CN117341170B - Plastic extruder cooling mechanism and extrusion device - Google Patents
Plastic extruder cooling mechanism and extrusion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117341170B CN117341170B CN202311645295.3A CN202311645295A CN117341170B CN 117341170 B CN117341170 B CN 117341170B CN 202311645295 A CN202311645295 A CN 202311645295A CN 117341170 B CN117341170 B CN 117341170B
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
- B29C48/2715—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of plasticising units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/832—Heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/834—Cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/84—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
- B29C48/845—Heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
- B29C48/87—Cooling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic extruders, and discloses a cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder and an extrusion device thereof, wherein the extrusion device comprises an extrusion cylinder, an extrusion screw and a die head assembly, the extrusion screw is inserted into the extrusion cylinder, the die head assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the extrusion cylinder, and the extrusion screw extrudes materials positioned at the end part of the extrusion cylinder to one end of the die head assembly by rotating and extruding the extrusion screw with the cylinder wall of the extrusion cylinder; the cooling device comprises a water cooling assembly, wherein the water cooling assembly is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the extrusion barrel, which is close to the die head assembly, and is used for gradually cooling the tail end of the extrusion barrel. According to the invention, the cooling mechanism is used for firstly cooling to enable the extrusion screw to extrude, then the temperature is raised to a proper extrusion temperature, and then the temperature is cooled to be molded after the orifice plate is extruded, so that the problem that the melting temperature at the material opening is difficult to control and is blocked and difficult to discharge is solved, the screw rod is screwed in and screwed out, carbonized impurities can be carried away, and accumulated materials and carbonized impurities on the extrusion screw are rapidly cleaned.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plastic extruders, in particular to a cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder and an extrusion device.
Background
In the plastic extrusion molding equipment, the plastic extruder is generally called a host machine, and the plastic extrusion molding machine of the subsequent equipment matched with the host machine is called an auxiliary machine.
Wherein the extrusion system comprises a screw, a machine barrel, a hopper, a machine head and the like, the plastic is plasticized into a uniform melt through the extrusion system, and the machine head is continuously extruded by the screw under the pressure established in the process;
wherein the cooling mechanism is arranged to ensure that the plastic is in the temperature range required by the process.
During operation, because the excessive heat generated by the shearing friction of the rotation of the extrusion screw can cause part of materials to be carbonized and piled up on the outer wall of the screw, meanwhile, the molten materials at the material opening are larger in pressure, and the molten materials are sticky and block the material opening because of overhigh temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder and an extrusion device, which solve the technical problems that the carbonization accumulation of materials at the outer part of an extrusion screw and the melting temperature at a material opening are difficult to control, and the blockage and the discharge are difficult to occur in the prior art.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a plastic extruder extrusion device comprising an extrusion barrel, an extrusion screw and a die head assembly, wherein the extrusion screw is inserted into the extrusion barrel, the die head assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the extrusion barrel, and the extrusion screw extrudes materials positioned at the end part of the extrusion barrel to one end of the die head assembly by rotating and extruding with the barrel wall of the extrusion barrel;
the cleaning assembly comprises a screw rod, a sliding block, a conductive column and a driving piece, wherein the driving piece is arranged at one end of the screw rod and drives the screw rod to rotate around the axis of the driving piece;
the extrusion screw comprises a metal core and a ceramic extrusion layer, wherein the ceramic extrusion layer is arranged on the outer wall of the metal core, and a spiral channel is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic extrusion layer.
Further: the driving piece comprises a transmission rod piece, a driven fluted disc and a connecting seat, wherein the driven fluted disc is arranged on the inner side wall of the connecting seat, the outer wall of the driven fluted disc is in transmission connection with the transmission rod piece, and a group of clutch transmission pieces are arranged between the end part of the transmission rod piece and the end part of the extrusion screw.
Further: the transmission rod piece comprises a rod body and a transmission gear, the transmission gear is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the rod body, the length direction of the rod body is consistent with the length direction of the extrusion cylinder, and transmission connection matching is formed between the transmission gear and the driven gear.
Further: the clutch transmission piece comprises a driving gear and a clutch gear, the driving gear is arranged at the rod end of the extrusion screw, the clutch gear is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the rod body, and the driving gear is used for intervening power to the rod body through the clutch gear.
