CN117369248A - Operation optimization adjustment method for improving stability of blast furnace gas boiler - Google Patents
Operation optimization adjustment method for improving stability of blast furnace gas boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN117369248A CN117369248A CN202311380125.7A CN202311380125A CN117369248A CN 117369248 A CN117369248 A CN 117369248A CN 202311380125 A CN202311380125 A CN 202311380125A CN 117369248 A CN117369248 A CN 117369248A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/0205—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system
- G05B13/024—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of a blast furnace gas boiler, which comprises the following steps: s1: feed-forward optimization of blast furnace gas flow; s2: a method for adjusting the fixed load of a blast furnace gas boiler; s3: and (5) an adjusting method in a variable working condition. The operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of the blast furnace gas boiler can avoid the problems of overhigh CO emission concentration and large fluctuation range when the blast furnace gas boiler is operated, can effectively reduce the problem of large load fluctuation of a unit caused by frequent fluctuation of gas pressure and frequent fluctuation of blast furnace gas quantity, and can avoid the problem of hearth vibration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optimization adjustment of a blast furnace gas boiler, in particular to an operation optimization adjustment method for improving stability of the blast furnace gas boiler.
Background
The blast furnace gas is a byproduct combustible gas in the blast furnace ironmaking production process, and mainly comprises carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrocarbons and a small amount of sulfur dioxide, wherein the gas containing the combustible carbon monoxide is a low-heat-value gas fuel, can be used as self-use gas for metallurgical enterprises, such as steel ingots for heating hot rolling, preheating steel ladles and the like, and can also be supplied for civil use, if coke oven gas is added, the heat value is improved, the blast furnace gas is blown by a high-pressure blower, the blast furnace gas enters the blast furnace after being heated by a hot blast furnace, the hot air and coke support combustion, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are generated, the carbon dioxide and the hot coke generate carbon monoxide, and the carbon monoxide reduces iron elements in the iron ore in the ascending process, so that the iron is the chemical process of ironmaking, the molten iron temporarily remains at the furnace bottom and is timely discharged for direct steelmaking or ingot casting, and a large amount of excess carbon monoxide is also in the blast furnace gas of the blast furnace during the process, and the blast furnace gas is the blast furnace gas.
At present, partial blast furnace gas boilers are high in CO emission concentration and large in fluctuation range in running, unit load fluctuation is large, frequent fluctuation of blast furnace gas quantity can be caused due to frequent fluctuation of gas pressure, and the problem of hearth vibration can also occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of a blast furnace gas boiler, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an operation optimization adjustment method for improving stability of a blast furnace gas boiler comprises the following operation steps:
s1: blast furnace gas flow feedforward optimization: the method comprises the steps of carrying out feedback optimization on a CO concentration sensor and a gas flowmeter which are arranged at a blast furnace gas boiler, limiting according to the flow threshold value of CO and gas discharged by the blast furnace gas boiler, and stopping the operation of the blast furnace gas boiler to maintain after the limiting threshold value is solved;
s2: the method for adjusting the fixed load of the blast furnace gas boiler comprises the following steps: comprising the following steps:
a: the burner of the blast furnace gas boiler balances the primary air speed, the secondary air speed and the coal powder concentration of the same layer, and when in adjustment, the air power field in the furnace needs to be good in fullness but not inclined, so that the phenomena of sticking and rinsing walls are avoided;
b: the reasonable flame center height is ensured, the flame center height is adjusted by a method of increasing and decreasing the secondary air velocity of the upper two layers, the flame center cannot be too high, otherwise, the ignition point of the pulverized coal is too far away from the nozzle, and the flame is easy to break;
c: the tertiary air has high air speed, low air temperature and strong penetrating power, has great influence on combustion, and the recirculation air door should be opened as much as possible to reduce the tertiary air speed in operation, so that the influence of the tertiary air on combustion is reduced;
d: when in high-load operation, the furnace temperature is relatively high, in order to reduce coking in the furnace, the furnace is required to be burnt to form a strong oxidizing atmosphere, so that the high furnace outlet oxygen amount is required to be kept in the operation, and the pulverized coal is required to be as thin as possible;
e: in operation, under the condition of keeping normal primary and secondary air speeds, the wind pressure of the primary and secondary air jet flows is improved as much as possible, the rigidity of the primary and secondary air jet flows is enhanced, and the anti-interference capability of the jet flows is improved;
