CN117358201A - Adsorption material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Adsorption material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117358201A CN117358201A CN202311600240.0A CN202311600240A CN117358201A CN 117358201 A CN117358201 A CN 117358201A CN 202311600240 A CN202311600240 A CN 202311600240A CN 117358201 A CN117358201 A CN 117358201A
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- fibers
- carbon
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- combination
- activated carbon
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QOKYJGZIKILTCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J hydrogen phosphate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O QOKYJGZIKILTCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydroxymethyl ethyl Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000533293 Sesbania emerus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WSXMFMCRLSKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].CCCC Chemical compound [C].CCCC WSXMFMCRLSKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006250 one-dimensional material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28066—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being more than 1000 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28073—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being in the range 0.5-1.0 ml/g
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an adsorption material, a preparation method and application thereof. The adsorption material comprises active carbon and additive materials; the specific heat capacity and the heat conductivity coefficient of the additive material are not lower than those of the activated carbon; the additive material comprises a one-dimensional fiber material and/or a two-dimensional layered material; the mass ratio of the active carbon to the additive material is 100 (0.1-10). The additive material in the adsorption material provided by the invention can form a heat conduction path and a uniform heat storage/release network, and the active carbon is surrounded in the heat conduction path, so that the desorption performance of oil gas is enhanced, the residual quantity is reduced, and the mechanical property of the material is improved on the premise of not affecting the adsorption performance of the active carbon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of adsorption materials, and particularly relates to an adsorption material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, the active carbon tank for the vehicle adsorbs steam generated by a fuel system of the vehicle in the tank to prevent the fuel from being directly discharged to the atmosphere due to the breathing effect, and then the fuel steam in the tank can be desorbed and guided into an engine cylinder to be subjected to combustion through purge air, so that the fuel steam is controlled and regenerated. During the high temperatures of the diurnal temperature cycle when the vehicle is in a stationary state, fuel vapors can escape from the canister, creating "diurnal breathing loss" (DBL).
The american scholars disclose a vehicular carbon canister for controlling DBL loss, the canister material consisting of primary adsorbent particles in the canister and a honeycomb shaped body outside the canister near atmospheric ports. The fuel vapor enters from the front end during adsorption, a main adsorption material with high working capacity captures a large amount of volatile hydrocarbon, and the rear end molded body adsorbs residual small molecular hydrocarbon. During desorption, purge air enters from the rear end, so that the materials in the tank body are regenerated. Activated carbon undergoes thousands of adsorption/desorption cycles over the life of the vehicle. During each cycle, the purge air is unable to desorb all of the fuel vapor adsorbed on the adsorbent. A small amount of residual fuel slowly increases, thereby reducing the overall effective adsorption capacity and lifetime of the activated carbon. At present, as environmental regulations become stricter, activated carbon is required to have high working capacity and low DBL value, so that the carbon tank material is required to have high desorption efficiency, low fuel residue and high mechanical strength while maintaining high adsorption performance, and the service life is ensured.
CN 111511681a discloses a method for producing an activated carbon molded body for adsorbing a vaporized fuel from an automobile, wherein powdered activated carbon, a lubricant and an acid-soluble solid diluent are mixed. And mixing the obtained mixture with a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin binder, and forming the obtained mixed material into a geometric hollowed-out body. And drying the obtained molded product, washing with acid to remove at least part of the solid diluent to form pores, and further drying to obtain the product. The desorption performance of the product is improved through macroscopic geometric hollowed-out pore canal and pores formed by acid dissolution. In addition, a low wear rate can be imparted to the material by the resin binder. However, the activated carbon molded body provided by this patent ensures strength by mixing a high content of a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin while forming fine pores enhancing desorption performance, but the resin significantly reduces the adsorption capacity of the material.
In CN 112154027a, the honeycomb formed body in the carbon tank has improved desorption performance of the material by adding a metal oxide heat storage material to the activated carbon and adding a second fine pore (1 μm or more) made of fusible core pulp fibers that can be removed at the time of high temperature heat treatment, but the fusible core affects the strength of the formed body.
Furthermore, US patent 8759250B2 discloses that the use of chitosan and alginate as binders, together with natural, synthetic and inorganic fibers, only enhances the strength of the activated carbon shaped body.
