CN117364084A - Surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and testing method for crankshaft connecting rod neck - Google Patents
Surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and testing method for crankshaft connecting rod neck Download PDFInfo
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- CN117364084A CN117364084A CN202311120523.5A CN202311120523A CN117364084A CN 117364084 A CN117364084 A CN 117364084A CN 202311120523 A CN202311120523 A CN 202311120523A CN 117364084 A CN117364084 A CN 117364084A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004624 confocal microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F4/00—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft connecting rod manufacturing, in particular to a surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and a testing method for a crankshaft connecting rod neck, comprising the following steps of: step one, preprocessing; step two, clamping parts; step three, using a vacuum pump to vacuumize the vacuum chamber of the electron beam machine; step four, opening an electron gun switch to enable electron beam current to be focused, wherein the electron gun is always constant from the highest point of a connecting rod neck bus in the moving process of a non-coaxial connecting rod neck; step five, modifying the technological parameters of the electron beam machine, and applying deflection current to the deflection coil to enable the beam current to act on the top of the connecting rod neck in an annular mode; step six, processing the next section of the crankshaft connecting rod; and seventhly, repeating the step six to finish the surface strengthening and polishing treatment of the whole crankshaft connecting rod neck. In the electron beam treatment process, the structure and the performance of the invention are kept constant, and the requirement of certain toughness in the crankshaft is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft connecting rod manufacturing, in particular to a surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and a testing method for a crankshaft connecting rod neck.
Background
The crankshaft is a key part of the engine, and the connecting rod neck part in the crankshaft is contacted with the connecting rod in the operation process, and the connecting rod neck works under alternating load to bear impact load and friction effect. Therefore, the middle part of the connecting rod neck needs to have certain toughness, and the surface has higher strength and smoothness. The existing connecting rod neck treatment process mostly adopts the grinding treatment after induction quenching, but under the composite process treatment, the internal stress is easy to be overlapped, and then the defects such as microcracks and the like are induced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and a testing method for a crankshaft connecting rod neck, which can effectively improve the surface hardness, wear resistance and smoothness.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a surface strengthening and polishing treatment method for a crankshaft connecting rod neck comprises the following steps:
firstly, preprocessing, and performing ultrasonic cleaning on a crankshaft connecting rod;
clamping a part, namely clamping a crankshaft connecting rod on a rotary clamp, placing the rotary clamp on a lifting and translating carrying platform in a vacuum chamber of an electron beam machine, and placing the highest point of a first section connecting rod neck edge bus under an electron gun through horizontal movement;
step three, using a vacuum pump to vacuumize the vacuum chamber of the electron beam machine;
step four, setting technological parameters of an electron beam machine, starting an electron gun switch, enabling electron beam current to be focused to the highest point of a beam spot with the diameter of 1mm and a connecting rod neck bus, starting a rotary clamp and a carrying platform, enabling the rotary clamp and the carrying platform to ascend and descend and move back and forth synchronously, enabling the highest point of the electron gun to be always constant from the connecting rod neck bus in the rotating process of a non-coaxial connecting rod neck, enabling the beam spot area and the energy density to be unchanged, enabling the carrying platform to move horizontally slowly in the beam descending process, and completing scanning of a first section of connecting rod neck;
step five, changing a beam flow-down mode, modifying technological parameters of the electron beam machine, applying deflection current to a deflection coil to enable the beam flow to act on the top of a connecting rod neck in an annular mode, wherein the lifting implementation process of a rotating clamp and a carrying platform is the same as that of the step four in the scanning process, and the horizontal moving direction is opposite to that of the step four;
stopping electron beam, horizontally and rapidly moving the carrier to enable the highest point of the bus at the edge of the neck of the next section of the crankshaft connecting rod to be arranged under the electron gun, and repeating the fourth step and the fifth step
And seventhly, repeating the step six, and carrying out surface strengthening and polishing treatment on the subsequent connecting rod neck, thereby finally completing the surface strengthening and polishing treatment of the whole crankshaft connecting rod neck.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, in the third step, the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber of the electron beam machine is 6×10 -2 Pa。
Further, in the fourth step, the set process parameters of the electron beam process are as follows: the electron beam acceleration voltage is 60kV, the focusing current is 390mA, the acceleration current is 10mA, the rotation speed is 4r/min, the horizontal movement speed of the carrier is 5mm/s, the diameter of the circular beam spot is 1mm, and the lifting speed is 2-10mm/s.
