CN117353812A

CN117353812A - Bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device and method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining

Info

Publication number: CN117353812A
Application number: CN202311277336.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴少俊; 王天洪; 李长昆; 王璐; 王榆生
Original assignee: Beijing Aurora Xingtong Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Aurora Xingtong Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-28
Filing date: 2023-09-28
Publication date: 2024-01-05

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser communication, and provides a bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device and method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining. The bidirectional beaconing laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining comprises a laser receiving and transmitting assembly, a polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly, a non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and a switching mirror assembly. The laser receiving and transmitting assembly is used for carrying out beam shrinking on laser carrying signals, and the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly are both positioned on the same side of the laser receiving and transmitting assembly. The switching mirror assembly is positioned between the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly, and the switching mirror assembly is suitable for switching between a first swinging state and a second swinging state. The bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining can correspondingly receive the received communication laser according to the polarization state of the received communication laser, so that the laser communication device can be switched to use according to actual requirements, and the flexibility of the laser communication device in use is improved.

Description

Bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device and method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser communication, in particular to a bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device and method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining.

Background

Along with the rapid increase of internet demands, laser communication puts higher and higher demands on data transmission quantity and transmission speed, and currently, the adopted laser communication network mainly adopts an optical fiber network, and the layout of the optical fiber network can increase the data transmission quantity and transmission speed, but the layout of the optical fiber network is high in cost and has the risk of being destroyed.

As the demand of laser communication increases, the polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device is more important, but the existing laser communication device can only transmit polarization-maintaining laser or non-polarization-maintaining laser, so that the flexibility is lower in actual use, and the actual demand of laser communication cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems occurring in the related art. Therefore, the invention provides the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, so that the laser communication device can be compatible with and transmit polarization maintaining laser and non-polarization maintaining laser, the flexibility of the laser communication device in use is effectively improved, and the actual requirement of laser communication is met.

The invention also provides a bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining bi-directional beaconing-free laser communication device includes:

the laser receiving and transmitting assembly is used for carrying out beam shrinking on the laser carrying the signal so as to obtain a laser beam after beam shrinking;

the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly comprises a first quick reflection mirror, a polarizing mirror, a second light splitting mirror, a light splitting prism and a first light receiving part, wherein the polarizing mirror and the second light splitting mirror are both positioned on the reflecting light path of the first quick reflection mirror, the polarizing mirror is arranged between the first quick reflection mirror and the second light splitting mirror, the light splitting prism and the first light receiving part are arranged on the reflecting light path of the second light splitting mirror, and the light splitting prism is arranged between the second light splitting mirror and the first light receiving part;

the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly are positioned on the same side of the laser receiving and transmitting assembly;

a switching mirror assembly located between the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly, the switching mirror assembly being adapted to switch between a first swing state in which the first fast mirror is located on a transmission optical path of the laser beam and a second swing state; in the second swinging state, the switching mirror assembly is positioned on a transmission light path of the laser beam, and the non-polarization maintaining light transmission assembly is positioned on a reflection light path of the switching mirror assembly.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a first tracking camera, wherein the first tracking camera is positioned on a transmission optical path of the second beam splitter;

the first light receiving element comprises a first receiving lens and a first receiving detector, the first receiving lens is located on the reflection light path of the second beam splitter, the beam splitter prism is located between the first receiving lens and the second beam splitter, and the first receiving detector is arranged at the focus of the first receiving lens.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a first laser, the first laser is located on a reflection optical path of the beam splitting prism, and the first laser is suitable for emitting collimated light beams carrying signals to the first laser.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly comprises a second quick reflection mirror, a third spectroscope, a dichroic mirror, a second receiving lens and a second receiving detector, wherein the third spectroscope is positioned on a reflection light path of the second quick reflection mirror, the dichroic mirror is positioned on a reflection light path of the third spectroscope, the second receiving lens is positioned on a reflection light path of the dichroic mirror, and the second receiving detector is arranged at a focus of the second receiving lens;

In the second swinging state, the second quick reflection mirror is positioned on the reflection light path of the switching mirror assembly.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a second tracking camera, and the second tracking camera is located on a transmission optical path of the third spectroscope.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a second laser and a first transmitting lens, wherein the first transmitting lens is positioned on a transmission light path of the dichroic mirror, the second laser is arranged at a focus of the first transmitting lens, and the second laser is suitable for transmitting collimated light beams to the first transmitting lens.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining provided by the embodiment of the invention, the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device further comprises:

the optical axis calibration assembly comprises a calibration light source and a first spectroscope, wherein the calibration light source is suitable for emitting a calibration light beam, and the first spectroscope is positioned on a transmission light path of the calibration light beam;

in the first swing state, the first quick reflection mirror is positioned on a reflection light path of the first spectroscope; in the second swing state, the switching mirror assembly is located on the reflection light path of the first spectroscope.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, the laser receiving and transmitting assembly comprises a main mirror and a secondary mirror, wherein the reflecting surface of the main mirror is a concave surface, and the secondary mirror is arranged at the focus of the reflecting surface of the main mirror;

in the first swinging state, the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror faces the first quick reflecting mirror; in the second oscillation state, the reflective surface of the secondary mirror faces the switched mirror assembly.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining bidirectional beacon-free laser communication method, which is any one of the above compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining bidirectional beacon-free laser communication devices, the compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining bidirectional beacon-free laser communication method includes the following steps:

transmitting laser to a laser receiving and transmitting assembly, and carrying out beam shrinking on the laser through the laser receiving and transmitting assembly to obtain a laser beam after beam shrinking;

switching the switching mirror assembly into a first swing state, enabling the laser beam to sequentially pass through a first quick reflection mirror, a polarizer, a second beam splitter and a beam splitting prism, receiving the laser beam by a first light receiving piece, and establishing a first light receiving path;

Or switching the switching mirror assembly into a second swinging state, transmitting the laser beam to the switching mirror assembly, transmitting the laser beam to the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly through the switching mirror assembly, and establishing a second optical receiving path.

According to the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining provided by the embodiment of the invention, before the step of transmitting laser to a laser receiving and transmitting assembly and carrying out beam shrinking on the laser through the laser receiving and transmitting assembly to obtain the laser beam after beam shrinking, the method further comprises the following steps:

and performing initial optical axis calibration on the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and performing initial optical axis calibration on the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly.

