CN117353346A - Demand response method and device for communication base station and power system - Google Patents
Demand response method and device for communication base station and power system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a demand response method of a communication base station and a power system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring communication base station data contained in a virtual power plant and demand response offer power of a power system at each scheduling moment; sequencing the communication base stations according to the energy storage resource participation demand response cost to obtain a sequencing result; grouping the communication base stations according to the sequencing result to obtain a grouping result; and constructing a plurality of communication base station clusters according to the sequencing result and the grouping result, sequentially carrying out aggregation calculation on the communication base station clusters according to the sequence until the aggregated demand response power reaches the demand response offer power of each scheduling moment, or completing calculation on all the communication base stations, and generating virtual power plant aggregation results by taking the virtual power plant actual power obtained by aggregation at all the scheduling moments as communication base station energy storage resources and reporting the virtual power plant aggregation results to the power system to complete demand response on the communication base stations and the power system. The invention adopting the scheme realizes the rapid aggregation of the energy storage resources of the communication base station.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of operation control of power systems, in particular to a demand response method and device of a communication base station and a power system.
Background
Under the background of carbon peak, carbon neutralization, new energy permeability in an electric power system is improved year by year, and the requirement for flexibility adjustment capability is greatly improved due to randomness, intermittence and fluctuation of new energy power generation. In recent years, the user side mostly adopts electrochemical energy storage as a standby battery, such as a 5G communication base station, but the energy storage resource idle rate of the communication base station is too high, and the reliability of a power supply system of a communication power supply of the base station is higher, so that the standby battery is in an idle or floating charge state for a long time, and the standby battery has the potential of providing flexibility for a power system.
The invention patent with application number 202310226015.9 discloses a method and equipment for scheduling energy storage resources of communication base stations, but the invention patent solves the problem that the optimization problem is too large in scale when the number of the communication base stations is too large, and the number of integer variables is large, so that the solving performance is difficult to ensure. If the clustering aggregation method is not adopted, the original method has about 100 ten thousand decision variables when solving the optimization problem of 5000 base stations, the actual solving time usually takes several hours, and the memory, the computing resource and the like are also required to be too large, so that the method is difficult to adapt to the actual application.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, a first object of the present application is to provide a demand response method for a communication base station and an electric power system, which solves the technical problems that the actual solving time of the existing method usually needs several hours, the requirements on memory, computing resources and the like are too large, and the application is difficult to adapt to the actual application, and realizes the rapid aggregation of the energy storage resources of the communication base station.
A second object of the present application is to provide a demand response device for a communication base station and a power system.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a demand response method for a communication base station and a power system, including: the method comprises the steps of obtaining communication base station data contained in a virtual power plant and demand response offer power of an electric power system at each scheduling moment, wherein the communication base station data comprise the number of communication base stations and energy storage resource parameters in all communication base stations, and the energy storage resource parameters comprise energy storage resource participation demand response cost; sequencing the communication base stations according to the energy storage resource participation demand response cost to obtain a sequencing result; grouping the communication base stations according to the sequencing result to obtain a grouping result; and constructing at least one communication base station cluster to be aggregated according to the sequencing result and the grouping result, sequentially carrying out aggregation calculation on the communication base station clusters according to the sequence until the aggregated demand response power reaches the demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of the power system, or completing calculation on all communication base stations, and generating a virtual power plant aggregation result by taking the virtual power plant actual power obtained by aggregation at all scheduling moments as the energy storage resource of the communication base stations to report the virtual power plant aggregation result to the power system, thereby completing the demand response on the communication base stations and the power system.