Further: the die head assembly comprises a die head seat and an extrusion head, the extrusion head is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the die head seat, the inner side wall of the die head seat is provided with a pore plate, and the outer wall of the pore plate is propped against and connected with the outer wall of the cleaning assembly.
Further: the outer wall of the extrusion cylinder is also provided with a heating component which is used for heating the materials in the extrusion cylinder to a molten state.
Further: the asymptote of the screw rod is matched with the groove direction asymptote of the screw channel.
According to another aspect of the invention, a cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder is provided, which comprises a water cooling assembly, wherein the water cooling assembly is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of an extrusion cylinder close to a die head assembly, and is used for gradually cooling the tail end of the extrusion cylinder so as to enable materials to be molded and extruded through the die head assembly;
the die head water cooling part comprises a die head circulating water channel and a liquid inlet valve, the die head circulating water channel is arranged on the inner side of the die head assembly, and the liquid inlet valve is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the circulating water channel.
Further: the water cooling assembly comprises an internal circulation water channel, an external pipeline and a base body, wherein the base body is arranged on the outer wall of the extrusion cylinder, the internal circulation water channel is arranged in the inner walls of the two sides of the base body, and the circulation water channels of the two sides are communicated through the external pipeline.
Further: the die head circulating water channel and the internal circulating water channel are both in spiral structures, and the water channel spacing of the internal circulating water channel is gradually reduced from the extrusion screw to one end of the die head component.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the cleaning component is extruded to be cylindrical, the molten material can be slowly decompressed, the tangential pressure of the extrusion screw end for extruding the molten material is reduced, the stability of the orifice plate and the die holder in the die head is improved, meanwhile, the cooling mechanism is utilized to firstly cool down to enable the extrusion screw to extrude, then the temperature is raised to a proper extrusion temperature, and then the cooling molding process is carried out after the orifice plate is extruded, so that the problem that the melting temperature at the material opening is difficult to control and block and difficult to discharge is solved, meanwhile, the screw rod is screwed out, when the extrusion screw rod and the extrusion screw rod end cavity are extruded, the screw rod is released, the screw rod body is screwed in and out along the asymptote of the extrusion screw rod, and carbonized impurities are carried away, so that the accumulated material and the carbonized impurities on the outer wall of the extrusion screw rod are rapidly cleaned.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an extrusion device and a cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-section of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the die assembly of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cleaning assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the extrusion head portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the water cooling assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the extrusion screw of FIG. 1;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a die assembly in the second embodiment.
In the figure: 100. a die assembly; 110. conductive groove strips; 120. a liquid inlet valve; 130. a die head circulating water channel; 140. a die head seat; 150. an extrusion head; 160. a connecting cylinder; 170. a drive shaft; 200. a water cooling assembly; 210. an internal circulation water channel; 220. an outer pipe; 230. a base; 300. a transmission rod; 310. a transmission gear; 320. a rod body; 400. a clutch transmission; 410. a drive gear; 420. a clutch gear; 500. extruding a screw; 510. a metal core; 520. an outer ceramic extrusion layer; 530. a power end; 600. a heating assembly; 700. a hopper; 800. cleaning the assembly; 810. a driven fluted disc; 820. an orifice plate; 830. a screw rod; 840. a conductive post; 850. a slide block; 860. and a connecting seat.
Detailed Description
The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are merely discussed so that those skilled in the art may better understand and implement the subject matter described herein and that changes may be made in the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure herein. Various examples may omit, replace, or add various procedures or components as desired. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in other examples as well.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, an extrusion device of a plastic extruder comprises an extrusion barrel, an extrusion screw 500 and a die head assembly 100, wherein the extrusion screw 500 is inserted into the extrusion barrel, the die head assembly 100 is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the extrusion barrel, and the extrusion screw 500 extrudes materials positioned at the end part of the extrusion barrel to one end of the die head assembly 100 by rotating and extruding with the wall of the extrusion barrel;
a hopper 700 is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the extrusion barrel far away from the die head assembly 100, materials are thrown into the hopper 700 and enter an extrusion gap between the extrusion screw 500 and the extrusion barrel;
the cleaning assembly 800 is arranged in the joint of the die head assembly 100 and the extrusion barrel, the cleaning assembly 800 comprises a screw rod 830, a sliding block 850, a conductive column 840 and a driving piece, the driving piece is arranged on one end of the screw rod 830, the driving piece drives the screw rod 830 to rotate around the axis of the driving piece, the inner side wall of the screw rod 830 is in abutting connection with the outer wall of the extrusion screw 500, the sliding block 850 is arranged on the outer wall of the screw rod 830, the conductive column 840 is arranged on the outer side wall of the sliding block 850, the inner side wall of one end of the extrusion barrel, which is close to the die head assembly 100, is provided with a conductive groove strip 110, and the end part of the conductive column 840 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the conductive groove strip 110;
the extrusion screw 500 comprises a metal core 510 and a ceramic extrusion layer, wherein the ceramic extrusion layer is arranged on the outer wall of the metal core 510, and a spiral channel is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic extrusion layer, and the asymptote of the spiral rod 830 is matched with the groove direction asymptote of the spiral channel.