The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

according to the beacon-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the switching mirror assembly is switched between the first swinging state and the second swinging state, so that the laser communication device can correspondingly receive the received communication laser according to the polarization state of the received communication laser and correspondingly process the communication laser, and the laser communication device can be switched according to actual requirements, thereby improving the flexibility of the laser communication device in use, improving the integration level of the laser communication device and meeting the integrated load requirement of laser communication.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a self-checking optical path of an optical axis calibration assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a beaconing-free laser communication method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a beaconing-free laser communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a primary mirror; 2. a secondary mirror; 3. a first spectroscope; 4. a switching mirror assembly; 5. a first fast mirror; 26. a polarizer; 6. a second beam splitter; 7. a first tracking camera; 29. a beam-splitting prism; 9. a first laser; 10. a first receiving lens; 11. a first receiving detector; 12. a second fast reflecting mirror; 13. a third spectroscope; 14. a second tracking camera; 36. a dichroic mirror; 37. a first emission lens; 17. a second laser; 18. a second receiving lens; 19. a second receiving detector; 20. calibrating a light source; 8. a first dichroic mirror; 15. a reflecting mirror; 16. and a second dichroic mirror.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present invention will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

Before describing the compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining bidirectional beaconing laser communication device of the embodiment of the invention, related terms are described.

The polarization maintaining light and the non-polarization maintaining light are the polarization states of the communication light, wherein the polarization maintaining light means that the communication light can keep a stable polarization state in the propagation process, and the polarization direction of the communication light cannot be changed.

The non-polarization maintaining light means that the communication light does not maintain a stable polarization state in the propagation process, and the polarization direction of the communication light changes along with the change of time and environmental factors.

The following describes a compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining bidirectional beaconing laser communication device provided by an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining beaconing-free laser communication device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining beaconing-free laser communication device includes a laser transceiver component, a polarization-maintaining transmission component, a non-polarization-maintaining transmission component and a switching mirror component 4. The laser receiving and transmitting assembly is used for carrying out beam shrinking on the laser carrying the signal so as to obtain a laser beam after beam shrinking, and the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly are both positioned on the same side of the laser receiving and transmitting assembly. In this embodiment, the polarization maintaining optical transmission component is suitable for being used as a polarization maintaining optical signal receiving system or an optical signal transmitting system, and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission component is suitable for being used as a non-polarization maintaining optical signal receiving system or an optical signal transmitting system.

The polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly includes a first quick reflection mirror 5, a polarizing mirror 26, a second beam splitter 6, a beam splitter prism 29, and a first light receiving element. The polarizer 26 and the second beam splitter 6 are both located on the reflective light path of the first quick reflector 5, the polarizer 26 is disposed between the first quick reflector 5 and the second beam splitter 6, the beam splitter prism 29 and the first light receiving element are disposed on the reflective light path of the second beam splitter 6, and the beam splitter prism 29 is disposed between the second beam splitter 6 and the first light receiving element.

The switching mirror assembly 4 is located between the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly, the switching mirror assembly 4 being adapted to switch between a first swing state and a second swing state. Wherein, when the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the first swinging state, the first quick reflection mirror 5 is positioned on the transmission light path of the laser beam. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the second swinging state, the switching mirror assembly 4 is positioned on the transmission light path of the laser beam, and the non-polarization maintaining transmission assembly is positioned on the reflection light path of the switching mirror assembly 4.

According to the beacon-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining, provided by the embodiment of the invention, when communication laser carrying signals from outside is received, the laser receiving and transmitting assembly can be used for carrying out beam shrinking on the communication laser, so that a laser beam after beam shrinking is obtained.

When the communication laser is polarization maintaining light capable of maintaining stable state, the polarization maintaining light transmission component is used as a laser signal receiving system. The switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to a first swinging state, and at this time, the first quick reflection mirror 5 is located on a transmission light path of the laser beam, so that the laser transceiver assembly irradiates the laser beam after beam shrinking to the first quick reflection mirror 5. After being reflected by the first fast reflecting mirror 5, the laser beam is reflected to the polarizer 26, in this embodiment, the polarizer 26 is a quarter-wave plate, and the polarization state of the laser beam is changed by transmitting the laser beam through the quarter-wave plate, and circularly polarized light in the laser beam is converted into linearly polarized light.

The laser beam is transmitted to the second beam splitter 6 via the polarizer 26, and the laser beam is split into a first laser beam and a second laser beam by the second beam splitter 6.

The first laser beam is reflected by the second beam splitter 6 and enters the beam splitter prism 29, and the incident laser beam is split into P polarized light and S polarized light by the beam splitter prism 29, so that screening of the laser beam is realized, and polarized light is received according to actual requirements. In this embodiment, the beam splitter prism 29 transmits the P polarized light to the first light receiving element, so as to complete the establishment of the first light receiving path of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly.

When the communication laser is non-polarization maintaining light which cannot be kept in a stable state, the non-polarization maintaining light transmission component is used as a laser signal receiving system. The switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the second swinging state, and at this time, the switching mirror assembly 4 is located on the propagation path of the laser beam, and the laser transceiver assembly emits the laser beam to the switching mirror assembly 4. At this time, the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is located on the reflection optical path of the switching mirror assembly 4, and the laser beam enters the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly after being reflected by the switching mirror assembly 4, so that the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly receives the laser beam after the shrinkage beam, and the establishment of the second optical receiving path of the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is completed.

In the invention, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched between the first swing state and the second swing state, so that the laser communication device can correspondingly receive the received communication laser according to the polarization state of the received communication laser and correspondingly process the communication laser, so that the laser communication device can be switched according to actual requirements, the flexibility of the laser communication device in use is improved, the integration level of the laser communication device is improved, and the integrated load requirement of laser communication is met.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the switching mirror assembly 4 includes a laser beam splitter and a rotating shaft, one end of the laser beam splitter is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with a driving member such as a motor, and the rotating shaft is controlled to rotate by the driving member, so as to drive the laser beam splitter to swing, so that the switching mirror assembly 4 switches between a first swing state and a second swing state.

