CN117365662A - Dynamic balance weight structure and weight method for steam turbine rotor - Google Patents
Dynamic balance weight structure and weight method for steam turbine rotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117365662A CN117365662A CN202311426419.9A CN202311426419A CN117365662A CN 117365662 A CN117365662 A CN 117365662A CN 202311426419 A CN202311426419 A CN 202311426419A CN 117365662 A CN117365662 A CN 117365662A
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- balance
- plug
- turbine rotor
- sai
- heng
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000255749 Coccinellidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/027—Arrangements for balancing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/10—Anti- vibration means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/30—Compensating unbalance
- G01M1/36—Compensating unbalance by adjusting position of masses built-in the body to be tested
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic balance weight structure and a balance weight method of a steam turbine rotor. The utility model provides a steam turbine rotor dynamic balance counter weight structure, includes the pivot, a plurality of balance hole has been seted up along circumference to the pivot, the downthehole detachable of balance is equipped with first balanced stopper or second balanced stopper, the weight of first balanced stopper is greater than second balance Heng Sai. A dynamic balance weight method for a steam turbine rotor comprises the following steps: step 1, respectively presetting a first balance plug and a second balance Heng Sai in a balance hole before high-speed dynamic balance of a rotor; and 2, in the high-speed dynamic balancing process, replacing the first balance plug in the balance hole with the second balance plug or replacing the second balance plug in the balance hole with the first balance plug. The continuity of the turbine rotor in the circumferential direction is guaranteed, so that the friction resistance and energy loss of air flow are reduced, and the working efficiency and performance of the equipment are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rotating equipment of a steam turbine generator unit, in particular to a dynamic balance weight structure and a weight balancing method of a steam turbine rotor.
Background
The rotor of the steam turbine can generate mass unbalance due to uneven material structure, processing errors, assembly errors and the like, so that the rotor vibrates more in the high-speed rotation process. The current method for solving the rotor mass unbalance in the industry is to perform a high-speed dynamic balance test, and the dynamic balance of the turbine rotor is a key process for reducing vibration and noise during the operation of a unit. The dynamic balance of the rotor mainly removes centrifugal force and vibration force generated when the rotor rotates at high speed by weighting or removing weight on the rotor so as to achieve a balanced state. The specific implementation process is as follows: dragging the rotor to the working rotation speed or above, carrying out weight balancing after analysis and calculation according to the vibration condition, and realizing the purpose of counteracting the mass unbalance of the rotor and finally realizing the purpose of reducing vibration by additionally arranging a balance weight or a balance screw plug (or called a balance screw) on a preset structure of the rotor.
The aforementioned weight balancing method is realized by adding a weight or a balance screw on a preset structure of the rotor, and the preset structure mainly comprises two types, namely a balance groove and a balance screw hole, wherein the balance groove or the balance screw hole is generally added with a weight or a balance screw plug after the high-speed dynamic balance test is completed. In operation of the turbine rotor, the discontinuous balance blocks or balance screw plugs in the circumferential direction enable high-speed flowing steam to form vortex when flowing through the balance grooves or balance screw holes, so that flow field disorder is caused, uniformity is poor, certain flow loss is generated, and therefore the efficiency of the turbine unit is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problems, the dynamic balance weight structure and the balance weight method of the steam turbine rotor are provided, and the dynamic balance weight structure and the balance weight method are simple in structure, convenient to operate and free from influencing the efficiency of a unit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a steam turbine rotor dynamic balance counter weight structure, includes the pivot, a plurality of balance hole has been seted up along circumference to the pivot, the downthehole detachable of balance is equipped with first balanced stopper or second balanced stopper, the weight of first balanced stopper is greater than second balance Heng Sai.
Alternatively, the first balanced plug has a length greater than the second balanced plug Heng Sai.
Alternatively, the top surfaces of the heads of the first balance plug and the second balance plug are flush with the outer circle of the rotating shaft.
Alternatively, the first balance plug or the second balance plate Heng Sai is screwed into the balance hole.
