 50 and then to the radiation section 103, so that an end-emission directional beam is formed along with the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the radiation section 103 in the transmission process; when the second feeder 40 is fed, a portion of the electromagnetic wave is blocked by the polarization plate 50 from being conducted to the first feeder 30 and can be conducted from the second feeder section 102 to the radiating section 103, and also an end-fire directional beam is formed during transmission as the cross-sectional area of the radiating section 103 decreases, except that the end-fire directional beam is orthogonal to the end-fire directional beam polarization formed when the first feeder 30 is fed.

Fig. 5 is an assembled schematic perspective view of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 3. Specifically, in FIG. 5, perspective is employed at waveguide 20. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first power feeding line 30 passes through the waveguide 20 and protrudes into the first power feeding section 101, and a portion of the first power feeding line 30 protruding into the first power feeding section 101 extends in a first direction, such as a horizontal direction, which is perpendicular to the length direction of the dielectric rod 10. The second feeder line 40 passes through the waveguide 20 and extends into the second feed section 102, and a portion of the second feeder line 40 extending into the second feed section 102 extends in a second direction, such as a vertical direction, which is perpendicular to both the length direction and the first direction of the dielectric rod 10.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 5 in a front view direction. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 5 in a bottom view. As shown in fig. 4 to 7, the polarization plate 50 is a conductor plate, and is located between the first feeding section 101 and the second feeding section 102, and the plane of the polarization plate 50 is perpendicular to the length direction of the dielectric rod 10. The polarization plate 50 includes a coupling window 501, and the coupling window 501 has a larger dimension in a second direction, such as a vertical direction, than in a first direction, such as a horizontal direction, so that the polarization plate 50 can allow electromagnetic waves in the first direction to pass therethrough and can block electromagnetic waves in the second direction from passing therethrough.

The first feeder line 30 may transmit or receive electromagnetic waves having a main polarization direction of a first direction through the first feeding section 101, the polarization plate 50, the second feeding section 102, and the radiating section 103. The first power feeding line 30 emits electromagnetic waves having a main polarization direction of a first direction (including a small amount of electromagnetic waves having a second polarization direction), and the first direction electromagnetic waves are allowed to pass through the polarization plate 50 while blocking the second direction electromagnetic waves from passing therethrough, thereby preventing the second power feeding line 40 from receiving the second direction electromagnetic waves and reducing the formation of electric field coupling at the second power feeding line 40.

The second power feeding line 40 can emit or receive electromagnetic waves having a main polarization direction of a second direction through the second power feeding section 102 and the radiation section 103. The second power feeding line 40 emits electromagnetic waves having the main polarization direction of the second direction (including a small amount of electromagnetic waves having the first polarization direction), and can block the electromagnetic waves of the second direction from passing through the polarization plate 50, thereby preventing the first power feeding line 30 from receiving the electromagnetic waves of the second direction and reducing the formation of electric field coupling at the first power feeding line 30.

According to the scheme of the embodiment of the application, the two electromagnetic waves with the main polarization directions orthogonal to each other are fed into the radiation section through the two feeder lines, namely the feeder ports, respectively, and the polarization plate 50 can reduce electric field coupling between the two feeder ports, so that the port isolation is improved.

With continued reference to fig. 4-7, the side of the polarization plate 50 facing the first power feeding section 101 may be in contact with the first power feeding section 101, and the side of the polarization plate 50 facing the second power feeding section 102 may be in contact with the second power feeding section 102, which helps to smoothly and stably propagate electromagnetic waves from the first power feeding section 101 to the second power feeding section 102 through the polarization plate 50 or from the second power feeding section 102 to the first power feeding section 101 through the polarization plate 50.

Wherein the first power feed line 30 may include a first conductor 301, a second conductor 302, and a first insulating layer 303. The first conductor 301 is connected to the waveguide 20. The second conductor 302 passes through the waveguide 20 and extends into the first feed section 101. A first insulating layer 303 is located between the first conductor 301 and the second conductor 302. The first insulating layer 303 may be a dielectric material or air. In one example, the length of the portion of the first feeder line 30 that extends into the first feeder section 101 is 0.2-0.6 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted or received by the first feeder line 30 in the dielectric rod 10 (i.e., the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted or received by the first feeder line 30 through the dielectric rod 10). Also, the "wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the dielectric rod 10" is related to the dielectric material employed by the dielectric rod 10, and the "length of the first power feeding line 30 extending into the first power feeding section 101" may be the length of the second conductor 302 extending into the first power feeding section 101.

For example, the length of the portion of the first feeder line 30, such as the second conductor 302, that extends into the first feeder section 101 is about one-half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted or received by the first feeder line 30 in the dielectric rod 10. It will be appreciated that the length of the portion of the second conductor 302 that extends into the first feed section 101 may be longer or shorter, if desired, for example, the length of the portion of the second conductor 302 that extends into the first feed section 101 is 0.1-1 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the dielectric rod 10 that is transmitted or received by the first feed line 30.

