CN117346938A - Impact force monitoring system for micro-forging device and micro-forging device - Google Patents

Impact force monitoring system for micro-forging device and micro-forging device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117346938A
CN117346938A CN202311176053.4A CN202311176053A CN117346938A CN 117346938 A CN117346938 A CN 117346938A CN 202311176053 A CN202311176053 A CN 202311176053A CN 117346938 A CN117346938 A CN 117346938A
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strain gauge
strain
micro
full
gauge
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CN202311176053.4A
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沈彬
刘启
方增
王成瀚
陈苏琳
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN202311176053.4A priority Critical patent/CN117346938A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • B23P9/04—Treating or finishing by hammering or applying repeated pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • G01L1/225—Measuring circuits therefor
    • G01L1/2262—Measuring circuits therefor involving simple electrical bridges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0052—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to impact
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/16—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force
    • G01L5/161—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force using variations in ohmic resistance
    • G01L5/1627—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force using variations in ohmic resistance of strain gauges

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging device and the micro-forging device, which comprise a middle connecting rod piece, wherein one end of the middle connecting rod piece is detachably connected with a micro-forging head, and the outer side wall of the middle connecting rod piece is provided with a three-way force measuring and sensing circuit; the axis of the middle connecting rod piece is parallel to the Z axis of the space coordinate system, and the axis of the middle connecting rod piece is perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis of the space coordinate system respectively; the three-way force measurement sensing circuit comprises three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits, and the three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits respectively measure impact forces of the middle connecting rod piece along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. According to the relation between the strain of the strain gauge and the resistance, the bridge circuit principle and the relation between the impact force and the strain mechanics, the impact force condition of the micro-forging process can be acquired and monitored in real time, the accuracy and pertinence of the micro-forging process are improved, and the quality and consistency of the micro-forging reinforcement are ensured.

Description

Impact force monitoring system for micro-forging device and micro-forging device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro-forging monitoring equipment, in particular to an impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging device and the micro-forging device.
Background
Micro forging is an emerging mechanical surface modification process involving hammering a target area with a high-frequency oscillating high-hardness hammer head. The electromagnetic driving type micro forging is a micro forging device which is widely applied, the driving device consists of magnetic poles, electromagnetic coils and the like, the impact structure, namely the forging head and the impact rod, perform reciprocating linear motion between the limiting block and the surface of a workpiece under the excitation of an electromagnetic driving system, and after the material bears the continuous impact of protons, strong plastic deformation occurs, and the surface integrity of the material can be improved through certain plastic deformation. The micro forging device is generally arranged at the tail end of a machine tool or a mechanical arm through a mechanical interface, technological parameters such as stroke, step distance, row distance, impact angle and the like are adjusted, and a constant distance is kept between a micro forging head and the surface of a workpiece all the time in the machining process, so that the workpiece material is ensured to be impacted accurately in position and uniformly in strength. The surface finishing or strengthening of the workpieces of different metal materials is realized by precise high-frequency impact.
The prior Chinese patent application publication No. CN113862459B discloses a high-frequency electric pulse auxiliary surface micro-forging device, which comprises: pulse generation device and electromagnetism micro-forging device, wherein: the pulse generating device provides high-energy current between the micro forging punch head of the electromagnetic micro forging device and the workpiece, and improves the micro forging process effect by utilizing the electro-plastic effect.
Micro forging is a novel surface strengthening process, and the forging head is driven to impact the surface of a part by means of controllable mechanical movement, so that plastic strain is generated to achieve the purpose of strengthening. Impact force in the micro-forging process is a key factor for determining the micro-forging effect, however, at present, the research on a micro-forging process monitoring system is less, and no force measuring device or system specially aiming at the micro-forging process is provided, so that the accuracy and pertinence of the micro-forging process are improved, the accuracy and controllability of the micro-forging strengthening effect can be improved, and the quality and consistency of the micro-forging strengthening are ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging device and the micro-forging device.