When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the first swing state, the laser beam splitter is parallel to the transmission path of the laser beam, so as to ensure that the first quick reflection mirror 5 is positioned on the transmission path of the laser beam. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the second swinging state, the laser beam splitter is located on the transmission light path of the laser beam, and the laser beam splitter forms an included angle of-45 degrees with the transmission light path of the laser beam, so that the switching mirror assembly 4 can reflect the laser beam to the non-polarization maintaining transmission assembly. The polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly are switched through the switching mirror assembly 4, so that the switching precision of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly can be effectively improved, and the flexibility of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly in switching use is improved.

It should be further noted that, the switching mirror assembly 4 may employ a kidney-shaped mirror with the following main performance parameters: the switching precision is better than 50urad, the surface precision of the switching mirror is less than or equal to 21nm, and the caliber is 25 mm.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the first light receiving element includes a first receiving lens 10 and a first receiving detector 11, the first receiving lens 10 is located on the reflection light path of the second beam splitter 6, and a beam splitter prism 29 is located between the first receiving lens 10 and the second beam splitter 6, and the first receiving detector 11 is disposed at the focal point of the first receiving lens 10. The laser beams screened by the beam splitting prism 29 are received and coupled through the first receiving lens 10, and the coupled laser beams are received through the first receiving detector 11, so that communication signals carried by the laser beams are converted into electric signals, and the processing of the laser beams is completed.

Further, the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a first tracking camera 7, and the first tracking camera 7 is located on the transmission optical path of the second light splitter 6. After the second beam splitter 6 splits the laser beam into the first laser beam and the second laser beam, the second laser beam is transmitted by the second beam splitter 6 and enters the first tracking camera 7, and the first tracking optical axis is established by the first tracking camera 7, so that the quality and the transmission reliability of the optical signal are improved.

Here, the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly are both mounted on the two-dimensional turntable. After the second laser beam enters the first tracking camera 7, the first tracking camera 7 controls the two-dimensional turntable to perform coarse closed loop control, namely, the orientation of the first tracking camera 7 and the first quick reflection mirror 5 is adjusted. Meanwhile, the first tracking camera 7 regenerates a new tracking camera window and reduces the window opening size, then the new tracking window and the first quick reflection mirror 5 form fine closed loop control, and the capturing and chain building process is completed, so that high-frequency noise in the optical signals is restrained, and the quality and transmission reliability of the optical signals are improved.

According to the beacon-free laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining of the present embodiment, the first light receiving path of the polarization maintaining optical transmission component is established through the transmission of the laser beam among the first quick reflection mirror 5, the polarizing plate, the second beam splitter 6, the beam splitter prism 29 and the first receiving lens 10, and the first receiving detector 11 receives and processes the laser beam, so as to receive and process the laser communication signal sent by the external laser communication device by the polarization maintaining optical transmission component.

In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a first laser 9, the first laser 9 being located on the reflection optical path of the splitting prism 29, the first laser 9 being adapted to emit a collimated beam carrying a signal towards the first laser 9. In this embodiment, the first laser 9 may emit a collimated light beam of a specific wavelength, wherein the specific wavelength of the collimated light beam is 1540nm and 1563nm.

In this embodiment, when the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is used as the laser signal transmitting system, the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the first swinging state, and the collimated light beam carrying the signal is transmitted to the beam splitter prism 29 by the first laser 9, and the collimated light beam enters the second beam splitter 6 after being reflected by the beam splitter prism 29. And after being reflected by the second beam splitter 6, the collimated light beam sequentially enters the polarizer 26 and the first fast reflector 5, and then is reflected to the laser receiving and transmitting assembly through the first fast reflector 5. At the moment, the laser receiving and transmitting assembly can expand the direct light beam and send out the communication light beam after expanding the direct light beam, and communication link establishment between the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the external laser communication device is realized through the communication light beam, so that the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly can send laser communication signals to the external laser communication device, and further bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is completed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission component includes a second fast reflecting mirror 12, a third beam splitter 13, a dichroic mirror 36, a second receiving lens 18, and a second receiving detector 19, where the third beam splitter 13 is located on the reflection light path of the second fast reflecting mirror 12, the dichroic mirror 36 is located on the reflection light path of the third beam splitter 13, the second receiving lens 18 is located on the reflection light path of the dichroic mirror 36, and the second receiving detector 19 is disposed at the focal point of the second receiving lens 18. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the second swing state, the second quick reflection mirror 12 is located on the reflection optical path of the switching mirror assembly 4.

When the communication laser is non-polarization maintaining light which cannot be kept in a stable state, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the second swinging state, and the switching mirror assembly 4 is located on the propagation light path of the laser beam. The laser transceiver assembly emits a laser beam to the switching mirror assembly 4, and then reflects the laser beam to the second fast mirror 12 via reflection by the switching mirror assembly 4. After being reflected by the second fast reflecting mirror 12, the laser beam is reflected to the third beam splitter 13, and the laser beam is split into a third laser beam and a fourth laser beam by the third beam splitter 13.

The third laser beam is reflected by the third spectroscope 13 and enters the dichroic mirror 36, and the light with a specific wave band in the laser beam is reflected to the second receiving lens 18 by the dichroic mirror 36, the second receiving lens 18 couples the light with the specific wave band to the second receiving detector 19, and after the second receiving detector 19 converts the light signal into an electric signal, the specific communication signal carried in the laser beam is received and processed.

Further, the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a second tracking camera 14, and the second tracking camera 14 is located on the transmission optical path of the third spectroscope 13. After the third spectroscope 13 divides the laser beam into a third laser beam and a fourth laser beam, the fourth laser beam is transmitted by the third spectroscope 13 and enters the second tracking camera 14, and a second tracking optical axis is established through the second tracking camera 14, so that the quality and the transmission reliability of the optical signal are improved.

It should be noted that, the process of establishing the second tracking optical axis is similar to the process of establishing the first tracking optical axis, and in this case, the second tracking camera 14 and the second fast reflection mirror 12 form a fine closed loop control to complete the process of capturing and establishing a chain in order to perform coarse closed loop control with the two-dimensional turntable through the second tracking camera 14.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the non polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a second laser 17 and a first emission lens 37, the first emission lens 37 being located on the transmission optical path of the dichroic mirror 36, the second laser 17 being arranged at the focal point of the first emission lens 37, the second laser 17 being adapted to emit a communication beam towards the first emission lens 37. In this embodiment, the second laser 17 emits linearly polarized light, and the wavelength of the linearly polarized light emitted by the second laser 17 can be switched between 1540nm and 1563 nm.