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide a carbon canister adsorbing material for a vehicle, which has high desorption rate, low residual amount and high mechanical strength without affecting the adsorption performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an adsorption material and a preparation method and application thereof. The adsorption material provided by the invention can achieve the purposes of improving the desorption rate, reducing the residual quantity and improving the mechanical strength on the premise of not affecting the adsorption performance.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an adsorbent material comprising activated carbon and an additive material;
the specific heat capacity and the heat conductivity coefficient of the additive material are not lower than those of the activated carbon;
the additive material comprises a one-dimensional fiber material and/or a two-dimensional layered material;
the mass ratio of the activated carbon to the additive material is 100 (0.1-10), for example, the mass ratio can be 100:0.1, 100:1, 100:2, 100:4, 100:6, 100:8 or 100:10, but the mass ratio is not limited to the listed numerical values, and other non-listed numerical values in the numerical range are applicable.
The adsorption material provided by the invention has the advantages that the heat conduction path and the uniform heat storage/release network can be formed by adding the material, the activated carbon is surrounded in the adsorption material, the desorption performance of oil gas is enhanced on the premise of not affecting the adsorption performance of the activated carbon, the residual quantity is reduced, and the mechanical performance of the material is improved.
It is worth noting that the roles of the additive materials of the present invention include: (1) does not affect the adsorption performance: the one-dimensional fiber or/and the two-dimensional layered material does not occupy the space of the activated carbon, does not block the pore canal of the activated carbon, and has small influence on the adsorption capacity; in addition, the heat released by the activated carbon is more easily transferred and stored during the oil gas adsorption, so that the temperature rise of the activated carbon can be restrained, and the adsorption performance is maintained; (2) improving desorption performance and reducing oil gas residual quantity: the active carbon can quickly release and supply heat during oil gas desorption, so that the temperature drop of the active carbon can be restrained, and the active carbon is facilitated to desorb oil gas; in addition, the formed heat storage/release network can lead the temperature distribution of the active carbon to be more uniform and avoid the residue of adsorbate caused by local temperature concentration; (3) improving mechanical properties: so that the steel has better processability, support and abrasion resistance. In a word, the three effects of the additive material provided by the invention can enhance the desorption performance of oil gas, reduce the residual quantity and improve the mechanical property of the material on the premise of not affecting the adsorption performance of active carbon, thereby solving the problem that the adsorption performance, the desorption performance and the mechanical property of the carbon tank material for vehicles are difficult to be taken into consideration
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the specific heat capacity of the additive material is more than or equal to 0.8X10 3 J/kg. DEG C, for example, may be 0.8X10 3 J/kg·℃、1×10 3 J/kg·℃、1.2×10 3 J/kg·℃、1.5×10 3 J/kg·℃、2×10 3 J/kg. Cndot. Deg.C or 3X 10 3 J/kg. Degree.C, but not limited to the values recited, other values not recited in the range of values are equally applicable.
The thermal conductivity of the additive is preferably not less than 0.8W/(m.K), and may be, for example, 0.8W/(m.K), 1W/(m.K), 1.4W/(m.K), 1.8W/(m.K), 2.2W/(m.K), or 2.5W/(m.K), but not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the one-dimensional fiber material has a diameter of 5nm to 40. Mu.m, for example, 5nm, 50nm, 100nm, 10. Mu.m, 20. Mu.m, 30. Mu.m, or 40. Mu.m, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the average aspect ratio of the one-dimensional fiber material is 5 to 1000, for example, 5, 10, 100, 200, 500, 700, 800, 900 or 1000, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the one-dimensional fibrous material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carbon-based fibers, oxide fibers, silicate fibers, nitride fibers, or carbide fibers, typically, but not limited to, a combination of carbon-based fibers, oxide fibers, and carbide fibers, a combination of oxide fibers, silicate fibers, and nitride fibers, or a combination of carbon-based fibers, oxide fibers, silicate fibers, nitride fibers, and carbide fibers.
Preferably, the carbon-based fibers comprise any one or a combination of at least two of carbon fibers, carbon nanorods, or carbon nanotubes, and typical but non-limiting combinations include combinations of carbon fibers and carbon nanorods, combinations of carbon nanorods and carbon nanotubes, combinations of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes, or combinations of carbon fibers, carbon nanorods, and carbon nanotubes.
