CN117359378A

CN117359378A - Five-axis linkage machining center

Info

Publication number: CN117359378A
Application number: CN202311657807.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈飞跃; 贺永芳; 黄华锋
Original assignee: Primula Machine Tool Dongguan Co ltd
Current assignee: Primula Machine Tool Dongguan Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-06
Filing date: 2023-12-06
Publication date: 2024-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2043-12-06
Also published as: CN117359378B

Abstract

The invention discloses a five-axis linkage machining center, which relates to the technical field of machining centers, wherein a workpiece placing table capable of rotating around an X axis and a Z axis is arranged in a machining cavity, a first base capable of sliding along the X axis is arranged above the workpiece placing table, a second base capable of sliding along a Y axis is arranged at the bottom of the first base, a third base capable of sliding along the Z axis is arranged on the second base, a cutter mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the third base, a cutter head is detachably arranged on the cutter mounting seat, a driving part is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the machining cavity, a first motor is fixedly arranged on a mounting frame body, a bidirectional threaded shaft is connected to the first motor, two symmetrically arranged sliding blocks are in threaded connection with the bidirectional threaded shaft, a cutter is fixedly arranged on the sliding blocks, and a monitoring probe and a PLC (programmable logic controller) are also arranged on the inner side wall of the machining cavity. According to the invention, the cleaning mechanism is arranged, so that the working state of the cutter head can be monitored in real time, filiform metal scraps wound on the surface of the cutter head can be timely removed, and the processing quality of a product is ensured.

Description

Five-axis linkage machining center

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining centers, in particular to a five-axis linkage machining center.

Background

In the prior art, as disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN113334098B, a high-speed five-axis machining center is disclosed, when the high-speed five-axis machining center cuts a workpiece, a cutting tool is located between two symmetrically arranged electromagnets, and magnetic force generated by the electromagnets adsorbs scrap iron, so that the scrap iron is prevented from splashing, the internal working environment of the high-speed five-axis machining center is polluted, meanwhile, the damage of the scrap iron to the internal parts of the high-speed five-axis machining center is avoided, and the service life of the high-speed five-axis machining center is prolonged.

However, the technical scheme has the following defects: because the lathe can produce filiform metal piece on work piece surface when carrying out cutting processing, and then twine at the cutter head in the cutter rotation in-process, be difficult to by blowing off, and piece is along with the synchronous pivoted in-process of cutter, scrapes the work piece surface easily, leads to the product appearance defect to appear.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a five-axis linkage machining center, which can monitor the working state of a cutter head in real time and timely remove filiform metal scraps wound on the surface of the cutter head by arranging a cleaning mechanism, so that the machining quality of a product is ensured.

To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a five-axis linkage machining center which comprises a machine shell, wherein a machining cavity is arranged in the machine shell, a workpiece placing table capable of rotating around an X axis and a Z axis is arranged in the machining cavity, a first base capable of sliding along the X axis is arranged above the workpiece placing table, a second base capable of sliding along a Y axis is arranged at the bottom of the first base, a third base capable of sliding along the Z axis is arranged on the second base, a cutter mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the third base, a cutter head is detachably arranged on the cutter mounting seat, a cleaning mechanism is further arranged in the machining cavity, the cleaning mechanism comprises a driving part, a mounting frame body, a first motor, a bidirectional threaded shaft, a sliding block, a cutting knife, a monitoring probe and a PLC controller, the driving part is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the machining cavity and used for driving the mounting frame body to move, the first motor is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame body, the bidirectional threaded shaft is connected with the bidirectional threaded shaft, the cutting knife is fixedly arranged on the sliding block, the inner side wall of the machining cavity is further provided with the monitoring probe and the PLC controller, and the driving part, the first motor and the monitoring probe and the PLC controller are electrically connected.

In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the driving part comprises an annular sliding rail, a sliding seat, a walking motor, a first friction wheel and a first electric push rod, wherein the annular sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the processing cavity, the sliding seat is connected to the annular sliding rail in a sliding manner, the walking motor is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat, the first friction wheel is connected with a power output shaft of the walking motor, the first friction wheel is in friction connection with the annular sliding rail, the first electric push rod is also transversely fixedly arranged on the sliding seat, and the output end of the first electric push rod is connected with the mounting frame.

In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the cleaning mechanism further comprises a debris cleaning assembly, the debris cleaning assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, a cross rod, a hairbrush roller, a second motor and a miniature cylinder, the first rotating shaft is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bidirectional threaded shaft and fixedly arranged on the mounting frame, the cross rod is rotationally connected on the first rotating shaft, one end of the cross rod, which is close to the workpiece placing table, is rotationally connected with the hairbrush roller, the cross rod is further provided with the second motor for driving the hairbrush roller to rotate, the other end of the cross rod is hinged with the output end of the miniature cylinder, and the fixed end of the miniature cylinder is hinged on the mounting frame.

