CN117332483A - A lighting installation method for high-voltage lines based on ADS-B flight data - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for installing lights on high-voltage lines based on ADS-B flight data. It analyzes the historical data of aircraft and high-voltage line heights transmitted by ADS-B, and determines the horizontal range of high-voltage line lights through the horizontal track area. Obstacles in the horizontal track area are analyzed based on the historical track height in the horizontal track area. If the height of the high-voltage line tower exceeds the basic height, lighting needs to be installed. If the height of the high-voltage line tower does not exceed the basic height, lighting does not need to be installed. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention starts from the flight path and proposes to use the flight history trajectory data recorded by ADS-B to determine the actual aircraft flight area, and to determine the actual aircraft flight area located under the flight path and with a small difference from the true altitude of the aircraft. A lighting scheme for high-voltage line tower poles is helpful for pilots to visually observe the existence of higher obstacles near the flight path. It is more targeted and accurate based on the actual flight operation perspective.

Description

A lighting installation method for high-voltage lines based on ADS-B flight data

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of aviation, and in particular to a method for installing lights on high-voltage lines based on ADS-B flight data.

Background technique

In recent years, airport clearance safety has received more and more attention. It is related to the healthy development of civil aviation, the flight safety of aircraft and the safety of people's lives and property, and has a heavy responsibility. Most airports in our country are not located in plains, and the surrounding terrain is mostly complex. With the construction of infrastructure, artificial obstacles around the airport are increasing, which may threaten aviation safety.

In order to ensure aviation safety, the management of some obstacles around the airport should improve the visibility of obstacles located around the airport. Obstacles are often marked by installing visual navigation aids to mark the obstacles to improve the airport. safe operating level.

With the development of the economy and the improvement of productivity, the demand for electricity in industry and life is also increasing, and the construction of high-voltage line projects is also increasing day by day. A high-voltage line often transmits power between two or more substations. It spans a long distance and has high high-voltage transmission line towers. It is a common artificial obstacle outside the airport. For those within the airport clearance protection range, High-voltage lines may have a certain impact on the safe operation of the airport. It is necessary to install obstacle visual navigation aids on them to let production personnel know the existence of obstacles and achieve a warning function. A common way is to install obstacle lights and set up Obstacle sign.

According to existing regulations and specifications, the installation specifications for high-voltage line tower obstacle lights are mostly based on the airport obstacle restriction surface and comprehensive navigation research opinions. Among them, the airport obstacle restriction surface is to ensure the safety of aircraft taking off and landing and the safe operation of the airport, and to prevent the airport from being unusable due to the increase in obstacles around the airport. Several obstacle restriction surfaces are specified to limit the occurrence of obstacles in the airport and its surrounding areas. height, as shown in Figure 1.

The existing technology determines the lighting installation plan based on the position of the obstacle relative to the airport and the clearance breakthrough situation. If the obstacle breaks through the airport obstacle limit surface, or is in a key area near takeoff or landing, and there is no existing If there are tall obstacles blocking or other warning signs, they need to be lit; the lighting plan for other obstacles within the airport clearance range needs to be determined through navigation studies.

The existing lighting scheme for high-voltage lines is partly determined based on navigation research. The scope and standards of the navigation research are not clear, and there is no clear operability. If it is only considered from the perspective of navigation assessment, the issue is also considered from the perspective of design. , but in actual operation, flights do not strictly follow the standard flight route. Due to the influence of external factors (air pressure, temperature, wind speed), the altitudes of different flight stages are not exactly consistent with the aeronautical charts. From the perspective of navigation assessment alone, Analyzing the obstacle lighting scheme may not provide a comprehensive analysis of the actual flight operation scene. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a method that can install obstacle lights on tower pole obstacles more accurately based on the actual flight route of the flight.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for installing lights on high-voltage lines based on ADS-B flight data. The geographical information system is used to analyze the historical flight tracks of ADS-B. The analysis of the horizontal range of historical flight tracks can be used for high-voltage lines. Determination of lighting installation plans and lighting rules.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for installing lights on high-voltage lines based on ADS-B flight data. The method steps are as follows:

Step 1: Analyze the historical aircraft data and high-voltage line altitude transmitted by ADS-B to obtain the aircraft's historical flight path and high-voltage line altitude;

Step 2: Calculate the "horizontal track area" based on the horizontal range of the historical track, and determine the horizontal range of high-voltage line lights through the "horizontal track area";

Step 3: For obstacles in the "horizontal track area", analyze the historical track height in the "horizontal track area" and set the basic height. If the height of the high-voltage line tower exceeds the basic height, you need to Install lights. If the height does not exceed the foundation height, there is no need to install lights.