f: the lower powder level can lead the pulverized coal to automatically flow, the powder feeding machine is uneven, the combustion stability is reduced, therefore, the higher powder level of the powder bin should be kept in operation,
g: in low-load operation, the combustion temperature of the hearth is low, coking is not easy, the oxygen content of the outlet of the hearth is reduced as much as possible to prevent the temperature of the hearth from being too low, combustion is relatively concentrated, the powder feeder is kept to operate at the highest rotational speed, and the corresponding primary air speed is reduced when the rotational speed of the powder feeder is reduced, so that the concentration of coal dust is kept normal;
s3: the adjusting method in the variable working condition comprises the following steps: during the whole adjustment process in load lifting, the combustion should be concentrated and the lower flame center should be maintained: after the primary air door is opened and the powder feeding amount is increased, the upper and lower secondary air doors and the uppermost secondary air door are firstly opened, and as the powder feeding amount is increased, the lower secondary air is properly proportionally opened, after all the primary air and the secondary air are proportionally adjusted in place, the secondary air is properly opened again according to the combustion working condition, and finally the uppermost secondary air is opened to adjust the oxygen amount of the outlet of the hearth to a proper value;
s4: during the whole load reduction adjustment process, the combustion should be concentrated and the lower flame center should be maintained: the lower two layers of powder feeders keep higher rotating speed, firstly, the powder feeder is stopped from the opposite angle of the uppermost layer, the corresponding primary air door is closed in time, disturbance of primary air to combustion is reduced, after the powder feeding amount and the corresponding primary air are reduced, the primary total air pressure and the oxygen amount at the outlet of a hearth are increased, the speed of the middle secondary air is reduced in time along with the reduction of the powder feeding amount, so that upper and lower primary air jet flows are more concentrated to combust, the load reduction secondary air is firstly reduced by the lowest secondary air, and then the upper secondary air amount is reduced, and the flame center of the hearth is kept at a relatively lower position.
Preferably, in the step S1, a burner gas regulating door and a burner air quantity regulating door are required to be installed at the same time, and the fluctuation of the gas pressure is monitored by a pressure sensor, and the air quantity is regulated according to the temperature condition.
Preferably, in the step S3, if the wind speed of the intermediate secondary air increases too fast with the increase of the total primary wind pressure during load rising, the intermediate secondary air baffle should be properly closed to ensure that the intermediate secondary air speed is not too high.
Preferably, when the upper and lower primary air jets in the step S4 are burned more intensively, the primary total air pressure needs to be reduced to be normal, and the uppermost secondary air quantity is reduced appropriately according to the oxygen quantity increasing condition to reduce the oxygen quantity to be normal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the blast furnace gas boiler is operated, the method can avoid the problems of overhigh CO emission concentration and large fluctuation range, can effectively reduce the problem of large load fluctuation of a unit caused by frequent fluctuation of gas pressure and frequent fluctuation of blast furnace gas quantity, and can avoid the problem of hearth vibration.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to an operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of a blast furnace gas boiler, which comprises the following operation steps:
s1: blast furnace gas flow feedforward optimization: the method comprises the steps of carrying out feedback optimization on a CO concentration sensor and a gas flowmeter which are arranged at a blast furnace gas boiler, limiting the flow thresholds of CO and gas discharged by the blast furnace gas boiler according to the used flow thresholds, stopping the operation of the blast furnace gas boiler to carry out maintenance after the limited thresholds are solved, and simultaneously installing a burner gas regulating door and a burner air quantity regulating door, monitoring fluctuation of gas pressure through a pressure sensor and simultaneously regulating air quantity according to temperature conditions.
S2: the method for adjusting the fixed load of the blast furnace gas boiler comprises the following steps: comprising the following steps:
a: the burner of the blast furnace gas boiler balances the primary air speed, the secondary air speed and the coal powder concentration on the same layer, and when in adjustment, the air power field in the furnace needs to be good in fullness but not inclined, thereby avoiding the phenomena of sticking to the wall and rinsing the wall.
B: the reasonable flame center height is ensured, the flame center height is adjusted by increasing and decreasing the secondary air speed of the upper two layers, the flame center cannot be too high, otherwise, the ignition point of the pulverized coal is too far away from the nozzle, and the flame is easy to break.