In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the side, away from the workpiece placing table, of the cross rod is provided with comb teeth for cleaning metal scraps on the brush roller.

In a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the first rotating shaft is arranged at a trisection point of one side of the cross rod, which is close to the micro cylinder.

In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, a spraying assembly is further arranged in the processing cavity, the spraying assembly comprises a water storage tank, a water pump, a rubber hose and a spray nozzle, the water storage tank is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the processing cavity, a water injection port of the water storage tank extends out of the shell, the water pump is fixedly arranged on the water storage tank, the spray nozzle is fixedly arranged on the cutter mounting seat, the spray nozzle is aligned to the cutter head, and the spray nozzle is communicated with the water pump through the rubber hose.

In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, a conveying belt is obliquely arranged below the workpiece placing table, a collecting box is arranged at the lower end of the conveying belt, a scrap filter screen is obliquely arranged in the collecting box, a scraper is arranged at an opening of the collecting box, and one end of the scraper is abutted with the conveying belt.

In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, more than two blowers are arranged above the spray head, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the bottom of the collecting box, and the other end of the exhaust pipe extends out of the machine shell.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

according to the five-axis linkage machining center, the cleaning mechanism is arranged, so that the working state of the cutter head can be monitored in real time, filiform metal fragments wound on the surface of the cutter head can be timely cleaned, the machining quality of a product is guaranteed, and the arranged fragment cleaning assembly can clean the cutter head after the cutter cuts off the filiform metal fragments, and the adhered residual fragments are cleaned off; the spraying subassembly that sets up can cool down work piece and cutter head surface, also can make the metal dust subside in the processing chamber simultaneously, and the air-blower setting is in the top of shower nozzle simultaneously, can blow water smoke and metal dust below, makes it by blast pipe department discharge to avoid adhesion on the slide rail of first base, second base and third base after the metal piece come-up.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a five-axis linkage machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction B-B in fig. 2.

In the figure:

1. a housing; 11. a processing chamber; 2. a workpiece placement table; 3. a first base; 4. a second base; 5. a third base; 6. a cutter mounting seat; 7. a cutter head; 8. a cleaning mechanism; 81. a driving section; 811. an annular slide rail; 812. a sliding seat; 813. a walking motor; 814. a first friction wheel; 815. a first electric push rod; 82. installing a frame body; 83. a first motor; 84. a bidirectional threaded shaft; 85. a slide block; 86. a cutting knife; 87. monitoring a probe; 88. a PLC controller; 89. a debris sweeping assembly; 891. a first rotating shaft; 892. a cross bar; 893. a brush roller; 894. a second motor; 895. a micro cylinder; 896. comb teeth; 9. a spray assembly; 901. a water storage tank; 902. a water pump; 903. a rubber hose; 904. a spray head; 905. a conveyor belt; 906. a collection box; 907. a debris filter screen; 908. a scraper; 909. a blower; 910. and an exhaust pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in the embodiment, a five-axis linkage machining center is provided, which comprises a machine shell 1, a machining cavity 11 is arranged in the machine shell 1, a workpiece placing table 2 capable of rotating around an X axis and a Z axis is arranged in the machining cavity 11, a first base 3 capable of sliding along the X axis is arranged above the workpiece placing table 2, a second base 4 capable of sliding along a Y axis is arranged at the bottom of the first base 3, a third base 5 capable of sliding along the Z axis is arranged on the second base 4, a cutter mounting seat 6 is arranged at the bottom of the third base 5, a cutter head 7 is detachably arranged on the cutter mounting seat 6, a cleaning mechanism 8 is further arranged in the machining cavity 11, the cleaning mechanism 8 comprises a driving part 81, a mounting frame 82, a first motor 83, a bidirectional thread shaft 84, a sliding block 85, a cutter 86, a monitoring probe 87 and a PLC controller 88, the driving part 81 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the machining cavity 11 and is used for driving the mounting frame 82 to move, the first motor 83 is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 82, the cutter mounting frame 83 is connected with the bidirectional thread shaft 84, the two symmetrical thread probes 85 are fixedly connected with the two monitoring probes 85, and the inner side wall of the monitoring probe is further provided with the PLC controller 88, and the two monitoring probes are electrically connected with the PLC controller 88. In this embodiment, the workpiece placement table 2 is provided with a clamping member, so that the workpiece can be fixedly mounted on the workpiece placement table 2. The first base 3 is transversely arranged in the processing cavity 11, the first base 3 is connected to the front side wall and the rear side wall of the processing cavity 11 in a sliding mode and used for controlling the cutter head 7 to move along the X-axis direction, the second base 4 is used for controlling the cutter head 7 to move along the Y-axis direction, the third base 5 is used for controlling the cutter head 7 to move along the Z-axis direction, the workpiece placing table 2, the first base 3, the second base 4 and the third base 5 are matched in a matched mode, the positions of the cutter head 7 can be adjusted randomly, processing of different parts of a workpiece is achieved, and processing precision is higher. A cleaning mechanism 8 is provided for cleaning the wire-like metal chips wound on the cutter head 7. The PLC controller 88 can receive the image information from the monitoring probe 87, analyze and process the image information to obtain the position of the tool head 7, and further control the driving part 81 to drive the mounting frame 82 to move to a position aligned with the tool head 7, so as to avoid interference with the workpiece; the installation frame 82 is a rectangular frame, the first motor 83 is fixedly arranged at the center of the top of the installation frame 82, the first motor 83 is used for driving the bidirectional threaded shaft 84 to rotate, two sections of threads with opposite spiral directions are arranged on the bidirectional threaded shaft 84, each section of threads is in threaded connection with one of the sliding blocks 85, and therefore the bidirectional threaded shaft 84 can drive the two sliding blocks 85 to be close to or far away from each other when rotating; the free ends of the two cutting knives 86 can be abutted against the side face of the cutter head 7, so that when the cutting knives 86 are mutually close, the filiform metal fragments wound on the cutter head 7 can be cut off, so that the filiform metal fragments fall off, and the cutter head 7 can work normally; the PLC controller 88 can also recognize whether the wire-shaped metal chips are wound on the cutter head 7 or not based on the image information of the monitoring probe 87, and if so, control the first motor 83 to be started, otherwise, not start the first motor 83.