Meanwhile, a power end 530 is arranged at the tail end of the extrusion screw 500, and the power end 530 is connected with a gear box in the plastic extruder and is used for being connected with a power output end of the gear box;
the metal core 510 includes, but is not limited to, a rod body structure made of iron, and a protrusion is provided between the ceramic extrusion layer and the metal core 510 to ensure the integrity between the ceramic extrusion layer and the metal core 510.
The driving member comprises a driving rod 300, a driven fluted disc 810 and a connecting seat 860, wherein the driven fluted disc 810 is arranged on the inner side wall of the connecting seat 860, the outer wall of the driven fluted disc 810 is in transmission connection with the driving rod 300, and a group of clutch driving members 400 are arranged between the end part of the driving rod 300 and the end part of the extrusion screw 500.
The transmission rod 300 comprises a rod body 320 and a transmission gear 310, the transmission gear 310 is mounted on the outer wall of one end of the rod body 320, the length direction of the rod body 320 is consistent with the length direction of the extrusion cylinder, and the transmission gear 310 and the driven gear form transmission connection fit.
The clutch transmission 400 includes a driving gear 410 and a clutch gear 420, the driving gear 410 is installed at a rod end of the extrusion screw 500, the clutch gear 420 is installed on an outer wall of an end portion of the rod body 320, and the driving gear 410 inserts power into the rod body 320 through the clutch gear 420.
Die assembly 100 includes die head mount 140 and extrusion head 150, extrusion head 150 is mounted on an inner wall of one end of die head mount 140, and an orifice plate 820 is mounted on an inner wall of die head mount 140, an outer wall of orifice plate 820 being connected against an outer wall of cleaning assembly 800.
It should be noted that, a connecting tube 160 is disposed at one side of the die holder 140, the connecting tube 160 is connected with the water cooling assembly 200, and the outer wall of the screw 830 of the cleaning assembly 800 is abutted against the inner wall of the connecting tube 160.
The orifice plate 820 is provided with extrusion holes distributed in a ring shape, the extrusion holes are oriented to be consistent with the rod direction of the extrusion screw 500, the orifice plate 820 is positioned at the outer side of the end part of the extrusion screw 500, and the inner side wall of the orifice plate 820 is propped against the cleaning assembly 800.
It should be noted that, the screw 830 is a flexible screw rod, and in the compressed state, it is located inside the die assembly 100 and is used for transiting the molten material extruded from the end of the extrusion screw 500, and then enters the extrusion head 150 of the die assembly 100, and in the compressed state, the cleaning assembly 800 is used for decelerating the incoming molten material, and is driven by the driving member connected thereto, and rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the extrusion screw 500, so as to form a cylinder structure capable of decelerating the molten material with tangential velocity, so that the tangential pressure when reaching the extrusion head 150 and the orifice plate 820 is reduced, and the material is better discharged radially through the orifice plate 820 of the die assembly 100;
the outer wall of the extrusion barrel is further provided with a heating assembly 600, the heating assembly 600 is used for heating materials in the extrusion barrel to a molten state, the heating assembly 600 comprises, but is not limited to, a heating coil and a heat conducting seat, the heating coil is installed on the inner side of the heat conducting seat, and the heat conducting seat is installed on the outer wall of the extrusion barrel.
