CN117340999A - Low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117340999A CN117340999A CN202311523084.2A CN202311523084A CN117340999A CN 117340999 A CN117340999 A CN 117340999A CN 202311523084 A CN202311523084 A CN 202311523084A CN 117340999 A CN117340999 A CN 117340999A
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- Prior art keywords
- heating
- low
- montmorillonite
- preparation
- preserving heat
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical class OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dopamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007270 Gaultheria hispida Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009134 Myrica cerifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000269152 Myrica pensylvanica Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012851 Myrica pensylvanica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001149 dopamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/12—Impregnating by coating the surface of the wood with an impregnating paste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
- B27K3/153—Without in-situ polymerisation, condensation, or cross-linking reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/18—Compounds of alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/60—Improving the heat-storage capacity
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of plywood, in particular to a low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that raw wood is subjected to dipping treatment in gelatin-sugar alcohol dipping liquid, modified waterborne polyurethane is adopted as an adhesive of the plywood, and calcium carbonate and composite montmorillonite are introduced as fillers; coating montmorillonite with polydopamine, and grafting carbonated tannin; in the preparation of modified waterborne polyurethane, polycaprolactone polyol and isophorone diisocyanate are selected to prepare a prepolymer, N-methyl diethanolamine is added to improve the heat resistance of polyurethane, modified silica prepared by modifying nano silica with isopropoxy tris (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate and butanediol are selected to serve as a chain extender, and hydroxylated phytic acid is selected to serve as a cross-linking agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plywood, in particular to low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plywood is one of three artificial boards, is a multi-layer board formed by cutting wood Fang Bao into single boards or cutting wood Cheng Baomu into Cheng Baomu by rotary cutting, and is glued by an adhesive, and is widely applied to building decoration, furniture manufacture, floor manufacture, ship vehicle decoration and the like because of good mechanical property and processability.
The formaldehyde pollution in the existing plywood market is always a hot spot problem, and because the traditional adhesive contains a large amount of formaldehyde, the safety and environmental protection of the multi-layer plywood are greatly reduced, and the formaldehyde is removed by ventilation for a long time in the traditional adhesive, so that the utilization rate of the plywood is greatly reduced, and therefore, the development of the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood has practical significance and important economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a composite coating agent by using composite montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and modified waterborne polyurethane;
s2: soaking log in gelatin-sugar alcohol soaking solution, and gradient heating and drying to obtain substrate;
s3: and (3) smearing the composite coating agent on the surface of the substrate, standing and illuminating, laminating and combining according to the mutual perpendicularity of textures between two adjacent layers, and hot-pressing to obtain the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood.
Further, the working conditions of the dipping treatment are as follows: vacuumizing to-0.1 MPa for 20-30min, pressurizing to 0.8MPa, and maintaining for 2-3h.
Further, the working conditions of gradient heating drying are as follows: heating to 45 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 65 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 103 ℃ and keeping for 24 hours.
Further, the working conditions of the hot pressing are as follows: the temperature is 190-200deg.C, the time is 6-8min, and the pressure is 1.2MPa.
Further, the composition of the gelatin-sugar alcohol infusion was: deionized water is used as a solvent, wherein 63g/L of gelatin, 204g/L of sugar alcohol, 13g/L of maleic anhydride, 8g/L of sodium tetraborate and 21g/L of modified silicon dioxide are used.
Further, the composite coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of composite montmorillonite, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate and 30-35 parts of modified waterborne polyurethane.
Further, the preparation of the composite montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing montmorillonite and Tris-HCl buffer solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-20min, adding mixed solution of dopamine hydrochloride and Tris-HCl buffer solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, preserving heat at 25-30 ℃ for 10-12h, centrifuging, freeze-drying and grinding to obtain polydopamine coated montmorillonite;
2) Mixing deionized water, dimethyl carbonate and waxberry tannin powder, heating to 45-50deg.C, maintaining the temperature in water bath for 30-40min, adding mixed solution of polydopamine coated montmorillonite and deionized water, and maintaining the temperature for 20-30min to obtain the composite montmorillonite.
