CN117374330A - Fuel cell stack state identification method and device, medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack state identification method and device, medium and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell stack state identification method, a device, a medium and electronic equipment. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the standard deviation of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack; judging whether to enter a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation; if the fault diagnosis mode is entered, alternating current with preset frequency is superposed on the fuel cell stack; acquiring an alternating current parameter, an alternating voltage parameter and an air path pressure loss parameter of a fuel cell stack; determining an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter; and identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part, the air path pressure loss parameter and the preset impedance calibration imaginary part. The method provided by the application can improve the accuracy of fault state identification of the fuel cell stack and the efficiency of fault state identification.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a medium, and an electronic device for identifying a fuel cell stack state.
Background
The dry and wet state inside the fuel cell stack is difficult to describe by the operating conditions of flow, pressure, humidity, temperature and the like, and when the stack operates in a dynamic working condition for a long time, problems such as film drying or flooding can occur inside the stack, and the problems can cause the degradation acceleration of the stack and even the shortening of the service life. The traditional electric pile state identification realizes the on-line detection of the internal state of the electric pile through the phase angle detection of the intermediate frequency point, however, the phase angle detection firstly needs to measure and calculate the phase of alternating current and response voltage of the electric pile respectively, the phase deviation is caused by the signal interference of the power utilization end easily during the measurement, the phase angle is calculated through two phases, and the phase angle test result is inaccurate due to the error of overlapping the two phases. Meanwhile, the phase angle is obtained through calculation of a real part and an imaginary part, is greatly influenced by fluctuation of the real part and the imaginary part, and is difficult to judge in a critical state. Therefore, the conventional method for identifying the state of the galvanic pile has the problems of inaccurate identification and slower identification.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a fuel cell stack state identification method, a device, a medium and electronic equipment, which can identify the fault state of a fuel cell stack through impedance imaginary parts and air path pressure loss parameters of the fuel cell stack, so as to improve the accuracy of identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack and the efficiency of identifying the fault state.
Other features and advantages of the present application will be apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by the practice of the application.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell stack state identification method, the method including:
acquiring voltage standard deviations of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack;
judging whether to enter a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation;
if the fault diagnosis mode is entered, alternating current with preset frequency is superposed on the fuel cell stack;
acquiring an alternating current parameter and an alternating voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack;
determining an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter;
and identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part.
In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing aspect, the determining whether to enter a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation includes:
if the voltage standard deviation is lower than a preset standard deviation threshold value, not entering a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack;
And if the voltage standard deviation is higher than the standard deviation threshold, entering a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack.
In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing aspect, the determining the impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the ac current parameter and the ac voltage parameter includes:
acquiring a current imaginary value of alternating current corresponding to the alternating current parameter based on the alternating current parameter and the preset frequency;
acquiring a voltage imaginary value of alternating voltage corresponding to the alternating voltage parameter based on the alternating voltage parameter and the preset frequency;
the impedance imaginary part is determined based on the current imaginary value and the voltage imaginary value.
In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the ac current parameter includes a current number of the ac current, a sampling rate of the ac current, and a sampling current amplitude of the ac current; the obtaining the current imaginary value of the alternating current corresponding to the alternating current parameter based on the alternating current parameter and the preset frequency includes:
the current imaginary value ImI [ k ] of the alternating current is obtained by the following formula:
Wherein f s For the sampling rate, I [ I ]]And for the sampling current amplitude, N is the current number, and f is the preset frequency.
In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the ac voltage parameter includes a voltage number of ac voltages, a sampling rate of the ac voltages, and a sampling voltage amplitude of the ac voltages; the obtaining the voltage imaginary part value of the ac voltage corresponding to the ac voltage parameter based on the ac voltage parameter and the preset frequency includes:
the voltage imaginary value ImV [ k ] of the alternating voltage is obtained by the following formula:
wherein f s For the sampling rate, V [ i ]]And for the sampling voltage amplitude, N is the number of the voltages, and f is the preset frequency.