Further, in the fifth step, the set process parameters of the electron beam process are as follows: the electron beam accelerating voltage is 60kV, the focusing current is 390mA, the accelerating current is 3mA, the rotating speed is 4r/min, the horizontal moving speed of the carrier is 5mm/s, the diameter of the annular beam spot inner ring is 3mm, the diameter of the annular beam spot outer ring is 5mm, and the lifting speed is 2-10mm/s.
Further, the lifting speed is controlled by a positive feedback system to ensure that the highest point of the electron gun from the connecting rod neck bus is always constant.
The invention also provides a testing method after the surface strengthening and polishing treatment of the crankshaft connecting rod neck, which comprises the following steps: observing the surface layer section microstructure after electron beam treatment by using a field emission Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); measuring the hardness of the surface layer by adopting a microhardness meter, applying a load of 9.8N for 15s, measuring a plurality of data on the surface of a sample, and taking the average value of the data as the microhardness data of the surface; and (3) characterizing the whole surface morphology of the front and rear connecting rod necks of the electron beam by adopting a laser confocal microscope, and outputting the surface roughness, the three-dimensional morphology and the profile curve of the observation area.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention adopts a method of combining a focusing mode lower beam and an annular mode lower beam to respectively carry out surface strengthening and polishing treatment on the crankshaft connecting rod neck. The surface of the connecting rod neck can reach the melting point rapidly by focusing, the thickness of the melting layer can reach more than 0.8mm, and the melting area of the connecting rod neck can be cooled rapidly along with the rotation of the crankshaft and the translation of the carrying platform. Under the action of the rapid heating and quenching, the 45MnV steel can form a fine needle-shaped martensitic structure, so that the effect of improving the surface hardness is achieved. The surface of the connecting rod neck is slightly melted through annular lower beam, and the penetration depth is about 0.1mm. Under the combined action of gravity and rotation tangential force in the micro-melting state, the molten metal flows fully, and spontaneously fills the pits, so that the self-polishing effect is achieved. In addition, the annular lower beam realizes micro-melting treatment, has tempering effect, can reduce internal stress generated by the focusing lower beam strengthening layer, and reduces the generation of defects such as microcracks and the like.
The electron beam surface strengthening compound polishing is carried out in an electron beam vacuum chamber, the requirement of multiple performance indexes of the connecting rod neck can be rapidly met by a single process of equipment, and the vacuum processing environment further ensures that the connecting rod neck is free from pollution such as oxidization and the like.
During electron beam treatment, a continuous "solid-liquid-solid" transition occurs through the surface of the connecting rod neck, while the interior of the connecting rod neck is at substantially normal temperature. The structure and the performance are kept constant, and certain toughness requirements inside the crankshaft are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional topography of the original connecting rod neck surface in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional topography of the treated surface of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic cross-sectional view of the treated surface of the present invention, wherein the upper gray lines in the drawing are the treated surface effects;
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an X-type six-cylinder 45MnV steel crankshaft (six cylinders are six connecting rod necks to be processed) is taken as an example. The technological indexes of the crankshaft for the connecting rod neck are as follows: the hardness of the surface effective hardening layer is required to be higher than 400HV0.1, the thickness is required to be higher than 2.7mm, and the surface roughness Ra value is required to be lower than 0.8 mu m.
