CN117335405A - Photovoltaic module output quantification calculation method and system suitable for various weather - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module output quantification calculation method and system suitable for various weather Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/004—Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quantitatively calculating the output of a photovoltaic module in various weather, which comprises the following steps: step S1, inputting parameters of a photovoltaic module, and geographic parameters and meteorological parameters of a photovoltaic module installation place; s2, estimating the surface radiance according to meteorological data of a photovoltaic module installation place; step S3, judging the weather type at the moment according to the weather parameters, and calculating the power generation loss rate caused by accumulated ash of the current weather type; the weather types include: clear, rainy and rainstorm; and S4, calculating the output condition of the photovoltaic module according to the surface radiance and the power generation loss rate of the current weather type. The invention also discloses a corresponding system. By implementing the invention, the photovoltaic output condition under various scenes can be simulated, and an accurate output fluctuation curve can be obtained. The safety, stability and power supply reliability of the power supply system can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power grid photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a method and a system for quantitatively calculating the output of a photovoltaic module suitable for various weather conditions.
Background
The renewable energy source output is greatly influenced by factors such as weather, the output has strong randomness and uncertainty, grid-connected operation can bring impact to a power grid, such as power quality reduction, power grid peak regulation capacity influence, unstable voltage influence, relay protection and reclosing action influence when a photovoltaic system breaks down, and the like. Therefore, the performance of the power system in large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources is improved, and especially in extreme weather conditions that the output of the power system shows larger fluctuation, the planning and arrangement of a power grid dispatching department are not easy to make a decision, and the establishment of the photovoltaic output model plays an important role in improving the power supply reliability of the system.
The factors such as solar irradiance, sunshine hours, ambient temperature, air humidity, precipitation and the like have great influence on photovoltaic power generation capacity and output fluctuation thereof, and when extreme weather occurs, the factors are severely changed, so that an output calculation model under the general condition is not applicable.
Under the rainfall condition, the photovoltaic module is mainly influenced by sunlight irradiance, ambient temperature, humidity and precipitation scouring dust accumulation, and the humidity can be ignored when the influence of meteorological factors on photovoltaic output is considered due to the fact that the ambient humidity has high correlation with temperature. Under any weather condition, the output power of the photovoltaic module is positively related to the irradiance of sunlight and the ambient temperature, the irradiation received by the photovoltaic module is reduced during rainfall, the influence on the photovoltaic output is maximum, and the reduction of the ambient temperature can influence the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. Rainfall is different from other extreme weather, like calamity such as hail, typhoon, thunderbolt extremely easily causes direct physical damage to photovoltaic module, and the destructive influence of heavy rain to photovoltaic power plant mainly is that a large amount of rainwater soaks to photovoltaic module and leads to its insulating properties to descend, but photovoltaic module when the installation of choosing the site, the accessible is selected suitable orientation, slope, geographical position drainage condition and is done and prevent heavy rain.
The parameter characteristics of rainfall are mainly: precipitation, precipitation intensity, duration, precipitation range and precipitation area, the influence of rainfall on the photovoltaic module is mainly different because of the size of precipitation, and researches show that under the condition of continuous sunny days, the deposition on the photovoltaic module is gradually increased, and solar radiation received by the photovoltaic module is less than natural radiation, so that the power generation efficiency is reduced. The rainfall can wash out the deposition, and when rainfall is less, the deposition state on the surface of the photovoltaic module becomes spot-shaped, and the deposition forming spot-shaped at the moment has less effect on improving the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module, and the uneven deposition can cause the thermal spot effect which possibly causes the module damage. When the rainfall exceeds a certain value, the dust deposition amount of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the energy conversion efficiency is increased, and when the heavy rain occurs, the photovoltaic module is sufficiently cleaned, the dust deposition residue is very low, and the module can be approximately considered to be completely flushed.