In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the impedance nominal imaginary part includes a first nominal imaginary value and a second nominal imaginary value; the identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part comprises the following steps:
acquiring air path pressure loss parameters of the fuel cell stack;
if the impedance imaginary part is lower than the first calibration imaginary part value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is a dry fault;
If the impedance imaginary part is higher than the first calibration imaginary part value and lower than the second calibration imaginary part value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is an unknown fault;
if the impedance imaginary part is higher than the second calibration imaginary part value and the air path pressure loss parameter is higher than a preset pressure loss threshold value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is a flooding fault;
and if the impedance imaginary part is higher than the second calibration imaginary part value and the air path pressure loss parameter is lower than the pressure loss threshold value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is an underair fault.
In one embodiment of the present application, after the identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the imaginary impedance and the preset imaginary impedance calibration, the method further includes:
if the fault state is the membrane dry fault, reducing the temperature and air flow of the fuel cell stack;
if the fault state is the unknown fault, sending alarm information corresponding to the unknown fault to a terminal;
if the fault state is the flooding fault, the air flow and the temperature of the fuel cell stack are improved;
and if the fault state is the underair fault, improving the air flow of the fuel cell stack.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell stack state identifying apparatus, the apparatus including: a first acquisition unit configured to acquire a voltage standard deviation of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack; a judging unit configured to judge whether to enter a failure diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation; an alternating current unit for superposing alternating current of a preset frequency to the fuel cell stack if the fault diagnosis mode is entered; a second acquisition unit configured to acquire an alternating current parameter and an alternating voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack; a determining unit for determining an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter; and the fault identification unit is used for identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program comprising executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the fuel cell stack state identification method as described in the above embodiments.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an electronic device including: one or more processors; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the fuel cell stack state identification method as described in the above embodiments.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, whether the fault diagnosis mode of the fuel cell stack needs to be entered is judged by acquiring the voltage standard deviation of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack. When a fault diagnosis mode of the fuel cell stack needs to be entered, alternating current with preset frequency is superimposed on the fuel cell stack, and then alternating current parameters, alternating voltage parameters and air path pressure loss parameters of the fuel cell stack are obtained. The impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell pile is obtained through the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter, compared with the prior art, the on-line detection of the internal state of the pile is realized through the phase angle detection of the frequency point, the impedance imaginary part fluctuation in the application is smaller than the fluctuation of the phase angle, the method is more suitable for judging the critical value, and the fault state of the fuel cell pile is obtained more easily and accurately.
Furthermore, the phase angle detection firstly needs to measure and calculate the phase of the alternating current and the response voltage of the electric pile respectively, the phase deviation is caused by the signal interference of the power utilization end during the measurement period, the phase angle is calculated through two phases, and the phase angle test result is inaccurate due to the error of overlapping the two phases. The impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack can be determined only through the alternating current parameter and the alternating current voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack, so that the state identification speed is improved, and compared with the existing phase angle detection, the method provided by the application is faster. Therefore, the fuel cell stack state identification method provided by the application can rapidly and accurately obtain the fault state of the fuel cell stack, and solves the problems of inaccurate identification and slower identification existing in the prior art.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a fuel cell stack state identification method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the determination of the imaginary impedance of the fuel cell stack based on the AC current parameter and the AC voltage parameter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a fuel cell stack state recognition device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a specific logic flow diagram of a stack state fault identification scheme shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram illustrating real, imaginary and phase angles of impedance measured during steady state operation of a stack according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the impedance imaginary part Bode versus frequency at different current points according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an impedance imaginary part Bode under different fault conditions according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present application. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the aspects of the application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the application.
The block diagrams depicted in the figures are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. That is, these functional entities may be implemented in software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor means and/or micro-control node means.
The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are exemplary only, and do not necessarily include all of the elements and operations/steps, nor must they be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be decomposed, and some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.
