CN117371106A - Building indoor semantic model construction method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor semantic modeling, and provides a building indoor semantic model construction method, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring an indoor plane structure diagram of each floor of a building; s2, defining recognition rules of window patterns and door patterns in the indoor plane structure diagram, recognizing the patterns from the recognition rules, and replacing the patterns with straight-line segments with two ends connected with wall patterns; s3, randomly extracting points on the intersection region graphs of different wall graphs and joint positions of the wall graphs connected with straight line segments representing the door graph and the window graph, and refining the wall graphs into the straight line segments by using a wall refining algorithm; s4, extracting indoor room structures by using a space searching algorithm, so as to obtain a semantic model about an indoor plane structure diagram; s5, generating indoor structures of all floors of the building three-dimensional model according to the semantic model of the indoor plane structure diagram. The invention has the advantages of convenient and quick construction of the indoor semantic model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor semantic modeling, and particularly relates to a building indoor semantic model construction method and system.
Background
Along with the mature development of three-dimensional modeling technology, a large number of three-dimensional models of buildings have been accumulated, the traditional three-dimensional models of buildings can be used for displaying the overall appearance, external structures and other information of the buildings, however, the traditional three-dimensional models of buildings lack information about the internal structures of the three-dimensional models of buildings, when the appearance of the buildings is checked, the internal structures of the buildings are required to be further understood, the internal plane structure diagrams of the buildings are required to be browsed separately, the external structures of the buildings and the internal structures of the buildings are independent of each other, so that the analysis and the application of the traditional three-dimensional models of the buildings are difficult and cannot be fully performed, and therefore, the research on a construction method of the indoor semantic model of the buildings is very important in fusing the indoor structures of the buildings to the traditional three-dimensional models of the buildings.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a building indoor semantic model construction method and system.
In order to achieve the above object, a method for constructing a building indoor semantic model is provided, which is implemented by the following steps:
step one, obtaining an indoor plane structure diagram of each floor of a building, wherein the indoor plane structure diagram comprises wall surface patterns, room patterns, window patterns and door patterns which are formed by points, straight line segments and curve segments, and character remarks and digital remarks related to the patterns;
defining recognition rules of window patterns and door patterns in the indoor plane structure chart, recognizing the patterns from the indoor plane structure chart according to the recognition rules, replacing the window patterns and the door patterns with straight line segments with two ends connected with wall patterns on the indoor plane structure chart, recording the end point positions of the two ends of the straight line segments, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments;
step three, randomly extracting points on the intersection region graphs of different wall graphs and the joint positions of the wall graphs and straight line segments representing the door graph and the window graph based on the indoor plane structure graph obtained through S2 processing, and thinning the wall graphs into the straight line segments by using a wall thinning algorithm, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments at the same time, so as to obtain a simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph;
generating an undirected graph by taking points in the simplified graph as vertexes and taking line segments in the simplified graph as edges according to the simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph, extracting each room structure from the undirected graph by using a space searching algorithm, and generating semantic description information of the room structures at the same time, so as to obtain a semantic model about the indoor plane structure graph;
and fifthly, for the three-dimensional building model, respectively generating indoor structures of all floors of the three-dimensional building model according to semantic models of indoor plane structure diagrams corresponding to all floors of the model.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the wall surface refinement algorithm in the third step further includes the following execution steps:
the first step, clustering the points on the intersection region patterns of different wall patterns according to a distance threshold kappa, so as to obtain the distance values between the pointsPoints less than or equal to κ are divided into the same point group, and the calculation of the distance threshold κ is described as the following formula:wherein d represents the wall width of the wall surface graph on the indoor plane structure diagram, and epsilon represents an acceptable calculation error;
secondly, respectively extracting central points in the point groups, and connecting the central points of intersection region patterns of different wall patterns on the indoor plane structure diagram aiming at the wall patterns which do not contain window patterns and door patterns, so as to refine the wall patterns into straight line segments;
