CN117347014A - Method and system for testing bending loss of optical fiber fundamental mode and high-order mode - Google Patents
Method and system for testing bending loss of optical fiber fundamental mode and high-order mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring the bending loss of a fundamental mode and a high-order mode of an optical fiber, which comprise the steps of measuring the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power of a laser source when the optical fiber to be measured is in a straight state, and measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius; if the bending output power is greater than or equal to the fundamental mode power, determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested according to the bending output power, the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power; and if the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power, determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power. Based on the fact that the fundamental mode bending loss and the high-order mode bending loss in the optical fiber occupy different dominant radius ranges, the method and the device respectively calculate the fundamental mode bending loss or the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured corresponding to different bending radiuses, provide accurate theoretical guidance for determining the bending parameters of the optical fiber, better realize the nonlinear effect suppression technology and improve the quality of output light beams in the high-power optical fiber laser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber detection, in particular to a method and a system for testing bending loss of a fundamental mode and a high-order mode of an optical fiber.
Background
The fiber laser has the advantages of simple structure, high conversion efficiency, good beam quality, strong environmental adaptability and the like, and the high-power fiber laser is widely applied in various fields. For a large-core-diameter multimode double-cladding fiber laser, in order to suppress nonlinear effects in a high-power double-layer fiber laser and realize fundamental mode output, a mode selection method is generally adopted to select modes, so that the double-cladding fiber laser obtains single-mode laser output. In order to select an appropriate bend radius to suppress the higher order mode gain and improve the output beam quality, it is necessary to analyze the bent fiber characteristics and determine specific bend parameters.
The ytterbium-doped multimode double-cladding fiber laser bending mode selection research in the literature researches the influence of bending loss on the output light field of a large-fiber-core multimode double-cladding fiber laser, and theoretical simulation is performed on various factors influencing the bending loss, so that LP is adopted 01 And LP 11 The mode example calculates the effect of bending on mode loss. The article obtains the fundamental transverse mode output of the large-core-diameter multimode double-cladding fiber laser through a bending mode selection experiment, however, the bending loss of the fundamental mode and the high-order mode is not tested through the experiment. The patent of a kind of optical fiber bending loss test fixture discloses a kind of testing arrangement, including structure such as the bottom plate, optical fiber groove, this patent is fixed through the clamp block, realize bending many times to the optical fiber, realize the bending loss test of the bending fatigue state of optical fiber under different bending times. The test device measures bending losses of all modes in the fiber singly without distinguishing between bending losses of different modes.
In the prior art, the bending loss of a higher-order mode in the optical fiber is theoretically analyzed, but the simulation result and the experimental result of a theoretical model of a related researcher are obviously different, and the current bending loss experimental test is not strictly used for distinguishing a basic mode from a higher-order mode aiming at all modes in the optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for testing bending loss of a fundamental mode and a high-order mode of an optical fiber, which are used for respectively calculating the bending loss of the fundamental mode and the high-order mode of the optical fiber based on the characteristics of the bending loss of the fundamental mode and the high-order mode of the optical fiber under different bending radiuses.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for testing bending loss of a fundamental mode and a higher-order mode of an optical fiber, comprising:
s10, controlling the optical fiber to be measured to be in a straight state and inputting the optical fiber into a light source so as to measure the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power of the light source;
s20, bending the optical fiber to be tested into different radiuses and inputting the optical fiber to be tested into a light source, and measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be tested under each bending radius;
s30, if the bending output power is greater than or equal to the fundamental mode power, calculating and determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power, the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power;
and S40, calculating and determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power if the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power.
Further, step S10 includes:
CPS is prepared at two ends of the optical fiber to be tested to filter cladding light, wherein CPS is a cladding light power filter;
and controlling the optical fiber to be tested to be in a straight state, inputting a laser light source into the optical fiber to be tested, and measuring the base mode power and the high-order mode power of the laser light source.
Further, the laser light source includes a fundamental mode and a higher order mode component.
Further, step S20 includes:
and placing the optical fiber to be measured in devices with different bending radiuses, inputting a laser light source, and measuring the optical power value of the optical fiber to be measured as the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius.