Further, the preparation of the modified waterborne polyurethane comprises the following steps:
mixing pentaerythritol and phytic acid, heating to 115-120 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, vacuum filtering, and freeze drying to obtain hydroxylated phytic acid; heating polycaprolactone polyol to 85-90 ℃ and preserving heat for 2h, cooling to 75-78 ℃, adding isophorone diisocyanate, dibutyl tin dilaurate and butanone under nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 78-82 ℃ and preserving heat for 2h, cooling to 30-35 ℃, adding N-methyldiethanolamine, modified silicon dioxide and butanone, continuously preserving heat for 50-70min, heating to 78-82 ℃, adding butanediol and butanone, continuously preserving heat for 2-3h, cooling to 30-35 ℃, adjusting pH to 6, preserving heat for 20-30min, adding hydroxylated phytic acid and deionized water, stirring for 2-3h, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain the modified waterborne polyurethane.
Further, the preparation of the modified silica comprises the following steps: mixing nano silicon dioxide and toluene, ultrasonically oscillating for 20-30min at 40-50 ℃, adding isopropyl tri (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate, ultrasonically oscillating for 20-30min, heating to 65-70 ℃, preserving heat for 4-5h, centrifuging, adding tertiary butanol, ultrasonically oscillating for 8-10min, centrifuging, standing overnight, and vacuum drying to obtain modified silicon dioxide.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood and a preparation method thereof.
The method comprises the steps of selecting gelatin-sugar alcohol impregnating solution to carry out impregnation treatment on raw wood, selecting low-price harmless and environment-friendly gelatin as an inducer, modifying nano silicon dioxide by using isopropyl tri (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate, combining gelatin, sugar alcohol, wood and the modified silicon dioxide by reference to biomimetic mineralization, inducing the orderly deposition of the modified silicon dioxide and sugar alcohol on the wood, and carrying out chemical reaction on furfuryl alcohol, lignin benzene ring vacancy and side chains, thereby greatly improving mildew resistance, flame retardance and impact resistance of a substrate.
In order to reduce formaldehyde emission, the modified waterborne polyurethane is adopted as an adhesive of the plywood, wherein calcium carbonate with a cube structure and montmorillonite with a layered structure are introduced as fillers, and the modified waterborne polyurethane is subjected to filling modification, so that the mechanical property of the modified waterborne polyurethane is improved, and meanwhile, the use cost of the modified waterborne polyurethane is reduced; in order to uniformly disperse montmorillonite in the aqueous polyurethane and improve the reactivity of the aqueous polyurethane, modifying the montmorillonite, coating the montmorillonite with polydopamine, grafting carbonated tannin, improving the uniformity of montmorillonite dispersion, and simultaneously, introducing the tannin can effectively improve the crosslinking reaction degree in the composite coating agent and enhance the bonding performance of the composite coating agent; the tannin is introduced after carbonating, so that the steric hindrance of the tannin can be reduced, the binding force of the tannin with other raw materials in the composite coating agent is improved, the complexity of a crosslinked network is enhanced, and the flame retardance, the sound insulation and the mechanical strength of the plywood are improved.
In the preparation of modified waterborne polyurethane, polycaprolactone polyol and isophorone diisocyanate are selected to prepare a prepolymer, N-methyl diethanolamine is added to improve the heat resistance of polyurethane, modified silica prepared by modifying nano silica with isopropoxy tris (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate and butanediol are selected as chain extenders, and hydroxylated phytic acid is selected as a cross-linking agent to greatly improve the heat stability, hydrophobicity and flame retardance of polyurethane, so that plywood is endowed with higher heat resistance and flame retardance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is merely used to explain a relative positional relationship between a specific posture such as each component, a movement condition, and the like, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be presented in further detail with reference to the examples, which should be understood as being merely illustrative of the present invention and not limiting.