It should be further noted that, in the present embodiment, the first and second quick reflection mirrors 5 and 12 may employ quick reflection mirrors with the following main performance parameters: the RMS value of the angle resolution is less than or equal to 1 mu rad, the angle change range is +/-3 mrad, the surface type precision is less than or equal to 21nm, and the two-axis voice coil motor is of the model FSM-320 Fast. When the operating band of the communication light is 1550+ -30 nm, the average reflectance of the first quick reflection mirror 5 and the average reflectance of the second quick reflection mirror 12 are more than 98%, and the phase maintaining function is provided to improve the reflectance and reflectance of the light.

The first receiving lens 10 and the second receiving lens 18 may employ lenses with the following main performance parameters: the working wavelength is 1050nm-1700nm, the focal length is 45mm, the caliber is 25.4mm, and the plane precision PV is superior to that of a lambda/5@632.8nm lens, such as an achromat lens with the model of AC 54-045-C.

The detector end faces of the first receiving detector 11, the second receiving detector 19 are 0.2mm, for example InGaAs APD model C30659-1550-R2 AH.

The second beam splitter 6 and the third beam splitter 13 may adopt a transmission/inverse ratio of 10:90, a spectroscope with the system surface type precision less than or equal to 21nm so as to meet the tracking requirement and match the sensitivity of the detector.

The first tracking camera 7 and the second tracking camera 14 can adopt a 4-lens combination system, the focal length of which is 300mm, and the phase difference RMS of the system wave is 42nm, and the field of view is +/-1.5 degrees.

The dichroic mirror 36 can be coated separately according to different wavelengths, and the dichroic mirror 36 has a spectral reflection of 1540nm (93%) and a transmission of 1563nm (93%).

In the embodiment of the invention, the laser transceiver component comprises a main mirror 1 and a secondary mirror 2, wherein the reflecting surface of the main mirror 1 is a concave surface, and the secondary mirror 2 is arranged at the focus of the reflecting surface of the main mirror 1. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the first swing state, the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror 2 faces the first quick reflection mirror 5, so that the first quick reflection mirror 5 is located on the propagation path of the laser beam. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the second oscillation state, the reflective surface of the secondary mirror 2 faces the switching mirror assembly 4, so that the switching mirror assembly 4 is located on the propagation path of the laser beam.

When the laser receiving and transmitting assembly receives the laser of the external carrying signal, the laser irradiates the reflecting surface of the main mirror 1. Since the reflecting surface of the main mirror 1 is concave, when the parallel laser beam irradiates the reflecting surface of the main mirror 1, the main mirror 1 can shrink the parallel laser beam and reflect the shrunk laser beam to the secondary mirror 2.

When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the first swinging state, the secondary mirror 2 reflects the laser beam to the first quick reflection mirror 5, and then transmits the laser beam to the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the second swinging state, the secondary mirror 2 reflects the laser beam to the switching mirror assembly 4, and then the laser beam is transmitted to the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly through the switching mirror assembly 4.

The beam expansion and contraction of the light shaping system composed of the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 are 10 times, and the surface type precision of the light shaping system is less than or equal to 21nm.

In the embodiment of the invention, fig. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a self-checking optical path of the optical axis calibration component provided in the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the non-beacon laser communication device compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining further includes the optical axis calibration component. The optical axis calibration assembly comprises a calibration light source 20 and a first spectroscope 3, wherein the calibration light source 20 is suitable for emitting a calibration light beam, and the first spectroscope 3 is positioned on a transmission light path of the calibration light beam. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the first swinging state, the first quick reflection mirror 5 is located on the reflection light path of the first spectroscope 3. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the second swinging state, the switching mirror assembly 4 is located on the reflected light path of the first beam splitter 3.

Before the laser beam carrying the signal is irradiated to the laser receiving and transmitting assembly, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the first swinging state, and the calibration light source 20 is turned on, so that the calibration light source 20 emits the calibration light beam. The calibration beam irradiates the first beam splitter 3, and is reflected to the first quick reflection mirror 5 via the first beam splitter 3. The calibration light beam is then reflected to the polarizer 26, the second beam splitter 6 and the first tracking camera 7 in sequence by the first fast reflector 5, and the first fast reflector 5 is subjected to feedback adjustment by the first tracking camera 7, so that the initial optical axis calibration of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is completed.

The switching mirror assembly 4 is then switched to the second swing state, and the calibration beam is reflected to the switching mirror assembly 4 by the first beam splitter 3, and is reflected to the second fast mirror 12 by the switching mirror assembly 4. And then the calibration light beam is reflected to a third spectroscope 13 and a second tracking camera 14 sequentially through a second quick reflection mirror 12, and the feedback adjustment is carried out on the switching mirror assembly 4 through the second tracking camera 14, so that the initial optical axis calibration of the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is completed.

In this embodiment, the optical axis calibration assembly is used to perform initial optical axis calibration on the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly, so that the laser communication device has a self-checking function, and it is ensured that the correct path and pointing accuracy of the laser beam are maintained in the propagation process.

Here, the reflected light path of the first beam splitter 3 is coaxial with the propagation light path of the laser beam, so as to achieve an improvement in accuracy of initial optical axis calibration of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly.

It should be noted that, the first spectroscope 3 may adopt a lens with a lens transmittance of 98:2, and the system transmission surface type precision is less than or equal to 21nm, and the aperture is 25 nm.

The following describes the operation of a specific embodiment of the polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, beaconing-free laser communication device compatible with the present invention with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

Before the laser beam carrying the signal is irradiated to the laser transceiver component, the switching mirror component 4 is switched to the first swinging state, the calibration light source 20 is turned on, and the calibration light source 20 emits the calibration light beam. The calibration light beam is sequentially irradiated to the first spectroscope 3, the first quick reflection mirror 5, the polarizer 26, the second spectroscope 6 and the first tracking camera 7, and the first quick reflection mirror 5 is subjected to feedback adjustment through the first tracking camera 7, so that the initial optical axis calibration of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is completed.