Further, the calculation of the higher-order mode bending loss in step S30 includes:
；
wherein,is a higher order mode bending loss +.>For the length of the bend of the optical fiber to be measured, < > for>For bending output power, +.>Is the laser source fundamental mode power,/>High-order mode power for the laser source.
Further, the calculation of the bending loss of the fundamental mode in step S40 includes:
；
wherein,is the fundamental mode bending loss.
Further, the method further comprises:
and determining a proper bending radius for inhibiting nonlinear effects of the optical fiber to be tested according to the bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under each bending radius.
As another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical fiber fundamental mode and high-order mode bending loss measurement system comprising:
the reference power measuring module is used for measuring the base mode power and the high-order mode power of the laser light source when the optical fiber to be measured is in a straight state;
the bending output power measuring module is used for measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius; and
and the bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius according to the fundamental mode power, the high-order mode power and the bending output power.
Further, the reference power measurement module and the bending output power measurement module each adopt a laser light source as an input light source, wherein the laser light source comprises a fundamental mode and a high-order mode component.
Further, the bending loss calculation module includes
The high-order mode bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under the bending radius according to the bending output power, the basic mode power and the high-order mode power when the bending output power is larger than or equal to the basic mode power; and
and the fundamental mode bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under the bending radius according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power when the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method and a system for measuring the bending loss of a fundamental mode and a high-order mode of an optical fiber, which comprise the steps of measuring the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power of a laser source when the optical fiber to be measured is in a straight state, and measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius; if the bending output power is greater than or equal to the fundamental mode power, calculating and determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power, the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power; and if the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power, calculating and determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power.
Based on the fact that the fundamental mode bending loss and the high-order mode bending loss in the optical fiber occupy different dominant radius ranges, the method and the device respectively calculate the fundamental mode bending loss or the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured corresponding to different bending radiuses, provide accurate theoretical guidance for determining the bending parameters of the optical fiber, better realize the nonlinear effect suppression technology and improve the quality of output light beams in the high-power optical fiber laser.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring bending loss of a fundamental mode and a higher-order mode of an optical fiber in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber under test and CPS at both ends in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the bend output power of an optical fiber as a function of bend radius in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of the measured and theoretical values of the bending loss of the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode of the optical fiber according to the present invention along with the radius;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system for measuring bending losses of fundamental and higher modes of an optical fiber in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs unless defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a system for measuring bending loss of a fundamental mode and a high-order mode of an optical fiber.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for testing bending loss of a fundamental mode and a high-order mode of an optical fiber, and a flow chart of the method is shown in fig. 1, and includes steps S10-S40.
In a high-power double-cladding optical fiber laser, pump light exists in an optical fiber inner cladding, signal light can be leaked into the optical fiber inner cladding due to factors such as optical fiber welding deviation and bending, and the light quantity of the cladding light can seriously influence the light beam quality of laser and the stability of the laser and needs to be filtered in time. In this embodiment, CPS is prepared at two ends of the optical fiber to be measured to filter cladding light, so as to obtain a more accurate calculation result. CPS is a cladding light power filter, which peels off cladding light by destroying the boundary condition of an inner cladding and an outer cladding or destroying a waveguide structure so as to avoid the influence of the cladding light on the quality of an output beam of a laser.
When a laser beam is inputted to an optical fiber in a straight state, it is generally considered that the optical fiber has no bending loss at this time. After the optical fiber is bent, the bending output power of the optical fiber decreases as the bending degree increases. Wherein, in the early bending stage, the bending loss of the optical fiber is mainly the bending loss of a high-order mode, and the bending loss of a fundamental mode in the stage is small; when the optical fiber is bent to a certain bending radius, the bending loss of the optical fiber is large in higher-order mode loss, the bending loss of the fundamental mode is small, and the measured bending output power is close to the fundamental mode power; thereafter, the bend radius of the optical fiber continues to decrease and the fundamental mode loss in the optical fiber increases rapidly. Based on the characteristics of the bending loss of the optical fiber, in this embodiment, a laser light source including a fundamental mode and a higher-order mode component is used as an input light source, the bending output power of the optical fiber at different bending radii is measured, and the bending loss corresponding to each bending radius is calculated.