C: the tertiary air has high air speed, low air temperature and strong penetrating power, has great influence on combustion, and the recirculation air door should be opened as much as possible to reduce the tertiary air speed in operation, thereby reducing the influence of the tertiary air on the combustion.
D: when the high-load operation is carried out, the furnace temperature is relatively high, in order to reduce coking in the furnace, the furnace is required to be burnt to form a strong oxidizing atmosphere, and therefore, the high hearth outlet oxygen amount is required to be kept in the operation, and the pulverized coal is required to be as thin as possible.
E: in operation, under the condition of keeping normal primary and secondary air speeds, the wind pressure of the primary and secondary air jet flows is increased as much as possible, the rigidity of the primary and secondary air jet flows is enhanced, and the anti-interference capability of the jet flows is improved.
F: the lower powder level can lead the pulverized coal to automatically flow, the powder feeding machine is uneven, the combustion stability is reduced, therefore, the higher powder level of the powder bin should be kept in operation,
g: in low-load operation, the combustion temperature of the hearth is low, coking is not easy, the oxygen content of the outlet of the hearth is reduced as much as possible to prevent the temperature of the hearth from being too low, combustion is relatively concentrated, the powder feeder is kept to operate at the highest rotational speed, and the corresponding primary air speed is reduced when the rotational speed of the powder feeder is reduced, so that the concentration of coal dust is kept normal.
S3: the adjusting method in the variable working condition comprises the following steps: during the whole adjustment process in load lifting, the combustion should be concentrated and the lower flame center should be maintained: after the primary air door is opened and the powder feeding amount is increased, the upper secondary air door, the lower secondary air door and the uppermost secondary air door are firstly opened, the lower secondary air is properly proportionally opened along with the increase of the powder feeding amount, after all the primary secondary air and the secondary air are proportionally adjusted in place, the middle secondary air is properly opened according to the combustion working condition, finally the uppermost secondary air is opened to adjust the oxygen amount of the outlet of the hearth to a proper value, and when the primary total air pressure is increased during load lifting, if the air speed of the middle secondary air is increased too fast along with the increase of the primary total air pressure, the middle secondary air baffle is properly closed so as to ensure that the speed of the middle secondary air is not too high.
S4: during the whole load reduction adjustment process, the combustion should be concentrated and the lower flame center should be maintained: the lower two layers of powder feeders keep higher rotating speed, firstly, the powder feeder is stopped diagonally from the uppermost layer, the corresponding primary air door is closed timely, disturbance of primary air to combustion is reduced, after the powder feeding amount and the corresponding primary air are reduced, the primary total air pressure and the oxygen amount at the outlet of a hearth are increased, the secondary air speed is reduced timely along with the reduction of the powder feeding amount, so that upper and lower air jet flows are more concentrated to burn, the primary total air pressure is required to be reduced to be normal at the moment, the oxygen amount is reduced to be normal by properly reducing the uppermost layer secondary air amount according to the oxygen amount increasing condition, the load reduction secondary air is required to be reduced by firstly reducing the lowermost layer secondary air, and then the upper layer secondary air amount is reduced, so that the flame center of the hearth is kept at a relatively lower position.
The performance test is carried out on the boiler conditions after adjustment and the boiler conditions before adjustment, including the test on the maximum internal expansion height, heat exchange efficiency and unit pressure drop of the boiler, and the following is a test table.