and thirdly, aiming at the wall surface graph comprising the window graph and/or the door graph, connecting the central point of the intersection region graph of the wall surface graph and the joint of the wall surface graph and the straight line segment representing the door graph and the window graph, thereby thinning the wall surface graph into the straight line segment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a building indoor semantic model construction method, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining an indoor plane structure diagram of each floor of a building, defining recognition rules of window patterns and door patterns in the indoor plane structure diagram, recognizing the patterns from the indoor plane structure diagram, replacing the patterns with straight line segments with two ends connected with wall patterns, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments; randomly extracting points on the intersection region graphs of different wall graphs and the joint positions of the wall graphs and the straight line segments representing the door graph and the window graph, and refining the wall graphs into the straight line segments by using a wall refining algorithm, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments; then extracting each indoor room structure by using a space searching algorithm, and further obtaining a semantic model related to an indoor plane structure diagram; and finally, respectively generating indoor structures of all floors of the building three-dimensional model according to the semantic model of the indoor plane structure diagram. The invention fuses the existing building three-dimensional model and the indoor plane structure, solves the problem that the external structure and the internal structure of the building three-dimensional model are mutually isolated, can conveniently realize various applications based on the building three-dimensional model, and has the advantages of greater effect, and simultaneously, the invention also has the advantages of convenient, quick and accurate construction of the indoor semantic model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a method for constructing a building indoor semantic model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of steps of the wall surface refinement algorithm of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a spatial search algorithm according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a construction diagram of a construction system of a building indoor semantic model according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms unless otherwise specified. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first xx script may be referred to as a second xx script, and similarly, a second xx script may be referred to as a first xx script, without departing from the scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a building indoor semantic model construction method, which is implemented by executing the following steps:
step one, an indoor plane structure diagram of each floor of a building is obtained, wherein the indoor plane structure diagram comprises wall surface patterns, room patterns, window patterns and door patterns which are formed by points, straight line segments and curve segments, and character remarks and digital remarks related to the patterns.
Defining the recognition rules of window patterns and door patterns in the indoor plane structure chart, recognizing the patterns from the indoor plane structure chart according to the recognition rules, replacing the window patterns and the door patterns with straight line segments with two ends connected with wall patterns on the indoor plane structure chart, recording the end point positions of the two ends of the straight line segments, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments.
And thirdly, randomly extracting points on the intersection region graphs of different wall graphs and the joint positions of the wall graphs and straight line segments representing the door graph and the window graph based on the indoor plane structure graph obtained through S2 processing, and refining the wall graphs into the straight line segments by using a wall refining algorithm, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments at the same time, so that a simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph is obtained.
And step four, generating an undirected graph by taking points in the simplified graph as vertexes and taking line segments in the simplified graph as edges according to the simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph, extracting each room structure from the undirected graph by using a space searching algorithm, and generating semantic description information of the room structures at the same time, so as to obtain a semantic model about the indoor plane structure graph.
And fifthly, for the three-dimensional building model, respectively generating indoor structures of all floors of the three-dimensional building model according to semantic models of indoor plane structure diagrams corresponding to all floors of the model.
Further, in the first step, firstly, an indoor plane structure diagram corresponding to the three-dimensional model of the building is obtained, the indoor plane structure diagram may be a building indoor plane design diagram generated in a building design stage, and a general indoor plane structure diagram not only includes wall surface patterns, room patterns, window patterns, door patterns and the like formed by points, straight line segments and curve segments, but also includes text remarks and digital remarks for the various patterns, such as digital descriptions for the height and width of a wall surface to be built, text descriptions for the size and shape of a window to be built, digital descriptions for the area of the room to be built and the like, and people can understand information such as the room composition structure in the building indoor, the position distribution of the door and the window and the like by browsing the indoor plane structure diagram, and the information can be used in various applications such as indoor navigation and the like, and has very important effects.