Preferably, the oxide fibers include any one or a combination of at least two of titanium oxide fibers, aluminum oxide fibers, silicon oxide fibers, zirconium oxide fibers, mullite fibers, glass fibers, or zinc oxide fibers, and typical but non-limiting combinations include combinations of titanium oxide fibers, aluminum oxide fibers, and zirconium oxide fibers, combinations of silicon oxide fibers, mullite fibers, and glass fibers, combinations of titanium oxide fibers, aluminum oxide fibers, zirconium oxide fibers, and zinc oxide fibers, or combinations of titanium oxide fibers, aluminum oxide fibers, silicon oxide fibers, zirconium oxide fibers, mullite fibers, glass fibers, and zinc oxide fibers.
Preferably, the silicate fibers comprise aluminum silicate fibers and/or calcium silicate fibers.
Preferably, the nitride fibers comprise any one or a combination of at least two of boron nitride fibers, aluminum nitride fibers, or silicon nitride fibers, typically but not limited to combinations comprising: a combination of boron nitride fibers and aluminum nitride fibers, a combination of boron nitride fibers and silicon nitride fibers, a combination of aluminum nitride fibers and silicon nitride fibers, or a combination of boron nitride fibers, aluminum nitride fibers and silicon nitride fibers.
Preferably, the carbide fibers comprise silicon carbide fibers.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the two-dimensional layered material is 5nm to 100. Mu.m, for example, 5nm, 10nm, 100nm, 500nm, 800nm, 2. Mu.m, 10. Mu.m, 30. Mu.m, 500. Mu.m, 70. Mu.m, or 100. Mu.m, but not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the two-dimensional layered material has a lateral dimension of 100nm to 800 μm, and may be, for example, 100nm, 500nm, 1 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 300 μm, 500 μm or 800 μm, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the number of layers of the two-dimensional layered material is equal to or greater than 1, and may be 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, for example, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the two-dimensional layered material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a carbon substrate layer, a layered silicate, hexagonal boron nitride, zirconium hydrogen phosphate, a layered hydroxide, or Mxene, typically, but not limited to, a combination comprising: a combination of a carbon substrate layer, a layered silicate and a layered hydroxide, a combination of hexagonal boron nitride, zirconium hydrogen phosphate and Mxene, or a combination of a carbon substrate layer, a layered silicate, hexagonal boron nitride, zirconium hydrogen phosphate, a layered hydroxide and Mxene.
Preferably, the carbon substrate layer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of flake graphite, expanded graphite, graphene, reduced graphene, or nitrogen-doped graphene, typically, but not limited to, a combination comprising: a combination of flake graphite and expanded graphite, a combination of graphene, reduced graphene and nitrogen-doped graphene, a combination of flake graphite, expanded graphite and graphene, or a combination of flake graphite, expanded graphite, graphene, reduced graphene and nitrogen-doped graphene.
Preferably, the layered silicate comprises any one or a combination of at least two of vermiculite, expanded vermiculite, mica or calcium silicate, typically but not limited to combinations comprising: a combination of vermiculite and exfoliated vermiculite, a combination of vermiculite, exfoliated vermiculite and mica, a combination of vermiculite, exfoliated vermiculite and calcium silicate, a combination of mica and calcium silicate, or a combination of vermiculite, exfoliated vermiculite, mica and calcium silicate.
Preferably, the layered hydroxide comprises any one or a combination of at least two of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or layered composite metal hydroxide, typically but not limited to a combination of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, a combination of magnesium hydroxide and layered composite metal hydroxide, a combination of aluminum hydroxide and layered composite metal hydroxide, or a combination of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and layered composite metal hydroxide.
