CN117371669B - Park comprehensive energy system operation method considering carbon transaction risk cost - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a park comprehensive energy system operation method considering carbon transaction risk cost, which comprises the following steps: establishing a source load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model containing wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load, and further establishing a carbon emission model to determine the carbon emission of the system by combining park characteristics; and (3) taking the risk cost of carbon transaction of the park comprehensive energy system into consideration, establishing a park comprehensive energy system planning operation economy and low-carbon multi-objective optimization model, and adopting a multi-objective bacterial group chemotaxis algorithm to obtain an optimal solution, so as to obtain a park comprehensive energy system low-carbon operation method. According to the invention, the carbon emission of the system is described through the carbon emission model, so that the risk cost between the actual carbon transaction amount and the purchasing carbon emission limit of the system is determined, and the risk cost is introduced into the system operation optimization objective function, thereby effectively reducing the carbon emission of the system and realizing the low-carbon operation of the park comprehensive energy system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive energy system optimization operation, in particular to a park comprehensive energy system operation method considering carbon transaction risk cost.
Background
With the continuous improvement of energy demand and the proposal of a double-carbon target, a park comprehensive energy system which is connected with clean energy and is coupled with various energy sources such as electricity, gas, heat and the like becomes one of effective ways for optimizing an energy consumption structure. The search for a safe, efficient and low-carbon clean operation optimization method suitable for a park comprehensive energy system becomes a current research hotspot.
The research on the low-carbon operation optimization method of the park comprehensive energy system mainly concentrates the aspects of low-carbon technology and carbon transaction mechanism, has certain theoretical and practical values in terms of reducing carbon emission and improving the economy of the system, and still has the problems that the research and discussion can be further carried out: first, there is limited space in the campus integrated energy system to reduce carbon emissions and reduce carbon trade costs by means of low carbon technology or carbon trade mechanisms alone; secondly, the potential of source-charge storage multi-element coordination scheduling in the park comprehensive energy system is not fully explored, and research on realizing low-carbon economy by multi-element coordination of the park comprehensive energy system is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a park comprehensive energy system operation method considering carbon transaction risk cost, which is characterized in that a carbon emission model of a system is built according to a source charge storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system operation model, further the carbon transaction risk cost is considered, and the risk cost is introduced into a park comprehensive energy system economical and low-carbon multi-objective operation optimization model so as to reduce the carbon emission of the park comprehensive energy system and realize the low-carbon economic operation of the system, so that the problems in the background technology are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a park comprehensive energy system operation method considering carbon transaction risk cost comprises the following steps:
step (A), establishing a source-load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model containing wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load;
step (B), establishing a carbon emission model by combining the characteristics of the park;
step (C), considering the risk cost of carbon transaction of the park comprehensive energy system;
step (D), establishing a multi-objective optimization model of planning operation economy and low carbon of a park comprehensive energy system;
and (E) obtaining an optimal solution by adopting a multi-target bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm to obtain the low-carbon operation method of the park comprehensive energy system.
Further, the source-load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model comprising wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load is as follows:(1) In the formula (1), ->、/>、/>The power of electric, gas and heat loads in the system are respectively; />、/>The comprehensive energy system of the park purchases electricity and gas from the power distribution network; />The power purchasing power of the comprehensive energy system of the trade cooperation park with the park exists;P W 、P PV wind power and photovoltaic grid-connected power are respectively adopted; />、/>、/>、/>The heat conversion coefficients of the CHP equipment, the P2G equipment and the gas boiler are respectively; />、/>、/>The power is the power of the P2G equipment for converting electricity into gas and the power of the CHP equipment for converting electricity into heat and the power of the gas boiler for converting gas into heat; />、/>、/>、/>The charging and discharging power of the storage battery and the charging and discharging power of the air storage tank are respectively; />、/>、/>The electric, gas and thermal power generated by flexible load regulation in the system are respectively +.>。
The carbon emission model is as follows:(2) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (2), ->Is the actual carbon emission;mis an energy source type; />Comprises electricity, gas and heat energy; />Is the firstmEnergy-like carbon emission coefficient; />Is in the systemtTime of day (time)mClass energy consumption.
Further, the risk cost of carbon transaction of the park comprehensive energy system is as follows: dividing the carbon emission of the system into two sections, wherein the first section is a free carbon emission quota and a normal carbon transaction section, and the risk cost is 0; the second interval is a risk carbon transaction interval, in which additional payment of carbon transaction risk cost is requiredC rs ；(3) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (3), ->Is the lowest limit of the risk cost of the carbon transaction to be paid by the system,/->=/>+L，/>Is a free carbon emission quota for the system; />Is the carbon trade price;γis a risk cost increase coefficient, taking 25%;Lis the carbon trade interval length.