S10, controlling the optical fiber to be measured to be in a straight state and inputting the optical fiber to be measured into a light source so as to measure the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power of the light source.
As shown in fig. 2, CPS is first prepared at two ends of an optical fiber to be measured to filter cladding light, so as to form an optical fiber system to be measured, and a laser light source is used as an input light source of the optical fiber system to be measured, wherein the laser light source comprises a fundamental mode and a high-order mode component. Further, the optical fiber to be measured is controlled to be in a flat state, the optical fiber to be measured is input into a laser light source, and the output power at the moment is detected through a power meter so as to measure the base mode power and the high-order mode power of the laser light source.
S20, bending the optical fiber to be measured into different radiuses, inputting the different radiuses into a light source, and measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius.
Further, the optical fiber to be measured is placed in devices with different bending radiuses and is input into a laser light source, and the optical power value of the optical fiber to be measured is measured and is used as the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius. Specifically, the optical fiber bending coil between CPS at two ends of the optical fiber to be tested is coiled in a specific device, such as a cylinder or a disc, so that the optical fiber to be tested can be bent into different radiuses, and the bending output power under different bending radiuses is detected and recorded by using a power meter.
S30, if the bending output power is larger than or equal to the fundamental mode power, calculating and determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power, the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power.
When the bending output power is greater than or equal to the fundamental mode power, the lost power is the higher-order mode power, and the calculated bending loss is the higher-order mode bending loss, and the calculation formula is as follows:
；
wherein,is a higher order mode bending loss +.>For the length of the bend of the optical fiber to be measured, < > for>For bending output power, +.>Is the laser source fundamental mode power,/>High-order mode power for the laser source.
And S40, calculating and determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power if the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power.
When the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power, the lost power is the fundamental mode power, and the calculated bending loss is the fundamental mode bending loss, and the calculation formula is as follows:
；
wherein,is the fundamental mode bending loss.
The test is carried out by the measuring method in the steps S10-S40, so that the bending output power of an optical fiber under each bending radius is obtained, as shown in figure 3, when the bending radius is more than 8cm, the bending output power is almost unchanged, the bending output power gradually decreases along with the decrease of the bending radius, the bending output power is reduced from 90W to 80W, when the bending radius is 4-5cm, the output power is not reduced continuously and is stabilized at 80W, and the high-order mode loss is very large and the fundamental mode loss is very small. When the bending radius is smaller than 4cm, the output power is rapidly reduced along with the reduction of the bending radius, the power lost at the stage is the fundamental mode power, and only the fundamental mode bending loss exists.
Further, the measurement method in this embodiment further includes: and determining a proper bending radius for inhibiting the nonlinear effect of the optical fiber to be tested according to the bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under each bending radius. It can be appreciated that to improve the beam quality of high power fiber lasers and suppress nonlinear effects, it is necessary to achieve fundamental mode output by bending. In this embodiment, bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius can be obtained through steps S10-S40, a mutation point of the bending output power of the optical fiber can be determined through data analysis, and the bending radius in a region near the mutation point is selected as the bending radius for effectively inhibiting the nonlinear effect of the optical fiber to be measured. In this embodiment, the bending radius of the bending output power, which approximates to the fundamental mode power, may be selected as the bending radius for effectively suppressing the nonlinear effect of the optical fiber to be measured.
Taking an optical fiber with a core 25um, a cladding 400um and a numerical aperture of 0.054 as an example, as shown in fig. 4, a graph of the curve loss actual measurement value and theoretical value of the fundamental mode and the high-order mode of the optical fiber to be tested along with the radius is shown. The test result can be seen that the experimental test result accords with the simulation calculation result, and the test result has reliability and good repeated test.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a system for measuring bending loss of a fundamental mode and a high-order mode of an optical fiber, and a schematic diagram of the system is shown in fig. 5, and the system includes a reference power measuring module, a bending output power measuring module, and a bending loss measuring module.