Alternatively, the screw tops of the first balance plug and the second balance plug are respectively provided with a rotating part.
Alternatively, the balance holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.
A dynamic balance weight method for a steam turbine rotor comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively presetting a first balance plug and a second balance Heng Sai in a balance hole before high-speed dynamic balance of a rotor;
and 2, in the high-speed dynamic balancing process, replacing the first balance plug in the balance hole with the second balance plug or replacing the second balance plug in the balance hole with the first balance plug.
Optionally, in step 1, the first balance plug and the second balance plug are set at preset time intervals.
Optionally, in step 2, according to the requirement of weight gain required somewhere during dynamic balance, replacing the second balance plug in the balance hole with the first balance plug; alternatively, the first balance plug in the balance hole is replaced with the second balance Heng Sai according to the weight reduction requirement required somewhere in dynamic balance.
Alternatively, in step 2, the surface of the first balance plug or the second balance plug is kept flush with the rotating shaft before and after replacement.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the dynamic balance weight structure and the weight method of the steam turbine rotor, disclosed by the invention, the continuity of the steam turbine rotor in the circumferential direction is ensured, so that the friction resistance and the energy loss of air flow are reduced, and the working efficiency and the performance of equipment are improved.
Drawings
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is an axial schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spindle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
The marks in the figure: 1-rotating shaft, 2-moving blade, 3-balance hole, 4-first balance plug, 5-second balance Heng Sai.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The utility model provides a steam turbine rotor dynamic balance counter weight structure, as shown in fig. 1-3, includes pivot 1, a plurality of balance hole 3 has been seted up along circumference to pivot 1, the detachable in the balance hole 3 is equipped with first balance plug 4 or second balance plug 5, the weight of first balance plug 4 is greater than second balance plug 5.
As the high velocity airflow enters radially, it encounters a circumferentially discontinuous location, creating a vortex around the discontinuity. Specifically, when a high velocity gas stream flows through the area, the gas flow velocity and direction will change due to the action of the structured surface and the surrounding gas, thereby forming a vortex. After the balance weight or balance plug surface forms a boundary layer of gas, the gas flow rate is slowed down and the gas pressure is increased. After the balance weight or balance plug, the gas is forced to accelerate rapidly, creating a rotating vortex. In addition, when the balance groove or the balance screw hole is encountered, the air flow in front of the balance groove or the balance screw hole is acted by the ladybug effect because the balance groove or the balance screw hole is a section through which the air flow passes, and the air flow with higher speed is easier to enter the balance groove or the balance screw hole. Once a portion of the airflow enters the balance groove or balance screw hole, the velocity of the latter airflow is relatively slowed down, creating a pressure gradient, thereby inducing rotation of the airflow, creating a vortex. In addition, when the air flow passes through the balance groove or the balance screw hole, a negative pressure area is formed around the balance groove or the balance screw hole, and the rotation and the vortex formation of the air flow are further promoted. Along with the generation of vortex, the flow state and the movement direction of the air flow can be changed, and the influence on the energy efficiency of the turbine unit cannot be ignored. The vortices increase frictional resistance and energy loss of the airflow, resulting in reduced operating efficiency of the device. For thermal power generating units such as gas turbines, the influence of vortex on energy efficiency is more remarkable, and the economic and environmental benefits of equipment are also related.
Therefore, in the invention, the balance holes 3 and the balance plugs with different weights are arranged, and in the high-speed dynamic balance process, the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 with different weights are used for adjusting the mounting positions along the circumferential direction, so that the mass distribution is adjusted to realize the correction of the rotor mass unbalance. The balance plugs are arranged in each balance hole 3, so that vortex caused by the fact that air flows pass through the section is avoided, flow field disorder is caused, and air flow energy efficiency of the steam turbine is guaranteed.
As another specific embodiment, the first balance plug 4 has a length greater than the second balance plug 5. By adopting designs with different lengths, the precision and stability can be ensured, and the processing cost can be saved. In addition, the device can be conveniently observed during installation and replacement.