As a preferable embodiment of the invention, the specific surface area of the activated carbon>1200m 2 /g, for example, may be 1200m 2 /g、1300m 2 /g、1400m 2 /g、1500m 2 /g、1600m 2 /g or 2000m 2 The values of/g are not limited to the values recited, but other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the pore volume of the activated carbon>1cm 3 Per g, for example, may be 1.5cm 3 /g、2cm 3 /g、2.5cm 3 /g、3cm 3 /g、3.5cm 3 /g、4cm 3 /g or 5cm 3 The values of/g are not limited to the values recited, but other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the activated carbon has a mesoporous pore volume>0.5cm 3 Per g, for example, may be 0.6cm 3 /g、0.7cm 3 /g、0.9cm 3 /g、1.1cm 3 /g、1.3cm 3 /g、1.5cm 3 /g or 2cm 3 The values of/g are not limited to the values recited, but other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
The butane working capacity of the activated carbon is preferably 10 to 18g/100mL, and may be, for example, 10g/100mL, 11g/100mL, 13g/100mL, 15g/100mL, 17g/100mL or 18g/100mL, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
The raw material of the activated carbon is not particularly limited and may be selected from plant-based, mineral-based, natural raw materials, synthetic raw materials, and the like. The commercial activated carbon for vehicles is mainly derived from plant-based materials, and may be any one or a combination of at least two of shells/cores of wood, fruits or vegetables, algae, bamboo or coffee beans.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing an adsorbent material as provided in the first aspect, the method comprising scheme a or scheme B;
the scheme A comprises the following steps: mixing the active carbon precursor and the additive materials according to the formula amount, and then carrying out mixing molding to obtain a molded body; then carrying out activation treatment, washing and drying on the molded body to obtain a granular adsorbing material;
the scheme B includes: mixing active carbon and binder, mixing additive materials, and mixing to obtain molded body; finally, the molded body is dried to obtain the granular type adsorption material or the hollowed-out adsorption material.
The preparation method of the scheme A is that an active carbon precursor and an additive material are firstly mixed and molded and then are activated, and the method is suitable for preparing a sample with higher BWC (the BWC is more than or equal to 13g/100 ml) and is placed in a cavity of a communicating oil tank; the preparation method of the scheme B comprises the steps of activating an active carbon precursor, mixing and forming by mixing additive materials, wherein the method is suitable for preparing samples with lower BWC (BWC is more than or equal to 0.2g/100ml and less than or equal to 13g/100 ml) and higher desorption rate (the desorption rate is more than or equal to 85 percent); furthermore, the granular adsorbing material obtained by adopting the scheme B is suitable for occasions with the BWC being less than or equal to 10g/100ml and being less than or equal to 13g/100ml, and can be placed in a communicating atmosphere chamber; the hollowed-out adsorption material obtained by adopting the scheme B can be used for occasions with BWC being more than or equal to 0.2g/100ml and being less than or equal to 10g/100ml, and can be placed in an adjacent area on the atmosphere side outside a carbon tank chamber.
In general, the vehicle carbon tank chamber comprises two chambers, wherein an adsorption material with higher BWC (a granular adsorption material prepared by adopting a scheme A) needs to be added in the communicated oil tank chamber, and an adsorption material with lower BWC (a granular adsorption material prepared by adopting a scheme B) needs to be added in the communicated air chamber in a supplementary manner; and the adjacent area of the outdoor atmosphere side of the carbon tank is supplemented with the adsorption material with the lowest BWC (the hollowed-out adsorption material prepared by adopting the scheme B). The adsorption material prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention can meet the performance requirements of the adsorption material in the carbon tank room for vehicles and also can meet the performance requirements of the adsorption material in the adjacent area of the atmosphere side outside the carbon tank room.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activated carbon precursor in the embodiment a is a carbon-based material that is not subjected to an activation treatment.
Preferably, the mixing of scheme a further comprises mixing a chemical agent or a binder.
Preferably, the chemical agent comprises phosphoric acid and/or zinc chloride.
Preferably, the binder comprises bitumen and/or tar.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activation treatment according to embodiment A comprises carbonization and activation performed sequentially.
Preferably, the activation is performed in an inert gas atmosphere.
It should be noted that the temperature selection in the carbonization and activation process of the present invention is related to the selection of the activated carbon precursor, and when the activated carbon precursor is a plant material, the carbonization temperature may be 30 to 160 ℃, for example, 30 ℃, 50 ℃, 70 ℃, 90 ℃, 120 ℃, 140 ℃ or 160 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values in the numerical range are equally applicable; the activation temperature is 350 to 700 ℃, and may be 350 ℃, 400 ℃, 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃, or 700 ℃, for example, but the activation temperature is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the end point of the washing according to scheme A is a pH of the washing solution of 5 to 7, for example, 5, 5.2, 5.4, 5.6, 5.8, 6, 6.2, 6.4, 6.6, 6.8 or 7, but not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range of values are equally applicable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the pellet type adsorbing material is obtained in embodiment B, the binder comprises an organic binder or an inorganic binder;
when the scheme B is adopted to obtain the hollowed-out adsorbing material, the binder comprises an inorganic binder or a mixture of an organic binder and an inorganic binder;
preferably, when the hollow-out type adsorbing material is obtained in the scheme B, the method also comprises mixing filler when the binder is mixed;
preferably, the filler comprises any one or a combination of at least two of kaolin, alumina, silica or iron oxide, and typical limiting combinations include combinations of kaolin and silica, combinations of alumina, silica and iron oxide, combinations of alumina and iron oxide, or combinations of kaolin, alumina, silica and iron oxide.