However, a photovoltaic output quantification calculation model suitable for various weather conditions is not found in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and a system for quantitatively calculating the output of a photovoltaic module in various weather, which can simulate the photovoltaic output conditions in various scenes and obtain an accurate output fluctuation curve. The safety, stability and power supply reliability of the power supply system can be improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the invention provides a photovoltaic module output quantification calculation method suitable for various weather, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, inputting parameters of a photovoltaic module, and geographic parameters and meteorological parameters of a photovoltaic module installation place;
s2, estimating the surface radiance according to meteorological data of a photovoltaic module installation place;
step S3, judging the weather type at the moment according to the weather parameters, and calculating the power generation loss rate caused by accumulated ash of the current weather type; the weather types include: clear, rainy and rainstorm;
and S4, calculating the output condition of the photovoltaic module according to the surface radiance and the power generation loss rate of the current weather type.
Preferably, the parameters of the photovoltaic module include at least: photovoltaic power conversion efficiency, photovoltaic panel area, photovoltaic panel inclination angle; the meteorological parameters of the installation place at least comprise: ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar duration, rainfall and rainfall duration; the geographical parameters of the installation place at least comprise: geographical latitude, declination, solar angle, and solar time angle.
Preferably, the step S2 further includes:
the surface radiation is calculated by the following formula, namely, the solar radiation Gs received by the photovoltaic panel is:
in the formula g 1 ～g 8 Is the model experience coefficient; t (T) max 、T min The highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the day; m=2pi (d-1)/365, representing the angle of day, d being julian day; h R Is the ambient relative humidity; p is the precipitation amount of China t sun Is the sunshine duration; g 0 For external radiation, G 0 Obtained by the following calculation formula:
in the formula, theta is the solar time angle,geographic latitude, delta is declination, D ave For daily average distance D ave Obtained by the following calculation formula:
preferably, the step S3 further includes:
step S30, determining weather type according to rainfall or not and intensity:
when the rainfall is 4-8 mm/min, determining the weather type as rainfall;
when the rainfall is greater than 8mm/min, determining the weather type as heavy rain;
in other cases, the weather type is determined to be clear;
step S31, when the weather type is clear, obtaining the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module;
when the weather type is rainfall, the corresponding cleaning efficiency is calculated through a cleaning efficiency model of a Box Lucas exponential function, and the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module is obtained according to the cleaning efficiency;
the cleaning efficiency formula is:
η d-clean ＝A-Ae -bt (4)
wherein A is cleanable proportion, b is attenuation coefficient, and t is rainfall time;
when the weather type is heavy rain, determining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module as zero;
step S32, calculating the ash accumulation loss rate eta according to the ash accumulation amount corresponding to each weather type by the following formula d-loss ：
η d-loss ＝34.37erf(0.17α 0.8473 )×100％ (5)
Wherein alpha represents the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module, and the unit is g/m 2 Erf () is a gaussian error function.
Preferably, the step S4 further includes:
the output power P of the photovoltaic module is calculated by adopting the following formula:
P＝(1-η d-loss )η t SG s (1-0.005(t 0 +25)) (6)
wherein eta is t The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power supply is that S is the area of the photovoltaic panel, t 0 Is ambient temperature.
As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a photovoltaic module output modeling system suitable for various weather, including:
the parameter input unit is used for inputting parameters of the photovoltaic module and geographic parameters and meteorological parameters of the installation place of the photovoltaic module;
the surface radiance obtaining unit is used for estimating the surface radiance according to meteorological data of the photovoltaic module installation place;
the power generation loss rate obtaining unit is used for judging the weather type at the moment according to the meteorological parameters and calculating the power generation loss rate caused by the accumulated ash of the current weather type; the weather types include: clear, rainy and rainstorm;
and the output condition calculating unit is used for calculating the output condition of the photovoltaic module according to the surface radiance and the power generation loss rate of the current weather type.
Preferably, the parameters of the photovoltaic module include at least: photovoltaic power conversion efficiency, photovoltaic panel area, photovoltaic panel inclination angle; the meteorological parameters of the installation place at least comprise: ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar duration, rainfall and rainfall duration; the geographical parameters of the installation place at least comprise: geographical latitude, declination, solar angle, and solar time angle.
Preferably, the surface radiance obtaining unit performs surface radiance calculation in the following manner:
the surface radiation is calculated by the following formula, namely, the solar radiation Gs received by the photovoltaic panel is:
in the formula g 1 ～g 8 Is the model experience coefficient; t (T) max 、T min The highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the day; m=2pi (d-1)/365, representing the angle of day, d being julian day; h R Is the ambient relative humidity; p is the precipitation amount of China t sun Is the sunshine duration; g 0 For external radiation, G 0 Obtained by the following calculation formula:
in the formula, theta is the solar time angle,geographic latitude, delta is declination, D ave For daily average distance D ave Obtained by the following calculation formula:
preferably, the power generation loss rate obtaining unit further includes:
a weather type determining unit for determining a weather type according to whether or not rainfall is or not and intensity: when the rainfall is 4-8 mm/min, determining the weather type as rainfall; when the rainfall is greater than 8mm/min, determining the weather type as heavy rain; in other cases, the weather type is determined to be clear;
the first dust deposit amount determining unit is used for obtaining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module when the weather type is clear;
the second accumulated ash amount determining unit is used for calculating corresponding cleaning efficiency through a cleaning efficiency model of the Box Lucas exponential function when the weather type is rainfall, and obtaining the accumulated ash amount on the photovoltaic module according to the cleaning efficiency;
the cleaning efficiency formula is:
η d-clean ＝A-Ae -bt (4)
wherein A is cleanable proportion, b is attenuation coefficient, and t is rainfall time;
the third dust deposit amount determining unit is used for determining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module to be zero when the weather type is heavy rain;
an ash deposition loss rate calculation unit for calculating ash deposition loss rate eta according to the ash deposition amount corresponding to each weather type by the following formula d-loss ：
η d-loss ＝34.37erf(0.17α 0.8473 )×100％ (5)
Wherein alpha represents the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module, and the unit is g/m 2 Erf () is Gaussian error functionA number.
Preferably, the output condition calculating unit further calculates the output power P of the photovoltaic module by adopting the following formula:
P＝(1-η d-loss )η t SG s (1-0.005(t 0 +25)) (6)
wherein eta is t The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power supply is that S is the area of the photovoltaic panel, t 0 Is ambient temperature.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method and a system for quantitatively calculating the output of a photovoltaic module suitable for various weather conditions. The method is particularly suitable for photovoltaic output quantification models and calculation in heavy rain weather. Through better simulation of the external environment and the surface area ash condition of the photovoltaic module in the stormwater weather, the photovoltaic output result which is more in line with the actual condition is obtained, the reference can be provided for the power system to cope with the large fluctuation of the renewable energy source output in the extreme weather, more accurate information is provided for making a reasonable and safe scheduling plan, and the safety, the stability and the power supply reliability of the power supply system are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that it is within the scope of the invention to one skilled in the art to obtain other drawings from these drawings without inventive faculty.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main flow of an embodiment of a method for calculating the output of a photovoltaic module according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a more detailed flow chart of the present invention for calculating the output of a photovoltaic module over a period of time;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a photovoltaic module output modeling system for multiple weathers according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power generation loss obtaining unit in fig. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of simulation of photovoltaic output in sunny weather and stormy weather without regard to soot cleaning in one example of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a simulated comparative schematic of photovoltaic output taking into account the effects of storm wash soot deposition in one example of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic main flow chart of an embodiment of a method for calculating the output of a photovoltaic module suitable for various weather conditions is shown. As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
step S1, inputting parameters of a photovoltaic module, and geographic parameters and meteorological parameters of a photovoltaic module installation place;
in a specific example, the parameters of the photovoltaic module include at least: photovoltaic power conversion efficiency, photovoltaic panel area, photovoltaic panel inclination angle, and the like; the meteorological parameters of the installation place at least comprise: ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar duration, rainfall duration, etc.; the geographical parameters of the installation place at least comprise: geographical latitude, declination, solar angle, solar time angle, etc.
S2, estimating the surface radiance according to meteorological data of a photovoltaic module installation place;
in a specific example, the step S2 further includes:
the surface radiation is calculated by the following formula, namely, the solar radiation Gs received by the photovoltaic panel is:
in the formula g 1 ～g 8 Is the model experience coefficient; t (T) max 、T min Is the highest temperature of the dayA minimum temperature; m=2pi (d-1)/365, representing the angle of day, d being julian day; h R Is the ambient relative humidity; p is the precipitation amount of China t sun Is the sunshine duration; g 0 For external radiation, G 0 Obtained by the following calculation formula:
in the formula, theta is the solar time angle,geographic latitude, delta is declination, D ave For daily average distance D ave Obtained by the following calculation formula:
step S3, judging the weather type at the moment according to the weather parameters, and calculating the power generation loss rate caused by accumulated ash of the current weather type; the weather types include: clear, rainy and rainstorm;
in a specific example, the step S3 further includes:
step S30, determining weather type according to rainfall or not and intensity:
when the rainfall is 4-8 mm/min, determining the weather type as rainfall; the rainfall with the intensity has the dust accumulation cleaning effect on the photovoltaic module;
when the rainfall is greater than 8mm/min, determining the weather type as heavy rain; rainfall of such intensity can sufficiently flush the surface area ash of the assembly;
in other cases, the weather type is determined to be clear;
step S31, when the weather type is clear, obtaining the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module; it will be appreciated that in practical applications, some empirical formulas may be used to estimate the ash accumulation, and factors that are generally considered include: weather conditions, geographical location, inclination angle, etc. These formulas are typically based on measured data and statistical information.
When the weather type is rainfall, the corresponding cleaning efficiency is calculated through a cleaning efficiency model of a Box Lucas exponential function, and the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module is obtained according to the cleaning efficiency;
the cleaning efficiency formula is:
η d-clean ＝A-Ae -bt (4)
wherein A is cleanable proportion, b is attenuation coefficient, and t is rainfall time; it can be appreciated that the current deposition amount can be obtained by combining the deposition amount obtained when the weather type is clear with the cleaning efficiency.
When the weather type is heavy rain, determining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module as zero;
step S32, calculating the ash accumulation loss rate eta according to the ash accumulation amount corresponding to each weather type by the following formula d-loss ：
η d-loss ＝34.37erf(0.17α 0.8473 )×100％ (5)
Wherein alpha represents the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module, and the unit is g/m 2 Erf () is a gaussian error function. The formula is a general formula researched by Hegazy et al;
and S4, calculating the output condition of the photovoltaic module according to the surface radiance and the power generation loss rate of the current weather type.
In a specific example, the step S4 further includes:
the output power P of the photovoltaic module is calculated by adopting the following formula:
P＝(1-η d-loss )η t SG s (1-0.005(t 0 +25)) (6)
wherein eta is t The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power supply is that S is the area of the photovoltaic panel, t 0 Is ambient temperature.
It can be understood that the invention provides a photovoltaic output fluctuation modeling method suitable for various weathers (especially in extreme stormwater), and the output fluctuation curve is obtained by calculating solar irradiation, ambient temperature and rainwater cleaning ash accumulation degree received by a photovoltaic module in stormwater and simulating the photovoltaic output condition in the scene; the accuracy of the photovoltaic output can be improved.
The invention can be used for coping with the situation that the power fluctuation at the moment cannot be reflected by a general photovoltaic output model when the global climate changes drastically, extreme weather frequently occurs and heavy rain weather occurs in local areas. According to the invention, three weather factors with larger influence on the photovoltaic output, namely the ambient temperature, the solar irradiance and the rainfall intensity, are considered in extreme stormwater weather, and indexes with smaller influence or larger relativity with the three weather factors are ignored, so that the accuracy of the photovoltaic output prediction in the stormwater weather can be improved, a reasonable and safe scheduling plan is formulated by a power supply network scheduling department when larger fluctuation occurs in new energy, and the stability and the power supply reliability of a power system under large-scale new energy access are improved.
Referring now to FIG. 3, a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a photovoltaic module output modeling system 1 for use in a variety of weather conditions is shown. As also shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the system includes:
a parameter input unit 10 for inputting parameters of the photovoltaic module, and inputting geographic parameters and meteorological parameters of the place where the photovoltaic module is installed; specifically, the parameters of the photovoltaic module include at least: photovoltaic power conversion efficiency, photovoltaic panel area, photovoltaic panel inclination angle; the meteorological parameters of the installation place at least comprise: ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar duration, rainfall and rainfall duration; the geographical parameters of the installation place at least comprise: geographical latitude, declination, solar angle, and solar time angle.
A surface radiance obtaining unit 11 for estimating surface radiance from meteorological data of the photovoltaic module installation place;
wherein, the surface radiance obtaining unit 11 performs surface radiance calculation in the following manner:
the surface radiation is calculated by the following formula, namely, the solar radiation Gs received by the photovoltaic panel is:
in the formula g 1 ～g 8 Is the model experience coefficient; t (T) max 、T min The highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the day; m=2pi (d-1)/365, representing the angle of day, d being julian day; h R Is the ambient relative humidity; p is the precipitation amount of China t sun Is the sunshine duration; g 0 For external radiation, G 0 Obtained by the following calculation formula:
in the formula, theta is the solar time angle,geographic latitude, delta is declination, D ave For daily average distance D ave Obtained by the following calculation formula:
a power generation loss rate obtaining unit 12, configured to determine a weather type at the time according to the weather parameter, and calculate a power generation loss rate caused by dust accumulation of the current weather type; the weather types include: clear, rainy and rainstorm;
and the output condition calculating unit 13 is used for calculating the output condition of the photovoltaic module according to the surface radiance and the power generation loss rate of the current weather type.
As shown in fig. 4, in a specific example, the power generation loss rate obtaining unit 12 further includes:
a weather type determining unit 120 for determining a weather type according to whether or not rainfall is or is not and intensity: when the rainfall is 4-8 mm/min, determining the weather type as rainfall; when the rainfall is greater than 8mm/min, determining the weather type as heavy rain; in other cases, the weather type is determined to be clear;
a first dust deposit amount determining unit 121 for obtaining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module when the weather type is clear;
the second soot deposition amount determining unit 122 is configured to calculate, when the weather type is rainfall, a corresponding cleaning efficiency through a cleaning efficiency model of a box lucas exponential function, and obtain a soot deposition amount on the photovoltaic module according to the cleaning efficiency;
the cleaning efficiency formula is:
η d-clean ＝A-Ae -bt (4)
wherein A is cleanable proportion, b is attenuation coefficient, and t is rainfall time;
a third dust deposit amount determining unit 123 for determining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module to be zero when the weather type is heavy rain;
an ash deposition loss rate calculation unit 124 for calculating an ash deposition loss rate η according to the following formula based on the ash deposition amount corresponding to each weather type d-loss ：
η d-loss ＝34.37erf(0.17α 0.8473 )×100％ (5)
Wherein alpha represents the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module, and the unit is g/m 2 Erf () is a gaussian error function.
More specifically, the output condition calculating unit 13 further calculates the photovoltaic module output power P using the following formula:
P＝(1-η d-loss )η t SG s (1-0.005(t 0 +25)) (6)
wherein eta is t The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power supply is that S is the area of the photovoltaic panel, t 0 Is ambient temperature.
For more details, reference is made to the foregoing descriptions of fig. 1 to 2, and no further description is given here.
The following will be a specific example to verify the effect of the present invention. In this example, taking a photovoltaic module composed of 60 6-inch polysilicon battery pieces as an example, the total area of the photovoltaic module is 1.428 m2, the power conversion efficiency is 16.5%, and the installation geographical position of the photovoltaic module is as follows: 28.10 ° north latitude, 112.56 ° east longitude, for a day in summer, wherein stormwater weather occurs from time t=14, sunset at time t=19. When storm occurs, the ambient temperature is reduced, the solar irradiance received by the photovoltaic panel is reduced, but the deposited ash is cleaned.
The photovoltaic module output modeling method suitable for various weathers is adopted for simulation calculation processing. Fig. 5 shows simulation results of the photovoltaic module dust accumulation without being cleaned in sunny weather and without considering rain washing dust accumulation in stormwater weather. And when the storm is indicated, the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the received photovoltaic illumination is reduced, and the output is reduced.
Fig. 6 shows simulation results of photovoltaic output considering the effect of rain wash ash deposition in stormwater, because the photovoltaic panel can be sufficiently cleaned by strong rainfall, the ash deposition amount on the surface and the opportunity loss rate are reduced, the simulation results are larger than those of the photovoltaic panel without considering the ash deposition cleaning, the simulation results are closer to the actual situation and result errors are reduced, but the photovoltaic output is still slightly lower than that in sunny weather due to the weakening of temperature and illumination intensity. In practice, the influence of the accumulated ash of the photovoltaic module on the output of the photovoltaic module is large, the effect of precipitation scouring cannot be relied on, the photovoltaic module is cleaned regularly in the engineering for improving the power conversion efficiency, and the output condition of the photovoltaic module is calculated by combining a regular cleaning scheme and the accumulated ash cleaned by the stormwater.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method and a system for quantitatively calculating the output of a photovoltaic module suitable for various weather conditions. The method is particularly suitable for photovoltaic output quantification models and calculation in heavy rain weather. Through better simulation of the external environment and the surface area ash condition of the photovoltaic module in the stormwater weather, the photovoltaic output result which is more in line with the actual condition is obtained, the reference can be provided for the power system to cope with the large fluctuation of the renewable energy source output in the extreme weather, more accurate information is provided for making a reasonable and safe scheduling plan, and the safety, the stability and the power supply reliability of the power supply system are improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is needless to say that the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and therefore, the equivalent changes according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for quantitatively calculating the output of the photovoltaic module suitable for various weathers is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, inputting parameters of a photovoltaic module, and geographic parameters and meteorological parameters of a photovoltaic module installation place;
s2, estimating the surface radiance according to meteorological data of a photovoltaic module installation place;
step S3, judging the weather type at the moment according to the weather parameters, and calculating the power generation loss rate caused by accumulated ash of the current weather type; the weather types include: clear, rainy and rainstorm;
and S4, calculating the output condition of the photovoltaic module according to the surface radiance and the power generation loss rate of the current weather type.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameters of the photovoltaic module include at least: photovoltaic power conversion efficiency, photovoltaic panel area, photovoltaic panel inclination angle; the meteorological parameters of the installation place at least comprise: ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar duration, rainfall and rainfall duration; the geographical parameters of the installation place at least comprise: geographical latitude, declination, solar angle, and solar time angle.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step S2 further comprises:
the surface radiation is calculated by the following formula, namely, the solar radiation Gs received by the photovoltaic panel is:
in the formula g 1 ～g 8 Is the model experience coefficient; t (T) max 、T min The highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the day; m=2pi (d-1)/365, representing the angle of day, d being julian day; h R Is the ambient relative humidity; p is the precipitation amount of China t sun Is the sunshine duration; g 0 For external radiation, G 0 Obtained by the following calculation formula:
in the formula, theta is the solar time angle,geographic latitude, delta is declination, D ave For daily average distance D ave Obtained by the following calculation formula:
4. the method of claim 2, wherein the step S3 further comprises:
step S30, determining weather type according to rainfall or not and intensity:
when the rainfall is 4-8 mm/min, determining the weather type as rainfall;
when the rainfall is greater than 8mm/min, determining the weather type as heavy rain;
in other cases, the weather type is determined to be clear;
step S31, when the weather type is clear, obtaining the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module;
when the weather type is rainfall, the corresponding cleaning efficiency is calculated through a cleaning efficiency model of a Box Lucas exponential function, and the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module is obtained according to the cleaning efficiency;
the cleaning efficiency formula is:
η d-clean ＝A-Ae -bt (4)
wherein A is cleanable proportion, b is attenuation coefficient, and t is rainfall time;
when the weather type is heavy rain, determining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module as zero;
step S32, calculating the ash accumulation loss rate eta according to the ash accumulation amount corresponding to each weather type by the following formula d-loss ：
η d-loss ＝34.37erf(0.17α 0.8473 )×100％ (5)
Wherein alpha represents the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module, and the unit is g/m 2 Erf () is a gaussian error function.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said step S4 further comprises:
the output power P of the photovoltaic module is calculated by adopting the following formula:
P＝(1-η d-loss )η t SG s (1-0.005(t 0 +25)) (6)
wherein eta is t The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power supply is that S is the area of the photovoltaic panel, t 0 Is ambient temperature.
6. Photovoltaic module output modeling system suitable for multiple weather, characterized in that includes:
the parameter input unit is used for inputting parameters of the photovoltaic module and geographic parameters and meteorological parameters of the installation place of the photovoltaic module;
the surface radiance obtaining unit is used for estimating the surface radiance according to meteorological data of the photovoltaic module installation place;
the power generation loss rate obtaining unit is used for judging the weather type at the moment according to the meteorological parameters and calculating the power generation loss rate caused by the accumulated ash of the current weather type; the weather types include: clear, rainy and rainstorm;
and the output condition calculating unit is used for calculating the output condition of the photovoltaic module according to the surface radiance and the power generation loss rate of the current weather type.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the parameters of the photovoltaic module include at least: photovoltaic power conversion efficiency, photovoltaic panel area, photovoltaic panel inclination angle; the meteorological parameters of the installation place at least comprise: ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar duration, rainfall and rainfall duration; the geographical parameters of the installation place at least comprise: geographical latitude, declination, solar angle, and solar time angle.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the surface irradiance obtaining unit performs the surface irradiance calculation by:
the surface radiation is calculated by the following formula, namely, the solar radiation Gs received by the photovoltaic panel is:
in the formula g 1 ～g 8 Is the model experience coefficient; t (T) max 、T min The highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the day; m=2pi (d-1)/365, representing the angle of day, d being julian day; h R Is the ambient relative humidity; p is the precipitation amount of China t sun Is the sunshine duration; g 0 For external radiation, G 0 Obtained by the following calculation formula:
in the formula, theta is the solar time angle,geographic latitude, delta is declination, D ave For daily average distance D ave Obtained by the following calculation formula:
9. the system of claim 8, wherein the power generation loss rate obtaining unit further comprises:
a weather type determining unit for determining a weather type according to whether or not rainfall is or not and intensity: when the rainfall is 4-8 mm/min, determining the weather type as rainfall; when the rainfall is greater than 8mm/min, determining the weather type as heavy rain; in other cases, the weather type is determined to be clear;
the first dust deposit amount determining unit is used for obtaining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module when the weather type is clear;
the second accumulated ash amount determining unit is used for calculating corresponding cleaning efficiency through a cleaning efficiency model of the Box Lucas exponential function when the weather type is rainfall, and obtaining the accumulated ash amount on the photovoltaic module according to the cleaning efficiency;
the cleaning efficiency formula is:
η d-clean ＝A-Ae -bt (4)
wherein A is cleanable proportion, b is attenuation coefficient, and t is rainfall time;
the third dust deposit amount determining unit is used for determining the dust deposit amount on the photovoltaic module to be zero when the weather type is heavy rain;
an ash deposition loss rate calculation unit for calculating ash deposition loss rate eta according to the ash deposition amount corresponding to each weather type by the following formula d-loss ：
η d-loss ＝34.37erf(0.17α 0.8473 )×100％ (5)
Wherein alpha represents the ash deposition amount on the photovoltaic module, and the unit is g/m 2 Erf () is a gaussian error function.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the output condition calculation unit further calculates the photovoltaic module output power P using the formula:
P＝(1-η d-loss )η t SG s (1-0.005(t 0 +25)) (6)
wherein eta is t The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power supply is that S is the area of the photovoltaic panel, t 0 Is ambient temperature.
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