As another specific embodiment, the top surfaces of the heads of the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are flush with the outer circle of the rotating shaft 1. Because the air flow needs to flow on the surface of the rotor in the working process of the steam turbine, the air flow can be smoother when the top surfaces of the heads of the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are flush with the outer circle of the rotating shaft 1, friction and turbulence resistance are reduced, flow resistance is reduced, energy loss caused by the change of the air flow direction through concave-convex parts is reduced, and the working efficiency and performance of the rotor of the steam turbine are improved.
As another specific embodiment, the first balance plug 4 or the second balance plug 5 is screwed into the balance hole 3. The fastening performance of screw thread installation is more firm than fixed modes such as traditional bolt, retainer plate, can avoid effectively because the counter weight vibrations or high-speed rotatory in-process not hard up trouble that leads to improve security and reliability. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional fixing mode, the screw thread installation mode is more convenient for changing dynamic balance.
As another specific embodiment, the screw tops of the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are respectively provided with a rotating part. The axial positions of the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 can be conveniently adjusted by the rotating part. Further, the rotating part is arranged on the screw rod, so that the balance plug can be completely rotated into the balance hole 3 and kept flush with the surface of the rotating shaft 1, and the protruding part is prevented from affecting the air flow. The rotating part can be a structure which can play a role in screwing, such as a straight head, a cross head, a hexagon head and the like.
As another specific embodiment, the plurality of balance holes 3 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 1. The purpose of rotor counter weight is in order to balance rotor center of mass, along rotor circumference evenly distributed balancing hole 3 can be preliminary make the balanced atress of rotor when high-speed rotation, avoid local vibration too big. The balance holes 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, so that the weighted mass is uniformly distributed, the weighting effect of the balance holes 3 is ensured to reach the optimal effect, and the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 which are required to be adjusted in the fake position can be calculated conveniently.
A dynamic balance weight method for a steam turbine rotor comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively presetting a first balance plug 4 and a second balance plug 5 in a balance hole 3 before high-speed dynamic balance of a rotor;
and 2, in the high-speed dynamic balancing process, replacing the first balance plug 4 in the balance hole 3 with the second balance plug 5 or replacing the second balance plug 5 in the balance hole 3 with the first balance plug 4.
According to the invention, the balance holes 3 and the balance plugs with different weights are arranged, and in the high-speed dynamic balance process, the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 with different weights are used for adjusting the mounting positions along the circumferential direction, so that the mass distribution is adjusted, and the correction of the rotor mass unbalance is realized. The balance plugs are arranged in each balance hole 3, so that vortex caused by the fact that air flows pass through the section is avoided, flow field disorder is caused, and air flow energy efficiency of the steam turbine is guaranteed.
As another specific embodiment, in step 1, the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are set at a preset time interval. Before the rotor is in high-speed dynamic balance, the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are arranged at intervals. The turbine rotor rotates at a high speed, if the symmetrical arrangement is not considered when the balance plug is installed, excessive unbalanced mass is easy to occur, the rotation unbalanced force is increased instantaneously, the mechanical structure is deformed, the unbalanced force generates vibration and noise, and the flying accident is caused when serious. Therefore, in the initial stage of a high-speed dynamic balance test, the added mass on the rotor needs to be initially balanced, so that the mass is uniformly distributed, unbalance force and vibration noise are reduced, and the operation safety and stability of the steam turbine are improved. In addition, the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are arranged at intervals, so that a worker can be helped to better determine an unbalance point, the weight is purposefully weighted or lightened, the unbalance amount is controlled within a reasonable range, and the dynamic balance effect is improved.
As another specific embodiment, in step 2, the second balance plug 5 in the balance hole 3 is replaced with the first balance plug 4 according to the requirement of weight gain required somewhere during dynamic balance; alternatively, the first balance plug 4 in the balance hole 3 is replaced with the second balance plug 5 according to the weight reduction requirement required somewhere in the dynamic balance.
As another specific embodiment, in step 2, the surface of the first balance plug 4 or the second balance plug 5 is kept flush with the rotating shaft 1 before and after replacement. It is ensured that only the weight in the balance hole 3 is changed before and after replacement, and the change of the air flow outside the rotating shaft 1 is not caused.