Further, the park comprehensive energy system is provided with multiple purposes of planning operation economy and low carbonThe target optimization model is as follows:（4）；/>(5) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formulas (4) to (5),τ 1 、τ 2 the weight coefficients of economy and low carbon property are obtained by adopting a hierarchical analysis method according to the scheduling requirement of the park,τ 1 +τ 2 =1；C buy 、C op 、C fa the method comprises the steps of energy purchase cost, equipment operation maintenance cost and flexible load adjustment compensation; />、/>Is to purchase the first energy networkmPower and unit price of the energy-like source; />、/>Is the electric power and unit price purchased from the business cooperation park service provider existing with the present park;C P2G 、C CHP 、C ES 、C GS 、C GB P2G, CHP, a storage battery, a gas storage tank and the operation and maintenance cost of the gas boiler are respectively; />、/>Is user transfermClass energy power and unit compensation price; />、/>Is user transfermClass energy power and unit compensation price; />、/>Is a variable of 0-1, respectively representing the firstmClass load cut and transition state, 1 indicates cut and transition, 0 indicates no cut and transition; />Is the carbon trade price.
Further, the constraint conditions of the economical efficiency and the low carbon performance objective function of the park comprehensive energy system comprise energy equipment constraint, energy storage equipment constraint, power balance constraint and flexible load constraint.
Further, the energy device constraints are:(6) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (6), ->A variable of 0-1, indicating whether the device is involved in operation;P i is an energy source deviceiIs set to the operating power of (a);P i,min is energy equipmentiMinimum operating power,P i,max Is energy equipmentiMaximum operating power;P W is wind power grid-connected power,P PV The grid-connected power is photovoltaic grid-connected power;P W,max the maximum grid-connected power of the fan,P PV,max The photovoltaic maximum grid-connected power is set;
further, the energy storage device constraints are:（7）；
in the formula (7), the amino acid sequence of the compound,E tES, is thattThe storage power of the storage battery is stored at the moment;E ES,min is the minimum capacity of the storage battery,E ES,max Maximum of the accumulatorCapacity;E tGS, is thattThe gas storage power of the gas storage tank at any moment;E GS,min is the minimum capacity of the air storage tank,E GS,max The maximum capacity of the air storage tank;
further, the power balance constraint is:(8) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (8), the amino acid sequence of the compound,L e for the total power of the user electric load,L p Is the total power of the air load of the user,L h Total power for the user thermal load;
further, the flexible load constraint comprises load-reducible constraint and load-transferable constraint, and the flexible load variation is as follows through flexible adjustment:(9) In the formula (9), the amino acid sequence of the compound,P fa is the amount of flexible load change;dthe state of load transfer is indicated,d=1 indicates that there is a load transfer,d=2 represents a loaded roll-out; />To reduce the electric load; />To reduce the gas load; />、/>Respectively aretThe electric load and the gas load are reduced at the moment; />Is to transfer the electrical load; />Is a transfer gas load; />、/>Respectively aretThe electric and gas load transfer is carried out at the moment;
further, the load reducible constraint is:(10) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (10): />Is thattTime of day usermMaximum load of energy-like sources; />Is thattTime reduction times; />Is thattThe maximum allowable reduction times at the moment;
further, the transferable load constraints are:(11) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (11), ->Is thattTime transfer times; />Is thattThe time is the maximum allowable transfer times.
Further, the step of solving by adopting the multi-target bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
e1, inputting system parameters, a unit and parameters of an energy storage device, and initializing the bacteria position;
step (E2), each bacterium generates a new position through individual bacterial optimizing and bacterial group optimizing, and performs feasibility checking and adjustment, and a boundary absorption processing method is adopted to set a value crossing a feasible region boundary as a boundary value; if the new location is better than the original location, the bacterium selects the new location;
and (E3) repeating the process of searching the optimal target value by the bacteria in the step (E2), and repeating the steps until the initial setting precision requirement is met, so as to obtain an optimal solution meeting the low-carbon operation target of the park comprehensive energy system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the method, a source-charge-storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model comprising wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load is built, and a park carbon emission model is further built, so that the risk cost of park comprehensive energy system carbon transaction is considered, a park comprehensive energy system planning operation economy and low-carbon multi-objective optimization model is built, the carbon emission of the system is reduced, and the low-carbon economic operation of the system is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a model of the operation of the integrated energy system of the campus in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a solution method of the model of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden are within the scope of the invention
Referring to fig. 1-3, the method for operating a park comprehensive energy system considering carbon transaction risk cost according to the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
step (A), establishing a source-load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model containing wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load;
and (B) establishing a carbon emission model by combining the characteristics of the park, and further establishing a carbon emission model by combining the characteristics of the park to determine the carbon emission of the system.