Meanwhile, it should be noted that, during the stretching process of the screw rod 830, the screw rod 830 is adapted to the extrusion channel on the outer ceramic extrusion layer 520, when the screw rod 830 is stretched, the conductive channel strip 110 is electrified, the screw rod 830 at this time has the function of remelting the melt cooled on the inner extrusion screw 500, and when the screw rod 830 is reversed and gradually screwed out from the extrusion screw 500, the melt accumulated in the inner part and impurities accumulated at the extrusion end due to carbonization can be carried away and extruded through one side of the orifice plate 820;
when the screw rod 830 is reversely rotated and the screw thread on the outer side of the extrusion screw 500 is screwed out, the extrusion at the tail end of the pore plate 820 is in a cylindrical structure, at this time, the conductive groove strip 110 is electrified, a vortex effect is formed at the end of the extrusion screw 500, the metal core 510 on the inner side of the extrusion screw 500 is heated, at this time, materials accumulated in a cavity between the extrusion screw 500 and the pore plate 820 can be melted, and the materials are discharged together through logistics, so that the extrusion of materials during restarting use is facilitated.
In the extrusion device of the plastic extruder, in the daily working condition, materials are melted and continuously output through an extrusion screw 500, an extrusion cylinder and a heating assembly 600, the materials are extruded to one end of a die head assembly 100 through the asymptote output of the extrusion screw 500, and then enter the tail end of the extrusion screw 500, at the moment, a cleaning assembly 800 is used for decelerating, the adjacent rod bodies 320 of a screw rod 830 are provided with smaller gaps, sliding blocks 850 are abutted against each other, a conductive column 840 at the end part of the sliding blocks 850 is in sliding connection with the inner side of the tail end of a conductive groove strip 110, at the moment, a driving gear 410 is combined through a clutch gear 420, the extrusion screw 500 acts, at the same time, a driving piece connected with the screw rod 830 drives the extrusion screw 500 to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the extrusion screw 500, namely, a servo motor works to drive the driving gear 410 to rotate, and the driving gear 410 drives a driven fluted disc 810 meshed with the driving gear to rotate, so that a cylinder structure capable of decelerating molten materials with tangential speed is formed, the cylinder structure is continuously decelerated and pressed into the end of an orifice plate 820, tangential pressure when the materials reach the extrusion head 150 part of the die head assembly 100 is reduced, and the materials are better discharged through the orifice 820 in the radial direction;
when the extrusion screw 500 and the die head assembly 100 need to be cleaned, the end part of the screw rod 830 is always sleeved to the end part of the extrusion screw 500 under the self elastic action, the clutch gear 420 in the driving part is switched to drive the screw rod 830 to rotate around the external thread of the extrusion screw 500, the screw rod 830 is continuously stretched while screwing in, the screw rod 830 is screwed in the outer surface of the extrusion screw 500 and continuously drives carbonized impurities outside the extrusion screw 500 to be cleaned, the telescopic rod is stretched, meanwhile, the sliding block 850 slides along the telescopic rod, the screw rod 830 slides through a rod groove in the sliding block 850 until reaching the rod end of the extrusion screw 500, the clutch gear 420 is combined to drive the driving part to drive the driven fluted disc 810 to rotate reversely, the screw rod 830 is retracted, and the screw rod 830 is rotated out of the outer surface of the extrusion screw 500 to drive the carbonized impurities on the surface to be scraped by a scraping groove inside the screw rod 830 again;
the sliding block 850 always slides in the conductive groove strip 110, the clutch gear 420 is in a combined state, the screw 830 continuously rotates at the moment, the screw 830 in a compressed state rotates, and the sliding block 850 on the screw 830 scrapes carbonized impurities on the surface of the screw 830;
screw 830 is adapted to the extrusion channel on outer ceramic extrusion layer 520, when screw 830 is stretched, current is supplied through conductive channel strip 110, at this time screw 830 functions to remelt the melt cooled on inner extrusion screw 500, and when screw 830 is reversed and gradually unscrewed from extrusion screw 500, the cooled melt accumulated inside and impurities accumulated at the extrusion end due to carbonization can be carried away and extruded through orifice plate 820 side;
when the screw rod 830 is reversely rotated and the screw thread on the outer side of the extrusion screw 500 is screwed out, the extrusion at the tail end of the pore plate 820 is in a cylindrical structure, at this time, the conductive groove strip 110 is electrified, a vortex effect is formed at the end of the extrusion screw 500, the metal core 510 on the inner side of the extrusion screw 500 is heated, at this time, materials accumulated in a cavity between the extrusion screw 500 and the pore plate 820 can be melted, and the materials are discharged together through logistics, so that the extrusion of materials during restarting use is facilitated.