Firstly, preprocessing, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on a 45MnV steel crankshaft;
clamping a part, namely clamping a 45MnV steel crankshaft connecting rod on a rotary clamp, placing the rotary clamp on a lifting and translating carrying platform in a vacuum chamber of an electron beam machine, and placing the highest point of a first section connecting rod neck edge bus under an electron gun through horizontal movement;
step three: vacuum pumping the electron beam machine vacuum chamber with vacuum degree of 6×10 -2 Pa；
Step four: and (3) setting technological parameters of the electron beam machine, starting an electron gun switch to enable electron beam current to be focused, wherein a beam spot with the diameter of 1mm acts on the highest point of a connecting rod neck bus. Simultaneously, the rotating clamp and the carrying platform are started, so that the lifting and the forward and backward movement of the rotating clamp and the carrying platform are synchronous, the highest point of the electron gun from the connecting rod neck bus is always constant in the rotating process of the non-coaxial connecting rod neck, and the beam spot area and the energy density are unchanged. In the process of beam-down, the carrier slowly and horizontally moves to finish the scanning (strengthening treatment) of the first section of connecting rod neck, and the set process parameters of the electron beam process are as follows: the electron beam acceleration voltage is 60kV, the focusing current is 390mA, the acceleration current is 10mA, the rotation speed is 4r/min, the horizontal movement speed of the carrier is 5mm/s, the diameter of the circular beam spot is 1mm, the up-and-down movement speed of the carrier corresponds to the height change rate of the connecting rod neck in the rotation process, the real-time change of the parameter is controlled in real time through a positive feedback system, and the up-and-down movement speed is 2-10mm/s;
fifthly, changing a beam-down beam mode, and modifying the technological parameters of the electron beam machine, wherein the set technological parameters of the electron beam machine are as follows: the acceleration voltage of the electron beam is 60kV, the focusing current is 390mA, the acceleration current is 3mA, the rotating speed is 4r/min, the horizontal moving speed of the carrier is 5mm/s, the diameter of the inner ring of the annular beam spot is 3mm, the diameter of the outer ring is 5mm, the up-and-down moving speed of the carrier corresponds to the height change rate of the connecting rod neck in the rotating process, the real-time change of the parameter is controlled in real time through a positive feedback system, the up-and-down moving speed is 2-10mm/s, the beam current acts on the top of the connecting rod neck in an annular mode through applying deflection current to the deflection coil, the lifting implementation process of the rotating clamp and the carrier in the scanning process is the same as that of the fourth step, and the horizontal moving direction is opposite to the fourth step;
stopping electron beam, horizontally and rapidly moving the carrier to enable the highest point of the bus at the edge of the neck of the next section of the crankshaft connecting rod to be arranged under the electron gun, and repeating the fourth step and the fifth step
And seventhly, repeating the step six, and carrying out surface strengthening and polishing treatment on the subsequent connecting rod neck, thereby finally completing the surface strengthening and polishing treatment of the whole crankshaft connecting rod neck.
The invention adopts the electron beam compound treatment technology of the focusing lower beam and the annular lower beam, the focusing lower beam can thicken the thickness of the melting area, the requirement of the connecting rod neck process is met, the annular lower beam is beneficial to realizing the polishing effect, and the micro-melting treatment can remove the surface internal stress.
The invention is used for the non-coaxial linkage carrier. The connecting rod neck is not coaxial with the clamps clamping the two sides of the crankshaft, and the carrier is required to be linked up and down, left and right and front and back in the rotation process, so that the size and the energy density of the electron beam spot acting on the top of the connecting rod neck are constant.
