CN117340201A - Mineral casting process method - Google Patents
Mineral casting process method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117340201A CN117340201A CN202310657062.9A CN202310657062A CN117340201A CN 117340201 A CN117340201 A CN 117340201A CN 202310657062 A CN202310657062 A CN 202310657062A CN 117340201 A CN117340201 A CN 117340201A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- mineral
- release agent
- namely
- die
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- Pending
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C23/00—Tools; Devices not mentioned before for moulding
- B22C23/02—Devices for coating moulds or cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
- B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a casting process method of a mineral casting, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a die, S2, coating a release agent, S3, treating raw materials, S4, pouring casting materials, S5, heat treating, S6, shaping, S7 and surface treating. According to the invention, the mineral raw materials are preprocessed and fully mixed, so that the quality of the casting material can be improved, vibration pouring is assisted, bubbles and impurities in the casting material are reduced, and a slow heating and heat-preserving type solidification method is assisted, so that the internal stress in the casting can be reduced, the overall quality of the casting is improved, and the risk of cracking is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a casting process method of mineral castings.
Background
The mineral cast product has the properties of high precision, high shaping capability, corrosion resistance and shock absorption, and the manufacturing process is relatively simple and safe, has low cost and is usually used as a structural member of a machine. However, the casting process of the traditional minerals is simpler, in the actual production process, the surface accuracy of the castings is often influenced, the subsequent installation and positioning are influenced, meanwhile, the anti-seismic capability of the castings is insufficient, and along with the increase of the service time, the castings are easy to crack in the use process, so that the production safety is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the mineral casting process method, the mineral raw materials are preprocessed and fully mixed, so that the quality of the casting material can be improved, vibration pouring is assisted, bubbles and impurities in the casting material are reduced, a slow heating and heat-preserving type solidification method is assisted, internal stress in the casting can be reduced, the overall quality of the casting is improved, and the risk of cracking is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a process for casting mineral castings, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a mold, namely cleaning and drying all coamings of the mold, assembling and combining after drying to ensure tightness, and fixedly mounting the combined mold on the surface of a vibrating table;
s2, coating a release agent, namely coating the release agent on the inner wall of the assembled die, ensuring that the release agent is uniformly covered on the inner wall of the die, and waiting for natural drying of the release agent;
s3, raw material treatment, namely screening the mineral raw materials, cleaning and drying the screened raw materials, weighing and proportioning the dried mineral raw materials, a curing agent and glue, and then putting the mixture into a mixing drum for mixing and stirring to obtain a casting material;
s4, casting materials, namely introducing the stirred casting materials into a mold, starting a vibrating table to vibrate at the same time, guiding out bubbles generated in the mixing stirring and casting processes, and eliminating internal defects of the casting materials, so as to tamp the casting materials;
s5, heat treatment, namely transferring the cast die into a heat drying furnace for heating and solidifying, wherein the furnace temperature is 45-70 ℃, the heating time is 12 hours, and natural cooling is performed for 4 hours after the casting is completed;
s6, shaping, namely taking out the cooled casting, polishing the bulges generated by pouring, and ensuring the smoothness of the surface of the casting;
s7, surface treatment, namely spraying anticorrosive paint on the surface of the polished casting, and performing secondary polishing after drying.
In a further technical scheme, in the die mounting process in the step S1, polishing treatment is required to be carried out on the surface of the coaming, so that the roughness of the surface of the coaming is ensured to be not more than Ra0.8.
In a further technical scheme, when the release agent is coated in the step S2, the release agent is dipped by clean dust-free cloth and uniformly coated on the inner wall of the die, the thickness of a single layer of release agent is not less than 0.5mm, and the coating is repeated for more than 3 times after waiting for 10-15 minutes until the release agent of the single layer is completely dried.
In a further embodiment, in step S3, a secondary screening is required to remove undersized or oversized mineral material, and a suitable portion is maintained to ensure that the size range of the mineral material is between 4-8 mm.
In a further technical scheme, when the mixing and stirring in the step S3 are carried out, a heat-insulating jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the mixing cylinder, and the temperature range inside the heat-insulating jacket is 170-180 ℃.
In a further technical scheme, the pouring time in the step S4 is not more than 10min, and the pouring pipeline moves together with the increase of the pouring liquid level in the pouring process, so that the height of the pouring pipeline is required to be kept to be 10cm from the liquid level of the casting material in the die.
In a further technical scheme, the vibration frequency range of the vibration table in the step S4 is 3500-5000/min, the single vibration time is not less than 10min, the vibration is required to be carried out 3 times, and the interval between each vibration is 5min.
In a further technical scheme, in the heating process in the step S5, slow heating is required, the temperature is raised from 45 ℃ to 70 ℃ in 3 hours at the beginning stage of curing, the temperature state is maintained until 6 hours, the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ in 6-7 hours, and the rest 6 hours are regulated until the curing is finished.
In a further technical scheme, the spraying thickness of the anticorrosive paint in the step S7 is not less than 0.5mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the mineral raw materials are preprocessed and fully mixed, so that the quality of the casting material can be improved, vibration pouring is assisted, bubbles and impurities in the casting material are reduced, and a slow heating and heat-preserving type solidification method is assisted, so that the internal stress in the casting can be reduced, the overall quality of the casting is improved, and the risk of cracking is reduced.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The traditional mineral casting process flow analyzed by the background technology of the application is simpler, so that the produced casting has the advantages of dimensional accuracy, incapability of meeting the requirement of subsequent positioning, insufficient anti-seismic capability of the produced casting, and easiness in cracking of the surface of the casting along with the increase of the service time. To solve this problem, the present application provides a mineral casting process.
S1, preparing a mould, namely cleaning and drying each coaming of the mould to ensure that the surface of the coaming is clean, avoiding dust from adhering to the surface of the coaming, and then adhering to the surface of a casting in the casting process to influence the casting precision of the casting;
s2, coating a release agent, namely coating the release agent on the inner wall of the assembled die to ensure that the release agent is uniformly covered on the inner wall of the die, waiting for natural drying of the release agent, and coating the release agent on the inner wall of the die to form an isolation layer between the casting material and the template through the release agent when casting material is poured subsequently, so that the difficulty in the follow-up demoulding process is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved;
s3, raw material treatment, namely screening mineral raw materials, cleaning and drying the screened raw materials, weighing and proportioning the dried mineral raw materials, a curing agent and glue, and then adding the mixture into a mixing drum for mixing and stirring to obtain a casting material, wherein the materials with proper size are selected to ensure that the overall density state of the casting material is kept uniform, the stress gradually applied to the inside of the casting material after solidification is reduced, dust attached to the surface of the mineral raw materials can be removed by cleaning and drying the mineral raw materials, the precision of the casting material during subsequent production is improved, and meanwhile, the curing agent is used for mixing with the glue, so that the connection strength between all components in the casting material can be increased, the overall strength of a casting after solidification is further improved, and the cracking risk is reduced;
s4, casting materials are poured, the casting materials after stirring are led into a die, a vibrating table is started to vibrate at the same time, air bubbles generated in the mixing stirring and pouring processes are led out, the internal defects of the casting materials are eliminated, the casting materials are tamped, the casting materials poured into the die are vibrated through the vibrating table, the gas mixed in the casting materials is led out, and further the hollow inside of the casting materials is avoided, and the physical properties of castings are influenced;
s5, heat treatment, namely transferring the cast die into a heat drying furnace for heating and solidifying, wherein the furnace temperature is 45-70 ℃ and the heating time is 12 hours, and naturally cooling for 4 hours after the casting is finished, wherein the interior of the drying furnace adopts an electric heating type heating mode, and avoids matching with wind power circulation, and the casting is slowly solidified from outside to inside through long-time low-temperature heat treatment, so that the performance of the casting is improved;
s6, shaping, namely taking out the cooled casting, polishing the bulge generated by pouring to ensure the smoothness of the surface of the casting, and coating a release agent on the inner wall of the die to form a thin protective layer in the pouring process of the casting, so that the surface of the casting is affected to a certain extent, polishing is required, and the precision of the casting in production is ensured;
and S7, carrying out surface treatment, namely spraying anticorrosive paint on the surface of the cast after polishing, carrying out secondary polishing after drying, and increasing the corrosion resistance state of the surface of the cast by spraying the anticorrosive paint so as to facilitate the cooperation with subsequent production and prolong the service life of the cast.
In a preferred embodiment, in the process of installing the mold in the step S1, polishing treatment is required to be performed on the surface of the coaming, so that the surface roughness of the coaming is ensured to be not more than ra0.8, the roughness requirement of the surface of the coaming is improved, the surface finish of the coaming can be ensured, the mold release agent can be conveniently coated, the thickness of the mold release agent is kept uniform as much as possible, and the dimensional accuracy of casting pouring can be ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, when the release agent is coated in the step S2, a clean dust-free cloth is used to dip the release agent to uniformly coat the release agent on the inner wall of the mold, the thickness of a single layer of release agent is not less than 0.5mm, the release agent is coated again after waiting for 10-15 minutes until the release agent of the single layer is completely dried, the coating is repeated for more than 3 times, dust can be prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the mold through the dust-free cloth coating, and meanwhile, the multi-layer release agent is brushed, so that the thickness of the isolation layer can be ensured to meet the requirement, the efficiency in the process of demolding is improved, and the processing time is shortened.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S3, a secondary screening is required, the undersize or oversized mineral raw material is removed, a proper portion is reserved, the size range of the mineral raw material is ensured to be between 4 mm and 8mm, through experimental tests, the granularity of the mineral raw material can have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the casting, when the size of the mineral raw material is smaller, the mutual connection force between the glue solution and the mineral raw material can be reduced, the bearing capacity of the casting is poor, when the size of the mineral raw material is larger, the internal stress of the mineral raw material is larger, the mineral raw material is easy to crack when being vibrated for a long time, and when the size range of the mineral raw material is about 5mm, the performances of all aspects of the casting are in an optimal state.
In a preferred embodiment, during the mixing and stirring in the step S3, the outer wall of the mixing cylinder is provided with a heat-insulating jacket, the temperature range inside the heat-insulating jacket is between 170 ℃ and 180 ℃, and through the structural design of heat exchange, the casting material can be ensured to be kept in a liquid state during the mixing and stirring process, and the problem that the fluidity is reduced due to the reduction of the temperature, so that the subsequent pouring efficiency is affected is avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, the casting time in the step S4 is not longer than 10min, the casting pipe moves together with the increase of the casting liquid level in the casting process, the height of the casting pipe needs to be kept 10cm from the liquid level of the casting material in the mold, and the casting time needs to be reduced as much as possible to ensure the casting quality due to the limitation of the casting material cooling time, and meanwhile, the height of the casting pipe from the liquid level is limited, so that the casting liquid level can be ensured to be kept stable during casting, the air bubbles generated due to the casting material impact are avoided, and the casting quality is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the vibration frequency range of the vibration table in the step S4 is 3500-5000/min, the single vibration time is not less than 10min, the vibration is required for 3 times, the interval between each vibration is 5min, and the efficiency of guiding out air bubbles in the casting material can be improved by adopting an interval vibration mode, so that the production quality of castings is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, in the heating process in the step S5, slow heating is required, the temperature is raised from 45 ℃ to 70 ℃ in the curing start stage within 3 hours, the temperature is kept for 6 hours, the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ in 6-7 hours, the temperature is regulated to be at the end of curing for the rest 6 hours, and the curing treatment is performed by adopting a mode of heating firstly, then cooling and finally preserving heat, so that the positioning precision can be improved, and the casting quality is ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the anticorrosive paint sprayed in the step S7 is not less than 0.5mm, and by ensuring the thickness of the anticorrosive paint, the corrosion resistance of the casting can be improved, and the service life of the casting can be prolonged.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A casting process method of mineral castings is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a mold, namely cleaning and drying all coamings of the mold, assembling and combining after drying to ensure tightness, and fixedly mounting the combined mold on the surface of a vibrating table;
s2, coating a release agent, namely coating the release agent on the inner wall of the assembled die, ensuring that the release agent is uniformly covered on the inner wall of the die, and waiting for natural drying of the release agent;
s3, raw material treatment, namely screening the mineral raw materials, cleaning and drying the screened raw materials, weighing and proportioning the dried mineral raw materials, a curing agent and glue, and then putting the mixture into a mixing drum for mixing and stirring to obtain a casting material;
s4, casting materials, namely introducing the stirred casting materials into a mold, starting a vibrating table to vibrate at the same time, guiding out bubbles generated in the mixing stirring and casting processes, and eliminating internal defects of the casting materials, so as to tamp the casting materials;
s5, heat treatment, namely transferring the cast die into a heat drying furnace for heating and solidifying, wherein the furnace temperature is 45-70 ℃, the heating time is 12 hours, and natural cooling is performed for 4 hours after the casting is completed;
s6, shaping, namely taking out the cooled casting, polishing the bulges generated by pouring, and ensuring the smoothness of the surface of the casting;
s7, surface treatment, namely spraying anticorrosive paint on the surface of the polished casting, and performing secondary polishing after drying.
2. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: in the die mounting process in the step S1, polishing treatment is required to be carried out on the surface of the coaming, so that the roughness of the surface of the coaming is ensured to be not more than Ra0.8.
3. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: when the release agent is coated in the step S2, the release agent is dipped by clean dust-free cloth and uniformly coated on the inner wall of the die, the thickness of the single-layer release agent is not less than 0.5mm, the coating is repeated for more than 3 times after waiting for 10-15 minutes until the release agent of the single-layer release agent is completely dried.
4. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, a secondary screening is required to remove undersized or oversized mineral material, leaving a suitable portion to ensure that the mineral material has a size range between 4-8 mm.
5. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: and during mixing and stirring in the step S3, a heat-insulating jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the mixing cylinder, and the temperature range inside the heat-insulating jacket is 170-180 ℃.
6. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: and the casting time in the step S4 is not longer than 10min, and the casting pipeline moves together with the increase of the casting liquid level in the casting process, so that the height of the casting pipeline is required to be kept to be 10cm from the liquid level of the casting material in the die.
7. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration frequency range of the vibration table in the step S4 is 3500-5000/min, the single vibration time is not less than 10min, the vibration is required to be carried out 3 times, and the interval between each vibration is 5min.
8. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: in the heating process in the step S5, the temperature needs to be slowly raised, the temperature is raised from 45 ℃ to 70 ℃ in 3h at the beginning stage of curing, the temperature is kept for 6h, the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ in 6-7h, and the rest 6h is regulated until the curing is finished.
9. The mineral casting process of claim 1, characterized in that: the spraying thickness of the anticorrosive paint in the step S7 is not less than 0.5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310657062.9A CN117340201A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | Mineral casting process method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310657062.9A CN117340201A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | Mineral casting process method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117340201A true CN117340201A (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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ID=89356313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310657062.9A Pending CN117340201A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | Mineral casting process method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117340201A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-05 CN CN202310657062.9A patent/CN117340201A/en active Pending
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