Example 1: the preparation method of the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a composite coating agent by using composite montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and modified waterborne polyurethane;
the composite coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of composite montmorillonite, 1 part of calcium carbonate and 30 parts of modified waterborne polyurethane;
the preparation of the composite montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing 4g of montmorillonite and 500mLTris-HCl buffer solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, adding 10.5g of mixed solution of dopamine hydrochloride and 800mLTris-HCl buffer solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min, carrying out heat preservation at 25 ℃ for 12h, centrifuging, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain polydopamine coated montmorillonite;
2) Mixing 4g of deionized water, 5g of dimethyl carbonate and 6g of waxberry tannin powder, heating to 45 ℃ and preserving heat in a water bath for 40min, adding a mixed solution of 1g of polydopamine coated montmorillonite and 1g of deionized water, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain composite montmorillonite;
the preparation of the modified waterborne polyurethane comprises the following steps:
mixing 2.18g of pentaerythritol and 13.6g of phytic acid, heating to 115 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, vacuum filtering, and freeze-drying to obtain hydroxylated phytic acid; heating 0.1mol of polycaprolactone polyol to 85 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to 75 ℃, adding 0.44mol of isophorone diisocyanate, 4-drop dibutyl tin dilaurate and 10mL of butanone under nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 78 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to 30 ℃, adding 0.1mol of N-methyl diethanolamine and 4mL of butanone and preserving heat for 50 minutes, heating to 78 ℃, adding 5g of modified silica, 0.26mol of butanediol and 10mL of butanone, preserving heat for 2 hours continuously, cooling to 30 ℃, adjusting pH to 6, preserving heat for 20 minutes, adding 7g of hydroxylated phytic acid and 20mL of deionized water, stirring for 2 hours, and performing reduced pressure distillation to obtain modified waterborne polyurethane;
s2: soaking log in gelatin-sugar alcohol soaking solution, and gradient heating and drying to obtain substrate;
the working conditions of the dipping treatment are as follows: vacuumizing to-0.1 MPa for 20min, pressurizing to 0.8MPa for 2h;
the working conditions of gradient heating and drying are as follows: heating to 45 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 65 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 103 ℃ and keeping for 24 hours;
the composition of the gelatin-sugar alcohol infusion is: deionized water is used as a solvent, wherein 63g/L of gelatin, 204g/L of sugar alcohol, 13g/L of maleic anhydride, 8g/L of sodium tetraborate and 21g/L of modified silicon dioxide are used;
the preparation of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: mixing 0.5g of nano silicon dioxide and 90mL of toluene, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 30min at 40 ℃, adding 2g of isopropyl tri (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 20min, heating to 65 ℃, preserving heat for 5h, centrifuging, adding 100mL of tertiary butanol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 8min, centrifuging, standing overnight, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain modified silicon dioxide;
s3: coating the composite coating agent on the surface of a substrate, standing for 20min under sunlight, vertically laminating and combining according to textures between two adjacent layers, and hot-pressing to obtain the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood; the working conditions of hot pressing are as follows: the temperature is 190 ℃, the time is 8min, and the pressure is 1.2MPa.
Example 2: the preparation method of the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a composite coating agent by using composite montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and modified waterborne polyurethane;
the composite coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of composite montmorillonite, 2 parts of calcium carbonate and 33 parts of modified waterborne polyurethane;
the preparation of the composite montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing 4g of montmorillonite and 500mLTris-HCl buffer solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 18min, adding 10.5g of mixed solution of dopamine hydrochloride and 800mLTris-HCl buffer solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 13min, carrying out heat preservation at 28 ℃ for 11h, centrifuging, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain polydopamine coated montmorillonite;
2) Mixing 4g of deionized water, 5g of dimethyl carbonate and 6g of waxberry tannin powder, heating to 48 ℃ and preserving heat for 35min in a water bath, adding a mixed solution of 1g of polydopamine coated montmorillonite and 1g of deionized water, and preserving heat for 25min to obtain composite montmorillonite;
the preparation of the modified waterborne polyurethane comprises the following steps:
mixing 2.18g of pentaerythritol and 13.6g of phytic acid, heating to 118 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5h, vacuum filtering, and freeze-drying to obtain hydroxylated phytic acid; heating 0.1mol of polycaprolactone polyol to 88 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to 76 ℃, adding 0.44mol of isophorone diisocyanate, 4 drops of dibutyl tin dilaurate and 10mL of butanone under nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 80 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to 33 ℃, adding 0.1mol of N-methyl diethanolamine and 4mL of butanone and preserving heat for 60 minutes, heating to 80 ℃, adding 5g of modified silica, 0.26mol of butanediol and 10mL of butanone, preserving heat for 2.5 hours continuously, cooling to 33 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6, preserving heat for 25 minutes, adding 7g of hydroxylated phytic acid and 20mL of deionized water, stirring for 2.5 hours, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain modified waterborne polyurethane;
s2: soaking log in gelatin-sugar alcohol soaking solution, and gradient heating and drying to obtain substrate;
the working conditions of the dipping treatment are as follows: vacuumizing to-0.1 MPa for 25min, pressurizing to 0.8MPa for 2.5h;
the working conditions of gradient heating and drying are as follows: heating to 45 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 65 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 103 ℃ and keeping for 24 hours;
the composition of the gelatin-sugar alcohol infusion is: deionized water is used as a solvent, wherein 63g/L of gelatin, 204g/L of sugar alcohol, 13g/L of maleic anhydride, 8g/L of sodium tetraborate and 21g/L of modified silicon dioxide are used;
the preparation of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: mixing 0.5g of nano silicon dioxide and 90mL of toluene, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation at 45 ℃ for 25min, adding 2g of isopropyl tri (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 25min, heating to 68 ℃, preserving heat for 4.5h, centrifuging, adding 100mL of tertiary butanol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 9min, centrifuging, standing overnight, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain modified silicon dioxide;
s3: coating the composite coating agent on the surface of a substrate, standing for 20min under sunlight, vertically laminating and combining according to textures between two adjacent layers, and hot-pressing to obtain the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood; the working conditions of hot pressing are as follows: the temperature is 195 ℃ and the time is 7min, and the pressure is 1.2MPa.