Preferably, the filler is added in an amount of 1 to 50wt% based on the total amount of the activated carbon, for example, 1wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt% or 50wt%, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the numerical range are equally applicable.
The organic binder comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, or hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, and typical but non-limiting combinations include: a combination of carboxymethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, a combination of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, a combination of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, or a combination of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose.
Preferably, the organic binder is added in an amount of 1 to 10wt% based on the total amount of the activated carbon, for example, 1wt%, 2wt%, 4wt%, 6wt%, 8wt% or 10wt%, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the inorganic binder comprises a powder material or a colloid material.
Preferably, the powder material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of bentonite, clay or wood-segment clay, typically, but not limited to, comprising: bentonite, clay and wood-segment clay, bentonite and wood-segment clay, or clay and wood-segment clay.
It is worth to say that, in the process of preparing the hollow-out type adsorbing material by adopting the scheme B, when the inorganic adhesive is a colloid material, the filler is not required to be mixed; when the inorganic binder is a powder material, a filler must be mixed.
Preferably, the colloidal material is comprised in the solid content of a silica sol and/or an alumina sol.
Preferably, the inorganic binder is added in an amount of 1 to 50wt% based on the total amount of the activated carbon, for example, 1wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt% or 50wt%, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the numerical range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the drying treatment of scheme B comprises drying or calcining.
Preferably, the temperature of the drying is 150 to 200 ℃, for example, 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃, 180 ℃, 190 ℃ or 200 ℃, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the numerical range are equally applicable.
Calcination is carried out in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 350 to 1000 ℃, for example, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 550 ℃, 650 ℃, 750 ℃, 850 ℃ or 1000 ℃, but the present invention is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the numerical range are applicable.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of an adsorbent material according to the first aspect packed in a canister compartment for a vehicle or in an atmosphere-side adjacent region outside the canister compartment.
The numerical ranges recited herein include not only the above-listed point values, but also any point values between the above-listed numerical ranges that are not listed, and are limited in space and for the sake of brevity, the present invention is not intended to be exhaustive of the specific point values that the stated ranges include.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The one-dimensional fiber or/and the two-dimensional layered material in the adsorption material can form a heat conduction path and a uniform heat storage/release network, and the active carbon is enclosed in the heat conduction path, so that the desorption performance of oil gas is enhanced, the residual quantity is reduced, and the mechanical property of the material is improved on the premise of not affecting the adsorption performance of the active carbon;
(2) The preparation method provided by the invention has simple process, and can not only simultaneously meet the performance requirements of the adsorption materials required in the two cavities in the carbon tank chamber of the vehicle, but also meet the performance requirements of the adsorption materials in the adjacent areas of the atmosphere side outside the carbon tank chamber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of an adsorbent material provided in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the adsorbing material according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the adsorbing material according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the adsorbing material provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
The properties of the adsorbent materials provided in the following examples and comparative examples were evaluated by the following criteria: the adsorption capacity, the working capacity (BWC) of butane, the desorption rate and the residual quantity are obtained according to the GB/T20449-2006 active carbon butane working capacity test method; the strength test method is obtained according to the determination of the strength of the GBT 12496.6-1999 wood-activated carbon test method.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is as scheme A;
the scheme A comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing 100 parts by weight of wood chips, 10 parts by weight of carbon fibers and 150 parts by weight of phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85wt%, and then sequentially carrying out standing and extrusion molding to obtain a molding material;
wherein the carbon fiber is a one-dimensional material, the average diameter of the carbon fiber is 6 mu m, and the average length-diameter ratio is 5;
(2) Carbonizing the molding material obtained in the step (1) at 150 ℃, activating at 450 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, rinsing to pH 5.4, and drying at 150 ℃ to obtain the adsorption material.