As shown in fig. 1, the operation model of the source-load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system in the embodiment comprises wind power generation equipment (fans), solar power generation equipment (photovoltaics), P2G, CHP, a storage battery, a gas storage tank and a gas boiler; the load includes a conventional electrical load, a flexible electrical load, a gas load, and a thermal load.
The source load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model comprising wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load is as follows:
(1) In the formula (1), ->、、/>The power of electric, gas and heat loads in the system are respectively; />、/>The comprehensive energy system of the park purchases electricity and gas from the power distribution network; />The power purchasing power of the comprehensive energy system of the trade cooperation park with the park exists; />、/>Wind power and photovoltaic grid-connected power are respectively adopted; />、/>、/>、/>The heat conversion coefficients of the CHP equipment, the P2G equipment and the gas boiler are respectively; />、/>、/>The power is the power of the P2G equipment for converting electricity into gas and the power of the CHP equipment for converting electricity into heat and the power of the gas boiler for converting gas into heat; />、/>、/>、/>The charging and discharging power of the storage battery and the charging and discharging power of the air storage tank are respectively; />、/>、/>The electric, gas and thermal power generated by flexible load regulation in the system are respectively +.>。
The carbon emission model is as follows:(2) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (2), ->Is the actual carbon emission;mis an energy source type; />Comprises electricity, gas and heat energy; />Is the firstmEnergy-like carbon emission coefficient; />Is in the systemtTime of day (time)mClass energy consumption.
Step (C), considering the risk cost of carbon transaction of the park comprehensive energy system;
step (D), establishing a multi-objective optimization model of planning operation economy and low carbon of a park comprehensive energy system;
and (E) obtaining an optimal solution by adopting a multi-target bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm to obtain the low-carbon operation method of the park comprehensive energy system.
Multi-objective optimization function setting with economical and low-carbon performance of park comprehensive energy system, comprising purchasing energy costC buy Cost of equipment operation and maintenanceC op Flexible adjustment compensationC fa And carbon trade costsThere is also a need to consider the risk costs of carbon transactions. Specifically, objective functionFThe formula is as follows: /> (5) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formulas (4) to (5),τ 1 、τ 2 the weight coefficients of economy and low carbon are calculated by adopting a hierarchical analysis method according to the park scheduling requirement，/>+/>=1；C buy 、C op 、C fa The method comprises the steps of energy purchase cost, equipment operation maintenance cost and flexible load adjustment compensation; />、/>Is to purchase the first energy networkmPower and unit price of the energy-like source; />、/>Is the electric power and unit price purchased from the business cooperation park service provider existing with the present park;C P2G 、C CHP 、C ES 、C GS 、C GB P2G, CHP, a storage battery, a gas storage tank and the operation and maintenance cost of the gas boiler are respectively; />、/>Is the user cut-downmClass energy power and unit compensation price; />、/>Is user transfermClass energy power and unit compensation price;、/>is a variable of 0-1, respectively representing the firstmClass load cut and transition state, 1 indicates cut and transition, 0 indicates no cut and transition; />Is the carbon trade price.
The risk cost of carbon transaction of the park comprehensive energy system is as follows:
dividing the carbon emission of the system into two sections, wherein the first section is a free carbon emission quota and a normal carbon transaction section, and the risk cost is 0; the second interval is a risk carbon transaction interval, in which additional payment of carbon transaction risk cost is requiredC rs ，(3) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (3), ->Is the lowest limit of the risk cost of the carbon transaction to be paid by the system,/->=/>+/>，/>Is a free carbon emission quota for the system; />Is the carbon trade price;γis a risk cost increase coefficient, taking 25%;Lis the carbon trade interval length.