And then the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched into a second swinging state, the calibration light beam is sequentially irradiated to the first spectroscope 3, the switching mirror assembly 4, the second quick reflection mirror 12, the third spectroscope 13 and the second tracking camera 14, and the feedback adjustment is carried out on the switching mirror assembly 4 through the second tracking camera 14, so that the initial optical axis calibration of the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is completed.

When the communication laser is polarization maintaining light, the first light transmission component is used as a laser receiving system, the polarization maintaining laser emitted by the external laser communication device is condensed by the main mirror 1, and the condensed laser beam is irradiated to the first quick reflection mirror 5 by the secondary mirror 2. At this time, the swing angle of the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to be parallel to the propagation path of the laser beam, for example, when the propagation path of the laser beam is horizontal, the switching mirror assembly 4 is horizontally disposed.

Meanwhile, the first quick reflecting mirror 5 is positioned on the propagation light path of the laser beam, and the laser beam after beam shrinking is reflected by the first quick reflecting mirror 5 and enters the second beam splitter 6. After passing through the second beam splitter 6, the laser beam is split into a first laser beam and a second laser beam. The second laser beam enters the first tracking camera 7, establishing a first tracking optical axis.

The first laser beam is reflected by the second beam splitter 6, enters the beam splitter prism 29, is screened by the beam splitter prism 29, and is transmitted into the first receiving lens 10, and is coupled to the first receiving detector 11 through the first receiving lens 10, so that a first light receiving path of the first light transmission component is established.

When the polarization maintaining optical transmission component is used as a laser emission system, the first laser 9 emits a collimated light beam, and the collimated light beam is reflected by the beam splitting prism 29 and enters the second beam splitter 6. After being reflected by the second beam splitter 6, the collimated beam passes through a polarizer 26 and is transmitted to the first fast reflector 5. After being reflected by the first quick reflection mirror 5, the collimated light beam is transmitted to the secondary mirror 2, then reflected to the main mirror 1, the first collimated light beam is expanded and emitted by the main mirror 1, so that communication link establishment with an external laser communication device is realized, and the bidirectional beaconing laser communication of the polarization maintaining light transmission assembly is completed.

When the communication laser is non-polarization maintaining light, the non-polarization maintaining light transmission component is used as a laser receiving system, after the laser carrying signals sent by the external laser communication device is condensed by the main mirror 1, the condensed laser beam is irradiated to the switching mirror component 4 by the secondary mirror 2 and reflected by the switching mirror component 4 to enter the non-polarization maintaining light transmission component. At this time, the swing angle of the switching mirror assembly 4 forms an included angle of-45 ° with the propagation path of the laser beam.

Meanwhile, the switching mirror assembly 4 is positioned on the propagation light path of the laser beam, and the laser beam after beam shrinking is reflected by the switching mirror assembly 4 to enter the second fast reflecting mirror 12 and is reflected by the second fast reflecting mirror 12 to the third spectroscope 13. After passing through the third beam splitter 13, the laser beam is split into a third laser beam and a fourth laser beam. Wherein the fourth laser beam enters the second tracking camera 14, establishing a second tracking optical axis.

The third laser beam is reflected by the third spectroscope 13, enters the dichroic mirror 36, is reflected by the dichroic mirror 36, enters the second receiving lens 18, is coupled to the second receiving detector 19 by the second receiving lens 18, and completes the establishment of a second light receiving path of the second light transmission assembly.

When the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission component is used as a laser emission system, the second laser 17 emits linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light is transmitted into the dichroic mirror 36 through the first emission lens 37, is transmitted into the third dichroic mirror 13 through the dichroic mirror 36, then the linearly polarized light is reflected to the second fast reflection mirror 12 by the third dichroic mirror 13, and the second collimated light beam is reflected to the switching mirror component 4 by the second fast reflection mirror 12. After being reflected by the switching mirror assembly 4, the second collimated light beam is transmitted to the secondary mirror 2, and then reflected to the primary mirror 1, the primary mirror 1 expands the second collimated light beam to be sent out, so that communication link establishment with an external laser communication device is realized, and bidirectional beaconing laser communication of the non-polarization maintaining light transmission assembly is completed.

A description is given below of a beaconing-free laser communication method compatible with polarization maintaining and non-polarization maintaining according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention with reference to fig. 3.

Fig. 3 illustrates a flowchart of a compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining beaconing laser communication method according to the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 3, the compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining beaconing laser communication method according to the present invention is based on the compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining beaconing laser communication device according to any one of the embodiments, and the compatible polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining beaconing laser communication method includes the following steps:

and 100, transmitting laser to a laser receiving and transmitting assembly, and carrying out beam shrinking on the laser through the laser receiving and transmitting assembly to obtain a laser beam after beam shrinking.

In this embodiment, the laser irradiates the reflecting surface of the main mirror 1 in the laser transceiver module, and the main mirror 1 can contract the parallel laser beam, so as to obtain the post-laser beam. And the condensed laser beam is reflected to the secondary mirror 2, and the laser beam is reflected to the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly or the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly through the secondary mirror 2, so that the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly or the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly can receive the laser beam carrying the signal.

Step 210, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the first swing state, the laser beam sequentially passes through the first quick reflection mirror 5, the polarizer 26, the second beam splitter 6 and the beam splitter prism 29, and the laser beam is received by the first light receiving element, so as to establish a first light receiving path.

In this embodiment, when the communication laser is polarization maintaining, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the first swing state, and the first quick reflection mirror 5 is located on the propagation path of the laser beam, and reflects the laser beam to the polarizer 26, and the laser beam is converted into linearly polarized light by the polarizer 26 and transmitted to the second beam splitter 6. After being reflected by the second beam splitter 6, the laser beam is transmitted to the beam splitter prism 29, after being screened by the beam splitter prism 29, the communication beam carrying the communication signal is transmitted into the first receiving lens 10 and is coupled to the first receiving detector 11 through the first receiving lens 10, and the first light receiving path of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is established, so that the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly can receive the polarization maintaining optical communication signal sent by the external communication laser communication device.

Specifically, step 210 includes:

step 211, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the first swing state, the laser beam is reflected to the polarizer 26 through the first fast reflector 5, and is transmitted to the second beam splitter 6 after passing through the polarizer 26, and the second beam splitter 6 splits the laser beam into the first laser beam and the second laser beam.