Also, the first feeder line 30 may be a coaxial line, the first conductor 301 being an outer conductor, the second conductor 302 being an inner conductor, the first conductor 301 being disposed around the second conductor 302. At this time, the first insulating layer 303 may be a dielectric material. Alternatively, the first feeder line 30 may be a microstrip line, and the first conductor 301 and the second conductor 302 may be stacked, and in this case, the first conductor 301 and the second conductor 302 may be spaced apart, and the first conductor 301 and the second conductor 302 are insulated by air, that is, the first insulating layer 303 is air; alternatively, a dielectric material may be disposed between the first conductor 301 and the second conductor 302 for insulation, i.e., the first insulating layer 303 is a dielectric material.

In addition, the second power feeding line 40 may include a third conductor 401, a fourth conductor 402, and a second insulating layer 403. The third conductor 401 is connected to the waveguide 20; a fourth conductor 402 passes through the waveguide 20 and extends into the second feed section 102; a second insulating layer 403 is located between the third conductor 401 and the fourth conductor 402. Wherein the second insulating layer 403 may be a dielectric material or air. In one example, the length of the portion of the second feeder line 40 that extends into the second feeder section 102 is 0.2-0.6 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves transmitted or received by the second feeder line 40 in the dielectric rod 10 (i.e., the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves transmitted or received by the second feeder line 40 through the dielectric rod 10). Also, the "wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the dielectric rod 10" is related to the dielectric material employed by the dielectric rod 10, and the "length of the second feed line 40 extending into the second feed 102 section" may be the length of the fourth conductor 402 extending into the second feed 102 section.

For example, the length of the portion of the second feed line 40, such as the fourth conductor 402, that extends into the second feed section 102 is about one-half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted or received by the second feed line 40 in the dielectric rod 10. It will be appreciated that the length of the portion of the fourth conductor 402 that extends into the second feed section 102 may be longer or shorter, if desired, for example, the length of the portion of the fourth conductor 402 that extends into the second feed section 102 is 0.1-1 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the dielectric rod 10 that is transmitted or received by the second feed line 40.

Also, the second feeder 40 may be a coaxial line, the third conductor 401 being an outer conductor, the fourth conductor 402 being an inner conductor, the third conductor 401 being disposed around the fourth conductor 402. At this time, the second insulating layer 403 may be a dielectric material. Alternatively, the second feeder 40 may be a microstrip line, and the third conductor 401 and the fourth conductor 402 may be stacked, and in this case, the third conductor 401 and the fourth conductor 402 may be disposed at intervals, and the third conductor 401 and the fourth conductor 402 are insulated from each other by air, that is, the second insulating layer 403 is air; alternatively, a dielectric material may be disposed between the third conductor 401 and the fourth conductor 402 for insulation, i.e., the second insulating layer 403 is a dielectric material.

Further, in order to make the polarizer 50 better able to block the electromagnetic wave in the second direction from passing through, in fig. 3-7, the size of the coupling window 501 along the first direction may be L1, and the size of the coupling window 501 along the second direction may be L2, so as to satisfy: l2=m·l1, and m has a value ranging from 2 to 20. Also, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the coupling window 501 may be rectangular. Alternatively, the coupling window 501 may have other shapes, such as a parallelogram, an ellipse, etc.

Fig. 8A is a schematic structural diagram of another polarizer of the dielectric rod antenna according to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8A, the coupling window 501 includes first and second sides disposed opposite to each other at a distance, and third and fourth sides disposed opposite to each other at a distance, the first and second sides extending in a second direction, such as a vertical direction. The third and fourth sides are straight lines and extend in a direction that is angled from a first direction, such as a horizontal direction, where the coupling window 501 is parallelogram-shaped.

Fig. 8B is a schematic structural diagram of another polarizer of the dielectric rod antenna according to the embodiment of the present application. The difference from the polarizing plate shown in fig. 8A is that in fig. 8B, both the third side and the fourth side are curved lines, and both the third side and the fourth side are curved in a direction away from the inside of the coupling window 501. Alternatively, the third side and the fourth side may each also be curved in a direction toward the inside of the coupling window 501.

Fig. 8C is a schematic structural diagram of another polarizer of the dielectric rod antenna according to the embodiment of the present application. Unlike the polarizer shown in fig. 8A, in fig. 8C, the third side includes two straight sections and a U-shaped section located between the two straight sections, and the opening of the U-shaped section may be directed toward the inside of the coupling window 501, alternatively, the opening of the U-shaped section may be directed toward the outside of the coupling window 501. The structure of the fourth side may be symmetrical or identical to the structure of the third side.

Fig. 9 is a graph of S-parameters of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 3. In fig. 9, only the graph of the port reflection coefficient S22 and the port isolation S12 in the S parameter is taken as an example. The S parameter is a network parameter based on the incident wave, reflected wave relationship, suitable for microwave circuit analysis, describing the circuit network in terms of the reflected signal at the device port and the signal passing from that port to the other port. For four S parameters of a two-port network, sij represents the injection of energy from port j, and the energy measured at port i, as defined by S11 as the square root of the ratio of the energy reflected from port 1 to the input energy, is also often reduced to the ratio of the equivalent reflected voltage to the equivalent incident voltage, the physical meaning of the parameters and the characteristics of the particular network are as follows: s11, when the ports 2 are matched, the reflection coefficient (input return loss) of the port 1; s22, when the ports 1 are matched, the reflection coefficient (output return loss) of the port 2; s12, when the ports 1 are matched, the reverse transmission coefficients from the ports 2 to the ports 1 are obtained; s21—when port 2 matches, the forward transmission coefficients of port 1 to port 2. S11 and S22 are port reflection coefficients; s12 and S21 are port isolation, and port matching means that the port is not reflective.