Specifically, the driving portion 81 includes an annular slide rail 811, a slide seat 812, a traveling motor 813, a first friction wheel 814 and a first electric push rod 815, the annular slide rail 811 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the processing cavity 11, the annular slide rail 811 is slidably connected with the slide seat 812, the traveling motor 813 is fixedly arranged on the slide seat 812, the first friction wheel 814 is connected with a power output shaft of the traveling motor 813, the first friction wheel 814 is in friction connection with the annular slide rail 811, the slide seat 812 is also transversely fixedly provided with the first electric push rod 815, and an output end of the first electric push rod 815 is connected with the mounting frame 82. In the present embodiment, the annular slide rail 811 is located above the work placement stage 2, and the work placement stage 2 is located at the center inside the annular slide rail 811. The traveling motor 813 can drive the first friction wheel 814 to rotate, and then the sliding seat 812 is driven to move along the annular sliding rail 811 by friction force, so as to adjust the position of the mounting frame 82, and the mounting frame 82 is always located on one side of the cutter head 7 away from the workpiece placement table 2, so that interference is prevented. The first electric push rod 815 is a telescopic structure and is used for adjusting the distance between the mounting frame 82 and the cutter head 7, so that the cutter 86 can be controlled to be far away from the cutter head 7 when the cutter head 7 is not wound with filiform metal scraps.

Specifically, the cleaning mechanism 8 further includes a debris cleaning assembly 89, the debris cleaning assembly 89 includes a first rotating shaft 891, a cross rod 892, a brush roller 893, a second motor 894 and a micro cylinder 895, the two-way threaded shaft 84 is provided with the first rotating shaft 891 in bilateral symmetry, and the first rotating shaft 891 is fixedly arranged on the installation frame 82, the cross rod 892 is rotationally connected to the first rotating shaft 891, one end of the cross rod 892, which is close to the workpiece placement table 2, is rotationally connected with the brush roller 893, a second motor 894 for driving the brush roller 893 to rotate is further arranged on the cross rod 892, the other end of the cross rod 892 is hinged to the output end of the micro cylinder 895, and the fixed end of the micro cylinder 895 is hinged to the installation frame 82. In this embodiment, a scrap sweeping assembly 89 is provided for cleaning the cutter head 7 after the cutting blade 86 cuts through the wire-like metal scrap, and sweeping the adhered residual scrap. The first rotating shaft 891 is vertically arranged, and the cross rod 892 can rotate around the central axis of the first rotating shaft 891, so as to control the two brush rollers 893 to be close to or far from each other; the micro cylinder 895 is a telescopic structure and is used for driving the cross rod 892 to rotate. The second motor 894 is used to drive the brush roller 893 to rotate, thereby removing debris adhering to the surface of the cutter head 7.