Further, in the second step, considering that in the indoor plane structure diagram, the window pattern and the door pattern are generally contained in the wall surface pattern, and the pattern characteristics of the window pattern and the door pattern have larger differences from the wall surface pattern, the inconvenience is caused to the extraction of the indoor structure, so that in the step, firstly, the recognition rule for the window pattern and the door pattern in the indoor plane structure diagram is defined, specifically, the door pattern is defined as a pattern formed by connecting adjacent straight line segments and arc segments, the radian corresponding to the arc segments is ninety degrees, the window pattern is defined as a pattern formed by a group of straight line segments which are parallel to each other and have the number of line segments of 3 or more and 4 or less, the lengths of the straight line segments are the same, then, the window pattern and the door pattern are recognized from the indoor plane structure diagram according to the recognition rule, the window pattern and the door pattern are replaced by the straight line segments with the wall surface pattern, the end positions of the two ends of the straight line segments are recorded, and the semantic description information of the straight line segments is generated at the same time;
the process includes generating position description information of two end points of the straight line segment, which can be used for building indoor structures of buildings in subsequent steps, extracting text remarks and digital remarks information about the window graph and the door graph from indoor plane structure diagrams, such as description information of height and width of a window to be built and description information of size and color of a door to be built.
Further, in step three, considering that the wall surface pattern is generally represented by a rectangle on the basis of the indoor plane structure diagram obtained through the processing in step two, that is, the wall surface pattern has a certain width, the wall surface pattern needs to be refined before the indoor structure extraction is performed, the step firstly randomly extracts points on the intersection region patterns of different wall surface patterns, the intersection region patterns are also generally rectangular, and the positions of the joints of the wall surface patterns and the straight line segments representing the door pattern and the window pattern, then the step refines the wall surface pattern into the straight line segments by using a wall surface refinement algorithm, and semantic description information of the straight line segments is generated, so as to obtain a simplified diagram of the indoor plane structure diagram, wherein the semantic description information comprises position description information of end points of the straight line segments, and character remarking and digital remarking information about the wall surface pattern extracted from the indoor plane structure diagram, and referring to the wall surface refinement algorithm as shown in fig. 2, the steps are performed as follows:
the first step, clustering processing is carried out on points on the intersection region graphs of different wall graphs according to a distance threshold value kappa, so that the points with the distance value smaller than or equal to kappa are divided into the same point group, and the calculation of the distance threshold value kappa is described as the following formula:wherein d represents the wall width of the wall surface graph on the indoor plane structure chart, epsilon represents acceptable calculation errors, and specific values of epsilon can be freely set according to requirements, for example epsilon=0.05.
And secondly, respectively extracting central points in the point groups, and connecting the central points of the intersection region patterns of different wall patterns aiming at the wall patterns which do not contain the window patterns and the door patterns on an indoor plane structure diagram, so as to refine the wall patterns into straight line segments.
And thirdly, aiming at the wall surface graph comprising the window graph and/or the door graph, connecting the central point of the intersection region graph of the wall surface graph and the joint of the wall surface graph and the straight line segment representing the door graph and the window graph, thereby thinning the wall surface graph into the straight line segment.
Specifically, the simplified diagram of the indoor plane structure diagram obtained through the processing steps is composed of the replacement graph of the wall graph, namely the straight line segment and the endpoints of the two ends of the straight line segment, and the replacement graph of the window graph and the door graph, namely the straight line segment and the endpoints of the two ends of the straight line segment, and also comprises semantic description information of different straight line segments and endpoints thereof, and the simplified diagram of the indoor plane structure diagram can represent the indoor structure of a building by the connection composition relation of simple points and line segments, so that the problem of complexity of extracting the indoor structure of the building from the original indoor plane structure diagram is avoided.
Further, in the fourth step, on the premise that the simplified diagram of the indoor plane structure diagram has been obtained, further space searching is further required to obtain each room structure in the building and semantic description information about the room structure, in order to achieve the above purpose, in this step, firstly, an undirected diagram is generated by using line segment endpoints in the simplified diagram as vertices and line segments in the simplified diagram as edges, then, in this undirected diagram, a space searching algorithm is used to extract each room structure from the undirected diagram, and at the same time, semantic description information about the room structure is generated, and finally, a semantic model about the indoor plane structure diagram is obtained, where, referring to fig. 3, the space searching algorithm includes the following implementation steps:
the first step, for each vertex in the undirected graph, respectively calculating all path information which starts from the vertex and can return to the vertex in the graph, wherein the path information comprises traversing sequences of the vertex and the edge in the undirected graph, and generating semantic description information of the vertex and the edge, and the semantic description information respectively corresponds to the semantic description information of the line segment endpoint and the line segment on the simplified graph of the indoor plane structure diagram.