It should be noted that: references herein to "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes an association relationship of an association object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.
The implementation details of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below:
first, it should be noted that the fuel cell stack state recognition scheme proposed in the present application may be applied to the related technical field of fuel cells. And judging whether a fault diagnosis mode of the fuel cell stack needs to be entered or not by acquiring the voltage standard deviation of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack. When a fault diagnosis mode of the fuel cell stack needs to be entered, alternating current with preset frequency is superimposed on the fuel cell stack, and then alternating current parameters, alternating voltage parameters and air path pressure loss parameters of the fuel cell stack are obtained. The impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell pile is obtained through the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter, compared with the prior art, the on-line detection of the internal state of the pile is realized through the phase angle detection of the frequency point, the impedance imaginary part fluctuation in the application is smaller than the fluctuation of the phase angle, the method is more suitable for judging the critical value, and the fault state of the fuel cell pile is obtained more easily and accurately.
Furthermore, the phase angle detection firstly needs to measure and calculate the phases of the alternating current and the response voltage of the electric pile respectively, the phase deviation is caused by the signal interference of the power utilization end during the measurement period, the phase angle is calculated through two phases, and the phase angle test result is inaccurate due to the error of overlapping the two phases. The impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack can be determined only through the alternating current parameter and the alternating current voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack, so that the state identification speed is improved, and compared with the existing phase angle detection, the method provided by the application is faster. Therefore, the fuel cell stack state identification method provided by the application can rapidly and accurately obtain the fault state of the fuel cell stack, and solves the problems of inaccurate identification and slower identification existing in the prior art.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell stack state identifying method, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fuel cell stack state identifying method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the fuel cell stack state identifying method at least includes steps 110 to 160, and is described in detail as follows:
In step 110, the voltage standard deviation of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack is obtained.
Specifically, for evaluating the internal real state of the pile, the existing technical scheme uses phase angle detection of single-frequency point alternating current impedance, but the phase angle of the alternating current impedance depends on phase measurement and calculation of alternating current and alternating voltage, but the phase measurement is easily interfered by capacitive reactance electric elements in a conditioning circuit or a DCDC (direct current-direct current converter), so that the measured phase distortion of the alternating current or the alternating voltage is caused, the phase measurement precision of the impedance is difficult to ensure, the phase angle detection precision is influenced, and the pile state judgment accuracy is reduced. Therefore, the method for judging whether the fault diagnosis mode needs to be entered or not is more accurate and easier and faster to obtain by acquiring all channel voltages output by the fuel cell stack CVM in real time and then calculating the voltage standard deviation according to all the output channel voltages.
In step 120, it is determined whether to enter a failure diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation.
In one embodiment of the present application, the determining whether to enter a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation includes:
If the voltage standard deviation is lower than a preset standard deviation threshold value, not entering a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack;
and if the voltage standard deviation is higher than the standard deviation threshold, entering a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack.
Specifically, the preset standard deviation threshold may be specifically 8mV (millivolts), and if the standard deviation of the voltages of all channels output by the fuel cell stack in real time is higher than 8mV (millivolts), it indicates that the current fuel cell stack has a fault, and a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack needs to be entered. If the standard deviation of the voltages of all channels output by the fuel cell stack in real time is lower than 8mV (millivolts), the current fuel cell stack is not failed, and the fault diagnosis mode of the fuel cell stack is not required to be entered, so that the normal operation of the fuel cell stack is maintained.
In step 130, if the fault diagnosis mode is entered, an alternating current of a preset frequency is superimposed on the fuel cell stack.
Specifically, in the fault diagnosis mode, the stack stably operates under a current condition with a certain value, and the FCCU (fuel cell control unit) issues an instruction to control DCDC (direct current-direct current converter) to superimpose a small-amplitude alternating current with a frequency f on the stack, where f is the preset frequency. The direct current is filtered through a conditioning circuit, the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter of the galvanic pile are collected, and data point collection is carried out through an ADC (analog-digital converter).