Example two
Referring to fig. 8, compared with the extrusion device of the plastic extruder in the first embodiment, the driving member of the extrusion device is an independent power source, i.e. the driven fluted disc 810 extends to the die head assembly 100, the driving shaft 170 is provided with a driving motor at the shaft end, the driving motor can regulate the forward and reverse rotation and the direction of the extrusion screw 500, and the screw 830 can be driven by the independent power source to rotate at different speeds;
wherein the extrusion head 150 is partly an extrusion die for extruding a sheet, and a cutting mechanism is arranged at the end of the die for cutting off the extruded sheet material.
Example III
Referring to fig. 1-3, a cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder comprises a water cooling assembly 200, wherein the water cooling assembly 200 is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of an extrusion cylinder close to a die head assembly 100, and the water cooling assembly 200 is used for gradually cooling the tail end of the extrusion cylinder to enable materials to be molded and extruded through the die head assembly 100;
and a die head water cooling part comprising a die head circulating water channel 130 and a liquid inlet valve 120, wherein the die head circulating water channel 130 is arranged on the inner side of the die head assembly 100, and the liquid inlet valve 120 is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the circulating water channel.
The water cooling assembly 200 includes an internal circulation water channel 210, an external pipe 220 and a base 230, the base 230 is installed on the external wall of the extrusion cylinder, the internal circulation water channel 210 is disposed in the inner walls of both sides of the base 230, and the circulation water channels of both sides are communicated through the external pipe 220.
The die circulation channel 130 and the internal circulation channel 210 are both in a spiral structure, and the channel spacing of the internal circulation channel 210 is gradually reduced from the extrusion screw 500 to one end of the die assembly 100, that is, a cooling mechanism with gradually decreasing temperature in the direction from the hopper 700 to the extrusion head 150 is formed.
The end of the extrusion screw 500 is gradually cooled by the cooling component, the viscosity of the molten material is increased, the extrusion screw 500 is further utilized to extrude to the side of the orifice plate 820, meanwhile, the temperature is raised again at the tail end of the extrusion screw 500, the viscosity of the molten material is reduced, after the molten material is extruded through the orifice plate 820, the extruded material is rapidly cooled by molding the orifice plate 820 through the die head circulating water channel 130, the material is molded, the cooling mechanism gradually cools the material, the temperature is raised and then cooled, the extrusion effect and extrusion plasticity are improved, and the rapid extrusion and molding of the material are ensured.
The embodiment has been described above with reference to the embodiment, but the embodiment is not limited to the above-described specific implementation, which is only illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms can be made by those of ordinary skill in the art, given the benefit of this disclosure, are within the scope of this embodiment.
Claims (7)
1. The extrusion device of the plastic extruder comprises an extrusion cylinder, an extrusion screw (500) and a die head assembly (100), and is characterized in that the extrusion screw (500) is inserted into the extrusion cylinder, the die head assembly (100) is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the extrusion cylinder, and the extrusion screw (500) extrudes materials positioned at the end part of the extrusion cylinder to one end of the die head assembly (100) by rotating and extruding with the cylinder wall of the extrusion cylinder;
the cleaning assembly (800) is arranged in the joint of the die head assembly (100) and the extrusion cylinder, the cleaning assembly (800) comprises a screw rod (830), a sliding block (850), a conductive column (840) and a driving piece, the driving piece is arranged on one end of the screw rod (830), the screw rod (830) is a spiral rod body with elasticity, the driving piece drives the screw rod (830) to rotate around the axis of the screw rod, the inner side wall of the screw rod (830) is abutted to be connected on the outer wall of the extrusion screw rod (500), the sliding block (850) is arranged on the outer wall of the screw rod (830), the conductive column (840) is arranged on the outer side wall of the sliding block (850), the conductive groove strip (110) is arranged on the inner side wall of one end, close to the die head assembly (100), of the extrusion cylinder is connected in the inner wall of the conductive groove strip (110) in a sliding mode;
the extrusion screw (500) comprises a metal core (510) and a ceramic extrusion layer, wherein the ceramic extrusion layer is arranged on the outer wall of the metal core (510), and a spiral channel is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic extrusion layer;
the driving piece comprises a transmission rod piece (300), a driven fluted disc (810) and a connecting seat (860), wherein the driven fluted disc (810) is arranged on the inner side wall of the connecting seat (860), the outer wall of the driven fluted disc (810) is in transmission connection with the transmission rod piece (300), and a group of clutch transmission pieces (400) are arranged between the end part of the transmission rod piece (300) and the end part of the extrusion screw (500);
the die head assembly (100) comprises a die head seat (140) and an extrusion head (150), wherein the extrusion head (150) is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the die head seat (140), the inner wall of the die head seat (140) is provided with a pore plate (820), and the outer wall of the pore plate (820) is in abutting connection with the outer wall of the cleaning assembly (800);
the asymptote of the helical shaft (830) is adapted to the groove-wise asymptote of the helical channel.