According to the demand response method for the communication base station and the power system, the virtual power plant aggregation problem formed by the energy storage resources of the large-scale communication base station is decomposed into the aggregation problem of a plurality of small-scale communication base station clusters by using the clustering calculation method, parallel calculation and other technologies are supported, and the rapid aggregation of the energy storage resources of the communication base station can be realized.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the communication base station cluster is expressed as:
Ω cu ＝{k∈Z|n+1≤k≤n+L,k≤N}
wherein Ω cu The number of the communication base stations in the set formed by the communication base station clusters currently being calculated in the sorting result is denoted by k, N is the number of the communication base stations already being calculated, L is the number of the communication base stations calculated in each grouping, and N is the total number of the base stations.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, before performing the aggregation calculation on the communication base station cluster sequentially in sequence, the method further includes:
initializing data used in the calculation process to 0, wherein the data comprise actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment and calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment;
the calculated number of communication base stations is set to 0.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the aggregation calculation is performed sequentially on the communication base station cluster, including:
acquiring the number of the calculated communication base stations;
acquiring a communication base station cluster currently being calculated according to the number of the calculated communication base stations;
performing aggregation calculation on the communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated to obtain an optimal value of total active power of the communication base station energy storage resource cluster which is currently being aggregated at each scheduling moment, and calculating the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment after aggregation and the calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment according to the optimal value;
judging whether the calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment after aggregation reaches the demand response offer power at each scheduling moment of the power system, stopping aggregation calculation of the communication base station cluster if the demand response offer power is reached, and updating the calculated number of the communication base stations if the demand response offer power is not reached;
judging whether the number of the updated calculated communication base stations is smaller than the total number of the base stations, if not, stopping the aggregation calculation of the communication base station cluster, and if so, updating the communication base station cluster currently being calculated and carrying out the aggregation calculation again;
and taking the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment after final aggregation calculation as an aggregation calculation result.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, performing aggregate computation on the currently computing communication base station cluster includes:
constructing an objective function of a communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated;
constructing constraint conditions of a communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated;
and solving an objective function by using a branch-and-bound method according to the constraint condition to obtain the optimal value of the total active power of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station currently being aggregated at each scheduling moment.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the objective function is expressed as:
wherein,mains supply price at time t +.>For the total active power of the cluster instant T currently being calculated, deltaT is the time interval of two adjacent scheduling instants,/->Price subsidized for unit power in response to upward/downward demand, respectively,/>Up/down power, respectively, of the cluster of communication base stations participating in the demand response at time t,/>Cost of participating in demand response for communication base station energy storage resource k, < >>Indicating whether the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station discharges at the time t.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the constraint includes:
wherein,indicating whether the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station discharges at the time t, and (a) is%>A state indicating whether the kth communication base station starts discharging at the scheduling time t +.>Represents the maximum response times of energy storage resources of a base station k in one day, gamma represents the set of all scheduling moments t, and gamma k,use Represents the set of all dischargeable moments of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station,/th communication base station>Indicating the charging state of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t, gamma k,in Represents the set of all chargeable moments of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station,/for>Minimum duration of discharging energy storage resource for communication base station k,/->Representing the maximum response time of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station within one day,/day>Maximum chargeable amount of energy storage resource for communication base station k, < >>Maximum dischargeable amount of energy storage resources for kth communication base station, < >>Charging power for energy storage resource of kth communication base station, < >>Discharging power for energy storage resource of kth communication base station, < >>Indicating the total active power of the cluster of energy storage resources of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling instant t +.>A power predictive value representing the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t,/for the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station> Up/down power, respectively, of the cluster of communication base stations participating in the demand response at time t,/>Demand response offer power for power system scheduling time t, +.>The power is responded to for the aggregated demand at scheduling time t.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduled time is expressed as:
wherein,representing the actual power of the communication base station currently aggregated by the virtual power plant at the scheduling instant t +.>Indicating the total existence of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling time tOptimum value of the power;
the calculated demand response power at each scheduling instant is expressed as:
wherein,representing the optimal value of the total active power of the cluster of energy storage resources of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling instant t +.>And the power predicted value of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t is shown.
To achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a demand response device for a communication base station and an electric power system, including an acquisition module, a sorting module, a grouping module, and an aggregation calculation module, wherein,
the power system comprises an acquisition module, a control module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring communication base station data contained in a virtual power plant and demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of a power system, the communication base station data comprises the number of communication base stations and energy storage resource parameters in all communication base stations, and the energy storage resource parameters comprise energy storage resource participation demand response cost;
the sequencing module is used for sequencing the communication base stations according to the energy storage resource participation demand response cost to obtain a sequencing result;
the grouping module is used for grouping the communication base stations according to the ordering result to obtain a grouping result;
the aggregation calculation module is used for constructing at least one communication base station cluster to be aggregated according to the sequencing result and the grouping result, sequentially carrying out aggregation calculation on the communication base station clusters according to the sequence until the aggregated demand response power reaches the demand response offer power of the power system at each scheduling moment, or completing calculation on all communication base stations, and generating virtual power plant aggregation results by taking the virtual power plant actual power obtained by aggregation at all scheduling moments as communication base station energy storage resources and reporting the virtual power plant aggregation results to the power system to complete the demand response of the communication base stations and the power system.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the communication base station cluster is expressed as:
Ω cu ＝{k∈Z|n+1≤k≤n+L,k≤N}
wherein Ω cu The number of the communication base stations in the set formed by the communication base station clusters currently being calculated in the sorting result is denoted by k, N is the number of the communication base stations already being calculated, L is the number of the communication base stations calculated in each grouping, and N is the total number of the base stations.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for responding to demand of a communication base station and a power system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication base station and a power system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a demand response system of a communication base station and a power system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication base station and a demand response device of a power system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
The following describes a demand response method and apparatus of a communication base station and a power system according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for responding to a demand of a communication base station and a power system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the demand response method of the communication base station and the power system includes the following steps:
step 101, acquiring communication base station data contained in a virtual power plant and demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of a power system, wherein the communication base station data comprises the number of communication base stations and energy storage resource parameters in all communication base stations, and the energy storage resource parameters comprise energy storage resource participation demand response cost;
step 102, sequencing the communication base stations according to the energy storage resource participation demand response cost to obtain a sequencing result;
step 103, grouping the communication base stations according to the ordering result to obtain a grouping result;
and 104, constructing at least one communication base station cluster to be aggregated according to the sequencing result and the grouping result, sequentially carrying out aggregation calculation on the communication base station clusters according to the sequence until the aggregated demand response power reaches the demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of the power system, or completing calculation on all communication base stations, and generating a virtual power plant aggregation result by taking the virtual power plant actual power obtained by aggregation at all scheduling moments as a communication base station energy storage resource and reporting the virtual power plant aggregation result to the power system to complete the demand response of the communication base stations and the power system.
According to the demand response method for the communication base station and the power system, the virtual power plant aggregation problem formed by the energy storage resources of the large-scale communication base station is decomposed into aggregation problems of a plurality of small-scale communication base station clusters by using a clustering calculation method, parallel calculation and other technologies are supported, the energy storage resources of the communication base station can be utilized to the maximum extent, the energy storage cluster aggregate can reach the admission rule of the power system, and meanwhile, extra benefits are obtained by participation in demand response while flexibility is provided for the power system, so that win-win results of improving the flexibility of a power grid and increasing extra benefits of an energy storage cluster operator are achieved.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the communication base station cluster is expressed as:
Ω cu ＝{k∈Z|n+1≤k≤n+L,k≤N}
wherein Ω cu The number of the communication base stations in the set formed by the communication base station clusters currently being calculated in the sorting result is denoted by k, N is the number of the communication base stations already being calculated, L is the number of the communication base stations calculated in each grouping, and N is the total number of the base stations.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, before performing the aggregation calculation on the communication base station cluster sequentially in sequence, the method further includes:
initializing data used in the calculation process to 0, wherein the data comprise actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment and calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment;
the calculated number of communication base stations is set to 0.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the aggregation calculation is performed sequentially on the communication base station cluster, including:
acquiring the number of the calculated communication base stations;
acquiring a communication base station cluster currently being calculated according to the number of the calculated communication base stations;
performing aggregation calculation on the communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated to obtain an optimal value of total active power of the communication base station energy storage resource cluster which is currently being aggregated at each scheduling moment, and calculating the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment after aggregation and the calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment according to the optimal value;
judging whether the calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment after aggregation reaches the demand response offer power at each scheduling moment of the power system, stopping aggregation calculation of the communication base station cluster if the demand response offer power is reached, and updating the calculated number of the communication base stations if the demand response offer power is not reached;
judging whether the number of the updated calculated communication base stations is smaller than the total number of the base stations, if not, stopping the aggregation calculation of the communication base station cluster, and if so, updating the communication base station cluster currently being calculated and carrying out the aggregation calculation again;
and taking the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment after final aggregation calculation as an aggregation calculation result.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, performing aggregate computation on the currently computing communication base station cluster includes:
constructing an objective function of a communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated;
constructing constraint conditions of a communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated;
and solving an objective function by using a branch-and-bound method according to the constraint condition to obtain the optimal value of the total active power of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station currently being aggregated at each scheduling moment.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the objective function is expressed as:
wherein,mains supply price at time t +.>For the total active power of the cluster instant T currently being calculated, deltaT is the time interval of two adjacent scheduling instants,/->Price subsidized for unit power in response to upward/downward demand, respectively,/>Respectively, communication base station clusters participate at time tUp/down power of demand response, +.>Cost of participating in demand response for communication base station energy storage resource k, < >>Indicating whether the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station discharges at the time t.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the constraint includes:
wherein,indicating whether the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station discharges at the time t, and (a) is%>A state indicating whether the kth communication base station starts discharging at the scheduling time t +.>Represents the maximum response times of energy storage resources of a base station k in one day, gamma represents the set of all scheduling moments t, and gamma k,use Represents the set of all dischargeable moments of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station,/th communication base station>Indicating the charging state of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t, gamma k,in Represents the set of all chargeable moments of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station,/for>Minimum duration of discharging energy storage resource for communication base station k,/->Representing the maximum response time of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station within one day,/day>Maximum chargeable amount of energy storage resource for communication base station k, < >>Maximum dischargeable amount of energy storage resources for kth communication base station, < >>Charging power for energy storage resource of kth communication base station, < >>Discharging power for energy storage resource of kth communication base station, < >>Indicating the total active power of the cluster of energy storage resources of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling instant t +.>A power predictive value representing the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t,/for the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station> Up/down power, respectively, of the cluster of communication base stations participating in the demand response at time t,/>Demand response offer power for power system scheduling time t, +.>The power is responded to for the aggregated demand at scheduling time t.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduled time is expressed as:
wherein,representing the actual power of the communication base station currently aggregated by the virtual power plant at the scheduling instant t +.>Representing the optimal value of the total active power of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling time t;
the calculated demand response power at each scheduling instant is expressed as:
wherein,representing the optimal value of the total active power of the cluster of energy storage resources of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling instant t +.>And the power predicted value of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t is shown.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication base station and a power system related to a demand response system of the communication base station and the power system according to the present embodiment, and fig. 3 is a flow chart of the demand response system of the communication base station and the power system according to the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the system includes:
(1) Input data, comprising: virtual power plant comprising a communication base station totalThe number N, the energy storage resource parameters in all communication base stations contained in the virtual power plant (including the minimum interval time of two responses of the energy storage resource of the communication base station iCommunication base station i energy storage resource maximum response time within one day +.>Communication base station i energy storage resource maximum chargeable amount +.>Communication base station i energy storage resource maximum dischargeable quantity +.>Communication base station i energy storage resource discharge power +.>Communication base station i energy storage resource charging powerCommunication base station i energy storage resource participation demand response cost ∈>Maximum response times (in a day) of energy storage resources of base station i>Power prediction value +/for each scheduling instant t for communication base station i>Wherein the power prediction can be obtained by a load prediction module or a communication base station operation plan, other parameters can be obtained from an energy storage resource instruction or an operation procedure in the communication base station), and the power of the t demand response offer is +.>Available from the power system or from the power market;
(2) Initializing intermediate variables and result variables used in the calculation process: enabling each scheduling moment t to be virtual to the actual power of the power plant(superscript act actual), let each scheduling instant t have calculated the response power +.>(superscript cal stands for aggregated);
(3) Responding the cost of the communication base station according to the participation requirement of energy storage resourcesSequencing from small to large to obtain a sequence of the energy storage resources of the communication base station arranged from small to large according to the demand response cost; the energy storage resource participation demand response cost of the communication base station with smaller sequence number is lower;
(4) Setting a variable n=0 representing the number of communication base stations calculated, and setting the number L of communication base stations calculated each time by grouping, wherein in an actual embodiment, the value of L is 50;
(5) The clustering is carried out aggregation calculation, and the specific calculation steps are as follows:
(5-1) judging the size relation between the calculated number N of the base stations and the total number N of the base stations, if N is less than N, turning to the step (5-2), otherwise, finishing cluster calculation, and turning to the step (6);
(5-2) constructing a set Ω made up of the communication base station cluster numbers currently being calculated cu The construction method is as follows:
Ω cu ＝{k∈Z|n+1≤k≤n+L,k≤N}
wherein Z is an integer set, and k is a communication base station serial number in a set formed by a communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated;
(5-3) constructing an objective function of the cluster aggregation problem of the communication base station currently being calculated:
wherein t is the scheduling time, k is the serial number of the communication base station, and Ω cu For the set of base station numbers in the cluster of communication base stations currently being calculated (subscript cu stands for current, current),for the k-th communication base station, 0-1 variable of whether the energy storage resource is discharged at the time t (the energy storage resource is not discharged to 0, the energy storage resource is discharged to 1, and the subscript out represents discharge),>for the total active power of the cluster time T currently being calculated (the superscript cl represents the cluster), Δt is the time interval between two adjacent scheduling times, in this embodiment 15 minutes; />For the utility power price at time t, superscript e represents electric,the price of the unit power subsidy is respectively responded to the upward/downward demand (the superscript R represents Revenue, profit; +/-represents upward/downward adjustment),>the cost of participating in Demand Response for the energy storage resource k of the communication base station (the subscript DR represents Demand Response), and the price information can be obtained by the electric power market rule or from the power grid dispatching center; />Respectively enabling the communication base station energy storage resource clusters in the virtual power plant to participate in upward power and downward power of demand response at a scheduling time t;
(5-4) constructing constraint conditions of the cluster aggregation problem of the communication base station currently being calculated:
constraint condition 1, constraint condition of maximum response times of energy storage resources in kth communication base station in one day:
wherein,a state variable 0-1,1 for describing whether the kth communication base station starts discharging at the scheduling time t represents that the scheduling time t is the time at which the kth communication base station starts discharging; 0 represents that the scheduling time t is not the time when the kth communication base station starts discharging; gamma represents the set of all scheduling instants t; />Represents the maximum response times, omega, of energy storage resources of base station k in one day cu Energy storage resource clusters for communication base stations in the virtual power plant;
constraint condition 2, constraint condition of energy storage resource allowable discharge period in kth communication base station:
wherein, gamma k,use A set formed by all dischargeable moments of energy storage resources of the kth communication base station;
constraint 3, constraint of energy storage resource allowable charging period in kth communication base station:
wherein,for the k communication base station at the scheduling time t, the state of charge variable 0-1,1 represents that the k communication base station is charged at the scheduling time t, 0 represents that the k communication base station energy storage resource is not charged at the scheduling time t, in represents that the k communication base station energy storage resource is charged, and the k communication base station energy storage resource is a set formed by all chargeable times;