In step 140, an ac current parameter and an ac voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack are obtained.
Specifically, the direct current signal is filtered in the circuit, so that the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter of the electric pile and the air path pressure loss parameter are collected, and data point collection is carried out through an ADC (analog to digital converter), wherein the air path pressure loss parameter refers to air pressure drop.
In step 150, an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack is determined based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter.
In one embodiment of the present application, step 150 may be performed according to steps S1-S3:
step S1: and acquiring the current imaginary value of the alternating current corresponding to the alternating current parameter based on the alternating current parameter and the preset frequency.
Step S2: and acquiring a voltage imaginary value of alternating voltage corresponding to the alternating voltage parameter based on the alternating voltage parameter and the preset frequency.
Step S3: the impedance imaginary part is determined based on the current imaginary value and the voltage imaginary value.
In one embodiment of the present application, the ac current parameter includes the current number of the ac current, the sampling rate of the ac current, and the sampling current amplitude of the ac current; the obtaining the current imaginary value of the alternating current corresponding to the alternating current parameter based on the alternating current parameter and the preset frequency includes:
The current imaginary value ImI [ k ] of the alternating current is obtained by the following formula:
wherein f s For the sampling rate, I [ I ]]And for the sampling current amplitude, N is the current number, and f is the preset frequency.
In one embodiment of the present application, the ac voltage parameter includes the number of voltages of the ac voltage, the sampling rate of the ac voltage, and the sampling voltage amplitude of the ac voltage; the obtaining the voltage imaginary part value of the ac voltage corresponding to the ac voltage parameter based on the ac voltage parameter and the preset frequency includes:
the voltage imaginary value ImV [ k ] of the alternating voltage is obtained by the following formula:
wherein f s For the sampling rate, V [ i ]]And for the sampling voltage amplitude, N is the number of the voltages, and f is the preset frequency.
Further, the imaginary impedance ImR [ k ] of the fuel cell stack can be calculated by the following formula:
ImR[k]＝ImV[k]-ImI[k]
specifically, the imaginary impedance ImR [ k ] of the fuel cell stack is the difference of the voltage imaginary value ImV [ k ] of the alternating voltage minus the current imaginary value ImI [ k ] of the alternating current.
Specifically, the imaginary parts of the acquired N discrete alternating voltages and alternating currents are calculated through a fast Fourier transform algorithm, so that the imaginary part value of the impedance under f frequency is obtained, namely the imaginary part of the impedance of the fuel cell stack, and the imaginary part of the impedance obtained through the fast calculation can be compared with the calibrated imaginary part value of the impedance to judge, so that the fault state of the fuel cell stack can be rapidly identified.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of the real part, the imaginary part, and the phase angle of impedance measured under the steady-state operation of the electric pile. The real part, the imaginary part and the phase angle of the impedance, which are measured and calculated under the steady-state working condition of the electric pile, are greatly influenced by the fluctuation of the real part and the imaginary part because the phase angle is calculated through the real part and the imaginary part, and are difficult to be used for evaluating the critical state. The imaginary part of the impedance has smaller fluctuation, and is more suitable for judging the critical value, so that the fault state of the electric pile can be accurately identified and judged by the method provided by the application.
The selection of a proper frequency f to detect the imaginary part of the impedance is the most critical step, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a graph of the relationship between the imaginary part Bode of the impedance and the frequency at different current points; at most current points, the impedance imaginary peak is around 4Hz and 40Hz, respectively. Because the distinction degree of the impedance imaginary part is more obvious near the peak value, the frequency between 30 and 50Hz is preferentially selected as the detection frequency in consideration of the overall trend of the change of the imaginary part corresponding to the low current and the adoption of larger characteristic frequency as far as possible.