Preferably, in step 2, the horizontal track area calculation method is:

First, use the geographic information system to process the track data;

Then, statistically divide the aircraft tracks that are relatively close in horizontal range, and form a track group composed of relatively close tracks, with the outermost edge track of the track group as the basic boundary;

Finally, the "horizontal track area" is the sum of the width between the basic boundary tracks on both sides, the horizontal positioning error of the position receiving equipment, and 1/2 the wingspan length of the aircraft.

Preferably, the method for processing the track data is to statistically organize the waypoints, route information and track information (longitude, latitude, altitude, aircraft type, time, flight number, etc.) of the track data, and use geography The information system enters the location information and attributes of the track, and draws the point information recorded by ADS-B into the aircraft's operating trajectory.

Preferably, the basic boundary is determined by combining waypoint and route information analysis to statistically divide multiple aircraft tracks that continuously fly over the same waypoint and have relatively close horizontal ranges. These tracks are formed by aircraft along the same route. For route operation, the track group composed of such tracks is smoothed with one or more edge tracks on the outermost edge of the track group, which is the basic boundary.

As a preference, in step 3, the lowest altitude of the aircraft's flight track in the operating direction is used as the lowest flight altitude along the operating direction in the "horizontal track area", and the basic altitude is set based on the lowest flight altitude combined with geographical environmental factors. .

As a preference, the height of common high-voltage line towers is generally less than 150m. The obstacle clearance margin is 300m for conventional airports and 600m for mountainous airports. Therefore, the minimum height of the track around high-voltage lines is 450m for conventional airports and 750m for mountainous airports. The height difference is the base height.

Compared with the existing technology, the advantage of the present invention is that: starting from the flight track, the present invention proposes to use the flight history track data recorded by ADS-B to determine the actual aircraft flight area, and align the flight track and the aircraft A lighting scheme for high-voltage line tower poles with a small difference in true height supplements a method of navigation assessment, strengthens the operability of the lighting scheme for obstacles that are not clearly defined in regulations, and is more conducive to pilots' visual observation of locations located There are higher obstacles near the flight path, and this solution is more targeted and accurate based on the actual flight operation perspective.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows the airport obstacle restriction surface;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal track area of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below, a method for installing lighting on high-voltage lines based on ADS-B flight data. The method steps are as follows, see Figures 2 and 3.

Step 1: Analyze the historical data of the aircraft and the height of the high-voltage line transmitted by ADS-B to obtain the historical flight path and height of the high-voltage line. Among them, ADS-B can automatically obtain parameters from relevant airborne equipment and transmit them to other aircraft. Or the ground station broadcasts the aircraft's position, altitude, speed, heading, identification number and other information for the controller to monitor the aircraft status. In order to improve the accuracy of data, the historical data of aircraft transmitted by ADS-B is used for analysis based on three years of historical data.

The advantage of using ADS-B in this invention is that it is more direct to obtain historical tracks using data from aircraft monitoring equipment; and as aircraft monitoring equipment, ADS-B ground receiving equipment is more expensive than primary radar and secondary radar. It is low and easy to install; and currently most airports have deployed ADS-B, which can achieve larger area coverage, record more complete aircraft tracks around most airports, and increase the traceability of historical tracks.

Step 2: Calculate the "horizontal track area" based on the horizontal range of the historical track, and determine the horizontal range of high-voltage line lights through the "horizontal track area";

Perform horizontal track area calculations:

First, the waypoints, route information and track information (longitude, latitude, altitude, aircraft type, time, flight number, etc.) are statistically organized, and the geographic information system is used to enter the location information and attributes of the track, and the ADS-B The recorded point information is plotted into the flight trajectory of the aircraft;

Then, combined with the analysis of waypoint and route information, statistical divisions are made of the tracks of multiple aircraft that continuously fly over the same waypoint and have a relatively close horizontal range. These tracks are composed of aircraft operating along the same route. This type of track is composed of For a track group, the outermost edge track or tracks of the track group are smoothed as the basic boundary. This basic boundary can determine the operating range of historical flight trajectories, providing a reference for the lighting range, and is very accurate. And it is suitable for actual operation;

Finally, the sum of the width between the basic boundary tracks on both sides, the horizontal positioning error of the position receiving equipment, and 1/2 the wingspan length of the aircraft is regarded as the "horizontal track area". Through this "horizontal track area", lighting analysis of tower pole obstacles can be performed. Among them, since the GNSS position receiving equipment of ADS-B has a certain horizontal positioning error, and the wingspan of the aircraft has a certain width, the width between the basic boundary tracks on both sides, the horizontal positioning error of the position receiving equipment and 1/2 The sum of the aircraft's wingspan lengths is regarded as the "horizontal track area", which is the only path that the aircraft must pass through in this airspace.