The impact force monitoring system for the micro-forging device and the micro-forging device provided by the invention comprise a middle connecting rod piece, wherein one end of the middle connecting rod piece is detachably connected with a micro-forging head, and the outer side wall of the middle connecting rod piece is provided with a three-way force measuring and sensing circuit; the axis of the middle connecting rod piece is parallel to the Z axis of the space coordinate system, and the axis of the middle connecting rod piece is perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis of the space coordinate system respectively; the three-way force measurement sensing circuit comprises three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits, and the three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits respectively measure impact forces of the middle connecting rod piece along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
Preferably, the strain gauge full-bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the middle connecting rod piece along the X-axis direction comprises an Rx1 strain gauge, an Rx2 strain gauge, an Rx3 strain gauge and an Rx4 strain gauge; the Rx1 strain gauge and the Rx4 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece, and the Rx4 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the middle connecting rod piece, which is close to the micro forging head; the Rx2 strain gauge and the Rx3 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece, and the Rx2 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the middle connecting rod piece, which is close to the micro forging head; the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages are spaced one hundred eighty degrees apart from both the Rx2 and Rx3 strain gages.
Preferably, the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit is connected with one end of the Rx1 foil and one end of the Rx2 foil, the other end of the Rx1 foil is connected with one end of the Rx3 foil and one end of the output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit, the other end of the Rx3 foil is connected with the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and one end of the Rx4 foil, and the other end of the Rx4 foil is connected with the other end of the output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and the other end of the Rx2 foil.
Preferably, the strain gauge full-bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the middle connecting rod piece along the Y-axis direction comprises an Ry1 strain gauge, an Ry2 strain gauge, an Ry3 strain gauge and an Ry4 strain gauge; the Ry1 strain gauge and the Ry4 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece, and the Ry4 strain gauge is positioned at one side of the middle connecting rod piece, which is close to the micro forging head; the Ry2 strain gauge and the Ry3 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece, and the Ry2 strain gauge is positioned at one side of the middle connecting rod piece, which is close to the micro forging head; the Ry1 and Ry4 strain gages are spaced one hundred eighty degrees apart from the Ry2 and Ry3 strain gages, the Ry1 and Ry4 strain gages are spaced ninety degrees apart from the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages, and the Ry2 and Ry3 strain gages are spaced ninety degrees apart from the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages.
Preferably, the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit is connected with one end of the Ry1 foil gauge and one end of the Ry2 foil gauge, the other end of the Ry1 foil gauge is connected with one end of the Ry3 foil gauge and one end of the output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit, the other end of the Ry3 foil gauge is connected with the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and one end of the Ry4 foil gauge, and the other end of the Ry4 foil gauge is connected with the other end of the output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and the other end of the Ry2 foil gauge.
Preferably, the strain gauge full-bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the middle connecting rod piece along the Z-axis direction comprises an Rz1 strain gauge, an Rz2 strain gauge, an Rz3 strain gauge and an Rz4 strain gauge; the Rz4 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Ry4 strain gauge, which is far away from the Ry1 strain gauge, the Rz3 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Rx4 strain gauge, which is far away from the Rx1 strain gauge, the Rz1 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Ry2 strain gauge, which is far away from the Ry3 strain gauge, and the Rz2 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Rx2 strain gauge, which is far away from the Rx3 strain gauge.
Preferably, the arrangement directions of the Rx1 strain gauge, the Rx2 strain gauge, the Rx3 strain gauge, the Rx4 strain gauge, the Ry1 strain gauge, the Ry2 strain gauge, the Ry3 strain gauge, the Ry4 strain gauge, the Rz1 strain gauge and the Rz2 strain gauge are all along the axial direction of the middle connecting rod piece; the arrangement direction of the Rz3 strain gauge and the Rz4 strain gauge is along the radial direction of the intermediate connection rod.
Preferably, the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit is connected with one end of the Rz1 foil-type foil-strip and one end of the Rz2 foil-strip, the other end of the Rz1 foil-strip is connected with one end of the Rz3 foil-strip and one end of the output voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit, the other end of the Rz3 foil-strip is connected with the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit and one end of the Rz4 foil-strip, and the other end of the Rz4 foil-strip is connected with the other end of the output voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit and the other end of the Rz2 foil-strip.