In the related art, the online detection of the internal state of the electric pile is realized through the phase angle detection of the intermediate frequency point, however, the phase angle detection firstly needs to measure and calculate the phase of alternating current and response voltage of the electric pile respectively, the phase deviation is easily caused by the signal interference of the power utilization end during the measurement, the phase angle is calculated through two phases, the phase angle test result is unstable due to the error of overlapping the two phases, and the accuracy of the test result is lower;
In the related art, electrochemical impedance spectrum information of the pile is acquired through multi-frequency signal injection, and quantitative information of pile states (ohmic loss, activation loss and mass transfer loss) is obtained through equivalent circuit model fitting, so that judgment is performed. The equivalent circuit model fitting depends on commercial software, and the data must be full spectrum, which results in long diagnosis period, difficult on-line diagnosis on a galvanic pile and low test efficiency.
In the existing scheme, the full spectrum signal acquisition and processing or the phase angle of the intermediate frequency in the acquisition cannot be used for effectively, quickly and accurately identifying the state of the fuel cell stack. Therefore, the invention provides a fuel cell stack fault state identification method which can estimate the internal state of the stack on line, conveniently and accurately, does not need to add an additional sensor or complex test equipment, and reduces the difficulty of stack fault diagnosis.
In step 160, the fault state of the fuel cell stack is identified based on the imaginary impedance component and a preset imaginary impedance calibration component.
In one embodiment of the present application, the impedance nominal imaginary part includes a first nominal imaginary value and a second nominal imaginary value; the identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part comprises the following steps:
Acquiring air path pressure loss parameters of the fuel cell stack;
if the impedance imaginary part is lower than the first calibration imaginary part value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is a dry fault;
if the impedance imaginary part is higher than the first calibration imaginary part value and lower than the second calibration imaginary part value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is an unknown fault;
if the impedance imaginary part is higher than the second calibration imaginary part value and the air path pressure loss parameter is higher than a preset pressure loss threshold value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is a flooding fault;
and if the impedance imaginary part is higher than the second calibration imaginary part value and the air path pressure loss parameter is lower than the pressure loss threshold value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is an underair fault.
Specifically, the preset first calibration imaginary value may be specifically an imaginary measurement value corresponding to a membrane dry of the fuel cell stack, and the preset second calibration imaginary value may be specifically an imaginary measurement value corresponding to a water flooded of the fuel cell stack. The air path pressure loss parameter may be specifically an air pressure drop inside the fuel cell stack during operation; the preset pressure loss threshold value may be specifically an air pressure drop corresponding to when flooding occurs in the fuel cell stack. The first nominal imaginary value may be ImR Film dryer The second nominal imaginary value may be represented by an ImR Flooding with water And (3) representing.
Further, when the imaginary part ImR of the impedance of the fuel cell stack is smaller than ImR Film dryer At the moment, judging that the current fuel cell stack has a membrane dry fault; when the impedance imaginary part ImR of the fuel cell stack Film dryer ≤ImR≤ImR Flooding with water And when the impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack is in a normal section, namely the unknown fault occurs, the alarm information of the unknown fault needs to be sent to the terminal to prompt a worker to further detect and repair. When the impedance imaginary part ImR of the fuel cell stack is larger than ImR Flooding with water At this time and the air pressure loss parameter P of the fuel cell stack Air pressure drop > preset pressure loss threshold P Flooding with water When the fuel cell stack is in a flooding fault state, judging that the fuel cell stack is in a flooding fault state at the moment; when the impedance imaginary part ImR of the fuel cell stack is larger than ImR Flooding with water At this time and the fuel cell is poweredStack air pressure loss parameter P Air pressure drop A preset pressure loss threshold value P is less than or equal to Flooding with water At this time, it is determined that the fuel cell stack is in an undergas fault state.