The invention discloses a dynamic balance weight structure of a steam turbine rotor and a weight balancing method, wherein steam flow enters radially and flows through a moving blade 2 along the axial direction of the rotor, a certain number of balance screw holes are uniformly formed in the radial section of a rotating shaft 1, a first balance plug 4 and a second balance plug 5 are arranged in the balance screw holes before the rotor is in high-speed dynamic balance, the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are arranged at intervals, the difference between the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 is only different in length, and the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 are flush with the outer circle of the rotating shaft 1 after being arranged. In the high-speed dynamic balance process, the mass distribution can be adjusted by adjusting the adding positions of the first balance plug 4 and the second balance plug 5 along the circumferential direction so as to realize the correction of the rotor mass unbalance. The method can better solve the problem of unbalanced rotor quality on the premise of not generating steam flow loss.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. A turbine rotor dynamic balance weight structure, its characterized in that: the rotary shaft (1), a plurality of balance holes (3) have been seted up along circumference to pivot (1), detachable is equipped with first balanced stopper (4) or second balance Heng Sai (5) in balance holes (3), the weight of first balanced stopper (4) is greater than second balance Heng Sai (5).
2. The turbine rotor dynamic balance weight structure of claim 1, wherein: the first balanced plug (4) has a length greater than the second flat Heng Sai (5).
3. The turbine rotor dynamic balance weight structure of claim 1, wherein: the top surfaces of the heads of the first balance plug (4) and the second balance plug Heng Sai (5) are flush with the outer circle of the rotating shaft (1).
4. The turbine rotor dynamic balance weight structure of claim 1, wherein: the first balance plug (4) or the second balance plate Heng Sai (5) is screwed into the balance hole (3).
5. The turbine rotor dynamic balance weight structure of claim 4, wherein: the screw tops of the first balance plug (4) and the second balance plug Heng Sai (5) are respectively provided with a rotating part.
6. The turbine rotor dynamic balance weight structure of claim 1, wherein: the balance holes (3) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (1).
7. A dynamic balance weight method for a steam turbine rotor comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively presetting a first balance plug (4) and a second balance Heng Sai (5) in a balance hole (3) before high-speed dynamic balance of a rotor;
and 2, in the high-speed dynamic balancing process, replacing the first balance plug (4) in the balance hole (3) with the second balance Heng Sai (5) or replacing the second balance plug (5) in the balance hole (3) with the first balance plug (4).
8. The method for balancing dynamic balance of a steam turbine rotor according to claim 7, wherein: in step 1, the first balance plug (4) and the second balance plug Heng Sai (5) are arranged at preset time intervals.
9. The method for balancing dynamic balance of a steam turbine rotor according to claim 7, wherein: in the step 2, according to the requirement of weight gain needed by a certain place during dynamic balance, replacing a second balance plug (5) in the balance hole (3) with a first balance plug (4); alternatively, the first balance plug (4) in the balance hole (3) is replaced with the second balance Heng Sai (5) according to the weight reduction requirement required somewhere during dynamic balance.
10. The method for balancing dynamic balance of a steam turbine rotor according to claim 7, wherein: in the step 2, the surfaces of the first balance plug (4) or the second balance Heng Sai (5) before and after replacement are kept flush with the rotating shaft (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311426419.9A CN117365662A (en) | 2023-10-31 | 2023-10-31 | Dynamic balance weight structure and weight method for steam turbine rotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311426419.9A CN117365662A (en) | 2023-10-31 | 2023-10-31 | Dynamic balance weight structure and weight method for steam turbine rotor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117365662A true CN117365662A (en) | 2024-01-09 |
Family
ID=89396351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311426419.9A Pending CN117365662A (en) | 2023-10-31 | 2023-10-31 | Dynamic balance weight structure and weight method for steam turbine rotor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117365662A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-10-31 CN CN202311426419.9A patent/CN117365662A/en active Pending
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