Constraints on the overall energy system economy and low carbon objective function of the campus include energy device constraints, energy storage device constraints, power balance constraints, and flexible load constraints.(6) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (6), ->A variable of 0-1, indicating whether the device is involved in operation;P i is an energy source deviceiIs set to the operating power of (a); />Is energy equipmentiMinimum operating power, ">Is energy equipmentiMaximum operating power;P W is wind power grid-connected power,P PV The grid-connected power is photovoltaic grid-connected power;P W,max the maximum grid-connected power of the fan,P PV,max The photovoltaic maximum grid-connected power is set;
the energy storage device is constrained as follows:(7) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (7), the amino acid sequence of the compound,E tES, is thattThe storage power of the storage battery is stored at the moment;E ES,min is the minimum capacity of the storage battery,E ES,max Is the maximum capacity of the storage battery;E tGS, is thattThe gas storage power of the gas storage tank at any moment;E GS,min is the minimum capacity of the air storage tank,E GS,max The maximum capacity of the air storage tank;
the power balance constraint is:(8) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (8), the amino acid sequence of the compound,L e for the total power of the user electric load,L p Is the total power of the air load of the user,L h Total power for the user thermal load.
The flexible load constraint comprises load-reducible constraint and load-transferable constraint, and the flexible load variation is as follows through flexible adjustment:(9) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In (9)，P fa Is the amount of flexible load change;dthe state of load transfer is indicated,d=1 indicates that there is a load transfer,d=2 represents a loaded roll-out; />To reduce the electric load;to reduce the gas load; />、/>Respectively aretThe electric load and the gas load are reduced at the moment; />Is to transfer the electrical load; />Is a transfer gas load; />、/>Respectively aretThe electric and gas load transfer is carried out at the moment;
load constraints can be cut down as:(10) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (10): />Is thattTime of day usermMaximum load of energy-like sources; />Is thattTime reduction times; />Is thattThe maximum allowable reduction times at the moment;
the transferable load constraints are:(11) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the formula (11), ->Is thattTime transfer times;is thattThe time is the maximum allowable transfer times. The method for solving the drug-seeking algorithm of the multi-target bacterial colony comprises the following steps:
e1, inputting system parameters, a unit and parameters of an energy storage device, and initializing the bacteria position;
step (E2), each bacterium generates a new position through individual bacterial optimizing and bacterial group optimizing, and performs feasibility checking and adjustment, and a boundary absorption processing method is adopted to set a value crossing a feasible region boundary as a boundary value; if the new location is better than the original location, the bacterium selects the new location;
and (E3) repeating the process of searching the optimal target value by the bacteria in the step (E2), and repeating the steps until the initial setting precision requirement is met, so as to obtain an optimal solution meeting the low-carbon operation target of the park comprehensive energy system.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The method for operating the park comprehensive energy system by considering the carbon transaction risk cost is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (A), establishing a source-load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model containing wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load; the source load storage multi-element coordination park comprehensive energy system model comprising wind power, photovoltaic, energy storage and flexible load is as follows:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,the power of electric, gas and heat loads in the system are respectively; />The comprehensive energy system of the park purchases electricity and gas from the power distribution network; />The power purchasing power of the comprehensive energy system of the trade cooperation park with the park exists; p (P) W 、P PV Wind power and photovoltaic grid-connected power are respectively adopted; />η P2G 、η GB The heat conversion coefficients of the CHP equipment, the P2G equipment and the gas boiler are respectively; p (P) P2G 、P CHP 、P GB The power is the power of the P2G equipment for converting electricity into gas and the power of the CHP equipment for converting electricity into heat and the power of the gas boiler for converting gas into heat; />The charging and discharging power of the storage battery and the charging and discharging power of the air storage tank are respectively; />The electric, gas and thermal power generated by flexible load regulation in the system are respectively +.>
Step (B), establishing a carbon emission model by combining the characteristics of the park; the carbon emission model is as follows:
in the formula (2), the amino acid sequence of the compound,is the actual carbon emission; m is the energy type; a is that m = { e, h, g }, containing electricity, gas, heat energy; ρ m Is the carbon emission coefficient of the m-th energy source; l (L) m,t The system is the m-th energy consumption at the time t;
step (C), considering the risk cost of carbon transaction of the park comprehensive energy system;
step (D), establishing a multi-objective optimization model of planning operation economy and low carbon of a park comprehensive energy system;
and (E) obtaining an optimal solution by adopting a multi-target bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm to obtain the low-carbon operation method of the park comprehensive energy system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (C), the risk cost of carbon transaction in the campus integrated energy system is: dividing the carbon emission of the system into two sections, wherein the first section is a free carbon emission quota and a normal carbon transaction section, and the risk cost is 0; the second interval is a risk carbon transaction interval, in which the risk cost C of carbon transaction needs to be paid additionally rs ；
In the formula (3), the amino acid sequence of the compound,is a carbon transaction for payment of a systemMinimum limit of risk costs-> Is a free carbon emission quota for the system; />Is the carbon trade price; gamma is the risk cost increase coefficient, taking 25%; l is the carbon trade interval length.