The selection of the appropriate frequency f to detect the imaginary part of the impedance is the most critical link. At most current points, the impedance imaginary peak is around 4Hz and 40Hz, respectively. Because the distinction degree of the impedance imaginary part is more obvious near the peak value, the frequency between 30 and 50Hz is preferentially selected as the detection frequency in consideration of the overall trend of the change of the imaginary part corresponding to the low current and the adoption of larger characteristic frequency as far as possible.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an impedance imaginary part Bode under different fault conditions; the impedance imaginary part has obvious distinguishing effect on the state of the electric pile, and for the electric pile, especially in the range of 20-60 Hz, the current state of the electric pile can be distinguished as whether the film is dry, normal or flooded. Through a large number of fault embedding tests, the characteristic boundaries of the pile faults under different working conditions can be obtained, and the calibration of the critical value of the impedance imaginary part for representing the film dryness and flooding can be completed based on the data.
In one embodiment of the present application, after the identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the imaginary impedance and the preset imaginary impedance calibration, the method further includes:
if the fault state is the membrane dry fault, reducing the temperature and air flow of the fuel cell stack;
if the fault state is the unknown fault, sending alarm information corresponding to the unknown fault to a terminal;
if the fault state is the flooding fault, the air flow and the temperature of the fuel cell stack are improved;
and if the fault state is the underair fault, improving the air flow of the fuel cell stack.
Specifically, after the current state of the electric pile is identified, the operation working condition is adjusted in a targeted mode. If the electric pile state is in a membrane dry fault, the temperature and air flow of the cooling liquid entering the pile can be properly reduced, and the flow of anode hydrogen circulation is improved; if the pile state is in a water flooding fault, the pile entering temperature and air flow of the cooling liquid need to be increased; if the state of the pile is in the normal interval, a problem alarm of unknown faults needs to be sent out to remind that the unknown faults occur.
FIG. 5 shows an overall logic flow diagram of an on-line diagnosis scheme for the state of a pile, which can rapidly screen the state of the pile based on specific frequency imaginary part measurement, and can realize the judgment of faults such as dry film, flooding, underinflation and the like in combination with air path pressure loss. Corresponding operation programs are designed for different fault categories respectively, so that quick fault recovery can be realized.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, whether the fault diagnosis mode of the fuel cell stack needs to be entered is judged by acquiring the voltage standard deviation of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack. When a fault diagnosis mode of the fuel cell stack needs to be entered, alternating current with preset frequency is superimposed on the fuel cell stack, and then alternating current parameters, alternating voltage parameters and air path pressure loss parameters of the fuel cell stack are obtained. The impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell pile is obtained through the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter, compared with the prior art, the on-line detection of the internal state of the pile is realized through the phase angle detection of the frequency point, the impedance imaginary part fluctuation in the application is smaller than the fluctuation of the phase angle, the method is more suitable for judging the critical value, and the fault state of the fuel cell pile is obtained more easily and accurately.
Furthermore, the phase angle detection firstly needs to measure and calculate the phases of the alternating current and the response voltage of the electric pile respectively, the phase deviation is caused by the signal interference of the power utilization end during the measurement period, the phase angle is calculated through two phases, and the phase angle test result is inaccurate due to the error of overlapping the two phases. The impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack can be determined only through the alternating current parameter and the alternating current voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack, so that the state identification speed is improved, and compared with the existing phase angle detection, the method provided by the application is faster. Therefore, the fuel cell stack state identification method provided by the application can rapidly and accurately obtain the fault state of the fuel cell stack, and solves the problems of inaccurate identification and slower identification existing in the prior art.
In summary, the method provided by the application does not need complex full-frequency impedance spectrum data and an equivalent circuit model fitting processing method, and can realize the on-line identification of the internal state of the electric pile only by the detection of the imaginary part of a single frequency point, so that the method has the characteristics of rapidness and accuracy.
According to the scheme, the imaginary part measurement calibration is performed under the fixed frequency point, the phase angle with high measurement accuracy requirement is not required to be detected, the detection difficulty is reduced, and the accuracy of identifying the internal state of the galvanic pile is improved.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a fuel cell stack state recognition device 300 according to an embodiment of the present application, the device 300 according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a first acquisition unit 301, a judgment unit 302, an alternating current unit 303, a second acquisition unit 304, a determination unit 305, and a fault identification unit 306.