When the blast furnace gas boiler is operated, the method can avoid the problems of overhigh CO emission concentration and large fluctuation range, can effectively reduce the problem of large load fluctuation of a unit caused by frequent fluctuation of gas pressure and frequent fluctuation of blast furnace gas quantity, and can avoid the problem of hearth vibration.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. An operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of a blast furnace gas boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following operation steps:
s1: blast furnace gas flow feedforward optimization: the method comprises the steps of carrying out feedback optimization on a CO concentration sensor and a gas flowmeter which are arranged at a blast furnace gas boiler, limiting according to the flow threshold value of CO and gas discharged by the blast furnace gas boiler, and stopping the operation of the blast furnace gas boiler to maintain after the limiting threshold value is solved;
s2: the method for adjusting the fixed load of the blast furnace gas boiler comprises the following steps: comprising the following steps:
a: the burner of the blast furnace gas boiler balances the primary air speed, the secondary air speed and the coal powder concentration of the same layer, and when in adjustment, the air power field in the furnace needs to be good in fullness but not inclined, so that the phenomena of sticking and rinsing walls are avoided;
b: the reasonable flame center height is ensured, the flame center height is adjusted by a method of increasing and decreasing the secondary air velocity of the upper two layers, the flame center cannot be too high, otherwise, the ignition point of the pulverized coal is too far away from the nozzle, and the flame is easy to break;
c: the tertiary air has high air speed, low air temperature and strong penetrating power, has great influence on combustion, and the recirculation air door should be opened as much as possible to reduce the tertiary air speed in operation, so that the influence of the tertiary air on combustion is reduced;
d: when in high-load operation, the furnace temperature is relatively high, in order to reduce coking in the furnace, the furnace is required to be burnt to form a strong oxidizing atmosphere, so that the high furnace outlet oxygen amount is required to be kept in the operation, and the pulverized coal is required to be as thin as possible;
e: in operation, under the condition of keeping normal primary and secondary air speeds, the wind pressure of the primary and secondary air jet flows is improved as much as possible, the rigidity of the primary and secondary air jet flows is enhanced, and the anti-interference capability of the jet flows is improved;
f: the lower powder level can lead the pulverized coal to automatically flow, the powder feeding machine is uneven, the combustion stability is reduced, therefore, the higher powder level of the powder bin should be kept in operation,
g: in low-load operation, the combustion temperature of the hearth is low, coking is not easy, the oxygen content of the outlet of the hearth is reduced as much as possible to prevent the temperature of the hearth from being too low, combustion is relatively concentrated, the powder feeder is kept to operate at the highest rotational speed, and the corresponding primary air speed is reduced when the rotational speed of the powder feeder is reduced, so that the concentration of coal dust is kept normal;
s3: the adjusting method in the variable working condition comprises the following steps: during the whole adjustment process in load lifting, the combustion should be concentrated and the lower flame center should be maintained: after the primary air door is opened and the powder feeding amount is increased, the upper and lower secondary air doors and the uppermost secondary air door are firstly opened, and as the powder feeding amount is increased, the lower secondary air is properly proportionally opened, after all the primary air and the secondary air are proportionally adjusted in place, the secondary air is properly opened again according to the combustion working condition, and finally the uppermost secondary air is opened to adjust the oxygen amount of the outlet of the hearth to a proper value;
s4: during the whole load reduction adjustment process, the combustion should be concentrated and the lower flame center should be maintained: the lower two layers of powder feeders keep higher rotating speed, firstly, the powder feeder is stopped from the opposite angle of the uppermost layer, the corresponding primary air door is closed in time, disturbance of primary air to combustion is reduced, after the powder feeding amount and the corresponding primary air are reduced, the primary total air pressure and the oxygen amount at the outlet of a hearth are increased, the speed of the middle secondary air is reduced in time along with the reduction of the powder feeding amount, so that upper and lower primary air jet flows are more concentrated to combust, the load reduction secondary air is firstly reduced by the lowest secondary air, and then the upper secondary air amount is reduced, and the flame center of the hearth is kept at a relatively lower position.
2. The operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of the blast furnace gas boiler according to claim 1, wherein the operation optimization adjustment method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, a burner gas regulating door and a burner air quantity regulating door are required to be installed at the same time, fluctuation of gas pressure is monitored through a pressure sensor, and air quantity is regulated according to temperature conditions.
3. The operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of the blast furnace gas boiler according to claim 1, wherein the operation optimization adjustment method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, if the primary total wind pressure increases during load rising, the middle secondary wind baffle should be properly turned down when the middle secondary wind speed increases too fast, so as to ensure that the middle secondary wind speed is not too high.
4. The operation optimization adjustment method for improving the stability of the blast furnace gas boiler according to claim 1, wherein the operation optimization adjustment method comprises the following steps: when the upper and lower primary air jet flows in the step S4 are more intensively combusted, the primary total air pressure is required to be reduced to be normal, and the uppermost secondary air quantity is properly reduced according to the oxygen quantity increasing condition so as to reduce the oxygen quantity to be normal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311380125.7A CN117369248A (en) | 2023-10-24 | 2023-10-24 | Operation optimization adjustment method for improving stability of blast furnace gas boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311380125.7A CN117369248A (en) | 2023-10-24 | 2023-10-24 | Operation optimization adjustment method for improving stability of blast furnace gas boiler |
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- 2023-10-24 CN CN202311380125.7A patent/CN117369248A/en active Pending
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