The reference power measuring module is used for measuring the base mode power and the high-order mode power of the laser light source when the optical fiber to be measured is in a straight state. The bending output power measuring module is used for measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius. The reference power measuring module and the bending output power measuring module both adopt a laser light source as an input light source, wherein the laser light source comprises a basic mode and a high-order mode component.
And the bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius according to the fundamental mode power, the high-order mode power and the bending output power. The bending loss calculation module comprises a high-order mode bending loss calculation module and a basic mode bending loss calculation module, wherein the high-order mode bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under the bending radius according to the bending output power, the basic mode power and the high-order mode power when the bending output power is larger than or equal to the basic mode power. And the fundamental mode bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under the bending radius according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power when the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited in order and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts of the figures may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, the order of their execution not necessarily being sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the other steps or stages.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The method for testing the bending loss of the fundamental mode and the high-order mode of the optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, controlling the optical fiber to be measured to be in a straight state and inputting the optical fiber into a light source so as to measure the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power of the light source;
s20, bending the optical fiber to be tested into different radiuses and inputting the optical fiber to be tested into a light source, and measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be tested under each bending radius;
s30, if the bending output power is greater than or equal to the fundamental mode power, calculating and determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power, the fundamental mode power and the high-order mode power;
and S40, calculating and determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under the bending radius according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power if the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power.
2. The method for testing bending loss of fundamental and higher-order modes of an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein step S10 comprises:
CPS is prepared at two ends of the optical fiber to be tested to filter cladding light, wherein CPS is a cladding light power filter;
and controlling the optical fiber to be tested to be in a straight state, inputting a laser light source into the optical fiber to be tested, and measuring the base mode power and the high-order mode power of the laser light source.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the laser source comprises a fundamental mode and a higher order mode component.
4. The method for testing bending loss of fundamental and higher-order modes of an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein step S20 comprises:
and placing the optical fiber to be measured in devices with different bending radiuses, inputting a laser light source, and measuring the optical power value of the optical fiber to be measured as the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius.
5. The method for testing bending loss of fundamental mode and higher-order mode of optical fiber according to claim 2, wherein the calculation of bending loss of higher-order mode in step S30 comprises:
；
wherein,is a higher order mode bending loss +.>For the length of the bend of the optical fiber to be measured, < > for>For bending output power, +.>Is the laser source fundamental mode power,/>High-order mode power for the laser source.
6. The method for testing bending loss of fundamental mode and higher-order mode of optical fiber according to claim 5, wherein the calculating of bending loss of fundamental mode in step S40 comprises:
；
wherein,is the fundamental mode bending loss.
7. The method of testing fundamental and higher order modes bending losses of an optical fiber according to claim 1, further comprising:
and determining a proper bending radius for inhibiting nonlinear effects of the optical fiber to be tested according to the bending loss of the optical fiber to be tested under each bending radius.
8. A system for measuring bending losses of a fundamental mode and a higher-order mode of an optical fiber, comprising:
the reference power measuring module is used for measuring the base mode power and the high-order mode power of the laser light source when the optical fiber to be measured is in a straight state;
the bending output power measuring module is used for measuring the bending output power of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius; the method comprises the steps of,
and the bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under each bending radius according to the fundamental mode power, the high-order mode power and the bending output power.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the reference power measurement module and the bending output power measurement module each use a laser light source as an input light source, wherein the laser light source comprises a fundamental mode and a higher-order mode component.
10. The fiber fundamental mode and higher order mode bending loss measurement system according to claim 8, wherein the bending loss calculation module comprises:
the high-order mode bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the high-order mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under the bending radius according to the bending output power, the basic mode power and the high-order mode power when the bending output power is larger than or equal to the basic mode power; the method comprises the steps of,
and the fundamental mode bending loss calculation module is used for calculating and determining the fundamental mode bending loss of the optical fiber to be measured under the bending radius according to the bending output power and the fundamental mode power when the bending output power is smaller than the fundamental mode power.
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