Preferably, the output voltage and the excitation voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit satisfy the following relation:
wherein U is out Representing the output voltage, U 0 Representing the excitation voltage;
in a strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring an impact force of an intermediate link in an X-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents Rx1 strain gage, R 2 Represents Rx2 strain gage, R 3 Represents Rx3 strain gage, R 4 Represents an Rx4 strain gage;
in a strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring an impact force of an intermediate link in the Y-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents Ry1 strain gage, R 2 Represents Ry2 strain gage, R 3 Represents Ry3 strain gage, R 4 Represents an Ry4 strain gauge;
in a strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring impact force of an intermediate connection rod along the Z-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents an Rz1 strain gage, R 2 Represents an Rz2 strain gage, R 3 Represents an Rz3 strain gage, R 4 Represents an Rz4 strain gage;
in the impact process, the rod piece can receive impact reaction force effect, when the non-normal impact work piece surface of micro-forging head, still can produce non-axial impact force component, when receiving axial impact force, intermediate junction rod piece can compress under the effect of impact force, produces the strain, according to the linear change of foil gage and the symmetry of deformation, the change value that the resistance can take place for foil gage Rz1 and Rz4 is the same, all sets to ΔR to lead to output voltage to take place the vary voltage:
in the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the Z direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the Z-direction full-bridge circuit, R z1 、R z2 、R z3 、R z4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the Z-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
when the micro forging head receives impact force in the X direction, the middle connecting rod piece receives bending moment and generates corresponding strain, according to the characteristics of the strain gage, the resistance of Rx1 and Rx4 is reduced, the resistance of Rx2 and Rx3 is increased, according to the linear change characteristics of the strain gage and the symmetry of deformation, the resistance change values are delta R, and the micro forging head has the following characteristics
In the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the X direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the X-direction full-bridge circuit, R x1 、R x2 、R x3 、R x4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the X-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
when the micro forging head receives the impact force in the Y direction, the middle connecting rod piece receives the bending moment and generates corresponding strain, ry1 and Ry4 resistance is reduced according to the characteristics of the strain gage, ry2 and Ry3 resistance is increased, and the resistance change values are delta R according to the linear change characteristics of the strain gage and the symmetry of deformation
In the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the Y direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the Y-direction full-bridge circuit, R x1 、R x2 、R x3 、R x4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the Y-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
according to the micro-forging device provided by the invention, the micro-forging device further comprises a micro-forging actuator, wherein the micro-forging actuator is detachably connected with one end of the middle connecting rod piece far away from the micro-forging head, and the micro-forging actuator drives the middle connecting rod piece and the micro-forging head to linearly reciprocate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the three-way force measurement sensing circuit is arranged on the outer surface of the middle connecting rod piece to respectively measure the output voltage of the strain gauge full-bridge circuit of the middle connecting rod piece along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, the bridge circuit principle and the relation between the impact force and the strain mechanics are based on the relation between the strain of the strain gauge, the relation curve between the voltage signal and the impact force can be established through calibration, the impact force in the micro-forging process can be directly obtained through the back-end processing, the impact force condition in the micro-forging process can be acquired and monitored in real time, the accuracy and the pertinence of the micro-forging process are improved, and the accuracy and the controllability of the micro-forging strengthening effect can be improved, and the quality and the strengthening consistency of the micro-forging are ensured.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an impact force monitoring system of a micro-forging device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external structure of an intermediate connecting rod member according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a central connecting rod member embodying the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a strain gage full bridge circuit for measuring an impact force of an intermediate link along an X-axis direction, which is embodied in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a strain gage full bridge circuit for measuring an impact force of an intermediate link in the Y-axis direction, which is primarily embodied in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a strain gage full bridge circuit for measuring the Z-axis impact force of an intermediate link in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a micro forging apparatus according to the present invention.
The figure shows:
the second fastening structure 1 fastens the screw thread 5
Forging head connecting piece 6 of three-way force measuring and sensing circuit 2
Micro forging head 7 of first fastening structure 3
Micro-forging actuator 8 for intermediate connecting rod piece 4
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the impact force monitoring system for the micro-forging device provided by the invention comprises a middle connecting rod piece 4, wherein one end of the middle connecting rod piece 4 is detachably connected with a micro-forging head 7, and a three-way force measuring and sensing circuit 2 is arranged on the outer side wall of the middle connecting rod piece 4. The axis of the intermediate connection rod 4 is parallel to the Z axis of the space coordinate system, and the axis of the intermediate connection rod 4 is mutually perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis of the space coordinate system respectively. The three-way force measuring and sensing circuit 2 comprises three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits, and the three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits respectively measure the impact force of the middle connecting rod piece 4 along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
Specifically, the micro forging head 7 is formed by processing and welding a hard alloy forging head and a forging head connecting piece 6 of steel in a brazing mode, wherein a part of the forging head 7 connecting piece 6 is provided with threads for connecting and a first fastening structure 3 for fastening, and the first fastening structure 3 is square.