2. The extrusion apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmission rod (300) comprises a rod body (320) and a transmission gear (310), the transmission gear (310) is mounted on an outer wall of one end of the rod body (320), the length direction of the rod body (320) is consistent with the length direction of the extrusion cylinder, and the transmission gear (310) and the driven gear form transmission connection cooperation.
3. A plastic extruder extrusion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the clutch transmission (400) comprises a driving gear (410) and a clutch gear (420), the driving gear (410) is mounted on the rod end of the extrusion screw (500), the clutch gear (420) is mounted on the outer wall of the end of the rod body (320), and the driving gear (410) is powered by the clutch gear (420) to the rod body (320).
4. A plastic extruder extrusion apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the outer wall of the extrusion barrel is further provided with a heating assembly (600), the heating assembly (600) being adapted to heat the material in the extrusion barrel to a molten state.
5. A cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder, which is applied to the extrusion device of the plastic extruder in any one of claims 1-4, and comprises a water cooling assembly (200), wherein the water cooling assembly (200) is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of an extrusion cylinder, which is close to a die head assembly (100), and the water cooling assembly (200) is used for gradually cooling the tail end of the extrusion cylinder so as to enable materials to be molded and extruded through the die head assembly (100);
the die head water cooling part comprises a die head circulating water channel (130) and a liquid inlet valve (120), wherein the die head circulating water channel (130) is arranged on the inner side of the die head assembly (100), and the liquid inlet valve (120) is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the circulating water channel.
6. The cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder according to claim 5, wherein the water cooling assembly (200) comprises an internal circulation water channel (210), an external pipe (220) and a base (230), the base (230) is mounted on the external wall of the extrusion barrel, the internal circulation water channel (210) is disposed in the internal walls of both sides of the base (230), and the circulation water channels of both sides are communicated through the external pipe (220).
7. The cooling mechanism of a plastic extruder of claim 6 wherein the die circulation channel (130) and the internal circulation channel (210) are each of a spiral configuration, and the channel spacing of the internal circulation channel (210) decreases gradually from the extrusion screw (500) to one end of the die assembly (100).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311645295.3A CN117341170B (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | Plastic extruder cooling mechanism and extrusion device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311645295.3A CN117341170B (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | Plastic extruder cooling mechanism and extrusion device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117341170A CN117341170A (en) | 2024-01-05 |
| CN117341170B true CN117341170B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311645295.3A Active CN117341170B (en) | 2023-12-04 | 2023-12-04 | Plastic extruder cooling mechanism and extrusion device |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH644058A5 (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1984-07-13 | Maillefer Sa | Extruder with screw for plastics |
| TW200613044A (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2006-05-01 | Erema | A device for the continuous filtering of flowable masses containing solid particles |
| CN116423865A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-07-14 | 厦门高沧包装科技股份有限公司 | Production process and equipment for plastic fiber composite pipe |
| CN116811180A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 山东金猫线缆有限公司 | Cable extrusion device |
-
2023
- 2023-12-04 CN CN202311645295.3A patent/CN117341170B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH644058A5 (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1984-07-13 | Maillefer Sa | Extruder with screw for plastics |
| TW200613044A (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2006-05-01 | Erema | A device for the continuous filtering of flowable masses containing solid particles |
| CN116423865A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-07-14 | 厦门高沧包装科技股份有限公司 | Production process and equipment for plastic fiber composite pipe |
| CN116811180A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 山东金猫线缆有限公司 | Cable extrusion device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN117341170A (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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