Through the horizontal track area calculated by the present invention, the current and past operating range of the aircraft can be determined. According to the scope of the horizontal track area, the positional relationship between the aircraft and the ground objects can be clarified. This positional relationship more accurately reflects the flight path. The relative positional relationship between traces and features.

Step 3: For obstacles in the "horizontal track area", analyze the historical track height of the aircraft in the "horizontal track area", and use the lowest height of the aircraft's flight track in the operating direction as the The minimum flight altitude along the operating direction within the "horizontal track area". The basic height is set based on the minimum flight altitude combined with geographical environmental factors. If the height of the high-voltage line tower exceeds the basic height, lighting needs to be installed. If it does not exceed the basic height, it will not be installed. Need to install lights.

Among them, the basic height is set based on the minimum flight altitude and geographical environmental factors. The height of common high-voltage line towers is generally less than 150m. The obstacle clearance margin is 300m for conventional airports and 600m for mountainous airports. , therefore, the height obtained by taking the difference between the lowest height of the flight path around the high-voltage line and 450m of the conventional airport (750m for the mountainous airport) is the basic height. By performing real calculations on high-voltage line tower poles and the flight paths of aircraft, the accuracy of the invention during actual operation is ensured. For tower pole obstacles within the airport obstacle restriction plane, the installation scheme under the existing technology can be maintained. Ensure that the tower poles near the airport can be clearly spotted to ensure navigation safety.

To sum up, the present invention takes the flight path as the starting point and proposes to use the flight history trajectory data recorded by ADS-B to determine the actual aircraft flight area and target the high-voltage line towers located under the flight path and with a small difference from the true height of the aircraft. A lighting scheme for poles supplements a method of navigation assessment, strengthens the operability of lighting schemes for obstacles that are not clearly defined in regulations, and is more conducive to pilots' visual observation of taller obstacles located near the flight path. exists, and this plan is more targeted and accurate from the perspective of actual flight operations.

In addition, the horizontal track area of the present invention can also be used as a basis to further provide some reference basis for other research directions, such as special research on noise, electromagnetic interference to ground stations by high-voltage lines on aircraft operating trajectories, etc.

The above is a detailed introduction to the high-voltage line lighting method based on ADS-B flight data provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for It helps to understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the field, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope according to the idea of the present invention, and the changes and improvements to the present invention will be possible without exceeding the concept and scope defined by the appended claims. In summary, the content of this description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A high-voltage wire-filling method based on ADS-B flight data is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of,

step 1, analyzing historical data and high-voltage line heights of an aircraft transmitted by an ADS-B to obtain historical tracks and high-voltage line heights of the aircraft;

step 2, calculating a horizontal track area according to the horizontal range of the historical track, and determining the horizontal range of the high-voltage line lamp installation through the horizontal track area;

and 3, analyzing the obstacles in the horizontal track area by combining the historical track height in the horizontal track area, setting the basic height, and if the high-voltage line tower pole height exceeds the basic height, carrying out lamp installation, and if the high-voltage line tower pole height does not exceed the basic height, carrying out lamp installation.

2. The AI) S-B flight data-based high-voltage wiring method of claim 1, wherein: in step 2, the horizontal track area calculating method is that,

firstly, processing track data by using a geographic information system;

then, carrying out statistics division on aircraft tracks with a relatively close horizontal range, and taking a track group consisting of the relatively close tracks and an outermost edge track of the track group as a basic boundary;

finally, the sum of the width between the two side basic boundary tracks, the horizontal positioning error of the position receiving equipment and the span length of the 1/2 aircraft is the 'horizontal track area'.

3. A high voltage wiring method based on ADS-B flight data as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the method for processing the track data comprises the steps of carrying out statistics arrangement on the track points, the track information and the track information of the track data, recording the position information and the attribute of the track by utilizing a geographic information system, and drawing the point position information recorded by the ADS-B into the running track of the aircraft.

4. A high voltage wiring method based on ADS-B flight data as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and determining the basic boundary, carrying out statistics division on a plurality of aircraft tracks which continuously fly over the same route points and have a relatively close horizontal range, and carrying out smoothing treatment on one or more edge tracks at the outermost side of the track group to form the basic boundary.

5. A high voltage wiring method based on ADS-B flight data as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step 3, the lowest flying height of the aircraft in the running direction is taken as the lowest flying height along the running direction in the horizontal track area, and the basic height is set by combining the lowest flying height with the geographic environment factors.

6. The ADS-B flight data-based high voltage wiring method of claim 5, wherein: the common high-voltage line tower pole is generally below 150m, 300m is taken from a conventional airport with obstacle exceeding obstacle margin, 600m is taken from a mountain airport, and therefore, the lowest height of the track around the high-voltage line is different from the height of the conventional airport by 450 m/750 m, namely the basic height is taken from the conventional airport.