The invention adopts a method of combining a focusing mode lower beam and an annular mode lower beam to respectively carry out surface strengthening and polishing treatment on the six-cylinder 45MnV steel crankshaft connecting rod neck. Before the surface strengthening and polishing treatment of the connecting rod neck, the three-dimensional morphology diagram of the surface of the original connecting rod neck is shown in fig. 2, and the surface of the connecting rod neck is quickly melted by focusing, the thickness of a melting layer can reach more than 0.8mm, and the melting area of the connecting rod neck is quickly cooled along with the rotation of a crankshaft and the translation of a carrying platform. Under the action of the rapid heating and quenching, the 45MnV steel can form a fine needle-shaped martensitic structure, so that the effect of improving the surface hardness is achieved. The surface of the connecting rod neck is slightly melted through annular lower beam, and the penetration depth is about 0.1mm. Under the combined action of gravity and rotation tangential force in the micro-melting state, molten metal flows fully and fills the pits spontaneously, so that a self-polishing effect is achieved, and the specific effect is shown in figures 3 and 4. In addition, the annular lower beam realizes micro-melting treatment, has tempering effect, can reduce internal stress generated by the focusing lower beam strengthening layer and reduce the generation of defects such as microcracks, and in fig. 2 and 3, X, Y, Z represents three-dimensional directions, and data units in the drawings are micrometers.
The electron beam surface strengthening compound polishing is carried out in an electron beam vacuum chamber, the requirement of multiple performance indexes of the connecting rod neck can be rapidly met by a single process of equipment, and the vacuum processing environment further ensures that the connecting rod neck is free from pollution such as oxidization and the like.
During electron beam treatment, a continuous "solid-liquid-solid" transition occurs through the surface of the connecting rod neck, while the interior of the connecting rod neck is at substantially normal temperature. The structure and the performance are kept constant, and certain toughness requirements inside the crankshaft are met.
In this embodiment, the structure and performance test of the connecting rod neck after electron beam treatment is performed, and the specific method is as follows: and (3) observing the surface layer section microstructure after electron beam treatment by using a Gemini SEM 300 type field emission Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The hardness of the surface layer is measured by adopting an HDX-1000TM type microhardness meter, and the loading time is 15s after 9.8N of load is applied. Five data were measured on the sample surface, and the average value was used as the surface microhardness data. And (3) characterizing the whole surface morphology of the front and rear connecting rod necks of the electron beam by adopting an OLS4100 type laser confocal microscope, and outputting the surface roughness, the three-dimensional morphology and the profile curve of the observation area.
The 45MnV steel connecting rod neck surface in this example was tested to be divided into a molten zone and a heat affected zone, wherein the molten zone had a thickness of about 1.2mm and the heat affected zone had a thickness of about 2.5mm. The hardness of the melting layer is relatively stable to be about 740+/-60HV0.1, which is far higher than the requirement of an effective hardening layer on the surface of the connecting rod neck, the hardness of a heat affected zone is gradually reduced to 240HV0.1 of the original hardness along with the increase of the depth, and the thickness of the effective hardening layer can reach 3.2mm. The highest hardness of the 45MnV steel connecting rod neck surface obtained by induction quenching is about 700HV0.1, and the microhardness is rapidly reduced to below 400HV0.1 along with the increase of the depth of the hardening layer, and the effective hardening layer thickness is about 2.8mm-4mm. Microscopic observation shows that the melting area is mainly made of fine needle-shaped martensite, and the heat affected zone is made of martensite and ferrite. Therefore, under the action of fine grain strengthening, the hardness of the 45MnV steel connecting rod neck after electron beam treatment and the thickness index of the hardening layer meet the process requirements, and the hardness of the surface layer is larger than the induction quenching numerical value and is uniformly distributed.