3. The method for operating a campus integrated energy system with consideration of risk costs for carbon trade according to claim 1, wherein in step (D), the economy and low-carbon multi-objective optimization model for the planning operation of the campus integrated energy system is:
in the formulae (4) to (5), τ 1 、τ 2 The weight coefficients of economy and low carbon are respectively obtained by calculation by adopting a hierarchical analysis method according to the park scheduling requirement, and tau 1 +τ 2 ＝1；C buy 、C op 、C fa 、The method comprises the steps of energy purchase cost, equipment operation and maintenance cost, flexible load adjustment compensation and carbon transaction cost; />Is to purchase the energy of the mth class to the upper energy networkPower and unit price;is the electric power and unit price purchased from the business cooperation park service provider existing with the present park; c (C) P2G 、C CHP 、C ES 、C GS 、C GB P2G, CHP, a storage battery, a gas storage tank and the operation and maintenance cost of the gas boiler are respectively; />The user cuts down the m-th energy power and the unit compensation price; />The user transfers the m-th energy power and the unit compensation price; />Is a 0-1 variable, respectively representing the load shedding and shifting state of the m-th class, 1 representing the shedding and shifting, 0 representing the non-shedding and shifting,>is the carbon trade price.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein in step (D), the constraints of the campus integrated energy system planning operation economy and low-carbon multi-objective optimization model include energy device constraints, energy storage device constraints, power balance constraints, and flexible load constraints.
5. A method of operating a campus integrated energy system that accounts for carbon transaction risk costs according to claim 4, wherein the energy device constraints are:
in the formula (6), θ i A variable of 0-1, indicating whether the device is involved in operation; p (P) i Is the operating power of the energy device i; p (P) i,min Minimum operating power, P, for an energy installation i i,max The maximum operating power of the energy equipment i; p (P) W For wind power grid-connected power, P PV The grid-connected power is photovoltaic grid-connected power; p (P) W,max For maximum grid-connected power of fan, P PV,max The photovoltaic maximum grid-connected power is set;
the energy storage device constraints are:
in the formula (7), E ES,t The storage power of the storage battery at the moment t; e (E) ES,min For minimum capacity of accumulator, E ES,max Is the maximum capacity of the storage battery; e (E) GS,t The gas storage power of the gas storage tank at the moment t; e (E) GS,min Is the minimum capacity of the air storage tank E GS,max The maximum capacity of the air storage tank;
the power balance constraint is:
in the formula (8), L e For the total power of the consumer electric load, L p For the total power of the air load of the user, L h Total power for the user thermal load;
the flexible load constraint comprises load constraint capable of being reduced and load constraint capable of being transferred, and the flexible load variation is as follows:
in the formula (9), P fa Is the amount of flexible load change; d represents a loadA transition state, d=1 indicates a load transfer in, and d=2 indicates a load transfer out;to reduce the electric load; />To reduce the gas load; />The electricity and gas load are reduced at the moment t respectively; />Is to transfer the electrical load; />Is a transfer gas load; />The power and gas load are transferred at the moment t;
the load reducible constraint is:
in the formula (10):the maximum load of the m-th energy source of the user at the moment t; y is 1,t The time t is the reduction times; y is Y 1,max The maximum allowable reduction times at the moment t;
the transferable load constraints are:
(11)) In (b), y 2,t The number of times of transfer at time t; y is Y 2,t,max The maximum allowable transfer times at time t.
6. The method for operating a campus integrated energy system with consideration of carbon transaction risk costs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (E), the step of solving by using a multi-target bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm is specifically:
e1, inputting system parameters, a unit and parameters of an energy storage device, and initializing the bacteria position;
step (E2), each bacterium generates a new position through individual bacterial optimizing and bacterial group optimizing, and performs feasibility checking and adjustment, and a boundary absorption processing method is adopted to set a value crossing a feasible region boundary as a boundary value; if the new location is better than the original location, the bacterium selects the new location;
and (E3) repeating the process of searching the optimal target value by the bacteria in the step (E2), and repeating the steps until the initial setting precision requirement is met, so as to obtain an optimal solution meeting the low-carbon operation target of the park comprehensive energy system.
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