constraint condition 4, constraint condition of single minimum discharge time of energy storage resources in kth communication base station:
wherein,discharging the energy storage resource of the communication base station k for a minimum duration;
constraint condition 5, constraint condition of maximum response time in a single day of energy storage resources in the kth communication base station:
where y represents the set of all scheduling instants,representing the maximum response time of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station in one day;
constraint condition 6, constraint condition of single-day maximum charge amount and maximum discharge amount of energy storage resources in kth communication base station:
wherein,maximum energy storage resource for communication base station kChargeable amount->Maximum dischargeable amount of energy storage resources for kth communication base station, < >>Charging power for energy storage resource of kth communication base station, < >>Communication base station k energy storage resource discharge power, +.>The method comprises the steps that the charging state variable 0-1 of an energy storage resource in a kth communication base station at a scheduling time t is set, the energy storage resource is not charged to 0, and the charging of the energy storage resource is set to 1;
constraint condition 7, the actual total active power constraint of the communication base station energy storage resource cluster in the virtual power plant:
wherein,(superscript cl represents cluster) is the total active power of the cluster of energy storage resources of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling time t, +.>A power forecast value of energy storage resources of a kth communication base station at each scheduling time t;
constraint condition 8, and a charge and discharge state constraint condition of energy storage resources of a kth communication base station:
wherein,for the discharge state variables 0-1,/for the energy storage resource in the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t>The method comprises the steps that a charging state variable 0-1 of energy storage resources of a kth communication base station at a scheduling time t is obtained;
constraint 9, a charging power constraint provided by the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station:
where max { a, b } represents the larger of a and b,the method comprises the steps that upward power of a communication base station energy storage resource cluster in a virtual power plant participates in demand response at a scheduling time t;
constraint 10, discharge power constraint for providing energy storage resources of kth communication base station:
wherein,respectively taking part in the downward power of the demand response at the scheduling time t for the energy storage resource clusters of the communication base stations in the virtual power plant;
constraint 11, upper and lower constraints on the provided regulatory capability of the kth communication base station energy storage resource:
wherein,scheduling a demand response offer power (req stands for request, offer) at time t for each power system; />The power of the aggregated demand response for each scheduling instant t;
in the constraint conditions, the first eight constraints are the operation constraints of the energy storage resources of the communication base station, and the last three constraints are the related constraints of the demand response;
in the constraint conditions, the first eight constraints are the operation constraints of the energy storage resources of the communication base station, and the last three constraints are the related constraints of the demand response;
in the above-mentioned optimization function, the total active power of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station at the scheduling time tUpward power of communication base station energy storage resource cluster participating in demand response at scheduling time t in virtual power plant>Downward power of communication base station energy storage resource cluster participating in demand response at scheduling time t in virtual power plant>The kth communication base station charges the state variable 0-1 +.>Discharge state variable 0-1 +.f of energy storage resource of kth communication base station at scheduling time t>And a state variable 0-1 +.1 describing whether the kth communication base station starts discharging at the scheduling instant t>All are the variables to be solved for,the balance being known amounts;
(5-5) aggregating sequence numbers omega of the energy storage resource clusters of the communication base station cu The energy storage resources of the communication base station in the step (5-3) - (5-4) are utilized to solve the optimization problem established in the steps by utilizing algorithms such as branch delimitation and the like, and the energy storage resource cluster omega of the communication base station when the optimization target reaches the minimum value is obtained cu Total active power at scheduling instant tThe total active power is +.>As an optimized value +.>
In solving the optimization function established in the steps (5-3) - (5-4) by using the branch-and-bound method,for decision variables whose values are not determined, the optimal values for the different optimization problems are also different, for a certain determined optimization problem +.>Is +.>The method is convenient for the subsequent steps to use; the optimal value of other variables is the state variable inside the cluster, and the subsequent steps only concern the total active power optimal value outside the cluster, namely the optimal value +.>
(5-6) cycling all t, letIf->Order theNo->
(5-7) let n=n+l, determine for all scheduling instants t,whether there is a non-zero element, if there is a certain scheduling time t, -, a>Continuing to calculate, turning to the step (5-1), otherwise, ending the cluster calculation, and turning to the step (6); />
(6) To all scheduling momentsAnd the virtual power plant aggregation result is reported to the power system as the energy storage resource of the communication base station, so that the demand response to the power system is completed.