Example 3: the preparation method of the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a composite coating agent by using composite montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and modified waterborne polyurethane;
the composite coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of composite montmorillonite, 3 parts of calcium carbonate and 35 parts of modified waterborne polyurethane;
the preparation of the composite montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing 4g of montmorillonite and 500mLTris-HCl buffer solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min, adding 10.5g of mixed solution of dopamine hydrochloride and 800mLTris-HCl buffer solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, carrying out heat preservation at 30 ℃ for 10h, centrifuging, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain polydopamine coated montmorillonite;
2) Mixing 4g of deionized water, 5g of dimethyl carbonate and 6g of waxberry tannin powder, heating to 50 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min in a water bath, adding a mixed solution of 1g of polydopamine coated montmorillonite and 1g of deionized water, and preserving heat for 30min to obtain composite montmorillonite;
the preparation of the modified waterborne polyurethane comprises the following steps:
mixing 2.18g of pentaerythritol and 13.6g of phytic acid, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, vacuum filtering, and freeze-drying to obtain hydroxylated phytic acid; heating 0.1mol of polycaprolactone polyol to 90 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to 78 ℃, adding 0.44mol of isophorone diisocyanate, 4-drop dibutyl tin dilaurate and 10mL of butanone under nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 82 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to 35 ℃, adding 0.1mol of N-methyl diethanolamine and 4mL of butanone, continuously preserving heat for 70 minutes, heating to 82 ℃, adding 5g of modified silicon dioxide, 0.26mol of butanediol and 10mL of butanone, continuously preserving heat for 3 hours, cooling to 35 ℃, adjusting pH to 6, preserving heat for 30 minutes, adding 7g of hydroxylated phytic acid and 20mL of deionized water, stirring for 3 hours, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain modified waterborne polyurethane;
s2: soaking log in gelatin-sugar alcohol soaking solution, and gradient heating and drying to obtain substrate;
the working conditions of the dipping treatment are as follows: vacuumizing to-0.1 MPa for 30min, pressurizing to 0.8MPa for 3h;
the working conditions of gradient heating and drying are as follows: heating to 45 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 65 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 103 ℃ and keeping for 24 hours;
the composition of the gelatin-sugar alcohol infusion is: deionized water is used as a solvent, wherein 63g/L of gelatin, 204g/L of sugar alcohol, 13g/L of maleic anhydride, 8g/L of sodium tetraborate and 21g/L of modified silicon dioxide are used;
the preparation of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: mixing 0.5g of nano silicon dioxide and 90mL of toluene, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 20min at 50 ℃, adding 2g of isopropyl tri (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 30min, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 4h, centrifuging, adding 100mL of tertiary butanol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10min, centrifuging, standing overnight, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain modified silicon dioxide;
s3: coating the composite coating agent on the surface of a substrate, standing for 20min under sunlight, vertically laminating and combining according to textures between two adjacent layers, and hot-pressing to obtain the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood; the working conditions of hot pressing are as follows: the temperature is 200 ℃, the time is 6min, and the pressure is 1.2MPa.