And judging whether the path information at least comprises a corresponding side of a door graph and a corresponding side of a window graph according to the semantic description information of the path information.
And thirdly, obtaining each room structure of the indoor plane structure diagram based on the path information meeting the judgment conditions in the second step, and obtaining a semantic model related to the indoor plane structure diagram, wherein the semantic model comprises different edges forming the room and different vertexes connected with the edges, and semantic description information of each edge and each vertex.
Specifically, the semantic model of the indoor plane structure diagram obtained through the processing steps not only comprises the composition conditions of each room in a building, but also comprises the specific position distribution conditions of doors and windows in different rooms, and also comprises semantic description information of the wall surfaces, the doors and the windows of the room for the composition conditions of the room, such as height description information of the wall surfaces to be built of the room, size description information of the windows to be built of the room, and the like.
Further, in the fifth step, by executing the first to fourth steps, with different floors of the building as basic units, the system has constructed a semantic model of an indoor plane structure diagram of different floors of the building, and the semantic model records the position relationship and connection relationship of the wall surfaces, windows and doors forming each room in the building and the semantic description information of the wall surfaces, the doors and the windows, so that in the present step, on the basis of the existing three-dimensional model of the building, the indoor structure of each floor of the building can be established by the system according to the semantic model of the indoor plane structure diagram of each floor of the building, and the semantic description information and the corresponding indoor structure are bound, so that the fusion of the existing three-dimensional model of the building and the indoor plane structure diagram thereof is finally realized, and the three-dimensional model of the building plays a larger role.
Referring to fig. 4, the present invention further provides a building indoor semantic model construction system, which is used for implementing the building indoor semantic model construction method described in the above description, and specifically includes the following modules:
the first module is used for obtaining an indoor plane structure diagram of a building and dividing the indoor plane structure diagram according to different floors of the building, wherein the indoor plane structure diagram comprises wall face graphics, room graphics, window graphics, door graphics, and text remarks and digital remarks related to the graphics.
The second module is used for identifying the window graph and the door graph from the indoor plane structure graph, replacing the window graph and the door graph with straight line segments with two ends connected with the wall graph, generating semantic description information of the straight line segments, refining the wall graph into the straight line segments by using a wall refining algorithm, generating the semantic description information of the straight line segments, and finally obtaining a simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph.
And the third module is used for generating an undirected graph according to the simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph, extracting each room structure from the undirected graph by using a space searching algorithm, generating semantic description information of the room structure, and finally obtaining a semantic model about the indoor plane structure graph.
And the fourth module is used for respectively generating indoor structures of all floors of the building three-dimensional model according to semantic models of indoor plane structure diagrams corresponding to all floors of the building three-dimensional model.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments of the present invention are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in various embodiments may include multiple sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, nor do the order in which the sub-steps or stages are performed necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps or other steps.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer program for instructing relevant hardware, and the above program may be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and the program may include processes in the embodiments of the above methods when executed. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the various embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and for brevity, all of the possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments are not described, however, they should be considered as the scope of the description of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The foregoing examples have been presented to illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The construction method of the indoor semantic model of the building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring an indoor plane structure diagram of each floor of a building, wherein the indoor plane structure diagram comprises a wall surface graph, a room graph, a window graph, a door graph and text remarks and digital remarks related to the graph, wherein the wall surface graph consists of points, straight line segments and curve segments;
s2, defining recognition rules of window patterns and door patterns in the indoor plane structure chart, recognizing the patterns from the indoor plane structure chart according to the recognition rules, replacing the window patterns and the door patterns with straight line segments with two ends connected with wall patterns on the indoor plane structure chart, recording the end point positions of the two ends of the straight line segments, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments;
s3, randomly extracting points on the intersection region graphs of different wall graphs and the joint positions of the wall graphs and straight line segments representing the door graph and the window graph based on the indoor plane structure graph obtained through S2 processing, and thinning the wall graphs into the straight line segments by using a wall thinning algorithm, and generating semantic description information of the straight line segments at the same time, so as to obtain a simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph;