The middle connecting rod piece 4 is of a through round tube design, the upper part of the middle connecting rod piece is connected with the micro forging actuator 8 through external threads, the second fastening structure 1 on the connecting rod is used for fastening in threaded connection, and the lower end of an inner hole of the connecting rod is connected with the detachable micro forging head 7 through the fastening threads 5.
Further, the strain gage full bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod 4 along the X-axis direction includes an Rx1 strain gage, an Rx2 strain gage, an Rx3 strain gage, and an Rx4 strain gage. The Rx1 strain gauge and the Rx4 strain gauge are both arranged at intervals along the axis of the intermediate connecting rod piece 4, and the Rx4 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the intermediate connecting rod piece 4 close to the micro forging head 7. Both the Rx2 strain gauge and the Rx3 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the intermediate connection rod 4, and the Rx2 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the intermediate connection rod 4 close to the micro forging head 7. Both the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages are spaced one hundred eighty degrees from both the Rx2 and Rx3 strain gages.
The strain gauge full-bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod piece 4 along the Y-axis direction comprises an Ry1 strain gauge, an Ry2 strain gauge, an Ry3 strain gauge and an Ry4 strain gauge. Both the Ry1 strain gauge and the Ry4 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the intermediate connecting rod piece 4, and the Ry4 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the intermediate connecting rod piece 4 close to the micro forging head 7. Both the Ry2 strain gauge and the Ry3 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the intermediate connecting rod piece 4, and the Ry2 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the intermediate connecting rod piece 4 close to the micro forging head 7. Both the Ry1 and Ry4 strain gages are spaced one hundred eighty degrees from both the Ry2 and Ry3 strain gages, both the Ry1 and Ry4 strain gages are spaced ninety degrees from both the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages, and both the Ry2 and Ry3 strain gages are spaced ninety degrees from both the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages.
The strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod 4 along the Z-axis direction comprises an Rz1 strain gauge, an Rz2 strain gauge, an Rz3 strain gauge and an Rz4 strain gauge. The Rz4 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Ry4 strain gauge far away from the Ry1 strain gauge, the Rz3 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Rx4 strain gauge far away from the Rx1 strain gauge, the Rz1 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Ry2 strain gauge far away from the Ry3 strain gauge, and the Rz2 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Rx2 strain gauge far away from the Rx3 strain gauge.
It is important to say that: the arrangement directions of the Rx1 strain gauge, the Rx2 strain gauge, the Rx3 strain gauge, the Rx4 strain gauge, the Ry1 strain gauge, the Ry2 strain gauge, the Ry3 strain gauge, the Ry4 strain gauge, the Rz1 strain gauge and the Rz2 strain gauge are all along the axial direction of the intermediate connection rod 4. Both the Rz3 and Rz4 strain gauges are arranged in the radial direction of the intermediate connection rod 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod 4 in the X-axis direction is connected to one end of the Rx1 foil gauge and one end of the Rx2 foil gauge, the other end of the Rx1 foil gauge is connected to one end of the Rx3 foil gauge and one end of the output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit, the other end of the Rx3 foil gauge is connected to the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and one end of the Rx4 foil gauge, and the other end of the Rx4 foil gauge is connected to the other end of the output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and the other end of the Rx2 foil gauge.
As shown in fig. 5, the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod 4 in the Y-axis direction is connected to one end of the Ry1 foil gauge and one end of the Ry2 foil gauge, the other end of the Ry1 foil gauge is connected to one end of the Ry3 foil gauge and one end of the output voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit, the other end of the Ry3 foil gauge is connected to the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit and one end of the Ry4 foil gauge, and the other end of the Ry4 foil gauge is connected to the other end of the output voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit and the other end of the Ry2 foil gauge.