Comparative example 1: with example 3 as a control group, the composite montmorillonite was replaced with montmorillonite, and the other procedures were normal.
Comparative example 2: with example 3 as a control, no modified silica was added and the other procedures were normal.
Comparative example 3: in the control group of example 3, no hydroxylated phytic acid was added and the other steps were normal.
Comparative example 4: using example 3 as a control, the substrate was replaced with poplar and the other procedures were normal.
The thickness of the substrate in the above examples and comparative examples was 1.9mm, the thickness of the composite coating agent formed on the surface of the substrate was 50 μm, the composite coating agent was coated on one side on the intermediate layer substrate, and the number of layers was 6 by double coating on the substrates as the upper and lower surfaces of the plywood.
The raw material sources are as follows:
the log is poplar veneer, the tree species is Daqingyang, the thickness is 1.8mm, the density is 0.39g/cm 3 The water content is 6-8%Commercially available; waxberry tannin powder (70%): the Guangxi Bai Lin chemical general works; isopropoxy tris (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate 65380-84-9: nanjing Neodd New Material technologies Co., ltd; polycaprolactone polyol 002: hubei Chengfengjilimited; calcium carbonate C111986, montmorillonite M109698, tris-HCl buffer T301499, dopamine hydrochloride D103111, dimethyl carbonate D433123, pentaerythritol P349787, phytic acid P350767, isophorone diisocyanate I109582, dibutyltin dilaurate D100274, N-methyldiethanolamine M105603, butanediol B110394, gelatin G108394, sugar alcohol X100092, maleic anhydride M116389, sodium tetraborate S112464, nanosilica S433693: ala Ding Shiji; tertiary butanol, butanone, toluene, analytically pure: national drug group reagent.
Performance test: flame retardancy: testing the burn rating with reference to UL-94; impact resistance: referring to astm d143-14, the sample was cut to length 30mm and width 20mm, pendulum energy 100J, span to thickness ratio 12:1, a step of; hydrophobicity: water contact angle characterization, test with 4 μl distilled water; formaldehyde release amount: specific data are as in Table 1, measured with reference to GB 18580-2017;
TABLE 1
| Flame retardant rating | Impact Strength (kJ/m) 2 ) | Water contact angle (°) | Formaldehyde emission limit (mg/m) 3 ) | |
| Example 1 | V-0 | 81.5 | 128 | 0.004 |
| Example 2 | V-0 | 82.1 | 129 | 0.003 |
| Example 3 | V-0 | 82.6 | 131 | 0.002 |
| Comparative example 1 | V-1 | 66.3 | / | / |
| Comparative example 2 | V-1 | 60.2 | / | / |
| Comparative example 3 | V-1 | 73.7 | / | / |
| Comparative example 4 | V-0 | 52.9 | / | / |
Examples 1-3 are plywood made according to the invention, the formaldehyde emission limit in examples 1-3 being 0.002-0.004mg/m 3 Below 0.009mg/m 3 Meets the health requirements; the flame retardant grades in examples 1-3 are all V-0, indicating better flame retardance; the impact strength in examples 1-3 was 81.5-82.6kJ/m 2 Indicating strong impact resistance; the water contact angle in examples 1-3 is 128-131 degrees, which shows that the cleaning agent has a hydrophobic surface and has better self-cleaning detergency; this was not tested in table 1/indicated.
Comparing example 3 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that, in order to make montmorillonite disperse uniformly in aqueous polyurethane, improve its reactivity, modify montmorillonite, coat montmorillonite with polydopamine first, then graft carbonating tannin, improve uniformity of montmorillonite dispersion, meanwhile, introduction of tannin can effectively improve crosslinking reaction degree in adhesive, strengthen cohesiveness of composite coating agent; the tannin is introduced after carbonating, so that the steric hindrance of the tannin can be reduced, the binding force of the tannin with other raw materials in the adhesive is improved, the complexity of a crosslinked network is enhanced, and the flame retardance and the mechanical strength of the plywood are improved.
Comparing example 3 with comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, it is known that in the preparation of modified waterborne polyurethane, polycaprolactone polyol and isophorone diisocyanate are selected to prepare a prepolymer, N-methyldiethanolamine is added to improve the heat resistance of polyurethane, modified silica prepared by modifying nano silica with isopropyl tri (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate and butanediol are selected as chain extenders, and hydroxylated phytic acid is selected as a cross-linking agent to greatly improve the heat stability, hydrophobicity and flame retardance of polyurethane, so that plywood is endowed with higher heat resistance and flame retardance.
Comparing example 3 with comparative example 4, it is known that the raw wood is impregnated with the gelatin-sugar alcohol impregnating solution, and the gelatin which is low in cost, harmless and environment-friendly is selected as the inducer, and the combination of gelatin, sugar alcohol, wood and modified silica is referred to the biomimetic mineralization, so that the ordered deposition of the modified silica and sugar alcohol on the wood is induced, and the mildew resistance, flame retardance and impact resistance of the substrate are greatly improved.
The foregoing description is only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the present invention or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: preparing a composite coating agent by using composite montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and modified waterborne polyurethane;
s2: soaking log in gelatin-sugar alcohol soaking solution, and gradient heating and drying to obtain substrate;
s3: and (3) smearing the composite coating agent on the surface of the substrate, standing and illuminating, laminating and combining according to the mutual perpendicularity of textures between two adjacent layers, and hot-pressing to obtain the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood.
2. The method for preparing the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood according to claim 1, wherein the working conditions of the dipping treatment are as follows: vacuumizing to-0.1 MPa for 20-30min, pressurizing to 0.8MPa, and maintaining for 2-3h.
3. The method for preparing the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood according to claim 1, wherein the working conditions of gradient heating and drying are as follows: heating to 45 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 65 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, heating to 103 ℃ and keeping for 24 hours.
4. The method for preparing the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood according to claim 1, wherein the working conditions of hot pressing are as follows: the temperature is 190-200deg.C, the time is 6-8min, and the pressure is 1.2MPa.
5. The preparation method of the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 2-5 parts of composite montmorillonite, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate and 30-35 parts of modified waterborne polyurethane.
6. The method for preparing the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the composite montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing montmorillonite and Tris-HCl buffer solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-20min, adding mixed solution of dopamine hydrochloride and Tris-HCl buffer solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, preserving heat at 25-30 ℃ for 10-12h, centrifuging, freeze-drying and grinding to obtain polydopamine coated montmorillonite;
2) Mixing deionized water, dimethyl carbonate and waxberry tannin powder, heating to 45-50deg.C, maintaining the temperature in water bath for 30-40min, adding mixed solution of polydopamine coated montmorillonite and deionized water, and maintaining the temperature for 20-30min to obtain the composite montmorillonite.
7. The method for preparing the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the gelatin-sugar alcohol impregnating solution is as follows: deionized water is used as a solvent, wherein 63g/L of gelatin, 204g/L of sugar alcohol, 13g/L of maleic anhydride, 8g/L of sodium tetraborate and 21g/L of modified silicon dioxide are used.
8. The method for preparing the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the modified waterborne polyurethane comprises the following steps:
mixing pentaerythritol and phytic acid, heating to 115-120 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, vacuum filtering, and freeze drying to obtain hydroxylated phytic acid; heating polycaprolactone polyol to 85-90 ℃ and preserving heat for 2h, cooling to 75-78 ℃, adding isophorone diisocyanate, dibutyl tin dilaurate and butanone under nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 78-82 ℃ and preserving heat for 2h, cooling to 30-35 ℃, adding N-methyldiethanolamine, modified silicon dioxide and butanone, continuously preserving heat for 50-70min, heating to 78-82 ℃, adding butanediol and butanone, continuously preserving heat for 2-3h, cooling to 30-35 ℃, adjusting pH to 6, preserving heat for 20-30min, adding mixed solution of hydroxylated phytic acid and deionized water, stirring for 2-3h, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain modified waterborne polyurethane.
9. The method for preparing the low-formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the preparation of the modified silica comprises the following steps: mixing nano silicon dioxide and toluene, ultrasonically oscillating for 20-30min at 40-50 ℃, adding isopropyl tri (ethylenediamine-N-ethoxy) titanate, ultrasonically oscillating for 20-30min, heating to 65-70 ℃, preserving heat for 4-5h, centrifuging, adding tertiary butanol, ultrasonically oscillating for 8-10min, centrifuging, standing overnight, and vacuum drying to obtain modified silicon dioxide.
10. A low formaldehyde environment-friendly plywood, characterized in that it is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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