the wall surface refining algorithm in the step S3 comprises the following implementation steps:
s31, clustering the points on the intersection region patterns of different wall patterns according to a distance threshold value kappa, so that the points with the distance value less than or equal to kappa are divided into the same point group, and the calculation of the distance threshold value kappa is described as the following formula:wherein d represents the wall width of the wall surface graph on the indoor plane structure diagram, and epsilon represents an acceptable calculation error;
s32, respectively extracting center points in the point groups, and connecting the center points of intersection region graphs of different wall graphs aiming at the wall graphs which do not contain window graphs and door graphs on an indoor plane structure graph, so as to refine the wall graphs into straight line segments;
s33, aiming at the wall surface graph comprising the window graph and/or the door graph, connecting the central point of the intersection area graph of the wall surface graph and the joint of the wall surface graph and the straight line segment representing the door graph and the window graph, thereby thinning the wall surface graph into the straight line segment
S4, generating an undirected graph by taking points in the simplified graph as vertexes and taking line segments in the simplified graph as edges according to the simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph, extracting each room structure from the undirected graph by using a space searching algorithm, and generating semantic description information of the room structures at the same time, so as to obtain a semantic model about the indoor plane structure graph;
s5, for the three-dimensional building model, generating indoor structures of all floors of the three-dimensional building model according to semantic models of indoor plane structure diagrams corresponding to all floors of the model.
2. The method for building the indoor semantic model of the building according to claim 1, wherein the rule for identifying the window pattern and the door pattern in the indoor plane structure chart in S2 comprises defining the door pattern as a pattern formed by connecting adjacent straight line segments and arc segments, wherein the arc corresponding to the arc segments is ninety degrees, defining the window pattern as a group of straight line segments which are parallel to each other and have the same length, wherein the number of the line segments is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating semantic description information of straight line segments, which are replacement figures of window figures and door figures, in S2 includes generating position description information of end points at two ends of the straight line segments, and extracting text remarks and digital remarks information about the window figures and the door figures from the indoor plane structure diagram.
4. The method for constructing a building indoor semantic model according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the wall surface graphics are refined into straight line segments by using a wall surface refinement algorithm, semantic description information of the straight line segments is generated, the process comprises generating position description information of end points of two ends of the straight line segments, and text remarks and digital remarks information about the wall surface graphics are extracted from an indoor plane structure diagram.
5. The method for constructing a building indoor semantic model according to claim 1, wherein the spatial search algorithm in S4 comprises the following steps:
s41, for each vertex in the undirected graph, respectively calculating all path information which starts from the vertex and can return to the vertex in the graph, wherein the path information comprises traversing sequences of the vertex and the edge, and generating semantic description information of the vertex and the edge;
s42, judging whether the path information at least comprises a corresponding side of a door graph and a corresponding side of a window graph according to semantic description information of the path information;
s43, obtaining each room structure of the indoor plane structure diagram based on the path information meeting the judgment condition in S42, and further obtaining a semantic model related to the indoor plane structure diagram, wherein the semantic model comprises different edges forming a room and different vertexes connected by the edges, and semantic description information of each edge and each vertex.
6. A building indoor semantic model construction system for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following modules:
the first module is used for acquiring an indoor plane structure diagram of a building, dividing the indoor plane structure diagram according to different floors of the building, wherein the indoor plane structure diagram comprises wall surface graphics, room graphics, window graphics, door graphics, and text remarks and digital remarks related to the graphics;
the second module is used for identifying the window graph and the door graph from the indoor plane structure graph, replacing the window graph and the door graph with straight line segments with two ends connected with the wall graph, generating semantic description information of the straight line segments, refining the wall graph into the straight line segments by using a wall refining algorithm, generating semantic description information of the straight line segments, and finally obtaining a simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph;
the third module is used for generating an undirected graph according to the simplified graph of the indoor plane structure graph, extracting each room structure from the undirected graph by using a space searching algorithm, generating semantic description information of the room structure, and finally obtaining a semantic model about the indoor plane structure graph;
and the fourth module is used for respectively generating indoor structures of all floors of the building three-dimensional model according to semantic models of indoor plane structure diagrams corresponding to all floors of the building three-dimensional model.
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