The scanning electron microscope image of the adsorption material provided by the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and the adsorption material is granules filled in a cavity of a carbon tank communicated with an oil tank.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is as scheme A;
the only difference between the scheme a and the embodiment 1 is that:
in this embodiment, the maintenance of the carbon fiber in the step (1) is changed to: 4 parts by weight of two-dimensional layered material expanded vermiculite; the expanded vermiculite has a thickness of 500nm and a lateral dimension of 30 μm.
The scanning electron microscope image of the adsorption material provided by the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and the adsorption material is granules filled in a cavity of a carbon tank communicated with an oil tank.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is as scheme A;
the only difference between the scheme a and the embodiment 1 is that:
in this embodiment, the maintenance of the carbon fiber in the step (1) is changed to: 5 parts by weight of one-dimensional carbon fibers and 2 parts by weight of two-dimensional expanded vermiculite;
the carbon fibers have an average diameter of 6 μm and an average aspect ratio of 5; the thickness of the expanded vermiculite is 500nm, and the transverse dimension is 30 mu m;
the scanning electron microscope image of the adsorption material provided by the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and the adsorption material is granules filled in a cavity of a carbon tank communicated with an oil tank.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an adsorbent material prepared according to scheme a;
the only difference between the scheme a and the embodiment 1 is that:
the carbon fiber described in the step (1) is omitted in the comparative example, namely the adsorption material provided in the comparative example is pure activated carbon granules obtained by adopting a wood phosphoric acid activation method.
The scanning electron microscope of the adsorption material provided in this comparative example is shown in fig. 1.
The results of evaluating the performances of the adsorbing materials provided in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 described above are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the results of examples 1 and 2 show that there is a slight decrease in the adsorption amount and BWC when one-dimensional carbon fiber and two-dimensional expanded vermiculite are added, indicating that the effect on adsorption performance is limited; the desorption rate is obviously improved, the residual quantity is obviously reduced, and the desorption performance is obviously improved; the strength is improved, which indicates that the mechanical property is improved; in particular, it is seen from example 3 that when the carbon fiber and the expanded vermiculite are added simultaneously, the desorption rate is further improved, the residual amount is further reduced, and the strength is further enhanced as compared with the case where the carbon fiber and the expanded vermiculite are added separately, which is benefited from the heat conduction path and the heat storage/release network on the multidimensional spatial scale consisting of the lamellar vermiculite of the one-dimensional carbon fiber and the two-dimensional sheet.
As can be seen from comprehensive analysis of fig. 2-4 and fig. 1, the carbon fibers in fig. 2 are uniformly distributed among the activated carbon particles, and a heat conduction path and a heat storage/release network are formed on a one-dimensional space scale; the lamellar vermiculite flakes shown in fig. 3 are uniformly distributed among the activated carbon particles, forming a heat conduction path and a heat storage/release network on a two-dimensional spatial scale. Fig. 4 shows a heat conduction path and a heat storage/release network on a multidimensional spatial scale composed of one-dimensional carbon fibers and lamellar vermiculite of two-dimensional flakes.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is scheme B, so as to obtain the granular adsorption material.
The scheme B comprises the following steps:
(a) Mixing 100 parts by weight of activated carbon powder and 6 parts by weight of aluminum silicate fiber; then mixing with 5 parts by weight of hydroxymethyl ethyl cellulose and 200 parts by weight of water to obtain a mixed material;
the average diameter of the aluminum silicate fiber is 10 mu m, and the average length-diameter ratio is 20;
(b) Extruding the mixed material obtained in the step (a) into a cylinder with the diameter of 2mm by adopting a hydraulic extruder, and then granulating to obtain granules;
(c) And (3) drying the granules obtained in the step (b) at 150 ℃ to obtain the adsorption material.
The adsorbent material obtained in this example was a pellet packed in a canister communicating with the atmosphere chamber.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is scheme B.
The only difference between the scheme B and the embodiment 4 is that:
in the embodiment, aluminum silicate fiber maintenance is changed into 1 weight part of graphene oxide; the graphene oxide has a thickness of 8 μm and a lateral dimension of 16 μm.
The adsorbent material obtained in this example was a pellet packed in a canister communicating with the atmosphere chamber.
Example 6
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is scheme B.
The only difference between the scheme B and the embodiment 4 is that:
this example modifies the aluminum silicate fiber to: 3 parts by weight of aluminum silicate fiber and 0.5 part by weight of graphene oxide.