As shown in fig. 6, the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit for measuring the Z-axis direction impact force of the intermediate connection rod 4 is connected to one end of the Rz1 foil gauge and one end of the Rz2 foil gauge, the other end of the Rz1 foil gauge is connected to one end of the Rz3 foil gauge and one end of the output voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit, the other end of the Rz3 foil gauge is connected to the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit and one end of the Rz4 foil gauge, and the other end of the Rz4 foil gauge is connected to the other end of the output voltage of the foil-type full-bridge circuit and the other end of the Rz2 foil gauge.
Further, the output voltages and the excitation voltages of the three strain gage full bridge circuits all satisfy the following relation:
wherein U is out Representing the output voltage, U 0 Representing the excitation voltage.
In the strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate link 4 in the X-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents Rx1 strain gage, R 2 Represents Rx2 strain gage, R 3 Represents Rx3 strain gage, R 4 Represents an Rx4 strain gage.
In the strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate link 4 in the Y-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents Ry1 strain gage, R 2 Represents Ry2 strain gage, R 3 Represents Ry3 strain gage, R 4 Represents Ry4 strain gage.
In the strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod 4 in the Z-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents an Rz1 strain gage, R 2 Represents an Rz2 strain gage, R 3 Represents an Rz3 strain gage, R 4 Shows Rz4 strain gage.
In the impact process, the rod piece can receive impact reaction force, when the non-normal impact of the micro forging head 7 on the surface of the workpiece, non-axial impact force component can be generated, when the axial impact force is received, the middle connecting rod piece 4 can be compressed under the action of the impact force to generate strain, according to the linear change of the strain gauge and the symmetry of deformation, the change values of the resistance of the strain gauges Rz1 and Rz4 are the same, and the change values are all set to be delta R, so that the output voltage is transformed:
in the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the Z direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the Z-direction full-bridge circuit, R z1 、R z2 、R z3 、R z4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the Z-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
when the micro forging head 7 receives impact force in the X direction, the intermediate connecting rod piece 4 receives bending moment and generates corresponding strain, according to the characteristics of strain sheets, the resistance of Rx1 and Rx4 is reduced, the resistance of Rx2 and Rx3 is increased, according to the linear change characteristics of the strain sheets and the symmetry of deformation, the resistance change values are delta R, and the differential strain gauge has
In the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the X direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the X-direction full-bridge circuit, R x1 、R x2 、R x3 、R x4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the X-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
when the micro forging head 7 receives the impact force in the Y direction, the intermediate connecting rod piece 4 receives the bending moment and generates corresponding strain, according to the characteristics of the strain gauge, the resistance of Ry1 and Ry4 is reduced, the resistance of Ry2 and Ry3 is increased, according to the linear change characteristics of the strain gauge and the symmetry of deformation, the resistance change values are delta R, and the differential resistance gauge has
In the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the Y direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the Y-direction full-bridge circuit, R x1 、R x2 、R x3 、R x4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the Y-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
the three-way impact force of the detection system in about 50ms of the micro forging short impact process caused by the micro forging head 7 can cause the rod piece adhered by the strain gauge to deform to generate strain, so that the resistance of the strain gauge is changed, and the change of the resistance is output in the form of a voltage signal through the bridge circuit. Based on the material mechanics, the geometry of the impact rod and the material are known, and the mechanical relationship between the impact force and the strain of the impact rod can be determined. Specific reference may be made to: qin Shilun, dan Qiuying, xu Shuangwu, etc. Material mechanics [ M ]. University of Sichuan Press: 201107.450. The strain gauge can measure the strain of the impact rod caused by stress, and the strain of the strain gauge has a definite linear relation with the resistance change. Specific reference may be made to: wang Yunzhang the invention relates to a system for monitoring impact force of a micro-forging device based on a strain force measuring principle, which can collect and monitor impact force conditions of the micro-forging process in real time when the micro-forging device is used for micro-forging strengthening processing, ensure strengthening quality and controllability of the micro-forging process and guide planning of the micro-forging strengthening process.