As a result of laser confocal microscopy, the roughness Ra value of the untreated connecting rod neck is about 2.7+/-0.4 mu m, and the surface roughness Ra value is reduced to 0.4+/-0.08 mu m after the ring-shaped electron beam remelting treatment. Is far lower than the roughness process index.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "inner", "outer", "peripheral side", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The surface strengthening and polishing treatment method for the crankshaft connecting rod neck is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, preprocessing, and performing ultrasonic cleaning on a crankshaft connecting rod;
clamping a part, namely clamping a crankshaft connecting rod on a rotary clamp, placing the rotary clamp on a lifting and translating carrying platform in a vacuum chamber of an electron beam machine, and placing the highest point of a first section connecting rod neck edge bus under an electron gun through horizontal movement;
step three, using a vacuum pump to vacuumize the vacuum chamber of the electron beam machine;
step four, setting technological parameters of an electron beam machine, starting an electron gun switch, enabling electron beam current to be focused to the highest point of a beam spot with the diameter of 1mm and a connecting rod neck bus, starting a rotary clamp and a carrying platform, enabling the rotary clamp and the carrying platform to ascend and descend and move back and forth synchronously, enabling the highest point of the electron gun to be always constant from the connecting rod neck bus in the rotating process of a non-coaxial connecting rod neck, enabling the beam spot area and the energy density to be unchanged, enabling the carrying platform to move horizontally slowly in the beam descending process, and completing scanning of a first section of connecting rod neck;
step five, changing a beam flow-down mode, modifying technological parameters of the electron beam machine, applying deflection current to a deflection coil to enable the beam flow to act on the top of a connecting rod neck in an annular mode, wherein the lifting implementation process of a rotating clamp and a carrying platform is the same as that of the step four in the scanning process, and the horizontal moving direction is opposite to that of the step four;
stopping electron beam discharging, horizontally and rapidly moving the carrier to enable the highest point of the bus at the edge of the neck of the next section of the crankshaft connecting rod to be arranged under the electron gun, and repeating the fourth step and the fifth step;
and seventhly, repeating the step six, and carrying out surface strengthening and polishing treatment on the subsequent connecting rod neck, thereby finally completing the surface strengthening and polishing treatment of the whole crankshaft connecting rod neck.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the third step, the vacuum degree in the electron beam machine vacuum chamber is 6×10 -2 Pa。
3. The method for strengthening and polishing a surface of a connecting rod neck of a crankshaft according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the set process parameters of the electron beam machine are as follows: the electron beam acceleration voltage is 60kV, the focusing current is 390mA, the acceleration current is 10mA, the rotation speed is 4r/min, the horizontal movement speed of the carrier is 5mm/s, the diameter of the circular beam spot is 1mm, and the lifting speed is 2-10mm/s.
4. The method for strengthening and polishing a surface of a connecting rod neck of a crankshaft according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the set process parameters of the electron beam machine are as follows: the electron beam accelerating voltage is 60kV, the focusing current is 390mA, the accelerating current is 3mA, the rotating speed is 4r/min, the horizontal moving speed of the carrier is 5mm/s, the diameter of the annular beam spot inner ring is 3mm, the diameter of the annular beam spot outer ring is 5mm, and the lifting speed is 2-10mm/s.
5. The method for strengthening and polishing a surface of a connecting rod neck of a crankshaft according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the lifting speed is controlled by a positive feedback system to ensure that the distance between the electron gun and the highest point of the connecting rod neck bus is always constant.
6. The method for testing the surface strengthening and polishing of the connecting rod neck of the crankshaft is characterized by comprising the following steps of: observing the surface layer section microstructure after electron beam treatment by adopting a field emission scanning electron microscope; measuring the hardness of the surface layer by adopting a microhardness meter, applying a load of 9.8N for 15s, measuring a plurality of data on the surface of a sample, and taking the average value of the data as the microhardness data of the surface; and (3) characterizing the whole surface morphology of the front and rear connecting rod necks of the electron beam by adopting a laser confocal microscope, and outputting the surface roughness, the three-dimensional morphology and the profile curve of the observation area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311120523.5A CN117364084A (en) | 2023-09-01 | 2023-09-01 | Surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and testing method for crankshaft connecting rod neck |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311120523.5A CN117364084A (en) | 2023-09-01 | 2023-09-01 | Surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and testing method for crankshaft connecting rod neck |
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| CN117364084A true CN117364084A (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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| CN202311120523.5A Pending CN117364084A (en) | 2023-09-01 | 2023-09-01 | Surface strengthening and polishing treatment method and testing method for crankshaft connecting rod neck |
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- 2023-09-01 CN CN202311120523.5A patent/CN117364084A/en active Pending
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