Specifically, the cross bar 892 is provided with a comb 896 on a side away from the workpiece placement table 2 for cleaning metal chips on the brush roller 893. In this embodiment, the comb teeth 896 are used to scrape off the chips adhering to the brush roller 893 and drop to the bottom of the processing chamber 11 along with gravity, so as to ensure the cleaning effect of the brush roller 893.

Specifically, the first pivot 891 is disposed at a trisection point on the side of the cross bar 892 adjacent the microcylinder 895. In this embodiment, the fulcrum of the lever is close to the side of the micro cylinder 895, so that the brush roller 893 is controlled to move greatly under the condition that the micro cylinder 895 moves very little.

Specifically, still be provided with spray subassembly 9 in the processing chamber 11, spray subassembly 9 includes storage water tank 901, water pump 902, rubber hose 903 and shower nozzle 904, and storage water tank 901 sets firmly on the processing chamber 11 lateral wall, and the water injection mouth of storage water tank 901 extends to casing 1 outside, and water pump 902 sets firmly on storage water tank 901, and shower nozzle 904 sets firmly on cutter mount pad 6, and shower nozzle 904 aligns cutter head 7 setting, communicates through rubber hose 903 between shower nozzle 904 and the water pump 902. In this embodiment, since the tool head 7 generates metal dust and generates a large amount of heat when the surface of the workpiece rubs, the hardness of the tool head 7 changes when the tool head is heated, and abrasion is easy to generate, and the spray assembly 9 can not only reduce dust in the processing cavity 11, but also cool the workpiece and the cutting knife 86, so that oxidation is avoided, and the service life of the tool head 7 is affected. The spray head 904 is preferably an atomization spray head, and the water tank 901 is filled with cooling water and sprayed onto the workpiece and the cutter head 7 after being atomized by the spray head 904. The rubber hose 903 is made of a rubber material and can be bent arbitrarily.

Specifically, the lower side of the workpiece placement table 2 is also obliquely provided with a conveying belt 905, the lower end of the conveying belt 905 is provided with a collecting box 906, a debris filter screen 907 is obliquely arranged in the collecting box 906, a scraper 908 is arranged at an opening of the collecting box 906, and one end of the scraper 908 is abutted with the conveying belt 905. In this embodiment, metal chips fall onto the conveyor 905 after spraying and dust fall, and then the metal chips are sent to the collection box 906 by the conveyor 905 for temporary storage. The inclined scrap filter screen 907 can separate metal scraps from cooling water, so that the purpose of recycling the cooling water is achieved. Since metal chips are easily attracted to the conveyor 905 after being soaked in water, the scraper 908 serves to scrape off the adhered chips.

Specifically, more than two blowers 909 are arranged above the spray head 904, one end of the exhaust pipe 910 is connected to the bottom of the collecting box 906, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 910 extends out of the casing 1. In this embodiment, the blower 909 is disposed above the nozzle 904, and is capable of blowing down water mist and metal dust to be discharged from the exhaust pipe 910, so as to prevent the metal dust from adhering to the slide rails of the first base 3, the second base 4 and the third base 5 after floating.

Working principle:

when the device is used, a workpiece is fixedly arranged on the workpiece placing table 2, and then the workpiece placing table 2, the first base 3, the second base 4 and the third base 5 are in linkage fit to process complex curved surfaces of the workpiece. And in the course of working, monitor probe 87 can real-time supervision cutter head 7's position, and then control walking motor 813 work, walking motor 813 drives first friction wheel 814 and then utilize frictional force drive sliding seat 812 to rotate along annular slide rail 811, make cutter 86 all the time with cutter head 7 alignment, monitor probe 87 can also monitor simultaneously and twine wire metal piece on cutter head 7, if, then control cutter head 7 stop work and move to being in coplanar department with cutter 86, then control first electric putter 815 and micro cylinder 895 work, micro cylinder 895 can drive horizontal pole 892 rotation, make two brush rollers 893 keep away from each other, and first electric putter 815 can drive mounting frame 82 and be close to cutter head 7 and make cutter 86 tip and cutter head 7 side butt, at this moment first motor 83 drives two-way screw spindle 84 rotation, make two sliders 85 and cutter 86 be close to each other, and then twine wire metal piece on cutter head 7, then first electric putter contracts and makes cutter head 7 stop work and move to be in coplanar department with cutter 86, then control first electric putter 815 and micro cylinder 895 work, micro cylinder 892 can drive horizontal pole 893 and make two brush rollers 893 keep away from each other, and make brush roller 893 rotate and keep away from each other.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The invention is not to be limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and other embodiments are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a five-axis linkage machining center, including casing (1), be provided with processing chamber (11) in casing (1), be provided with in processing chamber (11) and place platform (2) round X axle and Z axle pivoted work piece, work piece is placed platform (2) top and is provided with first base (3) that can follow X axle slidable, first base (3) bottom is provided with second base (4) that can follow Y axle slidable, be provided with on second base (4) and follow Z axle slidable third base (5), third base (5) bottom is provided with cutter mount pad (6), demountable installation has cutter head (7) on cutter mount pad (6), its characterized in that: still be provided with clearance mechanism (8) in processing chamber (11), clearance mechanism (8) include drive division (81), installation framework (82), first motor (83), two-way screw spindle (84), slider (85), cutting knife (86), monitor probe (87) and PLC controller (88), drive division (81) set firmly on processing chamber (11) lateral wall for drive installation framework (82) remove, set firmly first motor (83) on installation framework (82), be connected with two-way screw spindle (84) on first motor (83), threaded connection has slider (85) of two symmetrical arrangements on two-way screw spindle (84), cutting knife (86) have been set firmly on slider (85), still be provided with monitor probe (87) and PLC controller (88) on processing chamber (11) inside wall, and drive division (81), first motor (83) and monitor probe (87) all with PLC controller (88) electric connection.

2. The five-axis linkage machining center according to claim 1, wherein: the driving part (81) comprises an annular sliding rail (811), a sliding seat (812), a traveling motor (813), a first friction wheel (814) and a first electric push rod (815), wherein the annular sliding rail (811) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the processing cavity (11), the sliding seat (812) is connected to the annular sliding rail (811) in a sliding mode, the traveling motor (813) is fixedly arranged on the sliding seat (812), the first friction wheel (814) is connected with a power output shaft of the traveling motor (813), the first friction wheel (814) is in friction connection with the annular sliding rail (811), the first electric push rod (815) is further transversely fixedly arranged on the sliding seat (812), and the output end of the first electric push rod (815) is connected with the mounting frame body (82).

3. The five-axis linkage machining center according to claim 1, wherein: the cleaning mechanism (8) further comprises a debris cleaning assembly (89), the debris cleaning assembly (89) comprises a first rotating shaft (891), a cross rod (892), a brush roller (893), a second motor (894) and a miniature cylinder (895), the first rotating shaft (891) is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bidirectional threaded shaft (84), the first rotating shaft (891) is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame body (82), the cross rod (892) is rotationally connected to the first rotating shaft (891), the cross rod (892) is close to one end of the workpiece placement table (2) and rotationally connected with the brush roller (893), a second motor (894) for driving the brush roller (893) is further arranged on the cross rod (892), the other end of the cross rod (892) is hinged to the output end of the miniature cylinder (895), and the fixed end of the miniature cylinder (895) is hinged to the mounting frame body (82).

4. A five-axis linkage machining center according to claim 3, wherein: and a comb teeth (896) are arranged on one side of the cross rod (892) away from the workpiece placing table (2) and used for cleaning metal scraps on the brush roller (893).

5. A five-axis linkage machining center according to claim 3, wherein: the first rotating shaft (891) is arranged at a trisection point of one side of the cross rod (892) close to the micro cylinder (895).

6. The five-axis linkage machining center according to claim 1, wherein: still be provided with spray subassembly (9) in processing chamber (11), spray subassembly (9) are including storage water tank (901), water pump (902), rubber hose (903) and shower nozzle (904), and storage water tank (901) set firmly on processing chamber (11) lateral wall, and the water injection mouth of storage water tank (901) extends to outside casing (1), water pump (902) set firmly on storage water tank (901), shower nozzle (904) set firmly in on cutter mount pad (6), and shower nozzle (904) aim at cutter head (7) set up, communicate through rubber hose (903) between shower nozzle (904) and the water pump (902).

7. The five-axis linkage machining center according to claim 6, wherein: the workpiece placement table is characterized in that a conveying belt (905) is obliquely arranged below the workpiece placement table (2), a collecting box (906) is arranged at the lower end of the conveying belt (905), a scrap filter screen (907) is obliquely arranged in the collecting box (906), a scraper (908) is arranged at the opening of the collecting box (906), and one end of the scraper (908) is abutted to the conveying belt (905).

8. The five-axis linkage machining center according to claim 7, wherein: more than two blowers (909) are arranged above the spray head (904), one end of an exhaust pipe (910) is connected to the bottom of the collecting box (906), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (910) extends out of the machine shell (1).