In step 212, the second laser beam is transmitted through the second beam splitter 6, enters the first tracking camera 7, and establishes a first tracking optical axis through the first tracking camera 7, so that the quality and transmission reliability of the optical signal are improved.

In step 213, the first laser beam is reflected by the second beam splitter 6, enters the beam splitter prism 29, passes through the light screening, and enters the first receiving lens 10, and is coupled to the first receiving detector 11 through the first receiving lens 10, so as to establish a first light receiving path, and receive the laser beam carrying the signal.

Or, in step 310, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the second swing state, the laser beam is emitted to the switching mirror assembly 4, and the laser beam is emitted to the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly via the switching mirror assembly 4, so as to establish the second optical receiving path.

In this embodiment, when the communication laser is non-polarization maintaining light, the switching mirror assembly 4 is located on the propagation light path of the laser beam, the laser beam after beam shrinking is reflected by the switching mirror assembly 4 to enter the non-polarization maintaining light transmission assembly, and the first light receiving path of the non-polarization maintaining light transmission assembly is established, so that the non-polarization maintaining light transmission assembly can receive the non-polarization maintaining light communication signal sent by the external communication laser communication device.

Specifically, step 310 includes:

in step 321, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the second swing state, and the laser beam is reflected to the third beam splitter 13 through the switching mirror assembly 4 and the second fast reflector 12, and the third beam splitter 13 splits the laser beam into a third laser beam and a fourth laser beam.

In step 322, the fourth laser beam is transmitted through the third spectroscope 13, enters the second tracking camera 14, and establishes a second tracking optical axis through the second tracking camera 14, thereby improving the quality and transmission reliability of the optical signal.

In step 323, the third laser beam is reflected by the second beam splitter 6, enters the dichroic mirror 36, and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 36 and enters the second receiving lens 18, and the third laser beam is coupled to the second receiving detector 19 by the second receiving lens 18, so as to establish a second light receiving path, and receive the laser beam carrying the signal.

Further, in this embodiment, after step 210, the method further includes:

step 220, the first laser 9 is used to emit a collimated beam, and the collimated beam is transmitted to the laser transceiver assembly through the first optical receiving path, and the collimated beam is expanded and emitted through the laser transceiver assembly.

In this embodiment, when the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is a laser emission system, a first laser 9 emits a collimated beam, and the laser transceiver assembly expands the collimated beam to emit the collimated beam, so that a communication link between the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and an external laser communication device is effectively implemented, and the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly can transmit a laser communication signal to the external laser communication device, thereby completing bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly.

Specifically, step 220 includes:

in step 411, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the first swing state, and a collimated beam is emitted by the first laser 9.

In step 412, the collimated light beam is reflected by the beam splitter prism 29 and enters the second beam splitter 6, reflected by the second beam splitter 6 and enters the polarizer 26, and the collimated light beam is reflected by the polarizer 26 and enters the first quick reflector 5.

In step 413, the collimated light beam is reflected by the first fast reflecting mirror 5 into the secondary mirror 2, reflected by the secondary mirror 2 into the primary mirror 1, and the collimated light beam is expanded and emitted by the primary mirror 1.

Further, in this embodiment, after step 310, the method further includes:

step 320, the second laser 17 is used to emit linearly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light is transmitted to the laser transceiver component through the second light receiving path, and the linearly polarized light is expanded and emitted through the laser transceiver component.

In this embodiment, when the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission component is used as a laser emission system, the second laser 17 emits linearly polarized light, and the laser transceiver component expands and emits the linearly polarized light, so that communication link establishment between the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission component and an external laser communication device is effectively realized, and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission component can send a laser communication signal to the external laser communication device, thereby completing bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication of the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission component.

Specifically, step 320 includes:

step 410, switching the switching mirror assembly 4 to the second oscillation state, the linearly polarized light being emitted by the second laser 17.

In step 420, the linearly polarized light is transmitted through the dichroic mirror 36 into the third dichroic mirror 13, reflected through the third dichroic mirror 13 into the second fast reflecting mirror 12, and reflected through the second fast reflecting mirror 12 into the switching mirror assembly 4.

In step 430, the linearly polarized light is reflected by the switching mirror assembly 4 into the secondary mirror 2, reflected by the secondary mirror 2 into the primary mirror 1, and the collimated light beam is expanded and emitted by the primary mirror 1.

In an embodiment of the present invention, before the step of transmitting the laser to the laser transceiver component, performing beam shrinking on the laser by the laser transceiver component to obtain a laser beam after beam shrinking, the method further includes:

step 110, performing initial optical axis calibration on the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly, and performing initial optical axis calibration on the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly.

In this embodiment, the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly are respectively calibrated by performing initial optical axis calibration, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly and the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly, so as to ensure that the laser beam can maintain correct path and pointing precision in the propagation process.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the step 110 includes the following steps:

step 111, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched to the first swing state, the calibration light source 20 is turned on, the calibration light beam is irradiated to the first spectroscope 3, the calibration light beam is reflected to the first fast reflecting mirror 5 through the first spectroscope 3, the calibration light beam is sequentially reflected to the polarizer 26 and the second spectroscope 6 through the first fast reflecting mirror 5, and the calibration light beam is transmitted to the first tracking camera 7 through the second spectroscope 6.

And step 112, the swing angle of the first quick reflection mirror 5 is adjusted through feedback of the first tracking camera 7, and initial optical axis calibration of the polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly is completed.

Step 113, switching the switching mirror assembly 4 to the second swing state, reflecting the calibration beam to the switching mirror assembly 4 through the first spectroscope 3, and reflecting the calibration beam to the second quick reflection mirror 12 through the switching mirror assembly 4; the calibration beam is then reflected in turn via a second fast mirror 12 to a third beam splitter 13 and a second tracking camera 14.

Step 114, the second tracking camera 14 is used for feeding back and adjusting the switching mirror assembly 4, so as to complete the initial optical axis calibration of the non-polarization maintaining optical transmission assembly.

A bi-directional beaconing laser communication device provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with fig. 4.