The adsorbent material obtained in this example was a pellet packed in a canister communicating with the atmosphere chamber.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides an adsorbent material prepared according to scheme B.
The only difference between the scheme B and the embodiment 4 is that:
the aluminum silicate fiber described in step (a) was omitted in this comparative example.
The results of evaluating the performances of the adsorbing materials provided in examples 4 to 6 and comparative example 2 described above are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2, the results of examples 4 and 5 show that there is a slight decrease in adsorption amount and BWC after adding one-dimensional aluminum silicate fiber and two-dimensional layered graphene oxide, indicating that the effect on adsorption performance is limited; the desorption rate is obviously improved, the residual quantity is obviously reduced, and the desorption performance is obviously improved; the strength is improved, which indicates that the mechanical property is improved; in particular, as is clear from example 6, when the aluminum silicate fiber and the graphene oxide are added simultaneously, the desorption rate is further improved, the residual amount is further reduced, and the strength is further enhanced as compared with the case of adding the both separately, which indicates that the simultaneous addition of both has a synergistic effect.
Example 7
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is that in the scheme B, a hollow adsorption material is obtained; the scheme B comprises the following steps:
(a) Mixing 60 parts by weight of activated carbon powder, 8 parts by weight of mullite fiber, 9 parts by weight of bentonite and 32 parts by weight of kaolin; then mixing with 5 parts by weight of hydroxymethyl ethyl cellulose and 120 parts by weight of water to obtain a mixed material;
the mullite fiber has an average diameter of 5 mu m and an average length-diameter ratio of 50;
(b) Extruding the mixed material obtained in the step (a) into cylindrical honeycomb;
(c) Calcining the cylindrical honeycomb obtained in the step (b) for 2 hours at 900 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the adsorption material.
The adsorption material obtained in this example is in the adjacent area of the atmosphere side outside the canister chamber.
Example 8
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is as scheme B; the only difference between the scheme B and the embodiment 7 is that:
the embodiment modifies the additive material described in step (a) to: 8 parts by weight of boron nitride; the thickness of the boron nitride is 8 μm and the transverse dimension is 50 μm.
The adsorbent material obtained in this example is a canister adsorbent material in an area adjacent to the outdoor atmosphere side.
Example 9
The embodiment provides an adsorption material, and the preparation method of the adsorption material is as scheme B; the only difference between the scheme B and the embodiment 7 is that:
the embodiment modifies the additive material described in step (a) to: 4 parts by weight of mullite fiber and 4 parts by weight of boron nitride.
The adsorbent material obtained in this example is a canister adsorbent material in an area adjacent to the outdoor atmosphere side.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides an adsorbent material prepared according to scheme B; the only difference between the scheme B and the embodiment 7 is that:
the additive material described in step (a) was omitted in this comparative example.
The adsorbent material obtained in this comparative example was in the adjacent region of the outside atmosphere side of the canister chamber.
The results of evaluating the performances of the adsorbing materials provided in examples 7 to 9 and comparative example 3 described above are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As is clear from Table 3, the results of examples 7 and 8 show that there is a slight decrease in the adsorption amount and BWC when one-dimensional mullite fiber and two-dimensional layered boron nitride are added, indicating that the effect on adsorption performance is limited. The desorption rate is obviously improved, the residual quantity is obviously reduced, and the desorption performance is obviously improved. The strength is improved, which indicates that the mechanical property is improved. In particular, as is clear from example 9, when mullite fiber and lamellar boron nitride are added simultaneously, the desorption rate is further improved, the residual amount is further reduced, and the strength is further enhanced as compared with the case where both are added separately, which indicates that both are added simultaneously to have a synergistic effect.
The applicant states that the detailed structural features of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the disclosure.
The applicant states that the detailed process flow of the present invention is illustrated by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed process flow. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An adsorption material, characterized in that the adsorption material comprises active carbon and additive materials;
the specific heat capacity and the heat conductivity coefficient of the additive material are not lower than those of the activated carbon;
the additive material comprises a one-dimensional fiber material and/or a two-dimensional layered material;
the mass ratio of the active carbon to the additive material is 100 (0.1-10).
2. The adsorbent material according to claim 1, wherein the specific heat capacity of the additive material is not less than 0.8X10 3 J/kg·℃；
Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the additive material is more than or equal to 0.8W/(m.K).