The first acquisition unit 301 is used to acquire the voltage standard deviation of all the channel voltages of the fuel cell stack.
A judging unit 302 for judging whether to enter a failure diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation.
And an ac unit 303 configured to superimpose an ac current of a preset frequency on the fuel cell stack when the fault diagnosis mode is entered.
A second acquisition unit 304 is used for acquiring the ac current parameter and the ac voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack.
A determining unit 305 for determining an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter.
And the fault identification unit 306 is used for identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the imaginary part of the impedance and the preset nominal imaginary part of the impedance.
As another aspect, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a program product capable of implementing the method provided in the present specification. In some possible implementations, the various aspects of the present application may also be implemented in the form of a program product comprising program code for causing a terminal device to carry out the steps according to the various exemplary embodiments of the present application as described in the above section of the "example methods" of the present specification, when the program product is run on the terminal device.
A program product for implementing the above method according to an embodiment of the present application may employ a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) and comprise program code and may be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product of the present application is not limited thereto, and in this document, a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
The program product may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The computer readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave with readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium that is not a readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Program code for carrying out operations of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device, partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the case of remote computing devices, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., connected via the Internet using an Internet service provider).
As another aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device capable of implementing the above method.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various aspects of the present application may be implemented as a system, method, or program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present application may be embodied in the following forms, namely: an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining hardware and software aspects may be referred to herein as a "circuit," module "or" system.
An electronic device 400 according to this embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to fig. 4. The electronic device 400 shown in fig. 4 is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device 400 is embodied in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of electronic device 400 may include, but are not limited to: the at least one processing unit 410, the at least one memory unit 420, and a bus 430 connecting the various system components, including the memory unit 420 and the processing unit 410.
Wherein the storage unit stores program code that is executable by the processing unit 410 such that the processing unit 410 performs steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application described in the above-described "example methods" section of the present specification.
The storage unit 420 may include readable media in the form of volatile storage units, such as Random Access Memory (RAM) 421 and/or cache memory 422, and may further include Read Only Memory (ROM) 423.
The storage unit 420 may also include a program/utility 424 having a set (at least one) of program modules 425, such program modules 425 including, but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each or some combination of which may include an implementation of a network environment.
Bus 430 may be a local bus representing one or more of several types of bus structures including a memory unit bus or memory unit control node, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or using any of a variety of bus architectures.
The electronic device 400 may also communicate with one or more external devices 1200 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, bluetooth device, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 400, and/or any device (e.g., router, modem, etc.) that enables the electronic device 400 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may occur through an input/output (I/O) interface 450. Also, electronic device 400 may communicate with one or more networks such as a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the Internet, through network adapter 460. As shown, the network adapter 460 communicates with other modules of the electronic device 400 over the bus 430. It should be appreciated that although not shown, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in connection with electronic device 400, including, but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, data backup storage systems, and the like.
From the above description of embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the example embodiments described herein may be implemented in software, or may be implemented in software in combination with the necessary hardware. Thus, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (may be a CD-ROM, a usb disk, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, including if the instructions are to cause a computing device (may be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods according to the embodiments of the present application.
Furthermore, the above-described figures are only illustrative of the processes involved in the method according to exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to be limiting. It will be readily appreciated that the processes shown in the above figures do not indicate or limit the temporal order of these processes. In addition, it is also readily understood that these processes may be performed synchronously or asynchronously, for example, among a plurality of modules.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise construction set forth above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be effected therein without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell stack state identification method, characterized by comprising:
acquiring voltage standard deviations of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack;
judging whether to enter a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation;
if the fault diagnosis mode is entered, alternating current with preset frequency is superposed on the fuel cell stack;
acquiring an alternating current parameter and an alternating voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack;
determining an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter;
and identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part.