Fig. 4 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, when all communication lights input into the laser transceiver are unpolarized lights, the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device includes a laser transceiver and an optical communication unit in order to improve communication efficiency of the laser communication device. The laser receiving and transmitting assembly is used for carrying out beam shrinking on the laser carrying the signal so as to obtain a laser beam after beam shrinking. The optical communication unit comprises a first optical transmission assembly, a second optical transmission assembly and a switching mirror assembly 4, wherein the first optical transmission assembly, the second optical transmission assembly and the switching mirror assembly 4 are all positioned on the same side of the laser transceiver assembly, and the switching mirror assembly 4 is positioned between the first optical transmission assembly and the second optical transmission assembly. The first optical transmission component is suitable for being used as a laser signal receiving system or a laser signal transmitting system, and the second optical transmission component is suitable for being used as a laser signal receiving system or a laser signal transmitting system.

The switching mirror assembly 4 is adapted to switch between a first oscillation state in which the first optical transmission assembly is located on the propagation optical path of the laser beam and a second oscillation state in which the laser transceiver assembly is adapted to transmit the laser beam to the first optical transmission assembly such that the first optical transmission assembly receives the laser beam. In the second oscillation state, the laser transceiver assembly is adapted to emit a laser beam to the switching mirror assembly 4, and the second optical transmission assembly is located on the reflected light path of the switching mirror assembly 4, so that the second optical transmission assembly receives the laser beam through the switching mirror assembly 4.

According to the switchable bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the switchable bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device receives the laser carrying the signal from the outside, the laser carrying the signal is condensed by the laser receiving and transmitting assembly, so that the condensed laser beam is obtained.

When the first optical transmission component is used as a laser signal receiving system, the switching mirror component 4 is switched to a first swinging state, and at this time, the first optical transmission component is positioned on a transmission optical path of the laser beam after beam shrinking. And the laser receiving and transmitting assembly transmits the laser beam after beam shrinking to the first optical transmission assembly, so that the first optical transmission assembly can receive the laser beam after beam shrinking.

When the second optical transmission component is used as a laser signal receiving system, the switching mirror component 4 is switched to a second swinging state, and at the moment, the switching mirror component 4 is positioned on a transmission optical path of the laser beam after beam shrinking, and the laser receiving and transmitting component transmits the laser beam to the switching mirror component 4. And because the second optical transmission component is located on the reflection optical path of the switching mirror component 4, the laser beam after beam shrinking is reflected by the switching mirror component 4, and the laser beam after beam shrinking enters the second optical transmission component, so that the second optical transmission component can receive the laser beam after beam shrinking.

In the invention, the switching mirror assembly 4 is switched between the first swing state and the second swing state, so that the laser beam carrying signals can enter the first optical transmission assembly or the second optical transmission assembly according to actual requirements, the laser receiving system of the laser communication device can be switched according to the actual requirements, the flexibility of the laser communication device in use is effectively improved, the integration level of the laser communication device is improved, and the integrated load requirements of laser communication are met.

In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, the first light transmission assembly comprises a first fast mirror 5, a second beam splitter 6 and a first tracking camera 7. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the first swinging state, the first quick reflection mirror 5 is located on the propagation light path of the laser beam, the second beam splitter 6 is disposed between the first quick reflection mirror 5 and the first tracking camera 7, and the second beam splitter 6 and the first tracking camera 7 are both located on the reflection light path of the first quick reflection mirror 5.

In this embodiment, when the first optical transmission component is used as the laser receiving system, the switching mirror component 4 is switched to the first swinging state, and at this time, the first quick reflection mirror 5 is located on the propagation path of the laser beam, the laser receiving and transmitting component transmits the laser beam to the first quick reflection mirror 5, and reflects the laser beam to the second beam splitter 6 through reflection of the first quick reflection mirror 5, and the laser beam is split into the first laser beam and the second laser beam through the second beam splitter 6.

The first laser beam enters the first tracking camera 7 after being transmitted by the second beam splitter 6, and a first tracking optical axis is established through the first tracking camera 7, so that the quality and the transmission reliability of optical signals are improved.

Here, the first optical transmission assembly and the second optical transmission assembly are both mounted on the two-dimensional turntable. After the first laser beam enters the first tracking camera 7, the first tracking camera 7 controls the two-dimensional turntable to perform coarse closed loop control, namely, the orientations of the first tracking camera 7 and the first quick reflection mirror 5 are adjusted. The first tracking camera 7 regenerates a new tracking camera window and reduces the window opening size through software control, then forms a precise closed loop control with the first quick reflection mirror 5 and completes the capturing and chain building process, so as to inhibit high-frequency noise in the optical signal and improve the quality and transmission reliability of the optical signal.

As shown in fig. 4, the first light transmission assembly further includes a first dichroic mirror 8, a first receiving lens 10, and a first receiving detector 11. The first dichroic mirror 8 is disposed between the second beam splitter 6 and the first receiving lens 10, the first dichroic mirror 8 and the first receiving lens 10 are both disposed on the reflection path of the second beam splitter 6, and the first receiving detector 11 is disposed at the focal point of the first receiving lens 10.

The second laser beam enters the first dichroic mirror 8 after being reflected by the second dichroic mirror 6, and enters the first receiving lens 10 after being transmitted by the first dichroic mirror 8. The second laser beam is coupled to the first receiving detector 11 through the first receiving lens 10, whereby the reception of the signal carrying laser beam is achieved. And the first receiving detector converts the optical signal carried by the laser beam into an electric signal to finish the processing of the laser beam.

In the present embodiment, by transmitting the laser beam between the first quick reflection mirror 5, the second beam splitter 6, the first dichroic mirror 8, and the first receiving lens 10, and receiving the laser beam by the first receiving detector 11, the first light receiving path of the first light transmission assembly is established, so that the first light transmission assembly can receive the laser communication signal emitted from the external laser communication device.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the first light transmission assembly further comprises a first laser 9, the first laser 9 being located in the reflected light path of the first dichroic mirror 8, the first laser 9 being adapted to emit a collimated light beam carrying a signal towards the first dichroic mirror 8. In this embodiment, the first laser may emit a collimated beam of a particular wavelength, where the particular wavelength of the collimated beam is 1540nm and 1563nm.