As shown in fig. 9, the first feeder line 30, namely the port 1, is fed through the polarization plate 50, the second feeder line 40, namely the port 2, is fed directly, and the two modes of feeding through the polarization plate 50 and direct feeding are combined, so that the port reflection coefficient S22 is lower than-10 dB, the system requirement is met, the port isolation S12 is more than 50dB, and the system requirement is higher than the minimum 20dB.

Fig. 10 is an antenna pattern of the dielectric rod antenna shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 10, when the first feeder line 30 is the port 1 and the second feeder line 40 is the port 2, and both the two feeder ports feed, the antenna patterns of the port 1 and the port 2 are well matched, and both the good directivity and the low side lobe effect are exhibited.

The last explanation is: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, but are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. A dielectric rod antenna, comprising:

the dielectric rod (10) sequentially comprises a first feeding section (101), a second feeding section (102) and a radiation section (103) along the length direction;

a waveguide (20) wrapped outside the first feeding section (101) and the second feeding section (102);

a first feeder line (30) passing through the waveguide (20) and extending into the first feeder section (101), and a portion of the first feeder line (30) extending into the first feeder section (101) extends in a first direction perpendicular to a length direction of the dielectric rod (10);

a second feeder line (40) passing through the waveguide (20) and extending into the second feeder section (102), and a portion of the second feeder line (40) extending into the second feeder section (102) extends in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to both the length direction of the dielectric rod (10) and the first direction;

the polarizing plate (50) is positioned between the first power feeding section (101) and the second power feeding section (102), and the plane of the polarizing plate (50) is perpendicular to the length direction of the dielectric rod (10); the polarization plate (50) comprises a coupling window (501), the coupling window (501) having a larger dimension in the second direction than in the first direction.

2. The dielectric rod antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimension of the coupling window (501) in the first direction is L1, the dimension of the coupling window (501) in the second direction is L2, satisfying: l2=m "L1, and m has a value ranging from 2 to 20.

3. The dielectric rod antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first feed line (30) comprises:

a first conductor (301) connected to the waveguide (20);

-a second conductor (302) passing through the waveguide (20) and extending into the first feed section (101);

-a first insulating layer (303) located between said first conductor (301) and said second conductor (302).

4. A dielectric rod antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the first feed line (30) is a coaxial line, the first conductor (301) is an outer conductor, the second conductor (302) is an inner conductor, and the first conductor (301) is arranged around the second conductor (302).

5. The dielectric rod antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the second feed line (40) comprises:

a third conductor (401) connected to the waveguide (20);

-a fourth conductor (402) passing through the waveguide (20) and extending into the second feed section (102);

-a second insulating layer (403) between the third conductor (401) and the fourth conductor (402).

6. The dielectric rod antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that the second feeder (40) is a coaxial line, the third conductor (401) is an outer conductor, the fourth conductor (402) is an inner conductor, and the third conductor (401) is arranged around the fourth conductor (402).

7. The dielectric rod antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the length of the portion of the first feeder line (30) protruding into the first feeder section (101) is 0.2-0.6 times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted or received by the first feeder line (30) in the dielectric rod (10).

8. The dielectric rod antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a length of a portion of the second feeder line (40) protruding into the second feeder section (102) is 0.2 to 0.6 times a wavelength of electromagnetic waves emitted or received by the second feeder line (40) in the dielectric rod (10).

9. The dielectric rod antenna according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the end of the waveguide (20) remote from the radiating section (103) is closed.

10. The dielectric rod antenna according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that the cross-sectional areas of the first feed section (101) and the second feed section (102) are the same, the cross-section of the radiating section (103) decreasing in a direction away from the second feed section (102).

11. The dielectric rod antenna according to any of the claims 1-10, characterized in that the first feeding section (101) and the second feeding section (102) are both of a cylindrical or prismatic structure, the radiating section (103) is of a frustoconical structure, the large end of which is connected to the second feeding section (102).

12. The dielectric rod antenna according to any of claims 1-10, characterized in that the first feed section (101) and the second feed section (102) are each of a cylindrical or prismatic structure, the radiating section (103) comprising a plurality of cylindrical or prismatic sections stacked in the length direction, the cross section of the plurality of cylindrical or prismatic sections decreasing in a direction away from the second feed section (102).

13. A wireless communication device, comprising:

at least one dielectric rod antenna according to any one of claims 1-12;

a first radio frequency circuit comprising a first interface, the first feeder (30) being connected to the first interface;

and the second radio frequency circuit comprises a second interface, and the second feeder (40) is connected with the second interface.