In order to achieve the above embodiments, the present application further provides a demand response device for a communication base station and a power system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication base station and a demand response device of a power system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, the demand response device of the communication base station and the power system includes an acquisition module, a sequencing module, a grouping module, and an aggregation calculation module, wherein,
the power system comprises an acquisition module, a control module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring communication base station data contained in a virtual power plant and demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of a power system, the communication base station data comprises the number of communication base stations and energy storage resource parameters in all communication base stations, and the energy storage resource parameters comprise energy storage resource participation demand response cost;
the sequencing module is used for sequencing the communication base stations according to the energy storage resource participation demand response cost to obtain a sequencing result;
the grouping module is used for grouping the communication base stations according to the ordering result to obtain a grouping result;
the aggregation calculation module is used for constructing at least one communication base station cluster to be aggregated according to the sequencing result and the grouping result, sequentially carrying out aggregation calculation on the communication base station clusters according to the sequence until the aggregated demand response power reaches the demand response offer power of the power system at each scheduling moment, or completing calculation on all communication base stations, and generating virtual power plant aggregation results by taking the virtual power plant actual power obtained by aggregation at all scheduling moments as communication base station energy storage resources and reporting the virtual power plant aggregation results to the power system to complete the demand response of the communication base stations and the power system.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the communication base station cluster is expressed as:
Ω cu ＝{k∈Z|n+1≤k≤n+L,k≤N}
wherein Ω cu The number of the communication base stations in the set formed by the communication base station clusters currently being calculated in the sorting result is denoted by k, N is the number of the communication base stations already being calculated, L is the number of the communication base stations calculated in each grouping, and N is the total number of the base stations.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiments of the method for responding to the demand of the communication base station and the power system is also applicable to the device for responding to the demand of the communication base station and the power system in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and additional implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the embodiments of the present application.
Logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. As with the other embodiments, if implemented in hardware, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps carried out in the method of the above-described embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. The integrated modules may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product.
The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. A demand response method for a communication base station and a power system, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining communication base station data contained in a virtual power plant and demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of the power system, wherein the communication base station data comprise the number of communication base stations and energy storage resource parameters in all communication base stations, and the energy storage resource parameters comprise energy storage resource participation demand response cost;
sequencing the communication base stations according to the energy storage resource participation demand response cost to obtain a sequencing result;
grouping the communication base stations according to the sorting result to obtain a grouping result;
and constructing at least one communication base station cluster to be aggregated according to the sequencing result and the grouping result, sequentially carrying out aggregation calculation on the communication base station clusters according to the sequence until the aggregated demand response power reaches the demand response offer power of the power system at each scheduling moment, or completing calculation on all communication base stations, and generating virtual power plant aggregation results by taking the virtual power plant actual power obtained by aggregation at all scheduling moments as communication base station energy storage resources to report to the power system, thereby completing demand response on the communication base stations and the power system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cluster of communication base stations is represented as:
Ω cu ＝{k∈Z|n+1≤k≤n+L,k≤N}
wherein Ω cu Indicating that it is currently beingAnd in the set formed by the calculated serial numbers of the communication base station clusters, k is the serial number of the communication base station in the set formed by the communication base station clusters currently being calculated in the sequencing result, N is the number of the calculated communication base stations, L is the number of the communication base stations calculated by each grouping, and N is the total number of the base stations.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising, prior to said sequentially aggregating the clusters of communication base stations:
initializing data used in the calculation process to 0, wherein the data comprises actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment and calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment;
and setting the number of the calculated communication base stations to 0.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the sequentially performing the aggregation calculation on the cluster of communication base stations comprises:
acquiring the number of the calculated communication base stations;
acquiring a communication base station cluster currently being calculated according to the number of the calculated communication base stations;
performing aggregation calculation on the communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated to obtain an optimal value of total active power of the communication base station energy storage resource cluster which is currently being aggregated at each scheduling moment, and calculating the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment after aggregation and the calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment according to the optimal value;