As shown in fig. 7, the invention further provides a micro-forging device, which further comprises a micro-forging actuator 8, wherein the micro-forging actuator 8 is detachably connected with one end of the middle connecting rod piece 4, which is far away from the micro-forging head 7, and the micro-forging actuator 8 drives the middle connecting rod piece 4 and the micro-forging head 7 to linearly reciprocate, so that the surface of a workpiece is impacted by high-frequency reciprocation, and the surface impact strengthening process of the workpiece is realized. The micro-forging actuator 8 may be electromagnetically driven, pneumatically driven or piezoelectrically driven.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. The impact force monitoring system for the micro-forging device is characterized by comprising a middle connecting rod piece (4), wherein one end of the middle connecting rod piece (4) is detachably connected with a micro-forging head (7), and a three-way force measuring and sensing circuit (2) is arranged on the outer side wall of the middle connecting rod piece (4);
the axis of the middle connecting rod piece (4) is parallel to the Z axis of the space coordinate system, and the axis of the middle connecting rod piece (4) is perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis of the space coordinate system respectively;
the three-way force measurement sensing circuit (2) comprises three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits, and the three groups of strain gauge full-bridge circuits respectively measure impact forces of the middle connecting rod piece (4) along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
2. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the strain gauge full bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod (4) in the X-axis direction comprises an Rx1 strain gauge, an Rx2 strain gauge, an Rx3 strain gauge, and an Rx4 strain gauge;
the Rx1 strain gauge and the Rx4 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece (4), and the Rx4 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the middle connecting rod piece (4) close to the micro forging head (7);
the Rx2 strain gauge and the Rx3 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece (4), and the Rx2 strain gauge is positioned on one side of the middle connecting rod piece (4) close to the micro forging head (7);
the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages are spaced one hundred eighty degrees apart from both the Rx2 and Rx3 strain gages.
3. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a positive electrode of an excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit is connected to one end of a Rx1 foil gauge and one end of a Rx2 foil gauge, the other end of the Rx1 foil gauge is connected to one end of a Rx3 foil gauge and one end of an output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit, the other end of the Rx3 foil gauge is connected to a negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and one end of a Rx4 foil gauge, and the other end of the Rx4 foil gauge is connected to the other end of the output voltage of the foil full-bridge circuit and the other end of the Rx2 foil gauge.
4. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the strain gauge full-bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate connection rod (4) in the Y-axis direction includes an Ry1 strain gauge, an Ry2 strain gauge, an Ry3 strain gauge, and an Ry4 strain gauge;
the Ry1 strain gauge and the Ry4 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece (4), and the Ry4 strain gauge is positioned at one side of the middle connecting rod piece (4) close to the micro forging head (7);
the Ry2 strain gauge and the Ry3 strain gauge are arranged at intervals along the axis of the middle connecting rod piece (4), and the Ry2 strain gauge is positioned at one side of the middle connecting rod piece (4) close to the micro forging head (7);
the Ry1 and Ry4 strain gages are spaced one hundred eighty degrees apart from the Ry2 and Ry3 strain gages, the Ry1 and Ry4 strain gages are spaced ninety degrees apart from the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages, and the Ry2 and Ry3 strain gages are spaced ninety degrees apart from the Rx1 and Rx4 strain gages.
5. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit is connected to one end of the Ry1 strain gauge and one end of the Ry2 strain gauge, the other end of the Ry1 strain gauge is connected to one end of the Ry3 strain gauge and one end of the output voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit, the other end of the Ry3 strain gauge is connected to the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit and one end of the Ry4 strain gauge, and the other end of the Ry4 strain gauge is connected to the other end of the output voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit and the other end of the Ry2 strain gauge.
6. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the strain gage full bridge circuit for measuring the impact force of the intermediate link (4) in the Z-axis direction includes an Rz1 strain gage, an Rz2 strain gage, an Rz3 strain gage, and an Rz4 strain gage;
the Rz4 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Ry4 strain gauge, which is far away from the Ry1 strain gauge, the Rz3 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Rx4 strain gauge, which is far away from the Rx1 strain gauge, the Rz1 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Ry2 strain gauge, which is far away from the Ry3 strain gauge, and the Rz2 strain gauge interval is arranged on one side of the Rx2 strain gauge, which is far away from the Rx3 strain gauge.
7. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus and the micro-forging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the arrangement direction of the Rx1 strain gauge, the Rx2 strain gauge, the Rx3 strain gauge, the Rx4 strain gauge, the Ry1 strain gauge, the Ry2 strain gauge, the Ry3 strain gauge, the Ry4 strain gauge, the Rz1 strain gauge and the Rz2 strain gauge is along the axial direction of the intermediate connection rod (4);
the arrangement direction of the Rz3 strain gauge and the Rz4 strain gauge is along the radial direction of the intermediate connection rod piece (4).
8. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the positive electrode of the excitation voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit is connected to one end of the Rz1 strain gauge and one end of the Rz2 strain gauge, the other end of the Rz1 strain gauge is connected to one end of the Rz3 strain gauge and one end of the output voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit, the other end of the Rz3 strain gauge is connected to the negative electrode of the excitation voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit and one end of the Rz4 strain gauge, and the other end of the Rz4 strain gauge is connected to the other end of the output voltage of the full-bridge strain gauge circuit and the other end of the Rz2 strain gauge.
9. The impact force monitoring system for a micro-forging apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the output voltage and the excitation voltage of the foil-full-bridge circuit satisfy the following relation:
wherein U is out Representing the output voltage, U 0 Representing the excitation voltage;
in a strain gauge full-bridge circuit for measuring an impact force of an intermediate connection rod member (4) along an X-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents Rx1 strain gage, R 2 Represents Rx2 strain gage, R 3 Represents Rx3 strain gage, R 4 Represents an Rx4 strain gage;
in the middle for measuringIn the strain foil full-bridge circuit of the impact force of the lever piece (4) along the Y-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents Ry1 strain gage, R 2 Represents Ry2 strain gage, R 3 Represents Ry3 strain gage, R 4 Represents an Ry4 strain gauge;
in a strain gauge full-bridge circuit for measuring impact force of an intermediate connection rod piece (4) along the Z-axis direction: r is R 1 Represents an Rz1 strain gage, R 2 Represents an Rz2 strain gage, R 3 Represents an Rz3 strain gage, R 4 Represents an Rz4 strain gage;
in the impact process, the rod piece can receive impact reaction force effect, when the non-normal impact work piece surface of the micro forging head (7), can also produce non-axial impact force component, when receiving axial impact force, the intermediate connection rod piece (4) can compress under the effect of impact force, produces the strain, according to the linear change of strain gauge and the symmetry of deformation, the change value that the resistance can take place for strain gauge Rz1 and Rz4 is the same, all sets to ΔR to lead to output voltage to take place the vary voltage:
in the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the Z direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the Z-direction full-bridge circuit, R z1 、R z2 、R z3 、R z4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the Z-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
when the micro forging head (7) receives impact force in the X direction, the intermediate connecting rod piece (4) receives bending moment and generates corresponding strain, according to the characteristics of the strain gauge, the resistance of Rx1 and Rx4 is reduced, the resistance of Rx2 and Rx3 is increased, according to the linear change characteristics of the strain gauge and the symmetry of deformation, the resistance change values are delta R, and the differential strain gauge has
In the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the X direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the X-direction full-bridge circuit, R x1 、R x2 、R x3 、R x4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the X-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
when the micro forging head (7) receives the impact force in the Y direction, the intermediate connecting rod piece (4) receives the bending moment and generates corresponding strain, according to the characteristics of the strain gauge, the resistance of Ry1 and Ry4 is reduced, the resistance of Ry2 and Ry3 is increased, according to the linear change characteristics of the strain gauge and the symmetry of deformation, the resistance change values are delta R, and the differential strain gauge has
In the above, U 0 The input excitation voltage of the full-bridge circuit in the Y direction is U out Is the output voltage signal of the Y-direction full-bridge circuit, R x1 、R x2 、R x3 、R x4 Taking the initial resistance value of each strain gauge in the Y-direction full-bridge circuit in the natural state as R, and eliminating a small amount, if:
10. a micro-forging device, characterized in that the impact force monitoring system for the micro-forging device according to any one of claims 1-9 is adopted, the micro-forging device further comprises a micro-forging actuator (8), the micro-forging actuator (8) is detachably connected with one end, far away from a micro-forging head (7), of an intermediate connecting rod piece (4), and the micro-forging actuator (8) drives the intermediate connecting rod piece (4) and the micro-forging head (7) to reciprocate linearly.
CN202311176053.4A 2023-09-12 2023-09-12 Impact force monitoring system for micro-forging device and micro-forging device Pending CN117346938A (en)

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