In this embodiment, when the first optical transmission component is used as the laser signal transmitting system, the switching mirror component 4 is in the first swinging state, the collimated beam carrying the signal is transmitted to the first dichroic mirror 8 by the first laser 9, and the collimated beam is reflected by the first dichroic mirror 8, enters the second dichroic mirror 6, is reflected by the second dichroic mirror 6, enters the first fast reflecting mirror 5, and is reflected by the first fast reflecting mirror 5 to the laser receiving and transmitting component. At this time, the laser receiving and transmitting assembly can expand the direct light beam and send out the communication light beam after expanding the beam, and the communication between the first optical transmission assembly and the external laser communication device is established by the communication light beam, so that the first optical transmission assembly can send laser communication signals to the external laser communication device, and further the bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication of the first optical transmission assembly is completed.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the second light transmission assembly includes a second quick reflection mirror 12, a third beam splitter 13, and a second tracking camera 14. When the switching mirror assembly 4 is in the second swinging state, the second quick reflection mirror 12 is located on the reflection light path of the switching mirror assembly 4, the third spectroscope 13 is disposed between the second quick reflection mirror 12 and the second tracking camera 14, and the third spectroscope 13 and the second tracking camera 14 are both located on the reflection light path of the second quick reflection mirror 12.

In this embodiment, when the second optical transmission component is used as the laser receiving system, the switching mirror component 4 is switched to the second swinging state, and the switching mirror component 4 is located on the propagation optical path of the laser beam. The laser transceiver assembly emits a laser beam to the switching mirror assembly 4, and then reflects the laser beam to the second fast mirror 12 via reflection by the switching mirror assembly 4. And reflects the laser beam to the third beam splitter 13 by reflection of the second fast reflecting mirror 12, and splits the laser beam into a third laser beam and a fourth laser beam by the third beam splitter 13.

The third laser beam enters the second tracking camera 14 after being transmitted by the third spectroscope 13, and a second tracking optical axis is established through the second tracking camera 14, so that the quality and the transmission reliability of the optical signal are improved.

As shown in fig. 4, the second light transmission assembly further comprises a mirror 15, a second dichroic mirror 16, a second receiving lens 18 and a second receiving detector 19. The reflecting mirror 15 is located on the reflecting light path of the third spectroscope 13, the second dichroic mirror 16 is disposed between the reflecting mirror 15 and the second receiving lens 18, the second dichroic mirror 16 and the second receiving lens 18 are both located on the reflecting light path of the third spectroscope 13, and the second receiving detector 19 is disposed at the focus of the second receiving lens 18.

The fourth laser beam is reflected by the third beam splitter 13 and enters the reflecting mirror 15, reflected by the second beam splitter 16, and transmitted by the second beam splitter 16 to the second receiving lens 18. The fourth laser beam is coupled to a second receiving detector 19 via a second receiving lens 18, whereby reception of the signal carrying laser beam is achieved.

In this embodiment, the second light receiving path of the second light transmission assembly is established by transmitting the laser beam between the switching mirror assembly 4, the second quick reflection mirror 12, the third beam splitter 13, the reflecting mirror 15, the second dichroic mirror 16, and the first receiving lens 10, and receiving the laser beam by the second receiving detector 19.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the second light transmission assembly further comprises a second laser 17, the second laser 17 being located on the reflected light path of the second dichroic mirror 16, the second laser 17 being adapted to emit a collimated light beam carrying a signal towards the second dichroic mirror 16.

In this embodiment, when the second optical transmission component is used as the laser signal transmitting system, the switching mirror component 4 is in the second swinging state, and the collimated light beam carrying the signal is transmitted to the second dichroic mirror 16 by the second laser 17, and the collimated light beam is reflected by the second dichroic mirror 16, enters the reflecting mirror 15, and is reflected by the reflecting mirror 15, and then enters the third dichroic mirror 13. The third beam splitter 13 then reflects the collimated beam to the second fast reflector 12, and reflects the collimated beam to the switching mirror assembly 4 through the second fast reflector 12, and finally reflects the collimated beam to the laser transceiver assembly through the switching mirror assembly 4. At the moment, the laser receiving and transmitting assembly can expand the direct light beam and send out the communication light beam after expanding the beam, and communication link establishment between the two-way beaconing-free laser communication device and the external laser communication device is realized through the communication light beam, so that two-way beaconing-free laser communication of the second optical transmission assembly is completed.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining compatible two-way beaconing-free laser communication device, comprising:

2. The polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, bi-directional beaconing laser communication device of claim 1, wherein the polarization-maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a first tracking camera positioned on the transmission optical path of the second beam splitter;

3. The polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, bi-directional beaconing laser communication device of claim 2, wherein the polarization-maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a first laser positioned on the reflective optical path of the splitting prism, the first laser adapted to emit a collimated beam of light carrying a signal to the first laser.

4. The polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining compatible two-way beaconing-free laser communication device according to claim 1, wherein the non-polarization-maintaining optical transmission assembly comprises a second fast reflector, a third spectroscope, a dichroic mirror, a second receiving lens and a second receiving detector, wherein the third spectroscope is positioned on the reflection light path of the second fast reflector, the dichroic mirror is positioned on the reflection light path of the third spectroscope, the second receiving lens is positioned on the reflection light path of the dichroic mirror, and the second receiving detector is arranged at the focus of the second receiving lens;

5. The polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, bi-directional beaconing laser communication device of claim 4, wherein the non-polarization-maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a second tracking camera, the second tracking camera being positioned in the transmission optical path of the third beam splitter.

6. The polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, bi-directional beaconing-free laser communication device of claim 5, wherein the non-polarization-maintaining optical transmission assembly further comprises a second laser and a first emission lens, the first emission lens being positioned in a transmission path of the dichroic mirror, the second laser being positioned at a focal point of the first emission lens, the second laser being adapted to emit a collimated beam of light toward the first emission lens.

7. The polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, bi-directional beaconing-free laser communication device of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

8. The polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, bi-directional beaconing laser communication device of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the laser transceiver assembly comprises a primary mirror and a secondary mirror, the reflective surface of the primary mirror being concave, the secondary mirror being disposed at the focal point of the reflective surface of the primary mirror;

9. A polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining compatible bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication method, which is based on the polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining compatible bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized in that the polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining compatible bidirectional beaconing-free laser communication method comprises the following steps:

10. The polarization-maintaining, non-polarization-maintaining, bi-directional beaconing-free laser communication method of claim 9, further comprising, prior to the step of transmitting the laser to a laser transceiver assembly, shrinking the laser beam by the laser transceiver assembly to obtain a shrunk laser beam: