CN117333575B - Shaft distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data imaging method and processing terminal - Google Patents
Shaft distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data imaging method and processing terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN117333575B CN117333575B CN202310742868.8A CN202310742868A CN117333575B CN 117333575 B CN117333575 B CN 117333575B CN 202310742868 A CN202310742868 A CN 202310742868A CN 117333575 B CN117333575 B CN 117333575B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/16—File or folder operations, e.g. details of user interfaces specifically adapted to file systems
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/17—Details of further file system functions
- G06F16/1727—Details of free space management performed by the file system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/17—Details of further file system functions
- G06F16/174—Redundancy elimination performed by the file system
- G06F16/1744—Redundancy elimination performed by the file system using compression, e.g. sparse files
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
- G06T11/20—Drawing from basic elements, e.g. lines or circles
- G06T11/203—Drawing of straight lines or curves
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for imaging wellbore distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data and a processing terminal, which comprise the following steps: step one, preprocessing k segy file data monitored by a DAS (data acquisition system) to obtain a data matrix of each segy file, wherein the size of the data matrix is N multiplied by M; step two, the data matrix of each segy file obtained in the step one is obtained, N sample point data in t seconds in each track of matrix sample data are taken, the amplitude of the sample point data is subjected to root mean square calculation, amplitude values are recorded, and M amplitude values in each segy file are collected to form each amplitude energy change curve; and thirdly, superposing and arranging each amplitude energy change curve obtained in the second step according to the time sequence formed by k segy files to form a section view of acoustic vibration energy change in the shaft under a long time scale. The invention realizes imaging of long-period acoustic vibration data of the well bore, and makes more efficient use of data monitored by DAS of the well bore.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development shaft monitoring, in particular to a shaft distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data imaging method and a processing terminal.
Background
The distributed optical fiber sound vibration monitoring system (DAS) is widely applied to illegal excavation monitoring of oil and gas pipelines, petroleum and petrochemical security, border line security, optical fiber outage monitoring and the like, and has the advantages of long transmission distance, accurate positioning, continuous distributed measurement and the like. DAS is also applied to monitoring of the production state of a shaft in the oil and gas production process, a sensing optical cable is sent into the shaft through an oil pipe according to the structure of the shaft and is completely coupled with the fluid of the shaft, and monitoring of whether sand is produced in the shaft, how the fluid is transported and the activity state of a shaft production tool can be achieved.
The DAS is sensitive to special phenomena such as fracturing activities in a monitoring well, and because the acoustic vibration energy generated by fracturing is strong and has obvious difference with the surrounding background acoustic vibration response, the DAS monitoring result can be intuitively reflected. However, the acoustic vibration response rule of wellbore multiphase fluid migration is not clear, the acoustic vibration energy caused by the acoustic vibration response rule is much lower than those of such activities as underground fracturing, and the like, and the original data monitored on site by the DAS cannot intuitively judge the underground fluid migration state. The migration state of the multi-phase flow of the shaft is one of important indexes for guiding on-site production, the distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring system has an irreplaceable position in the aspect of shaft multi-phase flow monitoring at the present stage, but the DAS which is mature in the market is produced by related foreign manufacturers, the processing and the application of monitoring data are often limited by foreign service providers, and the monitoring data are processed after the production result is needed, so that the timeliness is low.
In the development process of marine conventional oil gas and unconventional oil gas, DAS is generally distributed in a shaft to realize the change of acoustic vibration energy in the shaft and further indicate production activities in the pit, and conventional DAS monitoring can be used for evaluating the change of working conditions in the shaft in an instantaneous or short period, such as shaft fracturing and the like, but for monitoring the phenomenon of unsteady state of long-time scale such as fluid migration in the shaft, due to large data volume and serious interference of shaft industrial noise in data signals, the application of real-time display is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to establish a method for imaging distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data of a shaft and a processing terminal, wherein the monitoring data is data which are passively monitored in the shaft by utilizing the distributed optical fiber, and aims to serve the description of long-time scale production activities such as shaft fluid migration, and the method can be used for carrying out targeted processing on massive DAS data, and the processed DAS data can realize continuous display of the micro-vibration phenomenon of the shaft, and meanwhile, suppress background noise, so that high signal-to-noise ratio rapid imaging of the massive monitoring data can be realized, thereby avoiding the defects that the conventional DAS monitoring data has single production monitoring function in the pit and can only be used for explaining short-period production activities.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a method for imaging wellbore distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data, which comprises the following steps:
Step one, preprocessing k segy file data monitored by a DAS (data acquisition system) to obtain a data matrix of each segy file, wherein the size of the data matrix is N multiplied by M;
Wherein M is the number of sample data tracks, n=t/dt is the total number of sample points of each sample data track, t is the data recording time, dt is the sampling interval, k is a positive integer, and DAS is a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring system;
step two, the data matrix of each segy file obtained in the step one is obtained, N sample point data in t seconds in each track of matrix sample data are taken, root mean square amplitude calculation is carried out on the amplitudes of the sample point data, each amplitude value is recorded, and M amplitude values in each segy file are collected to form each amplitude energy change curve;
And thirdly, superposing and arranging the k amplitude energy change curves obtained in the second step according to the time sequence formed by the segy file to form a section view of acoustic vibration energy change in the shaft under a long time scale.
Further, the root mean square amplitude calculation in the second step has a calculation formula:
Wherein a M is root mean square amplitude value of the mth channel, N is sequence of sample point data in each channel, a mn is amplitude value of the nth sample point in t seconds of the mth channel, M is channel number of sample data channels, n=t/dt is total number of sample points of each channel of sample data channels, t is data recording time, and dt is sampling interval.
Further, the preprocessing includes: and reading track head information in standard segy format in original data, identifying sampling interval dt, data recording time t and track number M of sample data tracks recorded in the track head based on the track head information, and determining the total number of sample points of each track of sample data track as N=t/dt to obtain a data matrix of each segy file, wherein the size of the data matrix is NxM.
The invention provides a real-time processing terminal, which comprises:
The memory is used for reading and writing stored program instructions in real time;
a processor for executing program instructions stored by the memory;
wherein the processor performs the steps of a method for imaging based on wellbore distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data by a parallel algorithm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) And protecting the data security.
(2) The field work efficiency is improved, and the field engineering decision is supported. Because the segy format data file occupies a large storage space, the production platform is often displayed as a vibration state section according to a period of 30 seconds or less, the acoustic vibration response in the shaft can not intuitively reflect the fluid migration state in a short time, meanwhile, the long-period shaft DAS monitoring data is massive data, but the processing work after the production is finished is heavy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for imaging distributed fiber optic acoustic vibration monitoring data for a wellbore;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a method of image data imaging on a long time scale with root mean square amplitude calculation for single file data;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing an example of the original acoustic vibration profile in the short period of FIG. (a) with an example of the acoustic vibration profile in 2 months after the treatment of FIG. (b);
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a processing terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description below, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and distinct. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the matters related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a method for imaging wellbore distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data, which aims at micro vibration response caused by wellbore multiphase flow migration and combines DAS monitoring data, and comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a method for imaging wellbore distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data, which comprises the following steps:
Preprocessing k segy file data monitored by a DAS (data acquisition system) to obtain a data matrix of each segy file, wherein the size of the data matrix is N multiplied by M, the transverse direction of the matrix is the track number increasing direction, and the longitudinal direction is the time increasing direction;
Wherein M is the number of sample data tracks, n=t/dt is the total number of sample points of each sample data track, t is the data recording time, dt is the sampling interval, k is a positive integer, and DAS is a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring system;
Step two, the data matrix of each segy file obtained in the step one is obtained, N sample point data in each t seconds of each matrix sample data are taken, the amplitudes of the sample points are subjected to root mean square calculation and recorded as a new amplitude value, and M calculated amplitude values in each segy file are collected to form a new amplitude energy change curve;
Step three, each amplitude energy change curve obtained in the step two is overlapped and arranged according to the time sequence formed by k segy files, so that compression and optimization of mass data are realized, a shaft acoustic vibration energy change profile under a long time scale is formed, and imaging of shaft long-period acoustic vibration data is realized; meanwhile, the real-time display of the downhole multiphase vibration state can be realized, so that the data monitored by the DAS of the well bore can be more efficiently utilized, and further, the explanation of the production working condition of the well bore is realized.
According to the invention, a large amount of DAS data is processed in a targeted manner, the processed DAS data can display the micro-vibration phenomenon of a shaft in real time and continuously, the background noise intensity caused by the system performance is always lower than the intensity of an actual signal, and the DAS data has randomness.
Preferably, the root mean square amplitude calculation in the second step has a calculation formula:
Wherein a M is root mean square amplitude value of the mth channel, N is sequence of sample point data in each channel, a mn is amplitude value of the nth sample point in t seconds of the mth channel, M is channel number of sample data channels, n=t/dt is total number of sample points of each channel of sample data channels, t is data recording time, and dt is sampling interval.
Preferably, the pretreatment comprises: and reading track head information in standard segy format in original data, identifying sampling interval dt, data recording time t and track number M of data sample tracks recorded in the track head based on the track head information, and determining the total number of sample points of each track of sample data track as N=t/dt to obtain a data matrix of each segy file, wherein the size of the data matrix is NxM.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention provides a real-time processing terminal, including:
The memory is used for reading and writing stored program instructions in real time;
a processor for executing program instructions stored by the memory;
The processor performs the steps of the imaging method based on the distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data of the well bore through a parallel algorithm, for example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, so that high signal-to-noise ratio rapid imaging of mass monitoring data can be realized. Preferably, the program instructions may be divided into one or more modules/units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to perform the present invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions for describing the execution of the program instructions in the processing terminal. Preferably, the processing terminal may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a cloud server, and the like. The processing terminal may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory.
The invention divides the time of massive monitoring data and carries out root mean square average in the data under the short period, on the premise of not influencing the data quality, the data volume is effectively compressed, the continuous display of DAS data under the long time scale is realized, and in addition, the suppression of random interference noise of a system is realized, and the method is characterized in that the amplitude of the noise is small, but the noise has no regularity, and the suppression method is the root mean square superposition mentioned above, so that the random noise is further suppressed; the data calculation processing method is simple, the calculation efficiency is high, the method can be directly used as an independent module in field data processing imaging software, the problem that the original DAS data cannot clearly indicate production working conditions with long period scales such as field fluid migration and the like is solved, important data guidance is provided for field conventional oil gas and unconventional oil gas exploitation activities, and the activity state of production fluid in a shaft is further defined.
The number of the time samples of the acoustic vibration energy change profile finally formed is consistent with the number of the segy files formed by collection, and the time interval of data display is increased, but for long-time continuous monitoring data with a period of months or years, the influence of the sampling time interval unit changing from milliseconds to seconds is negligible, in addition, the processing method greatly compresses the storage space of the data, and the display of the whole working condition is not influenced.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the essence of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for imaging the distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data of the well bore is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step one, preprocessing k segy file data monitored by a DAS (data acquisition system) to obtain a data matrix of each segy file, wherein the size of the data matrix is N multiplied by M;
wherein M is the number of sample data tracks, n=t/dt is the total number of sample points of each sample data track, t is the data recording time, dt is the sampling interval, k is a positive integer, and DAS is a distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring system;
step two, the data matrix of each segy file obtained in the step one is obtained, N sample point data in t seconds in each track of matrix sample data are taken, the amplitude of the sample point data is subjected to root mean square calculation, amplitude values are recorded, and M amplitude values in each segy file are collected to form each amplitude energy change curve; the root mean square calculation is carried out on the amplitude of the amplitude, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, The root mean square amplitude value of the mth channel, n is the sequence of the sample point data in each channel,/>For the amplitude value of the nth sample point in the mth t seconds, M is the number of sample data tracks, N=t/dt is the total number of sample points of each sample data track, t is the data recording time, and dt is the sampling interval;
and thirdly, superposing and arranging each amplitude energy change curve obtained in the second step according to the time sequence formed by k segy files to form a section view of acoustic vibration energy change in the shaft under a long time scale.
2. The method for imaging distributed fiber optic acoustic vibration monitoring data of a well bore of claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment comprises the following steps: and reading track head information in standard segy format in original data, identifying sampling interval dt, data recording time t and track number M of sample data tracks recorded in the track head based on the track head information, and determining the sample number of each track of sample data track as N=t/dt to obtain a data matrix of each segy file, wherein the size of the data matrix is NxM.
3. A real-time processing terminal, comprising:
The memory is used for reading and writing stored program instructions in real time;
a processor for executing program instructions stored by the memory;
Wherein the processor is configured to perform the steps of the wellbore distributed optical fiber acoustic vibration monitoring data imaging method of any one of claims 1 to 2 by a parallel algorithm.
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