2. The fuel cell stack state identification method according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether to enter a failure diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation includes:
if the voltage standard deviation is lower than a preset standard deviation threshold value, not entering a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack;
and if the voltage standard deviation is higher than the standard deviation threshold, entering a fault diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack.
3. The fuel cell stack state identification method according to claim 2, wherein the determining an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter includes:
acquiring a current imaginary value of alternating current corresponding to the alternating current parameter based on the alternating current parameter and the preset frequency;
acquiring a voltage imaginary value of alternating voltage corresponding to the alternating voltage parameter based on the alternating voltage parameter and the preset frequency;
the impedance imaginary part is determined based on the current imaginary value and the voltage imaginary value.
4. The fuel cell stack state identification method according to claim 3, wherein the alternating current parameter includes a current number of alternating current, a sampling rate of the alternating current, and a sampling current amplitude of the alternating current; the obtaining the current imaginary value of the alternating current corresponding to the alternating current parameter based on the alternating current parameter and the preset frequency includes:
the current imaginary value ImI [ k ] of the alternating current is obtained by the following formula:
wherein f s For the sampling rate, I [ I ]]And for the sampling current amplitude, N is the current number, and f is the preset frequency.
5. The fuel cell stack state identification method according to claim 3, wherein the ac voltage parameter includes a voltage number of ac voltages, a sampling rate of the ac voltages, a sampling voltage amplitude of the ac voltages; the obtaining the voltage imaginary part value of the ac voltage corresponding to the ac voltage parameter based on the ac voltage parameter and the preset frequency includes:
the voltage imaginary value ImV [ k ] of the alternating voltage is obtained by the following formula:
wherein f s For the sampling rate, V [ i ]]And for the sampling voltage amplitude, N is the number of the voltages, and f is the preset frequency.
6. The fuel cell stack state identification method of claim 1, wherein the impedance nominal imaginary values comprise a first nominal imaginary value and a second nominal imaginary value; the identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part comprises the following steps:
acquiring air path pressure loss parameters of the fuel cell stack;
if the impedance imaginary part is lower than the first calibration imaginary part value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is a dry fault;
if the impedance imaginary part is higher than the first calibration imaginary part value and lower than the second calibration imaginary part value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is an unknown fault;
If the impedance imaginary part is higher than the second calibration imaginary part value and the air path pressure loss parameter is higher than a preset pressure loss threshold value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is a flooding fault;
and if the impedance imaginary part is higher than the second calibration imaginary part value and the air path pressure loss parameter is lower than the pressure loss threshold value, judging that the fault state of the fuel cell stack is an underair fault.
7. The fuel cell stack state identification method according to claim 6, wherein after the identification of the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the imaginary part of the impedance and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part, the method further comprises:
if the fault state is the membrane dry fault, reducing the temperature and air flow of the fuel cell stack;
if the fault state is the unknown fault, sending alarm information corresponding to the unknown fault to a terminal;
if the fault state is the flooding fault, the air flow and the temperature of the fuel cell stack are improved;
and if the fault state is the underair fault, improving the air flow of the fuel cell stack.
8. A fuel cell stack state recognition apparatus, characterized by comprising:
A first acquisition unit configured to acquire a voltage standard deviation of all channel voltages of the fuel cell stack;
a judging unit configured to judge whether to enter a failure diagnosis mode for the fuel cell stack based on the voltage standard deviation;
an alternating current unit for superposing alternating current of a preset frequency to the fuel cell stack if the fault diagnosis mode is entered;
a second acquisition unit configured to acquire an alternating current parameter and an alternating voltage parameter of the fuel cell stack;
a determining unit for determining an impedance imaginary part of the fuel cell stack based on the alternating current parameter and the alternating voltage parameter;
and the fault identification unit is used for identifying the fault state of the fuel cell stack based on the impedance imaginary part and a preset impedance calibration imaginary part.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one program code loaded and executed by a processor to implement operations performed by the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising one or more processors and one or more memories, the one or more memories having stored therein at least one piece of program code that is loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the operations performed by the method of any of claims 1-7.
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