judging whether the calculated demand response power at each scheduling moment after aggregation reaches the demand response offer power at each scheduling moment of the power system, stopping aggregation calculation of the communication base station cluster if the demand response offer power is reached, and updating the calculated number of the communication base stations if the demand response offer power is not reached;
judging whether the number of the updated calculated communication base stations is smaller than the total number of the base stations, if not, stopping the aggregation calculation of the communication base station cluster, and if so, updating the communication base station cluster currently being calculated and carrying out the aggregation calculation again;
and taking the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduling moment after final aggregation calculation as an aggregation calculation result.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein performing aggregate calculations on the cluster of currently calculating communication base stations comprises:
constructing an objective function of a communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated;
constructing constraint conditions of a communication base station cluster which is currently being calculated;
and solving the objective function by using a branch-and-bound method according to the constraint condition to obtain the optimal value of the total active power of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station currently being aggregated at each scheduling moment.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the objective function is represented as:
wherein,mains supply price at time t +.>For the total active power of the cluster instant T currently being calculated, deltaT is the time interval of two adjacent scheduling instants,/->Price subsidized for unit power in response to upward/downward demand, respectively,/>Time-in-time of communication base station clusters respectivelyUp/down power of t participation demand response, < +.>Cost of participating in demand response for communication base station energy storage resource k, < >>Indicating whether the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station discharges at the time t.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the constraints comprise:
wherein,indicating whether the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station discharges at the time t, and (a) is%>A state indicating whether the kth communication base station starts discharging at the scheduling time t +.>Represents the maximum response times of energy storage resources of a base station k in one day, gamma represents the set of all scheduling moments t, and gamma k,use Represents the set of all dischargeable moments of the energy storage resources of the kth communication base station,representing the kth communicationThe base station is charged at the dispatch time t, gamma k,in Represents the set of all chargeable moments of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station,/for>Minimum duration of discharging energy storage resource for communication base station k,/->Representing the maximum response time of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station within one day,/day>Maximum chargeable amount of energy storage resource for communication base station k, < >>Maximum dischargeable amount of energy storage resources for kth communication base station, < >>Charging power for energy storage resource of kth communication base station, < >>Discharging power for energy storage resource of kth communication base station, < >>Representing total active power, P of energy storage resource clusters of communication base stations currently being aggregated at scheduling time t t k A power predictive value representing the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t,/for the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station> Respectively, communication base station clusters participate in demand response at time tUp/down power of P t req Power is offered for demand response at power system scheduling time t, P t cal The power is responded to for the aggregated demand at scheduling time t.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the actual power of the virtual power plant at each scheduled time is represented as:
P t act ＝P t act +P t cl*
wherein P is t act Representing the actual power, P, of the communication base station currently aggregated by the virtual power plant at the scheduling time t t cl* Representing the optimal value of the total active power of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling time t;
the calculated demand response power at each scheduling time is expressed as:
wherein,representing the optimal value of the total active power of the energy storage resource cluster of the communication base station currently being aggregated at the scheduling time t, P t k And the power predicted value of the energy storage resource of the kth communication base station at the scheduling time t is shown.
9. A demand response device of a communication base station and an electric power system is characterized by comprising an acquisition module, a sequencing module, a grouping module and an aggregation calculation module, wherein,
the acquisition module is used for acquiring communication base station data contained in the virtual power plant and demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of the power system, wherein the communication base station data comprises the number of communication base stations and energy storage resource parameters in all communication base stations, and the energy storage resource parameters comprise energy storage resource participation demand response cost;
the sequencing module is used for sequencing the communication base stations according to the energy storage resource participation demand response cost to obtain a sequencing result;
the grouping module is used for grouping the communication base stations according to the ordering result to obtain a grouping result;
the aggregation calculation module is used for constructing at least one communication base station cluster to be aggregated according to the sequencing result and the grouping result, sequentially carrying out aggregation calculation on the communication base station clusters according to the sequence until the aggregated demand response power reaches the demand response offer power of each scheduling moment of the power system, or completing calculation on all communication base stations, generating virtual power plant aggregation results by taking the virtual power plant actual power obtained by aggregation as communication base station energy storage resources, and reporting the virtual power plant aggregation results to the power system, thus completing demand response on the communication base stations and the power system.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the cluster of communication base stations is represented as:
Ω cu ＝{k∈Z|n+1≤k≤n+L,k≤N}
wherein Ω cu And k is the serial number of the communication base station in the set formed by the communication base station clusters currently being calculated in the sequencing result, N is the number of the calculated communication base stations, L is the number of the communication base stations calculated in each grouping, and N is the total number of the base stations.
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