3. The absorbent material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one-dimensional fiber material has a diameter of 5nm to 40 μm;
preferably, the average length-diameter ratio of the one-dimensional fiber material is 5-1000;
preferably, the one-dimensional fiber material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carbon-based fibers, oxide fibers, silicate fibers, nitride fibers or carbide fibers;
preferably, the carbon-based fibers comprise any one or a combination of at least two of carbon fibers, carbon nanorods or carbon nanotubes;
preferably, the oxide fibers include any one or a combination of at least two of titanium oxide fibers, aluminum oxide fibers, silicon oxide fibers, zirconium oxide fibers, mullite fibers, glass fibers, or zinc oxide fibers;
preferably, the silicate fibers comprise aluminum silicate fibers and/or calcium silicate fibers;
preferably, the nitride fibers comprise any one or a combination of at least two of boron nitride fibers, aluminum nitride fibers or silicon nitride fibers;
preferably, the carbide fibers comprise silicon carbide fibers.
4. The absorbent material of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the two-dimensional layered material has a thickness of 5nm to 100 μm;
preferably, the transverse dimension of the two-dimensional layered material is 100nm to 800 μm;
preferably, the number of layers of the two-dimensional layered material is more than or equal to 1;
preferably, the two-dimensional layered material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a carbon substrate layer, a layered silicate, hexagonal boron nitride, zirconium hydrogen phosphate, a layered hydroxide, or Mxene;
preferably, the carbon substrate layer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of flake graphite, expanded graphite, graphene, reduced graphene or nitrogen-doped graphene;
preferably, the layered silicate comprises any one or a combination of at least two of vermiculite, expanded vermiculite, mica, or calcium silicate;
preferably, the layered hydroxide comprises any one or a combination of at least two of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide or layered composite metal hydroxide.
5. The adsorbent material of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the activated carbon has a specific surface area>1200m 2 /g；
Preferably, the pore volume of the activated carbon>1cm 3 /g；
Preferably, the activated carbon has a mesoporous pore volume>0.5cm 3 /g；
Preferably, the butane working capacity of the activated carbon is 10-18 g/100mL.
6. A method of making an adsorbent material according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method of making comprises scheme a or scheme B;
the scheme A comprises the following steps: mixing the active carbon precursor and the additive materials according to the formula amount, and then carrying out mixing molding to obtain a molded body; then carrying out activation treatment, washing and drying on the molded body to obtain a granular adsorbing material;
the scheme B includes: mixing active carbon and binder, mixing additive materials, and mixing to obtain molded body; finally, the molded body is dried to obtain the granular type adsorption material or the hollowed-out adsorption material.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the activated carbon precursor of scheme a is a carbon-based material that has not been subjected to an activation treatment;
preferably, the mixing of scheme a further comprises mixing a chemical agent or a binder;
preferably, the chemical agent comprises phosphoric acid and/or zinc chloride;
preferably, the binder comprises bitumen and/or tar;
preferably, the activating treatment in scheme a comprises carbonization and activation performed sequentially;
preferably, the activation is performed in an inert gas atmosphere;
preferably, the end point of the washing in the scheme A is that the pH value of the washing liquid is 5-7.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein when the pellet-type adsorbing material is obtained by using the scheme B, the binder comprises an organic binder or an inorganic binder;
when the scheme B is adopted to obtain the hollowed-out adsorbing material, the binder comprises an inorganic binder or a mixture of an organic binder and an inorganic binder;
preferably, when the hollow-out type adsorbing material is obtained in the scheme B, the method also comprises mixing filler when the binder is mixed;
preferably, the filler comprises any one or a combination of at least two of kaolin, alumina, silica or iron oxide;
preferably, the filler is added in an amount of 1 to 50wt% based on the total amount of the activated carbon.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the organic binder comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, or hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose;
preferably, the addition amount of the organic binder is 1-10 wt% of the total amount of the activated carbon;
preferably, the inorganic binder comprises a powder material or a colloid material;
preferably, the powder material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of bentonite, clay or wood-segment clay;
preferably, the colloidal material comprises the solid component of a silica sol and/or an alumina sol;
preferably, the inorganic binder is added in an amount of 1 to 50wt% based on the total amount of the activated carbon.
10. Use of an adsorbent material according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the adsorbent material is packed in a canister compartment for a vehicle or in an atmosphere-side adjacent area outside the canister compartment.
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